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UNIVERSiTY OF
ILLINOIS LIBRARY
Digitized^-byine Internet Archive
in 2011 with funding from
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
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PARKS AND RECREATION
GLENCOE, ILLINOIS
THE LEISURE ATTITUDES, INTERESTS AND BEHAVIOR
OF
GLENCOE PARK-RECREATION
DISTRICT RESIDENTS
FIELD SERVICE
DEPARTMENT OF RECREATION AND PARK ADMINISTRATION
UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS
September, 1967
Field ServiceDepartment of Recreation and Park Administration
1203 West OregonUrbana, Illinois
September, 1967
Mrs. Max Schneider, President
Board of CommissionersGlencoe Park-Recreation District
Dear Mrs. Schneider:
I am pleased to submit this report, The Leisure Attitudes, Interests, and
Behavior of Glencoe Park-Recreation District Residents , to the Board of
Commissioners
.
Alan R. Caskey, Field Consultant, compiled all data and is principal author
of this report. Collaborating with him was George A. Lowrey, Jr., who con-
ducted the computer statistical analysis.
This report summarizes the information obtained from the adult and youth
questionnaire surveys conducted in April, 1967.
The report's results, as a separate report, must not be considered a final
priority plan. Statistical data contained herein will be useful for de-
cision making in the face of uncertainty. This data must be combined with
other community data before final decisions are made.
Cooperation of your commission members, your professional staff, the vari-
ous local governmental units and their officials, and volunteer citizens
is acknowledged with appreciation.
^."^
HMM^ifl^J. itannon
Fielu Service
11
PARTICIPATING OFFICIALS
GLENCOE PARK-RECREATION DISTRICT
Board of Commissioners
Members
Mrs. Max Schneider, PresidentJames E. FitzGerald, Vice-PresidentClarence E. SnellIra B. JosephStanton Schuman
Past Board Members Active in Survey Project
Roland B. CalhounArthur B. Seibold
Officers
Amos H. Watts, AttorneyBruce A. McDonald, TreasurerWalter C. Johnson, Secretary
Professional Staff
Walter C. Johnson, Director of Parks and RecreationHenry J. Kalk, Manager of ParksKatherine S. Netzer, Bookkeeper-SecretaryJean Bartelman, Secretary
UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS
Department of Recreation and Park Administration
Allen V. Sapora, Head of Department
Doyle Bishop, Director, Socio-Psychological Research in Recreation
Field Service
Joseph J. Bannon, ChiefGeorge A. Lowrey, Jr., Assistant ChiefAlan R. Caskey, Field ConsultantMary Ruth Jarboe, SecretaryKal Kapplan, Assistant
SPECIAL ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Special acknowledgement and appreciation is given to the following for their
cooperation in the survey:
Dr. William Cornog, Superintendent, New Trier Township High Schools
Carl J. Lunquist, Director of Testing, New Trier Township High School
Robert Morris, Village Manager, Village of Glencoe
Dr. Roderick McPhee, Superintendent, Glencoe Elementary Schools
Don Duranso, Village Clerk, Village of Glencoe
Norman Erickson, Principal, Central School
Gretchen Collins, Principal, Upper-Central School
Katherine S. Netzer, Office Secretary, Glencoe Park-Recreation District
Mindy Upp and Linda Becker, Glencoe News Reporters, Hollister Publications
Volunteers
Mrs. Stanton SchumanMrs. Thomas WalshMrs . Ashleigh WeismanMrs. Robert WilliamsMrs . Sam WidranMrs. Stanley WeinbergerMrs. David ViallMrs. Irwin S . SylvanMrs. Francis SullivanMrs
.
William KellerMrs. Donald M. SchennumMrs. Philip M. SchachererMrs. Marvin B. RogersMrs. Robert C. RobertsonMrs. Paul C. Nagel, Jr.
Mrs
.
Charles McCarthyMrs . Charles S. MackMrs. Frank MaherMrs. John A. KuhnenMrs. Harold KudanMrs. Richard JacobsonMrs. Sidney F. JarrowMrs. Joseph W. HirschhornMrs. Thomas HermesMrs. Robert HaasMrs
.
M. RichMrs
.
Marcia PlonskerMrs. R. K. Newhall
Mrs. Leonard LiebschutzMrs. Richard M. KarzenMrs. H. E. GoodsmithMrs. Mark GoldbergMrs. James FitzGeraldMrs. Caryl EliotMrs. Florence ElliotMrs. Sydelle EisenbergMrs. Nancy DesatnickMrs. H. BermanMrs. Arthur J. BaldaufMrs. Samuel GotoffMrs. Edwin S, Ewing, Jr.
Mrs. Irvin BiedermanMrs. William DriscollMrs. William DeneenMrs
.
Roger ConantMrs. G. B. BonneyMrs. Arthur E. Bryan, Jr.
Mrs
.
Roy S . EdwardsMrs. Erwin PetersMrs. Barbara CarneyMrs. C. ThompsonMrs. Betty SteinwegMrs. John SchwartzMrs. S. W. BerkMrs. Walter C. JohnsonMrs. Philip M. Heles
IV
GLENCOE NEWS EDITORIAL
A Hollister Newspaper
Established 1909
CO-OPERATE IN PARK SURVEY
The Glencoe Park-Recreation District is undertaking an ambitious project
which will require the co-operation of its residents.
With the University of Illinois, the district will survey district residents
to determine their recreational needs and interests.
The University will tabulate the survey results, which then will be used by
the district to formulate a comprehensive master plan for the development of
facilities and programs.
The job of distributing the survey questionnaires is too large for the dis-
trict staff and too costly for the University staff to handle alone.
So Glencoe park officials are asking for about 100 volunteers from village
organizations. These volunteers will attend a kick-off meeting and training
session the first week in March, and then distribute the questionnaires door-
to-door in their neighborhoods.
They also will be asked to make follow-up telephone calls to those who have
received the questionnaires. Residents should do everything they can to help
with this worthwhile project. Those with spare time should help with the
distribution and everyone who receives a questionnaire should fill it out
thoughtfully. The survey will be only as meaningful as the answers on the
questionnaires. Since this survey will determine the progress of the park-
recreation district for the next 10 years, its importance cannot be under-
estimated.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL i
PARTICIPATING OFFICIALS ii
SPECIAL ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iii
GLENCOE NEWS EDITORIAL iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS v
MAJOR OBSERVATIONS xi
PART ONE - INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER ONE - THE SURVEY 1
Introduction
Purpose of the Survey
Use of the Report
Contents of Report
CHAPTER TWO - THE INSTRUMENT AND THE SAMPLES 5
Sample 5
General
Neighborhood Analysis
Glencoe Samples 6
Adult
Youth
Questionnaires 8
General
Adult
Youth
Mathematical Concepts 10
Statistics
General
Descriptive
Inferencial
Data Interpretation
Data Analysis
VI
PART TWO - ADULT SAMPLE ANALYSIS
CHAPTER THREE - ADULT SAMPLE CHARACTERISTICS 15
Introduction
Area Sample Size (Table 3 - 1, p. 19)
Glencoe Map (p. 20)
U. S. Census Data (Table 3-2, p. 21)
Education - Grades Completed (Table 3 - 3, p. 24)
Income (Table 3-4, p. 25)
Children Per Family Under 15 (Table 3 - 5, p. 26)
Ownership (Table 3 - 6, p. 27)
Summary 18
CHAPTER FOUR - ADULT TIME-USE CHARACTERISTICS 29
Introduction
Area and Total Sample Time-Use Means (Table 4-1, p. 33)
Working - Hours Per Week (Table 4-2, p. 34)
Attending Meetings - Hours Per Week (Table 4-3, p. 35)
Volunteer Work - Hours Per Week (Table 4-4, p. 36)
Watching Television - Hours Per Day (Table 4 - 5, p. 37)
Time Available for Recreation (Table 4-6, p. 38)
Summary 32
CHAPTER FIVE - ADULT LEISURE BEHAVIOR 41
Introduction
Activities Participation in the Last 30 days(Table 5 - 1, p. 48)
Activities Participation During the Last Year(Table 5-2, p. 49)
Other Leisure Activities (Table 5 - 3, p. 50)
"Activities I Would Like to Do More" (Table 5-4, p. 51)
Private Club Membership (Table 5-5, p. 54)
Ranked Use of Selected Facilities (Table 5 - 6a+b, p. 55)
Summary 46
Vll
CHAPTER SIX - ADULT LEISURE BEHAVIOR ATTITUDES 59
Additional Programs and Facilities at Watts Center(Table 6 - 1, p. 64)
Acquatic Opportunity (Table 6 - 2, p. 65)
Summer Playground Opinion (Table 6 - 3, p. 71)
Recreation Facilities Most Used Outside Glencoe(Table 6-4, p. 74)
Facilities and Programs Most Needed in Glencoe(Table 6 - 5, p. 75)
Recommended Improvements in Facilities and Programs(Table 6 - 6, p. 76)
Summary 62
CHAPTER SEVEN - ADULT ATTITUDES TOWARD COMMUNITY 77
Introduction
Attitude Data Summary (Table 7 - 1, p. 79)
Better Park Facilities? (Table 7-2, p. 80)
Better Recreation Programs? (Table 7 - 3, p. 81)
Satisfied with Park Facilities? (Table 7-4, p. 82)Sa-^isfied with Recreation Programs (Table 7 - 5, p. 83)
Beach too Crowded? (Table 7-6, p. 84)
Sufficient Tennis Courts? (Table 7 - 7, p. 85)
Recreation Program Value? (Table 7 - 8, p. 86)
Park System Program Value? (Table 7-9, p. 87)
Relationship of Adult Attitude Questions (Table 7 - .^0, p. 88)
Summary 77
PART THREE - YOUTH SAMPLE ANALYSIS
CHAPTER EIGHT - YOUTH SAMPLE CHARACTERISTICS 89
Introduction
Area Sample Size (Table 8-1, p. 92)
Age (Table 8-2, p. 93)
Grade in School (Table 8-3, p. 94)
Ownership (Table 8 - 4, p. 95)
Allowance Per Week (Table 8-5, p. 96)
Summary qi
CHAPTER NINE - YOUTH TIME-USE CHARACTERISTICS 97
Introduction
Hours in School Average Day (Table 9 - 1, p. 99)
Hours Working Average Week (Table 9-2, p. 100)
Vlll
Hours Attending Meetings Average Week(Table 9 - 3, p. 101)
Hours Per Day Watching Television (Table 9-4, p. 102)
Summary 98
CHAPTER TEN - YOUTH LEISURE BEHAVIOR 103
Introduction
Activities Participated in During Last 30 Days(Table 10-1, p. 109)
Activities Participated in During Last Year(Table 10-2, p. 110)
Other Leisure Activities (Table 10 - 3, p. Ill)
After School Leisure Behavior (Table 10-4, p. 112)
"Activities I Would Like to Do More" (Table 10 - 5, p. II3)
Youth Ranking of Selected Facilities (Table 10 - 6, p. 114)
Summary 107
CHAPTER ELEVEN - YOUTH LEISURE BEHAVIOR ATTITUDES 115
Introduction
Additional Facilities and Programs at Watts Center(Table 11 - 1, p. 119)
Recreation Facilities Most Used Outside Glencoe(Table 11-2, p. 120)
Facilities and Programs Most Needed in Glencoe(Table 11 - 3, p. 123)
Recommended Improvements in Facilities and Programs(Table 11-4, p. 124)
Summary 117
CHAPTER TWELVE - YOUTH ATTITUDES TOWARDS COMMUNITY 125
Introduction
Attitude Data Summary (Table 12-1, p. 127)
Better Park Facilities? (Table 12-2, p. 128)
Better Recreation Programs? (Table 12 - 3, p. 129)
Satisfied with Park Facilities (Table 12-4, p. 130)
Satisfied with Recreation Programs? (Table 12 - 5, p. 131)
Organizations Status? (Table 12-6, p. 132)
Outside Glencoe Participation? (Table 12-7, p. 133)
Summary 125
IX
PART FOUR - APPENDICIES
APPENDIX A - SUMMARY OF UNSOLICITED COMMENTS 134
APPENDIX B - SAMPLE QUESTIONNAIRES 141
Adult Letter
Adult Questionnaire
Youth Letter
Youth Questionnaire
APPENCIX C - ACTIVITY TABLES 152
Introduction
Adult - 30 Day (Table C - 1, p. 155)
Adult - Last Year (Table C - 2, p. 157)
Youth - 30 Day (Table C - 3, p. 160)
Youth - Last Year (Table C - 4, p. 162)
APPENDIX D - LIST OF USEFUL RECOURCES 166
XI
MAJOR OBSERVATIONS
Use of Report
A. Master Plan: This report should serve as a primary source of
information for the Glencoe Park-Recreation master plan.
B. Feasibility Plans: This report's information should be useful in
the preparation of facility and program feasibility studies.
"What is the Best Time to Conduct a Certain Activity?", "What
Cultural or Social Program Should be Pilot-Tested?", and "On What
Major Facility Should a Feasibility Study be Conducted?", are
questions to which insight may be gained from this report.
II. Recreation
A. Serve All Age Groups: The Elementary, Junior High, High School,
Adult, and Senior Citizens are age groupings which should have
specific programs. An evaluation of present programs should be
conducted as both youth and adults are dissatisfied with present
recreation programs.
B. Male and Female: There should be specific programs for the male
and female of each age group. Family and mixed programs should
also be provided.
C. Self-Sustaining Activities: In the pilot-testing of new programs,
financial support should be provided by tax money. As programs
expand, emphasis toward making the program self-sustaining may be
increased.
D. Activity Balance: The recreation program must be balanced between
the physical, cultural, mental, social, and natural programcategories. Although one program category may require more
financing and leadership personnel time, investigation, pilot-
testing, and program offerings should be conducted in all categories.
E. Personnel: In a statement of policy, published by the Glencoe Park-
Recreation Board entitled. Furthering and Financing of Recreation in
Glencoe, the Board said that "Recreation activities have their best
coordination and continuity when guided by a central professional
source. The professionally-trained recognize the permanent aspects
of recreation activities, but continuously review them in light of
changing needs of the people involved. . .having trained personnel
capable of directing, coordinating, and enlarging a recreationprogram is an inherit park district function." Nothing further need
be said regarding the importance of professional leadership in
conducting a recreation program.
Xll
III. Major Facility Expansion
A. Lake Front Activities: Expansion of beach and boating facilitiesshould be considered. Both Glencoe youth and adults indicatedconcern for cleaner, larger and more varied aquatic opportunitieson Glencoe 's lake front.
B. Swimming Pool: A swimming pool is considered the most neededfacility in Glencoe. Many Glencoe adults indicated a need for
swimming instruction for youth. Teen-age youth indicated extensiveuse of swimming pools outside of Glencoe.
C. Artificial Ice Skating Rink: The present Glencoe skating rinks are
the most used facilities by families in Glencoe. Both youth and
adults indicated a strong desire that an artificial ice rink be
provided.
D. Tennis Courts: An expansion of tennis court facilities throughnew construction and evening lighting is desired by Glencoe adults.
Although an indoor tennis facility is desired, the percentage is
low
.
E. Watts Center-Teen Center: Expansion of Watts Center should be
considered. Its present heavy use and youth and adults' expressionof dissatisfaction with it are major reasons for an expansionprogram.
F. Teen-age Center: As Glencoe teenagers attend school on a splittownship basis, the planning of teenage programs on a community basis
is unwise. Coordination with other township communities to provideprograms and facilities is paramount.
IV. Financial Considerations
A. Operational Financing: Glencoe youth and adults are not satisfied withrecreation programs in Glencoe. However, both youth and adults believein the value of recreation programs. The Glencoe Board of ParkCommissioners should ask the residents of Glencoe to levy and collect
a tax of .05 per cent for the purpose of recreational programs as
provided in the Park District Code. This tax would provide funds to
conduct recreation programs desired by Glencoe adults and youth and
administrative support for planning future programs.
B. Major Construction Financing: An investigation into user fees,
State and Federal grants, gifts and donations, and bonds for the
financing of major facility construction should be conducted. Glencoe
residents indicate they are willing to financially support their
requests for increased recreation opportunities in Glencoe.
PART ONE
CHAPTER ONE - INTRODUCTION
PURPOSE OF THE SURVEY: The basic purpose of this survey, conducted by the
University of Illinois, was to find answers to various questions concern-
ing public parks and recreation facilities, programs, and services provided
to the residents of the Glencoe Park-Recreation District.
These questions were:
1. What is the scope and depth of opportunities available for theuse of leisure in Glencoe?
2. In what recreation activities do Glencoe adults and youth saythey participate?
3. What do Glencoe adults and youth recommend for additional parkfacilities and recreation programs in the Glencoe Park-RecreationDistrict?
4. What do Glencoe adults and youth believe is the present suffi-ciency of the Glencoe Park-Recreation District in providing parkfacilities and recreation programs?
This survey has three auxiliary purposes which are:
to increase community involvement in the decision making andplanning processes of the governmental unit;
to provide the governing board, professional staff, and communityresidents with a better understanding of public parks andrecreation;
to provide supporting data for the governmental unit's variousdecision making and planning processes.
USE OF THE REPORT: The results of the survey, contained within this report,
may be used to assist in the development of the Glencoe Park-Recreation
District Master Plan. The data may be closely correlated with the excesses
or deficiencies of land, existing facilities and programs, present program
and facility usage, leisure attitudes, leisure interests, population trends,
socio-economic data, and other related factors. Using the survey's data, a
recommended comprehensive Master Plan for the long range improvement of land,
facilities, and programs is to be developed by the Glencoe Park-Recreation
District professional staff.
The survey data and inferences therefrom should be generally helpful to:
1. The Glencoe Park-Recreation District Board of Commissioners for
planning and developing park areas and facilities and recreationprograms and services to meet present and future needs.
2. The Glencoe Park-Recreation District professional staff in develop-
ing various plans and recommending priorities for the future.
3. The Glencoe Park-Recreation District Board of Commissioners and
professional staff;
a. to ascertain the opinions, ideas, concepts and problems that
citizens have in regard to services provided;
b. to more effectively estimate demand for parks and recreationto meet the needs of the present and future population;
c. to provide a source of information and develop criteria for
planning and for decision making regarding the specific amount,
type, and location of park areas, facilities, and services;
d. to plan specific types of services to meet the varying recreationinterests in different neighborhoods;
e. to develop community activities necessary to maximize the use of
public facilities and services;
f. to effectively utilize the funds available for public park and
recreation purposes.
4. The planning groups such as the North Eastern Metropolitan Planning
Commission and similar city and regional groups involved generally
in physical and social planning.
5. The volunteer agencies, community or neighborhood councils, private
recreation enterprises, and other groups and individuals directly
or indirectly involved in the planning and conduct of any leisure
time educational or recreational programs and services.
6. The individual citizens of Glencoe Park-Recreation District who may
wish to study the report and become more familiar with the problems
and relationships that may help them take an effective part in
community affairs related to park and recreation services.
CONTENTS OF THE REPORT: The contents are briefly described here so that the
reader may orient himself to the basic structure of the report. This basic
orientation is included because of the possibility of the reader becoming
too deeply involved in the statistical analysis or the data concerning one
specific question area before obtaining a broad understanding of the report.
A description of five basic categories and their contents is found below.
These basic five categories for both the adult and youth samples are closely
followed. The material in each section is similar although different ques-
tions, because of age and status differences, will cause some sections to be
different.
Community Characteristics: For both the adult and youth samples this section
contains information about age, sex, marital status, family size, education,
occupation, income, or various grade levels for the youth. This information
is quite helpful and needed in basic planning procedures by any public agency.
These data give a basic socio-economic profile of the community.
These data, especially age, sex, marital status, family size and income, are
related to 1960 census data for use in determining the randomness of the
sample. From the results of a random sample, we can make generalizations
about the total population. It is important that we understand the sample
when making generalizations about the total population, for if some bias
does exist in the sample, it is necessary to give the bias consideration in
making inferences about the general population.
Time Use: This section contains information from those questions concerning
working hours, school hours, study time, television viewing time, attendance
at organizational meetings, and the amount of volunteer service time given
in the community. These data provide the planning agency with information
concerning the time-use behavior of its residents. In order to plan programs
or have facilities open at the proper times, it is necessary to know what the
basic time-use patterns of the residents of the community are.
Leisure Behavior: This section contains information based upon frequency
counts of participation in selected activities over a specified period of
time. Each respondent was asked to list the frequency of participation in
activities over a 30 day time period and over the period of the last year.
This information provides the planning agency with some idea of what the
people say they actually do during their leisure. It is felt that this be-
havior information is more accurate than specifically asking the individuals
what they would have liked to have done over the past year. This section
also contains different questions about leisure participation in the adult
and youth samples. For example, in the adult section respondents were asked
if they belonged to a private club, whereas in the youth section each respondent
was asked to list what he or she did after school each day.
Leisure Behavior Attitudes: The material in this section is a combination
of questions which could be placed in the leisure behavior section or in the
section which follows, attitudes toward community. It was felt that this
information is more what people would rather do or an attitude toward leisure
behavior than it is a subjective attitude toward the community or the district
providing services within the community.
Material in this section includes the most used facilities outside Glencoe,
additional programs and facilities that should be offered at various Glencoe
facilities, and attitudes about other types of specific programs that could
or should be offered by the Glencoe Park-Recreation District. In the youth
survey a question asked them to list additional facilities and programs which
the youth population would like to see offered by the park and recreation
district.
Attitudes Toward Community: This section contains information from questions
that were specifically directed at measuring each respondent's attitude
toward his neighborhood recreation facilities and programs and toward the
total Glencoe Park-Recreation District system. These questions are basically
value judgments of the individual respondents. The responses are useful as
a general attitude inventory of the total population of the community.
CHAPTER TWO - THE INSTRUMENT AND THE SAMPLES.
SAMPLE
GENERAL: This survey's purpose was to inquire into the nature of the leisure
attitudes and interests of Glencoe residents. It would be ideal if we could
easily and economically examine every resident of Glencoe, but such a proce-
dure is impossible for many reasons. It is almost impossible to examine
every resident because of the way they are distributed and the time involved.
It is also unnecessary from a practical point of view since sufficiently
accurate and precise results may be obtained much more quickly and in-
expensively by examining only a small portion of the population concerned.
In most situations, then, it is impossible or impractical to investigate a
population completely, and one must be content with looking at only a part of
the whole. That part which is used for the purposes of the investigation is
called a sample.
Samples may be selected in a variety of ways, but, essentially, they may be
classed as random or systematic. Glencoe 's sampling technique contains both
random and systematic elements. A systematic sample, as the name implies,
is one selected according to some system, in this case selecting every fifth
individual from a list of all individuals living within the Glencoe Park-
Recreation District.
A random sample is defined as a sample selected in such a way that every pair
of elements is statistically independent. This means that the selection of
any element or individual for the sample in no way affects the probability
or the likelihood of the selection of any other individual or element. In
other words, a sample is random if every individual in the population has an
equal and independent chance of being selected or included in the sample.
To determine the sample size which would provide a certain level of confidence
in the results, a formula table developed by statisticians was used. This
formula table lists the number of individuals which must be included in the
sample according to the number of occupied dwelling units in a certain area.
The sample size from each area and its population was determined before the
selection of the sample.
NEIGHBORHOOD ANALYSIS: The Glencoe Park-Recreation District was divided into
three neighborhoods or areas. Area 1 being east of the Chicago and North-
western Railroad, Area 2 being west of the Chicago and Northwestern Railroad
and north of Park Avenue, and Area 3 being west of the Chicago and North-
western Railroad and south of Park Avenue. Using different neighborhoods
within a community is a technique employed to determine if one specific area
within a community is different from the others or different from the total
community. If in the tabulation of the data one area or neighborhood is
significantly different from the other neighborhoods, the inferences drawn
and decisions made must be altered accordingly. It would be very important
for the park and recreation planners in Glencoe to know if any area has
different attitudes, interests, or behavior than those of the community as a
whole. However, the Glencoe data analysis, in the early stagey revealed that
there was in most questions no significant difference between the three
areas and the total community characteristics. This community's homogeneity
was so marked that the total analysis was used rather than individual neigh-
borhood or area analysis.
GLENCOE SAMPLES
ADULT: Glencoe has a population of approximately 11,000. Using the Village
of Glencoe Department of Public Works map department and a check on building
permits in Glencoe in the last two years, it was determined that Glencoe
contained 2,802 homes and 128 apartment dwellings. Dividing the dwelling
units into the population gives us the average number of persons per house-
hold at 3.82. The number of homes and populations was divided into three
areas. These neighborhoods were felt, at the onset of the study, to be the
natural areas of the community. Area 1 corresponds to the U. S. Census Tract
Number NTT-0001 and Areas 2 and 3 approximately divide in half the U. S.
Census Tract Number NTT-0002. The number of homes and populations of these three
areas are:
#1 - East of Chicago and Northwestern Railroad
Homes - 851
Population - 3,000
#2 - West of Chicago and Northwestern Railroad and North of Park Avenue
Homes - 918
Population - 3,750
#3 - West of Chicago and Northwestern Railroad and South of Park Avenue
Homes - 918
Population - 4,500
Using a table of sample size required for finite populations, for confidence
limits of 95% and specified reliability limits of - 57» a sample size of 400
was needed for an adult population of 2,800 households.
Using the Village of Glencoe water bill list, which contains the names and
addresses of all houses and apartments, a random sample technique was employed.
Every fifth name and address card was pulled in order to procure the 600
residents to which questionnaires would be delivered.
Questionnaires were distributed by 60 women volunteers to 600 of the 2,800
homes in Glencoe. Approximately 124 were returned from Area 1, 142 from
Area 2, and 136 from Area 3. An additional 19 questionnaires, which were
not marked as to area, were returned to bring the total adult return to
421 questionnaires.
The adult questionnaire response was considered very high and should be
attributed to the volunteers' efforts in distributing and following up on the
questionnaires. It has been found in other studies that when questionnaires
are distributed by neighbors and volunteer groups, an almost double retiorn
percentage results than when questionnaires are mailed to a residence. In
the adult sample a total of 600 adult questionnaires were distributed with
a 421 return of which 417 were usable for a 70.16% response.
YOUTH: Within the Glencoe school system a population size for the various
grades was determined. The Glencoe school has 262 fifth graders, 250 sixth
graders, 279 seventh graders, and 285 eighth graders. A 50% sample of the
(564) junior high school students (the seventh and eighth grades) was taken.
A 50% sample required approximately 250 questionnaires from this age group.
It was also determined to take a 50% sample of the high school which would
require approximately 500 returned questionnaires. The number of high school
students attending New Trier East or West was 1,010. No other high schools
besides New Trier were sampled. A problem arose with the youth sample in that
the first return from the high school was considered very low which would
not give us a representative sample.
Because of the low return of high school questionnaires (150) , a blanket
coverage of all high school students minus the 150 was made by mailing them
a questionnaire. A total of 1,000 junior and senior high school student
questionnaires were distributed with 705 returned of which 679 were usable
for a 67.90% response.
QUESTIONNAIRES
GENERAL: The basic structure of the questionnaire has been developed in
several other studies conducted either by faculty or graduate students of the
University of Illinois Department of Recreation and Park Administration.
(Appendix D lists some of the prior studies.) The adult questionnaire
consisted of two pages printed on both sides with a total of 28 questions.
The questionnaires were basically divided into demographic community character-
istic variables, time-use variables, activity variables of leisure behavior,
leisure behavior attitude questions, and questions concerning attitudes toward
the district. Sample questionnaires are contained in Appendix B as well as
the cover letter explaining the use of the q uestionnaire which was also de-
livered to each household. The youth questionnaire consisted of two pages
printed on both sides following the same content format as the adult
questionnaire
.
ADULT QUESTIONNAIRE DISTRIBUTION: A solicitation of volunteers to distribute
the adult questionnaire was made to the five P.T.A. 's Sacred Heart School
P.T.O., The League of Women Voters' and three Glencoe Garden Clubs. Each
group was asked to send ten volunteer workers to the April 6 community meeting
at Watts Center. Sixty volunteers attended the April 6 community meeting
where the procedure of distributing the questionnaire was explained to them.
Ten questionnaires were given to each volunteer with an attempt to assign the
volunteers in their own neighborhood or section of the Village.
The following questions concerning the questionnaire distribution were dis-
cussed with the volunteers so that they might be prepared to answer any of
the respondents' inquires.
1. What if a person refuses to fill out a questionnaire?
2. Must the name be signed to the questionnaire?
3. How long will it take to fill out the questionnaire?
4. Who should fill it out? Male or female head of the household?
5. What if people are on vacation or away?
6. Will results of the questionnaire be made available?
7. When will the results be available?
8. Should you stay with the person while they fill out the question-naire?
9. Should you leave the questionnaire in the mail box?
10. What if the phone is unlisted?
11. Will the office be open on Saturdays?
12. If we deliver this, do we have to deliver it to the specified male
or female? How about children or help?
13. Do we have to come to the park district or can we call?
14. What do we do if they are out of town?
15. What if you cannot find them at home by Saturday at 5:00 P.M.?
16. Do we have to switch letters if there is not the designated in-
dividual in the household?
17. Do you want us to do anything else if they have not filled out the
questionnaire by second call?
18. In case they should lose the questionnaire, what do we do?
19. What has been the return in other surveys which have been done?
The volunteers were asked to have the questionnaire distributed by Satiarday
noon, April 8. Each volunteer was instructed to call the ten homes on his
or her list on Tuesday, April 11, asking if the recipient had filled out the
form and mailed it to the University. If the questionnaire had not been
filled out or mailed, a follow-up call was scheduled for Tuesday, April 18.
The names of 57 of the 60 volunteers are indicated on the Special Acknowledge-
ment page in the front of the report. Each packet distributed to each house-
hold contained a letter about the survey, the survey questionnaire, and a
postage paid envelope addressed to the University of Illinois. Each individual
was asked to mail the completed questionnaire to the University of Illinois
Department of Recreation and Park Administration Field Service.
YOUTH QUESTIONNAIRE DISTRIBUTION: Permission was granted by the two New
Trier Township High Schools, New Trier East, Winnetka, Illinois and New
Trier West, Northfield, Illinois, for the Glencoe Park-Recreation Administra-
tor to spend a day in each school for the purpose of distributing and
administering the questionnaire. New Trier West was visited on April 6, 1967,
10
and New Trier East on April 7, 1967. Announcements were made at the begin-
ning of each hour of the school day to Glencoe students encouraging them to
come to a designated room and participate in the survey. The participation
was poor and only 150 high school students from the two schools filled out
the questionnaire.
Not having an adequate sample, a mailing on May 16 to the entire Glencoe
student enrollment in both schools (1,000 in number) was made. Students
having already filled out the questionnaire were excluded from this mailing.
Through the cooperation of Principal Norm Erickson and upper-school Principal
Gretchen Thomas, the survey questionnaire was administered on April 10, 1967,
to a random sample of social studies classes. Two hundred fifty of the 500
seventh and eighth graders filled out the questionnaire with an equal balance
between boys and girls.
MATHEMATICAL CONCEPTS *
STATISTICS
GENERAL: For the uninitiated, the word "statistics" usually conjures up
mental images of numbers piled upon numbers in imposing arrays of tables,
of volume after volume of figures pertaining to births, deaths, taxes, popu-
lation, income, debts, and credits. This is because in common usage the word,
"statistics" is synonymous with data, as for example, in common usage when
we speak of the statistics of a football game or of the statistics relating
to automobile accidents on our streets and highways. This is not the con-
notation of a word that describes modern statistics, nor does this image
give any clue to the activity of present day statisticians who can no longer
be defined simply as collectors and tabulators of numerical facts.
In the modern sense, statistics and statisticians are concerned with the de-
velopment and application of methods and techniques for collecting, analyzing,
and interpreting quantative data in such a way that the reliability of con-
clusions based on the data may be evaluated objectively in terms of probabil-
ity statements. . .About the time of World War II a new concept, statistical
decision, was introduced. This concept is brought about so that everything
that is currectly part of the subject matter of statistics may be considered
Discussion concerning statistics and mathematical concepts adapted fromHuntsberger 's "Elements of Statistical Inference."
11
a special case. From the decision theory point of view, statistics is a body
of knowledge that is used for making the best possible decisions in the face
of uncertainly.
DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS: Statistical methods have been mainly used for descrip-
tive purposes and for the organization and summation of numerical data.
Descriptive statistics covers the tabulation of data, its presentation in
graphic or pictorial form and the calculation of descriptive measures. Sta-
tistical data obtained by means of a census, a sample survey, or an experi-
ment usually consists of raw, unorganized sets of numerical values which
contain definite amounts of information. However, before these data may be
used to make inferences about phenomenon under investigation, therefore the
basis for a decision, they must be summarized and the pertinent information
extracted. The amount of information required, naturally, depends upon the
uses that will be made of it.
INFERENTIAL STATISTICS: Modern uses of statistical methods are primarily
concerned with statistical inference. As long as we refrain from making
generalizations based on the calculation measures, we are only describing
what we observe. But as soon as we make an inductive generalization from the
sample about the population, we have passed beyond description and have en-
tered the realm of inference. For example, a local newspaper reporter ques-
tioned 25 Glencoe residents concerning their opinion of a proposed municipal
tax increase. Eighty per cent or 20 Glencoe residents responded in favor
of the tax increase, one can be 95% confident that the portion of voters
in favor is between 54% and 91%. This, of course, may not be sufficiently
dynamic, but it is statistically sound.
Statistical methods are almost mandatory when our data are obtained from a
repetitive process, and the process is such that successive values obtained
under the same conditions are not all the same, but exhibit some degree of
variation.
DATA INTERPRETATION METHODS: Each chapter in this report contains charts,
tables, and/or figures. Each chapter from Chapter 3 to Chapter 12 consists
of information from a group of questions included on the questionnaire. Each
12
question's analysis in the chapter is separate from any other survey question.
For each question there is a written text explaining what the question
attempted to ask, how the question was responded to, and an interpretation of
the table or tables of data obtained from each question.
Per centArea Frequency of Sample
1 171 41.0
2 107 25.7
3 139 33.3
417 100.0
This table indicates that Area 2 had 107 individuals in the adult sample.
These 107 individuals made up 25.7% of the adult sample. All percentages in
this report, unless otherwise indicated on the table, are percentages or
parts of the whole (adult 417 or youth 679) sample.
MEANS AND CONFIDENCE LIMITS: When we work with numerical data and their
frequency distributions, it soon becomes apparent that in most sets of data
there is a tendency for the observed values to group themselves about some
central value. This phenomenon, referred to as central tendency, seems to
imply that some central value is characteristic of the data and may be used
to describe the data in the sense that it locates the "middle" of the dis-
tribution. The statistics we calculate for this purpose are measures of
location, also called measures of central tendency. For a given set of data,
the measure of location we use depends upon what we mean by middle, different
definitions giving rise to different measures.
All of us are familiar with the concept of the mean or average value. When
we read about and speak of batting averages, grade point averages, mean annual
rain fall, the average weight of a catch of fish, and the like. In most cases,
the term average used in connection with a set of numbers refers to their
arithmetic mean. For the sake of simplicity in this report, it will be called
13
the mean. An example of a mean used in this report may be found in the adult
sample analysis Table 3-3. Table 3 - 3 is a graphic representation of the
education-grades completed by Glencoe adults. On the horizontal axis of
the graph are grades completed. On its vertical axis is the frequency or the
total number of individuals. Each grade 10 to 17 is listed with a bar graph
indicating the number of individuals who have comple ted each grade from
10 through 17. By adding the grade completed of all individuals and dividing
by the total number of individuals, we obtain the mean grade of school
completed which is 15.20 years. In making an inference concerning the Village
of Glencoe, it could be that the mean or average of school years completed
by a Glencoe adult would be 15.20 years.
MISSING DATA: Each questionnaire had a total amount of data needed to make it
complete. On several questionnaires in both the adult and the youth sample,
the information was incomplete. Several adults and youths failed to answer
all of the questions on the questionnaire. By leaving a question blank on the
questionnaire, the individual's response to this question on the IBM data card
is left blank. This means that the individual did not respond but in order
to make the information complete, it is necessary that all columns in the
questionnaires have some data listed for each question.
The procedure used to supply information where the individual failed to
respond was having all the columns in the IBM data card counted to find the
total number of questions left blank on each questionnaire. The computer
then tabulated the percentage for each questionnaire of questions unanswered.
More than 10% of the items on the questionnaire left blank were cause to
have the questionnaire removed from the sample and discarded as unusable.
This was done to the Glencoe sample and only those cards in both the adult
and youth that were discarded were data cards for questionnaires that were
returned completely blank. All of the other questionnaires had less than
10% incomplete information.
OPEN-ENDED QUESTIONS: Several questions on both the adult and youth question-
naire asked a question similar to, "What recommendations do you have for
existing park facilities and recreation programs in Glencoe?" Under the
14
question there was space for the individual to list his recommendations. This
is considered an open-ended question as the possibilities for answers are
unlimited. It was necessary, in order to machine tabulate the data from the
responses to these types of questions, to make a random tabulation of the
responses to the questions and choose six of the most frequently mentioned
activities and then code these activities for keypunching. Two questions, one
from the adult questionnaire and one from the youth questionnaire which were open-
ended have been completely hand tabulated to reveal the total frequency of
responses to the question. It was found that these two questions did not
reveal any significant categories other than those listed or obtained in the
random tabulation of the questionnaires. It was not considered useful to go
back through all the questions and perform the same type of hand tabulation
as the effort expended and cost would not justify the effort involved.
15
PART TWO - ADULT SAMPLE ANALYSIS
CHAPTER THREE - ADULT SAMPLE CHARACTERISTICS
INTRODUCTION: The adult sample was obtained by distributing questionnaires
to 600 of the approximately 2,800 separate residences in the Glencoe Park-
Recreation District. The usable return was 417 questionnaires. From this
data, it was found that the average age of the respondent was 44.20 years
with an age range from 24 to 77 years of age for the individuals who filled
out the questionnaires. One hundred seventy-six or 42.2% of the 417 respondents
were male heads of households, causing a slight female bias as 57.3% or 239
respondents were the female of the household. This large difference in male-
female relationship is possibly attributed to the time at which these
questionnaires were delivered. Other possible explanations for the female
bias could be that the questionnaires were delivered by females.
The basic information that makes up the community characterisitics or demo-
graphic data of the sample such as neighborhood area sample size
the relationship of the sample data to the U. S. Census data, the education in
grades completed, the family income, the number of children per family under
15 years of age, the ownership of certain household items, are all included
in this section's analysis. Each one of these sections will be listed
separately with a corresponding table or chart of data.
AREA SAMPLE SIZE (Table 3 - la+b) : With reference to information contained
in Chapter 2, the community was divided into three neighborhood areas. Area 1
was East of Chicago and Northwestern Railroad, which had a return of 171 or
41% of the adult sample. Area 2, which was west of the Chicago and North-
western Railroad and north of Park Avenue, had a return of 107 or 25.6% of the
adult sample. Area 3, which was west of the Chicago and Northwestern Railroad
and south of Park Avenue, had a return of 139 or 33. 3%. of the adult sample.
There is a range, or difference from high number to low number, of about 65
respondents between the three areas.
16
From initial results of the statistical analysis of the data, and because of
the great similarity in the demographic variables between Area 1, 2, and 3,
it was felt that for the remainder of the report separate data analysis for
each area was not warranted. Because of the close social and economic
averages of the areas and the similarity of Glencoe as a community in a
larger socio-economic structure of the suburban areas, the data has been
analyzed on the total sample only.
UNITED STATES CENSUS DATA (Table 3 - 2) : The 1960 United States Census
Data has been shown here as a basic comparison for the demographic variables.
Basically, no discussion is needed of this information as it is considered
useful only for comparison measures. Glencoe Area 1 is the same as Census
Tract NTT-1 and Areas 2 and 3 divide in half Census Tract NTT-2 . Categories
from the census data that can be compared are total population, married
couples, school enrollment, years of school completed, and family income.
EDUCATION - GRADES COMPLETED (Table 3 - 3) : Each individual was asked to
circle the number of years of education he had completed from 1 to 16 or more
years. The mean grade of school completed by the adults was 15.2 years which
is high when compared to other communities. This educational level is
significant as it is felt that the wise use of leisure has some correlation
with the amount of an individual's education. Interpretation of Table 3-3shows that 141 individuals have completed 16 or more years of schooling and
the 141 individuals are 33.8% of the total sample.
INCOME (Table 3 - 4) : The mean family income of respondents was approximately
$25,000. Each individual was asked to show how much income the family had
last year. They were to include the amount earned by all adults who resided
within the household. The categories were $5,000 - $10,000, $10,000 - $20,000,
$20,000 - $30,000, and over $30,000. It was felt that the over $30,000 final
bracket was not sufficient for this community as a higher figure has been
reported from other studies of the community. A higher average income would
have been possible if higher income brackets were listed as response alternatives.
This average family income is important to the planning of park and recreation
programs in that a philosophy, or concept, must be developed on whether to
17
go to increased taxes or to have the individual families pay more for the
selected use of certain types of programs and facilities. This average
family income will have some effect on this concept as these individuals
can choose and pay for the programs and activities in which they wish to
participate. Table 3-4 shows that 109 individuals indicated that their
family made between $20,000 and $30,000 per year. These 109 individuals
were 26.1% of the adult sample.
NUMBER OF CHILDREN PER FAMILY UNDER 15 YEARS OF AGE (Table 3 - 5) : Each
individual was asked to indicate the number of children living at home in
the following age groups: 1-5 years old, 6-11 years old, and 12-14 years
old. The mean number of children in the 1-5 years old bracket per family
was .43 or roughly one half. The mean number of children in the 6-11 years
old bracket per family was .78 or roughly one child in this category per
family, whereas the mean number of children in the 12-14 years old age
bracket was .50 per family. This data shows that each family contained,
on an average, one half to one child. This table does not show, though, the
number of families that had individuals in each one of these categories. An
interpretation of this shows that roughly 25% of all the families had either
a child in the 1-5, 6-11, or 12-14 years old age bracket. In comparing this
data with the total Glencoe Park-Recreation District population and multi-
plying it times the 2,800 single family residences, one could derive some
indication of the various sizes of the age groupings. An interpretation of
Table 3-5 shows that 103 families have one child in the 6-11 age bracket
and these 103 individuals are 24.7% of the total adult sample. Also, five
families indicated that they had three children between the ages of 12 and
14 years old within their family. These households are 1.1% of the total
sample.
OWNERSHIP (Table 3-6): Each respondent was asked to check the items,
(i.e., a home, television, car, or boat) of which they owned at least one.
It was found that 96.8% of the respondents owned their own home and 97.8%
owned at least one automobile and 98.87o owned at least one television set.
The lowest per cent ownership was that of a boat and no distinction was
made about the size of the boat. 18.2% of the respondents indicated that
they owned a boat. We find that much of this information is felt to be
18
common knowledge, but the degree of certainty of common knowledge here again
is greatly increased. We can say that the majority, or 96%, of the people
own their own home and therefore have some usable space surrounding their
home for certain types of recreation activity. This also indicates that
97% own an automobile in which they can go back and forth to recreation or
leisure pursuits. With 98% of the respondents owning a television set, it
would seem in the time-use study that more people would be watching tele-
vision than indicated. Not enough information is available from the boat
ownership question to provide a basis for a decision on boating programs.
Boat ownership may be related to several other questions which will be
discussed later.
CHAPTER THREE SUMMARY: The demographic variables, or the characteristics of
the community of Glencoe, indicate that it is a homogeneous socio-economic
unit in which many characteristics of the three neighborhood areas are roughly
equivalent. It would be very difficult to make a distinction between any
one of these three neighborhoods
.
By comparing the demographic data to the 1960 Census data, there is an
indication that a sample which is characteristic of the total Glencoe Park-
Recreation District has been obtained and that there is a basis to draw
inferences about the total community.
The data reveals that a fairly proportionate sampling exists from each area
with results which show that the average education, or average grade of
school completed, is 15.2 years; the average family income is $25,000 per
year; the average number of children one half to one child in the three age
groups per family; and roughly 95% or more own either a home, car, or tele-
vision and 20% own their own boat.
19
TABLE 3 - la
AREA SAMPLE SIZE
Total Adult Sample
Glencoe, Illinois
AREA 2
West of Chicago and NorthwesternRailroad and North of Park Avenue
107/25.7%
Park Avenue
AREA 3
West of Chicago and NorthwesternRailroad and South of Park Avenue
139/33.3%
AREA 1
East of Chicago and NorthwesternRailroad
171/41.0%
Total: 417
[^^^^I &oif Courses
21
TABLE 3
Table P-1. GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE POPULATION, BY CENSUS TRACTS: 1960(p. 101)
Glencoe, Illinois
Subject
Race and Country of Origin
Total Population
White
Negro
Other Races
Area 1
Tract NTT-0001
2,955
2,791
156
8
Area 2 and 3
Tract NTT-0002
7,517
7,003
499
15
Born in Puerto Rico
Puerto Rican Parentage
Total Foreign Stock
Foreign Born
Native, For. or Mixed Parentage
Married Couples
With Own Household
With Own Children Under 6
With Own Children Under 18
With Husband Under 45
With Own Children Under 18
Unrelated Individuals
Persons Under 18 Years Old
Living with Both Parents
1,099
200
899
703
684
188
466
241
226
212
1,081
1,048
2 ,572
514
2 ,058
1 ,789
1 ,745
507
1 253
798
747
586
2 929
2 806
School Enrollment
Total Enrolled, 5 to 34 Years Old
Kindergarten
Public
949
52
41
2,323
150
134
22
TABLE 3-2 (Page 2)
Subject
Elementary (1 to 8 Years)
Public
High School (1 to 4 Years)
Public
College
Area 1 Ar ea 2 and 3
Tract NTT- 0001 Tract NTT-0002
548 1,478
434 1,384
291 621
242 561
58 74
Years of School Completed
Persons 25 Years Old and Over
No School Years Completed
Elementary: 1 to 4 Years
5 to 7 Years
8 Years
High School: 1 to 3 Years
4 Years
College: 1 to 3 Years
4 Years of More
Median School Years Completed
1,754
5
19
50
93
135
279
465
708
14.9
4,347
16
36
132
330
353
924
974
1,582
14.2
Residence in 1955
Persons 5 Years Old and Over, 1960
Same House as in 1960
Different House in U.S.
Central City of This SMSA
Other Part of This SMSA
Outside This SMSA
North and West
South
Abroad
Moved, Residence in 1955 Not Reported
2,749
1,430
1,237
534
489
214
172
42
47
35
6,868
3,589
3,186
1,431
1,215
540
355
185
51
42
23
TABLE 3-2 (Page 3)
Subject
Area 1
Tract NTT-0001
Area 2 and 3
Tract NTT-0002
Family Income in 1959
All Families
Under $1,000
$1,000 to $1,999
$2,000 to $2,999
$3,000 to $3,999
$4,000 to $4,999
$5,000 to $5,999
$6,000 to $6,999
$7,000 to $7,999
$8,000 to $8,999
$9,000 to $9,999
$10,000 to $14,999
$15,000 to $24,999
$25,000 and Over
Median Income: Families
Fam. & Unrel. Indiv.
723 1,,866
17 44
8 8
. . . 25
4 58
9 53
5 67
12 71
4 47
12 71
72
105 262
202 461
345 627
$24,183 $18 ,362
$19,248 $12 ,711
24
TABLE 3-3
EDUCATION - OlADES COMPLETED
Total Adult Sample
Glencoe, Illinois
oa0)
3C0)
uP4
150
125
100
75
50
25
1
10
1
11
Per cent (.24) (.24)
25
I12 13 14
(7.4) (5.9) (13.9)
(21ADES COMPLETED
No Response - 3 or .719%
Mean Grade of School Completed: 15.20
(11.5)
141
25
TABLE 3-4
INCOME
Total Adult Sample
Glencoe, Illinois
$5-10,000 $10-20,000 $20-30,000
Per cent (9.1) (23.7) (26.1)
INCOME
Mean Family Income Was Approximately $25,000
$30,000 or more
(41.0)
26
TABLE 3-5
NUMBER OF CHILDREN PER FAMILY UNDER 15 YEARS OF AGE
Total Adult Sample
Glencoe, Illinois
Number of Children
1-5 Years Old
Total 287 85 39 6
68.8 20.3 9.3 1.4
Mean Number of Children 1-5 Years Old/Family = .43
6-11 Years Old
Total 217 103 69 26 2
52.0 24.7 16.5 6.2 .48
Mean Number of Children 6-11 Years Old/Family - .78
12 - 14 Years Old
Total 255 118 39 5
61.1 28.2 9.3 1.1
Mean Number of Children 12 - 14 Years Old/Family = .50
27
TABLE 3-6
OWNERSHIP
Total Adult Sample
Glencoe, Illinois
Per cent Owning Home 404/417
96 . 88%
Per cent Owning Automobile 408/417
97.84%
Per cent Owning Television 412/417
98 . 80%
Per cent Owning Boat 76/417
18.22%
28
29
CHAPTER FOUR - ADULT TIME-USE PATTERNS
INTRODUCTION: This chapter contains information concerning adult time-use
patterns. Essentially a time budget has been developed for which the indivi-
duals have indicated how they use the amount of time they have available
during the day. This survey was mainly concerned with the amount of time the
adults spend working, attending meetings, doing volunteer work, watching
television, and most importantly, time available for recreation.
Current trends of leisure indicate that the amount of time available for
recreation is increasing because of the shorter work week and the lessening
of other requirements for existence and subsistence. Most important to the
Glencoe Park-Recreation District is the indication of time available for
recreation. From this time-use data, it can be generalized who is available
for recreation programs during certain periods of the day. The response to
this question gives some indication as to the number of individuals who are
available or who would wish to participate in recreation during a certain
time period.
AREA AND TOTAL SAMPLE TIME-USE MEANS (Table 4 - 1) : In the initial stages
of data analysis, the adult time-use means for the three areas were compared
with the total sample means for the four main time-use questions. These
questions were hours working per week, hours per week attending meetings,
hours per week doing volunteer work, and hours per day watching television.
The hours working per week in Area 1, Area 2, and Area 3 were equal. It
is shown that the hours per week attending meetings do not differ consider-
ably nor do the hours per week doing volunteer work. The hours per day
watching television are closely related; however, it is felt that they are
not really a significant period of time. This is approximately one and
three fourths hours of television watching per day. It was felt because of
these similarities that the comparison of time-use patterns by areas would
not add sufficient information to be valuable to the study.
WORKING - HOURS PER WEEK (Table 4 - 2) : There is a considerable amount of
range in the number of hours worked per week. The range(i.e., the difference
30
between the highest and the lowest value) is considered quite great and it
is significant in that the mean is roughly 44 hours per week, but only
indicating 26.85% worked between 35 and 44 hours. What is highly signifi-
cant is that 72.33% of the sample indicated that they worked a time period
from 35 hours per week and up. This is a very high percentage. The high
percentage might possibly result from the respondents being asked to indicate
the number of hours that they worked in an average week. If they did some work
at home related to their job, they were to include these hours. Housewives
or female respondents were asked to figvu-e the time spent doing dishes,
cleaning, laundry, and similar type jobs. We have no idea how many house-
wives, or 57.3% of the total adult sample, included total time spent in the
house as time working. Interpretation of Table 4-2 would indicate that
48 individuals indicated they worked between 55 and 64 hours per week and
these 48 individuals were roughly 11.5% of the total adult sample. An
inference from the descriptive data would be that 72.33% of the population
of Glencoe adults work approximately 35 or more hours per week.
ATTENDING MEETINGS - HOURS PER WEEK (Table 4 - 3) : Glencoe adults indicated
that they spent, on an average, one hoiar per week attending meetings. Approxi-
mately 28% of the adult sample indicated that they attended no meetings in an
average week. They were asked about how many hours do you spend attending
meetings like the PTA, community meetings, or those related to your work, and
any other meetings you attend because it seems like "your duty" to attend?
Approximately 250 or 59.9% indicated that they attended between one and five
hours of meetings per week. Only nine individuals or 2.1% of the population
indicated they attend meetings between ten and fifteen hours per week. This
is a considerably high number of hours, but a relatively small percentage
of the population. There is approximately one half of the Glencoe population
who do attend, in an average week, between one and five hours of meetings.
This indicates a great community attendance record. Data interpretation of
Table 4-3 indicates that 39 individuals attended between six and ten hours
of meetings in the average week. These 39 individuals were approximately
9.37o of the total adult sample.
31
VOLUNTEER WORK - HOURS PER WEEK (Table 4-4): Each respondent was asked to
Indicate how many hours in an average week he or she spends doing church work,
synagogue or other volunteer service like Boy Scouts, Girl Scouts, and the
like. The mean number of hours was .72 which was roughly three quarters of
an hour of time spent doing volunteer work per individual in the community.
Roughly 41% indicated that they did not do any volunteer work in an average
week, but 47% indicated that they did between one and five hours of volunteer
work per week in an average week. This indicates that a very high percentage of
individuals presently do volunteer work and might provide a great reservoir
of volunteers to assist in park and recreation programing. A data interpre-
tation of Table 4-4 would indicate that seven individuals were roughly
1.6%> of the total adult sample. Additionally the table would indicate that
roughly 8% of the population of Glencoe Park-Recreation District do between
six and ten hours of volunteer work in their community in an average week.
WATCHING TELEVISION - HOURS PER DAY (Table 4 - 5) : The respondents were
asked, "On the average, how many hours a day do you watch television?" They
were asked to circle either none, |, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 or more. The mean
number of hours watching television was 1.48 or roughly one and one half
hours per day. Approximately 52% indicated that they watch between one half
to one hour of television per day. Approximately 30% indicated that they
watched two or more hours of television in an average day. Interpretation
of Table 4-5 indicates that 14 individuals said that they watch approxi-
mately four hours of television in an average day and these 14 individuals
were approximately 3.3% of the total adult sample.
TIME AVAILABLE FOR RECREATION (Table 4 - 6) : Each respondent was asked to
indicate the time or times that they would be available for recreation activity.
This question is considered very important in the time-use behavior factors
because it indicates exactly when adults are available for recreation activities.
However, it does not mean that if a specific program was offered at that time
that it would attract this exact percentage of adults. The adults indicated
that this time period was available, but possibly was allocated to household
functions or work activities. The average day was divided into five time
periods. 28.7% of the adults indicated that they had the time period between
9 and 12 noon available. In the afternoon period between 1 and 3 P.M., 35.2%
of the adults indicated that they had this time period available.
32
CHAPTER FOUR SUMMARY: The responses by the individuals indicate that on the
average they work approximately 44 hours per week with roughly 12% working
more than 35 hours in an average week. Residents spend on the average one
hour per week attending meetings which they feel they are obligated to attend
and do approximately three quarters of an hour of volunteer work per week.
They also, on the average, watch one and one half hours of television in an
average day. Important also is that 25% of the adult sample indicated that
they had no time between 9 A.M. and after 8 P.M. available for recreation
activities. This means that 75% of the sample had one of five time periods
(i.e., 9-12 A.M., 1-3 P.M., 3-6 P.M., 6-7 P.M., after 8 P.M.) available to
participate in recreation activities. This data is quite helpful in scheduling
recreation programs and facility operations.
-'\
33
TABLE 4-1
ADULT TIME-USE CHARACTERISTICS
Total Adult Sample
Glencoe, Illinois
Area 1 Area 2 Area 3 Total
Hours per week working (mean). 44.00 44.00 44.00 44.00
Hours per week attending meetings (mean). .92 .79 .90 1.00
Hours per week doing volunteer work (mean). .83 .62 .50 .72
Hours per day watching television (mean). 1.34 1.47 1.65 1.48
34
TABLE 4-2
HOURS WORKED IN AN AVERAGE WEEK
Total Adult Sample
Glencoe, Illinois
Number of Hours Frequency Per cent
0-14 37 8.87
15 - 24 31 7.43
25 - 34 47 11.27
35 - 44 112 26.85
45-54 100 23.98
55 - 64 48 11.50
65 and up 42 10.00
35
TABLE 4-3
HOURS PER WEEK ATTENDING MEETINGS
Total Adult Sample
Glencoe, Illinois
Number of Hours Frequency Per cent
117 28.00
1-5 250 59.90
6-10 39 9.30
10-15 9 2.10
15 and up - 1 .24
36
TABLE 4-4
HOURS OF VOLUNTEER WORK PER WEEK
Total Adult Sample
Glencoe, Illinois
Number of Hours Frequency Per cent
174 41.70
1-5 198 47.40
6-10 34 8.10
10 - 15 1.60
15 and up 4 .95
37
TABLE 4-5
HOURS PER DAY WATCHING TELEVISION
Total Adult Sample
Glencoe, Illinois
umber of Hours Frequency Percentage
43 10.300
J - 1 220 52.700
2 100 23.900
3 32 7.600
4 14 3.300
,719
6 or more 4 .959
38
TABLE 4-6
TIME AVAILABLE FOR RECREATION
Total Adult Sample
Glencoe , Illinois
28.7% of Adults Have9-12 A.M. Available
120 Yes
297 No
35.2% of Adults Have
1 - 3 P.M. Available
147 Yes
270 No
23.5% of Adults Have3 - 6 P.M. Available
98 Yes
319 No
39
TABLE 4-6 (Page 2)
TIME AVAILABLE FOR RECREATION
23% of Adults Have7-8 P.M. Available
40.2% of Adults Have8 P.M. and After Available
96 Yes
321 No
168 Yes
249 No
25.1% of Adults Have None'
of These Times Available
105 Yes
312 No
41
CHAPTER FIVE - ADULT LEISURE BEHAVIOR
INTRODUCTION - The adult leisure behavior patterns, especially patterns indi-
cating the activities that the adults participated in during the last 30 days
and during the last year, are felt to be very important for measuring the total
leisure behavior of the respondents. (It must be remembered the April date
of the distribution of the adult questionnaire.) In the month of April many
of the summer activities were not yet available and many of the winter activi-
ties had just ended. Also, it must be remembered that the last year would
cover from April, 1966, to April, 1967, and that the indoor recreation pat-
terns would possibly be remembered more accurately than the past summer's
outdoor recreation participation.
Also included in this section are what the adults listed as the other leisure
activities in which they participated. Activities that they would like to
do more have also been listed with some indication of the reasons for not
presently participating in these listed activities. Respondents were asked
to list their private club membership and to indicate their use of selected
facilities operated by the Glencoe Park-Recreation District.
The activity participation should be evaluated as an indication of past
behavior and not an indication of what individuals would like to do in the
future
.
ACTIVITIES PARTICIPATED IN DURING THE LAST 30 DAYS (Table 5 - 1) : Each re-
spondent was asked to indicate the number of days, during the last 30 days,
on which they did each activity that was listed. Twelve different activities
were listed for the 30 day time period. These activities are activities of
an indoor nature, activities that an individual could do by himself, or
activities where he attended some type of a group event. The data indicate
that the most frequent activity of the twelve on a one day basis was reading,
whereas the least frequently participated in activity on a one day basis was
participation in dramatics. Table 5-1 indicates the amount of participation
for one day and for 15 or more days in the last 30 day time period. Eighty-
three of the individuals read at least one day in the last 30 days . Approximately
42
29% of the same individuals read 15 or more days in the 30 day period. If
we roughly group these 12 activities, the top few activities could be considered
primarily social activities. A second grouping would be physical, and the
least frequent on a one day period were the cultural activities. The one day
participation rate indicates a total frequency where the 15 or more day rate
indicates intensity of participation. It must be remembered that some of these
activities would fluctuate considerably if there had been a large community
effort in any one of these activities in the last 30 days. For instance, if
a large dramatic production had been put on by a community dramatics group,
the participation in dramatics in the last 30 days probably would be in the
middle or close to the top in ranking. Data interpretation of Table 5-1would indicate that 30% of the adult sample had spent some time on furniture
refinishing or woodwork and 1.4% of the adult sample indicated that they spent
15 or more days doing some type of furniture refinishing and woodworking.
ACTIVITY PARTICIPATION DURING THE LAST YEAR (Table 5 - 12) : Respondents were
asked how often they did certain activities that are usually done during
a certain season of the year. They were asked, for example, if they played
tennis during the summer and went ice skating during the winter. They were
asked to think back and indicate the number of days that they participated in
each listed activity during the last year. Summarized in Table 5-2 are the
activities participated in during the last year on a one day basis and 35 or
more days during the last year. One day participation would indicate that
Glencoe adults did this activity at least once during the last 365 day period.
A seasonal sport participated in 35 or more days would indicate they did it
at least two or three times a month or once every other day for the two month
seasonal period. Some of the activities listed were available in the community
and some were not available. The time period available to participate in the
activity may not have coincided with the respondents' free time period. Again,
it is obvious that activities participated in during the last few months may be
recorded more accurately than activities participated in toward the beginning
of the twelve month period.
Swimming outdoors ranked number one with 76.5% of the adult sample indicating
they swam at least one day last year. Playing handball ranked number 18, or
last, with only 4.6% indicating that they played handball at least once last
43
year. Although some activities ranked lower than others, the intensity of
35 or more days for some of the one-day lower ranked activities was much
higher than for some higher one-day ranked activities. These participation
figures also give some indication as to what activities are, "Well, I'll do
them once or twice during the season and feel satisfied that I have done
them." Indications were that fishing, ice skating, and picnicing are acti-
vities that rate high on the one day frequency, but rate very low on the 35
or more frequency. Other activities, such as swimming outdoors, hiking or
walking for pleasure, and playing tennis outdoors have high intensity parti-
cipation figures.
In Appendix C the frequency participation rates for all the frequency brackets
listed on the questionnaire (i.e., none, 1, 2, 3-5, 6-10, 11-15, 15-25, 25-35,
over 35) are summarized. This summarized data can be used as is explained in
Appendix C to indicate the total participation in activities by Glencoe Park-
Recreation District residents.
The data interpretation of Table 5-2 would be that 16.4% of the sample
indicated that they camped out overnight, whereas only 0.48% indicated that
they camped out 35 or more days.
OTHER LEISURE ACTIVITIES (Table 5 - 3) : Some individuals possibly did some
activities that were not listed on the questionnaire Each respondent was
asked to list those other activities that he or she did during his or her free
time and which were not mentioned on the list. This was an open-ended ques-
tion in that the individuals could list any activities. It must be remembered
that the research assistant went through and picked out six of the most
frequently mentioned activities. These activities were gardening, sewing,
household repair, writing, painting, and bridge playing. Some of these
activities were also listed on the 30 day or total year list, however the
respondents felt that they had to list them again. The only highly significant
percentage of individuals listing an activity was that of gardening. 14.2%
of the sample indicated that they did some form of gardening or horticulture
work. Sewing was indicated as an activity by 9.1% of the adult sample and
the other four activities were less than 5%. Forty-four per cent indicated
that they participated in some other type of activity. This 44% for other
activities is not considered high as the possibility of respondents listing
44
any activity would indicate that a participation level for a specific activity
could be very low. An activity such as household repair could possibly be
included in one of the other activities listed on the 30 day or total year
listing.
It is felt that writing, even though a low percentage, is possibly a large
activity of interest for a small percentage of the population. Interpretation
of the data on Table 5-3 would indicate that 2.6% of the adult sample, in
response to the question of what additional leisure activities did they parti-
cipate in indicated some type of painting.
ACTIVITIES I WOULD LIKE TO DO MORE (Table 5 - 4) : Each individual was asked
to list any recreation activities that they do not presently do but in which they
would like to participate. One hundred ninety-two or 48.4% of the adult sample
listed some type of activity. The reason for nonparticipation were, "not enough
time," "just not interested," "don't know how," or "activity not available."
The idea of "not enough time" was considered the second most important
reason for not participating. The category, "just not interested," was a
distractor to screen out those individuals that really would not like to do
these activities. "Don't know how" was considered the least important reason
for nonparticipation. This would indicate that they felt that they could
learn the skill if some place was available where they had reasonable assur-
ance they could participate in the activity. The greatest reason for non-
participation was that the activity was not available. This "activity not
available" criteria was significant for many activities and must be inter-
preted in the sense that possibly the facility was not available and that
the activity was not available, or instruction for the activity was not
available. The activities listed, that they would like to do more were
swimming indoors, physical fitness course, ice skating, swimming outdoors and
arts and crafts.
PRIVATE CLUB MEMBERSHIP (Table 5 - 5) : On each questionnaire each respondent
was asked if he belonged to a private club. Examples such as the Country
Club, Curling Club, and Tennis Club were listed on the questionnaire, however
no restriction was placed on whether or not this was strictly a leisure time
or activity club. Approximately 58% of the respondents indicated that they
did not belong to a private club. This is a considerable percentage of the
45
adult sample and would have some implications as to the general belief that
many activities should not be provided by the Glencoe Park-Recreation District
because they are already provided to the community by private club facilities.
RANK USE OF SELECTED FACILITIES (Table 5 - 6a) : Each respondent was asked to
rank in order, one through eight, the facilities used most by his or her family
in the past year. A rank of one indicates most used; a rank of eight indicates
least used facility. The facilities to be ranked were the Glencoe Beach,
Watts Skating, Central Ice Rink, Watts Center, Watts Park, North Park Baseball
Diamond, Shelton Park, and the Wild Flower Sanctuary, Individuals ranked all
areas and ordered them one through eight. Roughly 6% of the sample did not
respond to this question. Data for this question are summarized in Table 5 - 6a,
not only for how often each facility is used, but each one of the facili-
ties has been ranked so there is some indication of the use of each facility.
Because certain percentages and certain ranks were very close, an inverse
ranking system was used which is illustrated in this section showing how we
took the frequency for the first four ranks, or the four through eight ranks,
multiplied them by an inverse point system to arrive at an arbitrary score.
The facilities are then listed by this arbitrary score. An example of the
first three ranked facilities is given to indicate how the ranking of these
facilities was reached. The relative ranking of facilities is indicated by
the charts. Refer to Table 5 - 6b.
Ranking Score System:
Beach
Rank 1 = 4 X 293 = 1,172
2 = 3 X 77 = 231
3 = 2 X 17 = 34
4 = 1 X 9 = 9
Watts Skating
Rank 1 = 4 x 20 =
2 = 3 X 228 =
3 = 2 X 98 =r
4 = 1 X 11 =
1,446
80
684
196
11
Central Ice Rink
Rank 1 = 4 x 38 = 152
2 = 3 X 219 = 657
3 = 2 X 108 = 216
4 = 1 x 15 = 15
1,040
968
46
The Glencoe Beach was the most used facility during the past year. However,
the rank of two and three to the Ice Skating Rinks indicates their high use.
The Watts complex was the next most used facility, the Wild Flower Sanctuary
being the least used facility. Three hundred eighty-five out of the 417
respondents, or 92.3%, indicated that they frequently use some other facility
in the community. This 92% indicates that some other facilities might pos-
sibly have been listed or that the use of a specific name for a facility shows
a larger per cent of participation rather than just listing the name of the
activity
.
Table 5 - 6b gives some indication of the largest percentages of the adult
sample who indicated what the relative rank should be.
Central Ice Rink was highly correlated with geographical area ( . 316) as was
the North Park Baseball Diamond (.440) and Shelton Park (.565). These high
relationships indicate that these facilities are closely associated in use
by residents of an immediate geographical area. These facilities were more
used possibly by individuals in the immediate area. These facilities also
had a high relationship with each other so that if some individuals used one
facility, they probably used a comparable facility or adjacent facility.
Examples would be the Watts Park and Watts Skating in relationship with the
Watts Center.
A data interpretation of Table 5 - 6b would indicate that Central Ice Rink
was the second most used facility with the largest percentages, more indi-
viduals ranked it first, second and third as the most used facility.
CHAPTER FIVE SUMMARY: In analyzing the adult leisure behavior, we find that
the most participated in activities during the last 30 days were: reading a
book, attending club or organization meetings, and attending plays or concerts.
The most participated in activities during the last year were; went swimming
outdoors, hiked or walked for pleasure, and went driving for pleasure.
Gardening, sewing, and household repair were three other leisure activities
that were listed in an openended question by the adult respondents. The
respondents indicated that they would like to do outdoor and indoor tennis,
outdoor and indoor swimming, ice skating, and cultural activities. The most
significant reason for nonparticipation in activities which they would like
to do more was that the activity was not available. By activity, it could
47
possibly mean that both the facility and the individuals or the organized
group was not available. The private club membership in the community is
roughly 42% which means that 58% of the adult sample responded that they did
not belong to a private type of club. The ranking of the use of facilities
showed that the beach was the most used with the ice skating complexes the
second most used facilities and Watts Center and Park being the next most
used. The Wild Flower Sanctuary was the least used of the selected facilities,
Also, 92% of the sample indicated that they use other types of facilities in
Glencoe
.
48
TABLE 5-1
ACTIVITIES PARTICIPATED IN DURING THE LAST YEAR
Total Adult Sample
Glencoe, Illinois
Rank Activity One Day 15 or More Days
1 Read a book
2 Attended club or organization meeting
3 Attended plays or concerts
4 Attended movies
5 Attended art shows or museums
6 Played games like cards, checkers,
monopoly
7 Attended some sport event
8 Spent time on furniture refinishing,woodworking
9 Attended adult education classes for
recreation purposes
10 Played a musical instrument
11 Did some painting or drawing
12 Participated in dramatics
83.0
72.7
66.5
65.8
60.2
59.8
37.0
30.0
22.8
22.6
17.8
6.5
29 .49
1 .67
.24
.48
.24
2 .60
.24
1.40
.48
2.80
1.90
1.90
49
TABLE 5-2
ACTIVITIES PARTICIPATED IN DURING THE LAST YEAR
Total Adult Sample
Glencoe, Illinois
lank Activity One Day 35 or More Days
1 Went swimming outdoors
2 Hiked or walked for pleasure
3 Went driving for pleasure
4 Went on picnics
, 5 Went boating
6 Played golf
Went bicycling for pleasure
Went ice skating
Went swimming in an indoor pool
Played tennis outdoors
Went fishing
Went bowling
Played billiards
Played tennis indoors
Went snow skiing
Camped out overnight
Went Hunting
Played Handball
7
8
9
1
.2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Per c ent
76.5 17.90
68.9 10.70
63.6 7.60
58.8 0.71
49.2 5.70
46.0 9.10
44.2 4.70
38.2 0.48
35.5 2.60
32.2 6.70
31.2 0.71
29.1 4.30
21.9 0.48
21.8 5.20
18.5 0.48
16.4 0.48
8.4 0.24
4.6 0.24
50
TABLE 5-3
OTHER ACTIVITIES
Total Adult Sample
Glencoe, Illinois
Rank Activity Per Cent
1 Gardening 14.2
2 Sewing 9.1
3 Household Repair 3.8
4 Writing 3.5
5 Painting 2.6
6 Bridge Playing 1.6
7 Other Activities 44.6
51
TABLE 5-4
"ACTIVITIES I WOULD LIKE TO DO MORE"
Total Adult Sample
Glencoe, Illinois
Activity
Reason For Not Participating
Not Enough Do Not Know Activity NotTime How Available
No Response 225
Swimming (Indoor)
Physical Fitness Course
Ice Skating
Swimming (Outdoor)
Art and Crafts
Boating
Outdoor Tennis
Indoor Tennis
Dancing
Sailing
Golf
Volleyball
Handball
Basketball
Bowling
Community Center
Snow Ski
Tobogganing
Horseback Riding
Water Skiing
Steam Bath
Painting
Fishing
Trampoline
5
3
6
2
4
5
18
3
2
1
17
1
1
5
1
3
1
2
5
5
1
1
1
1
g
3
7
1
7
2
2
32
17
15
15
10
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
4
4
4
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
2
2
,ss-«--
52
TABLE 5-4 (Page 2)
ActivityNot Enough Do Not Know Activity Not
Time How Available
Foreign Language
Squash
Gymnastics
Bicycling
Flying
Archery
Walking
Ice Hockey
Judo
Picnic
Physical Education for Older Couple
Scuba Diving
Rifle and Skeet Range
Roller Skating
Lecturing
Bridge
Home Management Courses
Viewing Sports Events
Ping Pong
Rifling
Interior Decoration
Sewing Class
Playing Piano
Chorus Group
Ballet
Football
Softball
Musical Group
Photography
Gym
Ski
Guitar Lessons
2
1
2
3
1
2
1
2
2
5
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
53
TABLE 5-4 (Page 3)
ActivityNot Enough Do Not Know Activity Not
Time How Available
Sports Car
Chess
Travel
Reading
Orchestra
Camping
Hiking
Curling
1
1
1
1
2
4
2
1
1
2
54
TABLE 5
PRIVATE CLUB MEMBERSHIP
Question: Do you belong to a private club?(country, ciorling, tennis, etc.)
Total Adult Sample
Glencoe, Illinois
Result Total
Yes 172
41.2%
No 242
58 . 0%
No Response 3
. 719%
Conclusion: Approximately 58.0% responded that they did not
belong to a private club.
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57
TABLE 5 - 6b
HIGHEST USE OF SELECTED FACILITIES
Total Adult Sample
Glencoe, Illinois
FacilityInverse Ratio Score
For Rank One to Four
Beach 1,446
Central Ice Rink 1,040
Watts Skating 968
Watts Center 833
Watts Park 801
North Park Baseball 583
Shelton Park 548
Wild Flower Sanctuary 354
59
CHAPTER SIX - ADULT LEISURE BEHAVIOR ATTITUDES
INTRODUCTION: Several questions have been grouped together which deal more
with leisure behavior attitudes than with actual leisure behavior or with
attitudes toward the community. These questions include opinions about both
programs and facilities offered by or in the district. These questions are
very important in the planning and development of future programs and acti-
vities in the district. It is felt that these questions give some insight
into specific attitudes towards facilities and programs and give a concrete
basis on which some facilities can be constructed and upon which programs
should be planned.
ADDITIONAL PROCKAMS AND FACILITIES AT WATTS CENTER (Table 6 - 1) : Each re-
spondent was asked what additional facilities and programs they would like to
see at Watts Center. This was an openended question which asked for any
possible response. The response analysis of this question was difficult in
that 18 or 4.3% had written in underneath the question the response, "not
familiar with Watts Center." Also 227 or roughly 54% indicated that they
had no response to this question. This leaves 41% of the sample who indicated
that there was some program or facility that they would like to have added to
the Watts complex. The activities have been ranked with an indoor and outdoor
swimming pool being mentioned 40 times or by 9.59% of the adult sample. The
other activities listed were an ice skating rink, art classes, drama classes,
bowling, and ice hockey. Thirty-three per cent of the respondents indicated
some other activity should be added. Two important points are the indication
that 5% of the population is not familiar with Watts Center and that certain
facilities and programs have been mentioned for possible addition to the Watts
complex.
AQUATIC OPPORTUNITY (Table 6 - 2a-3) : The adults were asked to indicate if
their children had ample opportunity to take swimming lessons, participate
in competitive swimming, participate in competitive diving, participate in
scuba diving, and participate in water ballet. These are very specialized
activities within the total aquatic opportunity area and, as the data
60
indicated in Table 6 - 2a, approximately 30 to 50% of the total sample in-
dicated either a not true to a slightly true response indicating that their
children did not have ample opportunity to participate in these aquatic
activities. Especially significant is the indication that 30% of the parents
did not feel that their children had opportunity to take swimming lessons.
An interpretation of Table 6 - 2a indicates that 151 individuals, or 36.2%,
indicated that it was only slightly true that their children had an opportunity
to participate in competitive diving.
SUMMER PLAYGROUND OPINION (Table 6 - 3a-c) : This question attempted to in-
vestigate how many families had sent children to private day camps and some
of the reasons why they had chosen the private day camp rather than the
Glencoe summer playground program. Fifty-three per cent of the adult sample
indicated that they had sent a child to a private day camp, This is slightly
over half of the families in Glencoe. The reasons for the choice of a pri-
vate day camp were more comprehensive program (68.87o), more facilities were
available (54.6%), and offered a full day program (54.6%).
Table 6 - 3a indicates the percentages of response to the question. Table
6 - 3b shows that 99 respondents, or 44.0%, chose a private day camp because
transportation was provided. Table 6 - 3c indicates graphically the percent-
age of reasons for choice of a private day camp.
RECREATION FACILITIES MOST USED OUTSIDE GLENCOE (Table 6 - 4) : Each Glencoe
adult was asked, "What recreation facilities do you use most outside of
Glencoe?" Three hundred twelve or 74.8% responded to this question. This
was a very high response to an open-ended question. The facilities mentioned
most often, as obtained from a random tabulation of questionnaires, arec indoor
and outdoor swimming pools, golf courses, indoor and outdoor tennis courts,
beaches and boating facilities, concerts, theatre, movies, and bowling alleys.
One hundred three individuals, or 25% of the total adult sample, indicated
that their most used facility outside Glencoe was an indoor or outdoor swim-
ming pool. Approximately 19% of the total sample indicated that they either
use golf courses or indoor and outdoor tennis courts outside of Glencoe. The
other three facilities, beaches and boating facilities, concerts, and bowling
alleys are still considered a high percentage of facility use outside of
Glencoe. One hundred sixty-three individuals listed some other type of facility
for a total of 39%.
61
FACILITIES AND PROGRAMS MOST NEEDED IN GLENCOE (Table 6 - 5) : On the adult
questionnaire, immediately after the question, "What recreation facilities do
you use outside of Glencoe?," was the question, "What recreation facilities
and programs do you feel are needed in Glencoe?" Two hundred fifty-one or
60% of the audits responded to this question. The facilities and programs
chosen from a pilot survey are indoor and outdoor swimming pool, indoor and
outdoor tennis, ice skating rinks, teen center, beaches and boating facilities,
and little league baseball. Indoor and outdoor swimming pool, indoor and
outdoor tennis courts, beaches and boating facilities were also the three
most mentioned facilities used outside of Glencoe. So approximately 24%
said that they used an indoor and outdoor swimming pool outside of Glencoe
and approximately 26% said that they would recommend or feel that an indoor
and outdoor swimming pool is needed in Glencoe. 11.7% felt that indoor and
outdoor tennis courts are needed. Approximately 10% felt that ice skating
rinks were needed. A low 8.8% felt teen-age centers were needed and approxi-
mately 6.7% felt that beaches and boating facilities were needed. The little
league baseball league percentage was too small to really be conclusive. One
hundred thirty-four individuals or 32% indicated that they would recommend
some other type of facility or program.
RECOMMENDED IMPROVEMENTS IN FACILITIES AND PROGKAMS (Table 6 - 6) : This was
the third question in a series and each adult was asked, "What improvements
would you recommend for other existing park and recreation facilities and
programs in Glencoe?" Approximately 167 or 40% indicated a response to this
question. Again, remember that 75, 60 and now 407o in this third of a series
responded to this question The recommendations that were taken from a pilot
survey were, improve beach facilities, improve indoor and outdoor tennis
courts, construct an artifical ice rink, construct indoor and outdoor swim-
ming pool, develop summer playground program, provide teen center, and other
recommendations. The data on Table 6-6 indicates the percentages and fre-
quency with which most people recommended these other areas. These percent-
ages are felt quite high since they have many times been the third time that
this has been mentioned. For example, an individual would have indicated in
question 24, "What recreation facilities do you use most outside of Glencoe?,"
and then repeated if he felt that this same facility was a needed facility or
program in Glencoe, and he mentioned it a third time if he felt that it was
also an improvement for existing park and recreation facilities in Glencoe.
62
This question alone and the frequency and percentages with which these
facilities are recommended should in no way be used as a planning priority
listing. This question and this series of questions must be considered with
all other planning considerations.
CHAPTER SIX SUMMARY: Adult questionnaire analysis resulted in definite and
conclusive opinions concerning various facility, program, and services of
the Glencoe Park-Recreation District. Approximately 5% of the adult sample
were not familar with Watts Center. In the response for recommendations for
additional programs and facilities at Watts Center, only 41% of the adult
sample responded. Swimming pool, ice rink, and art classes were the highest
percentage mentioned for additional programs and facilities at Watts Center.
The answers regarding the aquatic opportunities for children in the community
indicated that adults felt it was mostly true that their children had the
opportunity to take swimming lessons, but that it was only slightly true that
their children had an opportunity to participate in competitive swimming and
diving and that it was from not true to slightly true that they had the
opportunity to participate in scuba diving and water ballet. In the summer
playground opinion attitude question, 53.97o said that they had sent or do now
send a child to a private day camp. Sixty-eight per cent of the total sample
said that they sent the child to a private day camp because the program was
more comprehensive. Also the offering of a full day program and that more
facilities were available were the two other major reasons why Glencoe adults
chose a private day camp rather than the Glencoe summer playground program.
In the three questions concerning facilities and programs usage, the first
question received 74% response in that adults said that they used the indoor
and outdoor swimming pools, golf courses, and indoor and outdoor tennis courts
as the most used facilities outside of Glencoe. Also high percentages for the
beaches and boating facilities, concert, theatres, movies, and bowling alleys
were received. Facilities and programs that were suggested as most needed in
Glencoe were Indoor and outdoor swimming pools, indoor and outdoor tennis
courts, and ice skating rinks.
Only 40% of the Glencoe adults responded to the question, "What recommended
improvements would you make concerning the existing park and recreation
63
facilities in Glencoe? Improving the beach facilities, improving the tennis
courts, and constructing an artifical ice rink were the three highest per-
centage responses for recommended improvements. The data in this chapter should
have definite implications in planning for park facilities and recreation
programs in the Glencoe Park-Recreation District.
64
TABLE 6-1
ADDITIONAL PROGRAMS AND FACILITIES AT WATTS CENTER
Total Adult Sample
Glencoe, Illinois
Frequency Per cent
Response to Question:
Not Familiar with Watts
No Response
Response
18
227
172
4.31
54.43
41.24
Programs and Facilities Listed:
Swimming Pool
Ice Rink
Art Classes
Drama Classes
Bowling
Ice Hockey
Other
40
31
17
8
7
2
138
9.59
7.43
4.07
1.91
1.67
.48
33.09
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TABLE 6 - 3a
SUMMER PLAYGROUND OPINION
Glencoe Adults
Question: Do you now send or have you eversent your child to a private day camp?
53.950
25
Total
Yes 225 53.9%
No 132 31.6%
No Response 60 14.3%
(Percentage of Sample)
Conclusion: 53.9% indicated that theysent or have sent a childto a private day camp.
31.6
14.3
1Yes No No Response
72
TABLE 6 - 3b
REASONS FOR CHOICE OF A PRIVATE DAY CAMP
Total Adult Sample
Glencoe, Illinois
If you now send or have sent a child to a private day camp (53.9% or 225 out
of 417 indicated they had) , check (x) two of the reasons why you chose a private
day camp rather than the Glencoe summer playground program.
Reasons for Choice
Program Is More Comprehensive
Offered a Full Day Program
More Facilities Were Available
Transportation Provided
Leadership Is More Qualified
More Individual Attention
Meal Was Provided
Frequency Per cent
145 68.8
123 54.6
123 54.6
99 44.0
94 41.7
89 39.5
62 27.5
Percentage of 225, not 417 total sample,
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74
TABLE 6-4
RECREATION FACILITIES MOST USED OUTSIDE GLENCOE
Total Adult Sample
Glencoe, Illinois
Frequency Per cent
Response:
No Response
Response
105
312
25.180
74.820
Facilities Used:
Indoor and Outdoor Swimming Pools
Golf Courses
Indoor and Outdoor Tennis Courts
Beaches and Boating Facilities
Concerts, Theatre, Movies
Bowling
Other
103
79
76
43
39
27
163
24.700
18.940
18.225
10.310
9.350
6.470
39 . 080
75
TABLE 6-5
FACILITIES AND PROOIAMS MOST NEEDED
Total Adult Sample
Glencoe, Illinois
Frequency Per cent
Response:
No Response
Response
166
251
39 . 800
60.190
Facilities and Programs:
Indoor and Outdoor Swimming Pool
Indoor and Outdoor Tennis Courts
Ice Skating Rinks
Teen-age Center
Beaches and Boating Facilities
Little League Baseball
Other
111 26.610
49 11.700
42 10.070
37 8.870
28 6.710
3 .719
134 32.130
76
TABLE 6-6
RECOMMENDED IMPROVEMENTS
Total Adult Sample
Glencoe, Illinois
Reconunendation uency Per cent
44 10.55
32 7.67
31 7.43
23 5.51
12 2.87
5 1.19
98 23.50
Improve Beach Facilities
Indoor and Outdoor Tennis Courts
Artifical Ice Rink
Indoor and Outdoor Swimming Pool
Develop Summer Playground Program
Provide Teen Center
Other Recommendations
No Response
Response
250
167
59.59
40.04
77
CHAPTER SEVEN - ADULT ATTITUDES TOWARD COMMUNITY
INTRODUCTION: It is important in planning any list of priorities for future
development and expenditure of public funds, that planners know the attitudes,
opinions, and feelings of the individuals for whom they are planning and the
suggested priorities of programs to be developed. In designing facilities
and programs for leisure, some measurable level of sufficiency should exist
which has been obtained from those for whom the facility is developed.
Answers to some of the questions asked the residents, reported in this chapter,
have specific implications for an existing facility or program. Other ques-
tions are very general and should be considered as general value statements.
In this section an initial data summary is given and then each question is
answered at the bottom of each graph. Each section in this chapter consists
of either a table or a graph.
CHAPTER SEVEN SUMMARY: Adults' answers in response to questions asked on how
they feel about the community of Glencoe gives some indication of the broad
value of the park facilities and recreation programs offered. Glencoe adults
felt that it was slightlj' true to mostly true that Glencoe has better park
facilities than most other communities. The reaction to this question does
not give either a strong positive or negative answer. Approximately equal
percentages, 257o, said that it is not true that Glencoe has better park
facilities and approximately 25% said it is very true that Glencoe has better
park facilities than most other communities.
Glencoe adults felt that it was a little more than slightly true that Glencoe
has better recreation programs than most other communities. The 1.16 average
is less than the 1.66 average for the question of whether Glencoe had better
park facilities.
A mean of 1.55, mid-way between slightly true and mostly true, was the response
to "l am satisfied with the park facilities we have in Glencoe." Equal per-
centages indicated, approximately 27%, that this statement was not true,
whereas 24% said that this was very true.
78
Glencoe adults felt that it is only slightly true that they are satisfied
with the recreation programs available in Glencoe. The mean response of
1.19 indicates a negative reaction to this question.
In response to the question asking if the Glencoe beach is too crowded, the
mean average of 0.88 indicated that it was only approximately slightly true
that the Glencoe beach is too crowded. Approximately 50% said that is is
not true that the Glencoe beach was too crowded.
In response to the question, "The recreation programs are well worth the
cost," the mean response of 1.75 indicates that it is mostly true that the
recreation programs are well worth the cost. The percentages of responses
seem to increase toward the very true scale.
The attitude toward the park system indicated, with a mean average of 1.88,
that the Glencoe adults felt that the park system is well worth the cost.
79
TABLE 7-1
SUMMARY OF ADULT ATTITUDES TOWARD COMMUNITY
Total Adult Sample
Glencoe, Illinois
NotTrue
SlightlyTrue
MostlyTrue
VeryTrue
A. Glencoe has better park facilities thanmost other communities. 23.9 11.7 38.8 25.8
B. Glencoe has better recreational programsthan most other communities. 37.1 21.3 29.2 12.2
C. I am satisfied with the park facilities wehave in Glencoe. 27.0 14.3 34.2 24.2
D. I am satisfied with the recreation pro-
grams we have in Glencoe. 39.3 17.2 28.0 15.3
E. The Glencoe beach is too crowded. 44.4 26.6 9.8 14.1
F. Glencoe has a sufficient number of tenniscourts.
G. The recreation programs are well worth thecost
.
44.6 19.1
23.9 11.5
23.2 12.9
/
29.9 34.5
H. The Glencoe park system is well worth the
cost
.
19.4 11.7 30.2 38.6
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89
PART THREE - YOUTH SAMPLE CHARACTERISTICS
CHAPTER EIGHT - YOUTH SAMPLE CHARACTERISTICS
INTRODUCTION: The youth sample was composed of students in the junior high
school grades 7 and 8 and the Glencoe students in New Trier East and West
High Schools grades 9, 10, 11, and 12. The greater return from the junior
high school will tend to lower the age and bias the results of the data and
the inferences. The youth sample consists of 362 males or 53.3147o against
317 females or 46.686%. This chapter will discuss the neighborhoods that the
youth are from, their age, item ownership, grade in school, and allowance per
week.
AREA SAMPLE SIZE (Table 8-1): The sample total of 679 students divides
into areas with 235 or 347o of the sample from Area 1 (east of Chicago and
Northwestern Railroad) . Area 2 (west of Chicago and Northwestern Railroad
and north or Park Avenue) contained 266 youth, or 39.1% of the youth sample.
Area 3 (east of the Chicago Northwestern Railroad and south of Park Avenue)
had 178 or 26.2%i of the youth sample. The return was highest from Area 2 with
Area 1 and then Area 3. However, it is felt that the questionnaire return
percentages are similar enough to give a relative equal distribution and that
the other demographic variables indicate a homogeneous sample. The youth sample
should be and is treated as one total sample rather than divided into three
different areas.
AGE (Table 8-2): The mean age of the total student sample was 14.75 years.
The largest age grouping was 14 with 139 students or roughly 20% of the sample.
The distribution of students age 13 and 15 is equal with the distribution of
age 16 students being a little more than age 12. The greatest percentage of
the students are from age 13 to age 17 as this was the chosen sample. The
average of 14 years indicates a youth group that has just completed junior high
school and just entered high school.
90
GRADE IN SCHOOL (Table 8 - 3) : The average grade of the youth respondent was
9.15. This roughly indicates that the average student is a high school fresh-
man. There is a decreasing percentage from the freshman sample to the senior
sample which is approximately one third the size of the freshman, whereas, the
freshman and the eighth grade are relatively equal in number. It is felt,
with the possible exception of the senior class, that there was a sufficient
number of students at each grade level to give a representative sample.
OWNERSHIP (Table 8 - 4) : Each student was asked to indicate what items he owned.
The items were car, television set, record player or tape recorder, and a boat.
A qualification must be placed on the results of this question in that many of
the students indicated on their questionnaire that they did not personally own
this item (it belonged to their mother or father) , but that the youth either
had exclusive or high percentage use of the item. The youth indicated that 12%
or 83 of the sample has or owned an automobile. This percentage of youth owning
automobiles must be considered in the light of the fact that only 250 of the 679
students were age 16 or older and thus, by law, allowed to use an automobile.
It is also possible that many students indicated that they did not own a car even
though they have exclusive use of a car. The percentage of students owning
television was high with 35% or 239 students indicating that they owned a tele-
vision set. 79.9% of the students indicated they owned a record player or a
tape recorder. These 543 students may possibly have a tape recorder or record
player for their own personal or exclusive use. Students will normally indicate
that they do own a record player or tape recorder even though this record player
or tape recorder was financed by the parents. Boat ownership was very low with
only 7,9% or 54 of the 679 indicated that they owned some type of a boat. Many
youth might have exclusive use of a family boat during most of the boating season
whereas other students might have a small personal sailing boat.
ALLOWANCE (Table 8 - 5) : Glencoe youth indicated that they had an average
allowance of $3.85 per week. The highest percentage of students from the sample
or 25% of the students said that they had $5.00 per week to spend. 13 students
indicated that they had $10.00 or more to spend per week, but this is insignificant,
It is possible that the students did not include as allowance that money needed for
91
obligations such as school lunch, transportation, or other weekly requirements.
CHAPTER EIGHT SUMMARY: The 679 students that comprised the Glencoe youth
sample had a mean age of 14.7 years. Fifty-three per cent of the youth sample
was male and the average student's grade in school was 9.15 years. All of the
students indicated that 12% of them owned automobiles, 35% owned a television,
79% owned a record player or tape recorder and only 7.9% owned a boat. The
students had at their disposal an average allowance of $3.85 per week to spend
as desired.
Due to the distribution and grade level of the students in the neighborhood
areas included in the sample, it is felt that the data obtained is valid and
generalizations about Glencoe students' leisure attitudes, interests, and be-
havior can be made.
92
TABLE 8-1
AREA SAMPLE SIZE
Total Youth Sample
Glencoe, Illinois
AREA 2
jst of Chicago and Northwesternlilroad and North of Park Avenue
266/39 . 1%
Park Avenue
AREA 3
3st of Chicago and Northwesternlilroad and South of Park Avenue
178/26.2%
AREA 1
East of Chicago and NorthwesternRailroad
235/34.6%
Total
:
679
10 I 0.2%
11 iO.1%
19 0.4%
93
TABLE 8-2
AGE
Total Youth Sample
Glencoe, Illinois
Age Per cent Frequency
12 |9.7% 66
13 15.9% 108
14 20 . 4% 139
15 17.2% 117
16 16.0% 109
17 14.4% 98
18 l5% 34
Mean Age: 14.74 Years Old
94
TABLE 8-3
GRADE IN SCHOOL
Total Youth Sample
Glencoe, Illinois
(16.7)
Average Grade in School: 9. 15
Qualification:
95
TABLE 8-4
OWNERSHIP
Total Youth Sample
Glencoe, Illinois
Youth Who:
Own Car
Own Television
Own Record Player
Own Boat
Per cent
12 . 20%
35 . 19%
79 . 97%
7.95%
Number
83/679
239/679
543/679
54/679
96
TABLE 8-5
ALLOWANCE PER WEEK
Total Youth Sample
Glencoe, Illinois
Amount in Dollars Frequency Per cent
No Response 38 5.590
$ 1 128 18.850
2 105 15.460
3 67 9.860
4 57 8.390
5 172 25.330
6 30 4.410
7 26 3.820
8 22 3.240
9 2 .295
10 20 2.940
11 1 .147
12 1 .147
13 2 .295
15 1 .147
17 1 .147
18 1 .147
20 2 .295
25 2 .295
29 1 .147
30 1 .147
Average Allowance Per Week: $3.85
97
CHAPTER NINE - YOUTH TIME-USE PATTERNS
INTRODUCTION: It is extremely important in planning for park and re-
creation activities that we have some idea of the time-use patterns of the
youth. The amount of time they devote to certain activities and at what
times of the day they have commitments of free time are useful information.
The four time-use patterns for youth used in this study were the hours in
school, hours working, hours attending meetings, and hours per day watching
television. By adding the averages of these foiu* time-use patterns we find
a total mean of 14.9 hours consumed in an average day. Adding an additional
eight hours for sleep gives a total of 22.9 hours consumed. In an average day,
therefore, 1.1 hours remains unconsumed. This is a small amount of time which
is considered unobligated especially when considering the needs for an
individual's personal housekeeping and subsistence. These data do not give
any information on what specific time periods are available for recreation,
particularly on the weekend. (The questions are considered to be more relevant
to the Monday morning to Friday night time period.)
HOURS IN SCHOOL ON AN AVERAGE DAY (Table 9-1): Each youth was asked,
"How many hours do you spend in school?" They were to include the amount
of time that they spent traveling to and from school and the amount of time
they spent doing school homework after shcool hours. The mean number of
hours per individual spent in school activity was 9.48. This is a consider-
ably high amount of time-use engaged in school activities. However with some
knowledge of the community and corresponding to the average grade completed
by the adults, it is quite evident that in this community there is an emphasis
on intellectual development. The greatest percentage, or 207 students, in-
dicated that they spent nine hours of time doing some type of school activity.
This 207 is approximately 30% of the youth sample.
HOURS WORKING IN AN AVERAGE WEEK (Table 9 - 2) : The mean number of hours
working for each youth was 2.0 hours. 44 . 7% or 304 youth, indicated that
98
they only worked, on an average, one hour per week. Each student was asked,
"in an average week, how many hours do you spend working?" Students were to
include both the hours that they worked at home and the hours when working at
outside jobs. They were not to include school homework in this category. It
seems evident that the 44% who indicated they only work one hour probably are
students working in the home. Whereas the students working more than nine
hours are more likely employed outside the home.
HOURS ATTENDING MEETINGS IN AN AVERAGE WEEK (Table 9 - 3) : Glencoe youth were
asked how many hours in an average week they spend attending meetings and taking
lessons such as for a musical instrument, singing, dancing, practicing for
sports teams or others. They were asked not to include activities that they
did during the regular school day. The youth had an average number of hours
attending meetings of 3.5 hours per week. A very high percentage, 49.4, indi-
cated that they spent from none to three hours per week in either attending
meetings or taking lessons. There was only a relatively small percentage, ap-
proximately 9%, who attended meetings or lessons more than 10 hours per week.
HOURS PER DAY WATCHING TELEVISION (Table 9 - 4) : The youth were asked on the
average how many hours a day they watched television. The mean number of hours
watching television for the youth was 1.57 hours. 44.9% of the youth indica-
ted that they watched between one half and one hour of television per day.
CHAPTER NINE SUMMARY: The youth time-use patterns give some idea of how the
average teen-ager spends his day and week. The four main time commitments
surveyed were school, working, attending meetings or taking lessons, and
watching television. The youth had a mean number of hours in school of 9.48.
This was considered a very high average number of hours attending school and
doing school homework. The youth had a mean number of five hours working in
an average week. This five hours included work at home and working at an out-
side job. The mean number of hours attending meetings or taking lessons which
were not part of a regular school day was 3.5 hours. 49.4%> indicated that
they spent from zero to three hours attending meetings or taking lessons. The
youth indicated that they watched 1.57 hours of television on an average day.
44.9% indicated that they watched from one half to one hour of television per
day.
99
TABLE 9-1
HOURS IN SCHOOL AVERAGE DAY
Total Youth Sample
Glencoe, Illinois
Hours Frequency Per cent
No Response
5
6
8
9
10
11
12
6
6
32
145
207
5
193
85
.884
.884
4.710
21.350
30.480
.736
28.424
12.510
Mean Number of Hours in School: 9.48
12 Hour Day
100
TABLE 9-2
HOURS WORKING AVERAGE WEEK
Total Youth Sample
Glencoe, Illinois
Hours Frequency Per Cent
None to 3
4-67-9
10 - 14
15 - 19
20 or More
No Response
304
181
91
49
20
21
13
44.77
26.65
13.40
7.21
2.94
3.09
1.91
Mean Number of Hours Working: 5.00
12 Hour Day
101
TABLE 9-3
HOURS ATTENDING MEETINGS AVERAGE WEEK
Total Youth Sample
Glencoe, Illinois
Hours Frequency Per cent
None to 3
4-67-9
10 - 14
15 - 19
20 or More
336
183
74
43
18
12
49.48
26.95
10.89
6.33
2.65
1.76
Mean Number of Hours Attending Meetings: 3.50
12 Hour Day
102
TABLE 9-4
HOURS PER DAY WATCHING TELEVISION
Total Youth Sample
Glencoe, Illinois
Hours Frequency Per cent
None
h - 1
2
3
4
5
6 or More
101
305
141
84
24
13
11
14.87
44.91
20.76
12.37
3.53
1.91
1.62
Mean Number of Hours Watching Television: 1. 57
12 Hour Day
103
CHAPTER TEN - YOUTH LEISURE BEHAVIOR
INTRODUCTION: Knowledge of the youth's leisure behavior by the recreation
planning personnel is very important for the future development of parks
and recreation in Glencoe. Although the youth sample is from a small age
span, it is relatively similar in its desires over a period of time.
In this chapter the activities participated in during the last 30 days,
activities participated in during the last year, other leisure activities,
after school leisure behavior, activities that the youth would like to do
more, the reasons for not participating, and the youth's ranking of selected
facilities is discussed.
ACTIVITIES PARTICIPATED IN DURING THE LAST 30 DAYS (Table 10 - 1) : The
youth were given a list of a few activities which many did during their free
time. After each activity they were to check the box in the column which
corresponded to the number of days during the last 30 days they did each of
the 14 activities listed. (The data from this question was tabulated for
participation In activity on a one day basis and on an intensity basis of
participation in the activity-15 days or more.) An activity day means that
the youth did the activity at least once during one day. The activity might
consume an eight to ten hour period or only a half to one hour period.
Ninety-two per cent of the youth indicated that they listened to records, 79%
indicated that they played table games, and 76% indicated that they went to
the movies at least once during the last 30 days. The lowest percentages
were in the cultural activities (i.e., playing a musical instrument, painting
or drawing, attending art shows, and participating in dramatics). The
intensity figure of 15 or more times within the last 30 days indicates that
listening to records, riding in a car for fun, and playing a musical instru-
ment were the most intensely participated in activities. A summary of the
data from this entire question indicating the frequency and proportion of
the students participating in each activity 1, 2, 3, 4, 5-7, 8-10, 11-15,
and over 15 activity days is included in Appendix C.
104
ACTIVITIES PARTICIPATED IN DURING THE LAST YEAR (Table 10 - 2) : Each youth
was asked how often he or she did certain activities that were usually done
during a certain season of the year, for example, tennis during the summer
and ice skating during the winter. They were asked to think back and check
the correct column for the number of days they participated in the activity
during the last year. They were to indicate if they participated either not
at all, 1, 2, 3-5, 6-10, 11-15, 16-25, 26-35, and over 35 days. The youth
questionnaire was filled out during the month of April, 1967j and covered
the period from April, 1966. The most frequently participated in activities
by the youth at least once during the past year were went swimming outdoors,
played basketball, played softball or baseball, hiked or walked for pleasure,
and played tennis. The lowest percentages for activities of the 20 activities
participated in by the youth were went fishing, played handball or squash,
and went hunting. The over-35-day-intensity category indicates that went
swimming outdoors, played basketball, and played softball were the most in-
tensively participated in activities. A complete summary of all the different
activity day categories for all activities is listed in Appendix C. Data
interpretation for activities participated in during the last year shows the
fifteenth ranked activity, played golf, was participated in by 46.4% of the
youth at least once during the last year and 7,51% of the youth indicated that
they played golf over 35 days during the past year.
OTHER LEISURE ACTIVITIES (Table 10 - 3) : Each youth was asked what other
activities he or she participated in during his or her free time that were
not mentioned on previous lists. This open-ended question offered them a
chance to list three additional things and indicate how often they partici-
pated in them. From the results on the student questionnaire, it was evident
that the time period, "how often," could not be tabulated as a majority of the
youth did not indicate how often they participated in this activity. A
presurvey was made of the question and six activities were chosen. It was
found that many of the activities listed in this question were similar, if
not identical, to activities listed in the three previous questions. However,
the activities most frequently mentioned were reading, water skiing, knitting
and sewing, football, soccer, dancing, and parties. There was a 75.9% response
105
to this question. The category, reading, with a 13% choice was an activity
highly participated in by this youth group. Water skiing was also considered
a highly participated in activity with 8.97o of the youth indicating this
activity. The activities, knitting and sewing, football, soccer, dancing, and
parties had a low percentage and are very similar to other activities listed
in the three previous questions. Although 64% of the youth indicated some
other activity that was not tabulated, most of these activities would only
be indicated by approximately 2-3% of the youth sample. The data interpretation
for the table, Other Leisure Activity Participated In by Youth, indicates that
14 youth out of 615 responding to this question, or approximately 2% of the
total youth sample, indicated that they participated in dances and parties
during their leisure time,
AFTER SCHOOL LEISURE BEHAVIOR (Table 10-4): Each student was asked, "On the
days that you do not participate in after school activities, what do you do?"
They were to rank either 1 for that activity they were most likely to do and
2 for the activity that they were next most likely to do. The six possible
activities were to be either ranked 1, 2, or not ranked. Fifty-one per cent
of the youth indicated that if they did not participate in after school activi-
ties, they would immediately go home after school; and approximately 17%
indicated that- going home was the second most likely activity that they would
do. Going to a friend's house was the second most likely activity ranked
number 1. Thirty-seven indicated that going to a friend's house would be the
second most likely activity that they would do after school. Data interpre-
tation shows the sixth, or least ranked activity, going to a lesson, was ranked
the first most likely activity that a youth would do after school by only 26
students or 3.827o of the total youth sample. Fifty-two, or 7.65%, of the
youth indicated that going to a lesson was the second most likely activity
that they would do after school. Five hundred ninety-five, or 87.6%, of the
youth did not rank going to a lesson as a likely activity after school.
ACTIVITIES I WOULD LIKE TO DO MORE (Table 10 - 5) : Many other activities
exist that the youth do not do now, but might eventually like to do. In
response to this question, 60.9% of the students indicated there was some type
of recreation activity that they would like to do now but in which they were
106
not able to participate. If they responded positively to this question,
they were then asked to list activities they would like to participate in
and why they were not participating in these activities now. This open-
ended question offered the students an opportunity to list many different
types of activities. In a presurvey the six most frequently mentioned activities
were chosen and tabulated. The activities most mentioned were organized
baseball, softball, football, basketball, recreation teen center, water skiing
and swimming, and tennis playing and instruction. The possible reasons for
nonparticipation which were listed on the questionnaire were "no time," "just
not interested," "do not know how," and "activity not available." The choices,
"do not know how" and "no time" were seldom chosen and were small indicators
for the reasons of nonparticipation. The category, "just not interested,"
is more an eliminator for those persons that list an activity with no serious
desire to participate in it. The reason for nonparticipation most frequently
marked was the "activity not available." Water skiing or swimming is the most
frequently mentioned activity that youth would like to do more. 15.7% of the
youth indicated this activity was not available to them. Tennis playing and
instruction was indicated by 14 or 2.06% of the youth to be an activity they
would like to participate in more but the activity was not available. There
were other activities listed which were not coded, however, with the low per-
centages for the ones shown here, each of the other activities should amount
to only a very small percentage. The data interpretation for Table 10-5shows that organized baseball and softball was indicated by 12, or 1.76%, of
the youth responding that they had no time to participate in these activities,
whereas 14, or 2.6% of the total youth sample, indicated that organized
baseball and softball was not available to them..
YOUTH RANKING OF SELECTED FACILITIES (Table 10 - 6) : Each youth was to rank
in order 1 through 8 the facilities most used by his or her family in the
last year. They were to indicate with number 1 being the most used facility,
number 2 being the next most used facility, and so forth. It must be realized
that this question asks not only how much they used it, but how much their
family used the facility. The total ranking was determined in the same manner
107
as the adult ranking by taking the percentages indicated in a rank and by
multiplying them by an inverted scale to determine the final ranking of the
facilities. The youth indicated that the most used facility was the Glencoe
beach with 68.9% ranking it number 1. The second most used facility was the
Central Ice Rink with 36.3% of the youth ranking this facility. Watts Center
was the third most used facility with 18.1% of the youth ranking it. Watts
Park was number 4 with approximately 16.3% of the youth ranking it. Watts
Skating was ranked number 5 because of the concentration of its ranking as
fourth, fifth, or sixth. 10.7% indicated Watts Skating as the fifth most used
facility. The North Park Baseball Diamonds were indicated by 12.9% of the
youth sample as the sixth most used facility. Shelton Park was ranked by
18% of the youth as the seventh most used facility. It should be noted that
North Park Baseball Diamond, Shelton Park, and the Wild Flower Sanctuary have
an unusually large last place ranking. It is evident that the Wild Flower
Sanctuary as indicated by 52% of the youth is the least most used facility of
the facilities mentioned in the questionnaire. Besides the delineation
between Watts Park and Watts Skating, the ranking of the facilities by the youth
and their total ranking differentiated the facilities in an observable order,
CHAPTER TEN SUMMARY: The knowledge about youth leisure behavior is important
for the planning of program and facilities to serve the various youth age
groups. The youth indicated that the most participated in activities in the
last 30 days on at least a one day basis were listening to records, playing
table games, and going to the movies. On a more than one day intensity basis,
listening to records, playing a musical instrument, and riding in a car for
fun were the most participated in activities during the last 30 days. The youth
indicated that the activities most participated in during the last year from
April, 1967 to April, 1966, on a one day basis were going swimming outdoors
and playing basketball, softball, and baseball. On an over 35 day intensity
basis, going swimming outdoors, playing basketball, playing tennis, and bicy-
cling for pleasure were the most participated in activities. Other leisure
activities participated in by the youth that were not listed on the question-
naire and which produced a sizable percentage response were reading by 137o of
the youth and water skiing by 8.97o of the students indicating they participated
108
in that activity. The after school leisure behavior, what the students would
do if they were not participating in after school activities, indicates that
51% say the most likely activity would be to go home and 26% indicating that
the next most likely activity would be to go to a friend's house. The lowest
ranked possible activity would be going to a lesson or going to a record store.
Regarding activities which the students would like to do more, the most sizable
percentages were water skiing and swimming with 15% of the students indicating
that they would like to do these activities, although the activities were not
now available to them. Another sizable percentage marked tennis playing and
instruction as an activity was not available to them. The youth ranking of
selected facilities indicated that the Glencoe beach was the most used. Central
Ice Rink was the second most used, and Watts Center was the third most used
facility. The two least used facilities were Shelton Park and the Wild Flower
Sanctuary.
109
TABLE 10-1
ACTIVITIES PARTICIPATED IN DURING THE LAST 30 DAYS
Total Youth Sample
Glencoe, Illinois
Rank Activity Once 16 or More
Per cent92.1 31 . 700
79.1 6.600
76.8 .442
73.3 .884
64.1 7.200
63.6 .442
62.6 .147
62.1 1.910
61.5 10.600
60,1 3.520
53.1 20.020
51.7 8.680
48.9 .147
23.3 4.710
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Listened to Records
Played Table Games
Went to the Movies
Went to a Party
Participated in a New Trier Function
Went to a Dance
Attended a Play
Attended a Sports Event
Rode in Car for Fun
Attended Club or Organization Meeting
Played Musical Instrument
Did Painting or Drawing
Attended Art Shows
Participated in Dramatics
110
TABLE 10-2
ACTIVITIES PARTICIPATED IN DURING LAST YEAR
(April 1967 to April 1966)
Total Youth Sample
Glencoe, Illinois
Activity Once Over 35
Went Swimming Outdoors
Played Basketball
Played Softball or Baseball
Hiked or Walked for Pleasure
Played Tennis
Went Bicycling for Pleasure
Played Volleyball
Went Boating
Played Billiards
Went Swimming Indoors
Went Tobogganing or Sledding
Went Ice Skating
Went Bowling
Went on Picnics
Played Golf
Camped Out Overnight
Went Snow Skiing
Went Fishing
Played Handball or Squash
Went Hunting
93.7
85.0
83.1
81.9
78.5
77.5
77.2
73.5
73.4
71.9
66.7
65.3
62.8
60.9
46.4
45.0
42.0
41.3
28.0
21.2
47.700
22 . 700
16 . 800
9.600
17.500
17.800
10.600
13.100
10 . 300
13.000
2.400
7.060
2.790
1.470
7.510
3.970
6.330
2.350
1.760
.736
Ill
TABLE 10-3
OTHER LEISURE ACTIVITIES
Total Youth Sample
Glencoe, Illinois
Activity Frequency Per cent
Reading
Water Skiing
Knitting and Sewing
Football
Soccer
Dancing and Parties
Other
91
61
26
21
17
14
436
13.40
8.90
3.80
3.00
2.50
2.00
64.20
Response
No Response
Response
158
516
23.27
75.99
112
TABLE 10-4
AFTER SCHOOL LEISURE BEHAVIOR
Total Youth Sample
Glencoe, Illinois
Activity Ranked 1 Ranked 2 Not Ranked
348 116 211
51.20% 17 . 00% 31 . 00%
178 258 237
26.20% 37 . 90% 34 . 90%
72 90 510
10,60% 13.20% 75 . 10%
50 52 571
7 . 36% 7.65% 84 . 00%
32 58 585
4 . 71% 8 . 54% 86 . 10%
26 52 595
3.82% 7.65% 87 . 60%
Go Home
Go to a Friend's House
Have a Coke
Go to an Ice Cream Store
Go to a Record Store
Go to a Lesson
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115
CHAPTER ELEVEN - YOUTH LEISURE BEHAVIOR ATTITUDES
INTRODUCTION: By measuring the youth leisure behavior attitudes, we can
obtain some idea of what the youth age group feels should be done to improve
the facilities and programs in the Glencoe Park-Recreation District. In this
chapter, the questions summarized are: what additional facilities and programs
the youth would like to see in Watts Center, the recreation facilities most
used outside Glencoe, recommendations for facilities and programs most needed
in Glencoe, and the youth's recommended improvements for existing facilities
and programs. In many cases the results from one question will be similar to
the results of another question. This is evident when in the answer to recrea-
tion facilities most used outside Glencoe, the facility mentioned is also rec-
ommended by the youth as a facility most needed in Glencoe. The results of
these questions should be used in conjunction with the activity questions to
determine types of facilities needed and the projected use of each facility.
ADDITIONAL FACILITIES AND PROGKAMS AT WATTS CENTER (Table 11 - 1) : Each youth
was asked, "What additional facilities and programs would you like to see at
Watts Center?" Three hundred twenty-two or 47.4% of the youth sample responded
to this question. Unlike the adult questionnaire, there were no "not familiar
with Watts Center" responses . This was an open-ended question and in the be-
ginning of the tabulation, a presurvey was taken and six frequently mentioned
activities were chosen. The facilities recommended, or programs recommended,
at Watts Center are an indoor pool, bowling alley, ping pong table, minature
golf course, guitar and folk dance lessons, and pin ball machines. In the
youth sample 9% indicated an indoor pool, 3% indicated a bowling alley, and
2% indicated a ping pong table should be added. Two hundred eighty-three other
responses or 4l7o of the youth sample indicated that some other type of program
could be included in the Watts Center. The knowledge of the present Watts
recreation facility and program are unknown to the author or to the individual
who selected the six categories, so possibly some of these facilities or pro-
grams may already exist in the center.
116
RECREATION FACILITIES MOST USED OUTSIDE GLENCOE (Table 11 - 2a+b) : Each
youth was asked, "What facilities do you use most outside of Glencoe?" There
was no stipulation as to type of facility or where it was located. 84.5% of
the sample responded to this question. This again, was an open-ended question
and in a presurvey of the questionnaire, six categories most frequently
found were coded. These categories were swimming pools, bowling alleys, teen-
age dance facilities, tennis courts, museums and movies, and a field house.
It was found from the machine tabulated data that swimming pools were used by
23.5% of the youth sample. Bowling alleys were listed by 16% of the youth
sample, and teen-age dance facilities and tennis courts were listed by approxi-
mately 11% of the sample. In the machine tabulated data, the category, "other
facilities" had a frequency of 467 for 68.7% of the youth sample. With a high
response to the question and with 68.7% listing other facilities, it was thought
valuable to go back through the questionnaires and hand tabulate a frequency
count of all other facilities and types listed by the youth. This hand tabu-
lated data is summarized in Table 11 - 2a. In the hand tabulated data, the
most frequently mentioned facilities were swimming pool and social activity
facility. Several types of facilities or programs were combined under the
category of social activity. Other high activities or facilities listed by the
youth that were not included in the machine tabulated data included bil-
liards listed by 38, golf listed by 50, stores or shopping listed by 43, and
community house listed by 40. The beach facilities were listed by 70 other
students making a total of 220 listing swimming or some type of aquatic facility,
FACILITIES AND PR0C31AMS MOST NEEDED IN GLENCOE (Table 11 - 3) : Each youth
was asked, "What recreation facilities and programs do you feel are needed
in Glencoe?" It was felt that this question, which was asked right after the
most-used-facility-outside-of-Glencoe question, would reveal similar results
since, if a youth used the facility outside of Glencoe, he might recom-
mend that it be consturcted or included in the Glencoe inventory. This was an
open-ended question and six categories were chosen in a pre-survey. The cate-
gories were indoor and outdoor swimming pool, social recreation center,
bowling alley, organized football and baseball, gymnasium, and drama and cul-
tural classes. The swimming pool, both an indoor and outdoor combination, was
listed by 200 or 29.4% of the youth sample. The social recreation center was
mentioned second most frequently with 158 youth or 23.2% of the youth sample
117
indicating that a social recreation center is needed in Glencoe. A bowling
alley, organized football and baseball, a gymnasium, and drama and cultural
classes were also frequently mentioned. The other facilities mentioned by
400 of the youth or 58.9% of the sample were not expected to differ signifi-
cantly from the question concerning the most used facilities outside Glencoe.
RECOMMENDED IMPORVEMENTS IN EXISTING PARK AND RECREATION FACILITIES (Table
11 - 4) : Each youth was asked what improvements he or she would recommend for
existing park and recreation facilities in Glencoe. 53.9%, or 356 students,
responded to this question. This was an open-ended question and in the pre-
survey six categories were chosen. Categories were more tennis courts, more
food concessions at the beach, more organized baseball, more organized basket-
ball, and more bowling alleys. Some youth felt that the existing park facilities
were too bad to be improved and new ones should be built. This type of remark
is frequently just a sarcastic response by a few students, however, 35 students,
or 5.15% of the youth sample, gave this type of response. The youth did not
list which facility or facilities they felt were too bad to be improved. The
percentages for recommended improvements were very small. Many of the youth
had indicated in two previous questions what facilities they used outside the
community and what facilities they felt were needed. These two previous
questions might have caused this low response. Only 53.9% of the youth sample
responded to this question and the response to the other two questions was
well above 707o. However, 6% of the youth indicated more tennis covirts were
needed and 2-3% indicated that more organized baseball, basketball, or bowling
alleys should be provided.
CHAPTER ELEVEN SUMMARY: The youth leisure behavior attitudes give some indi-
cation of what the youth feel should be added or improved in recreation pro-
grams and park facilities in the Glencoe Park-Recreation District. In
response to what additional facilities and programs should be added at Watts
Center, the youth recommended most frequently that an indoor pool, bowling
alley and ping pong table be added. The facilities mentioned by the youth as
being the most used facilities outside Glencoe were swimming pools, bowling
alley and teen-age dance facilities. These three were the results from the
machine tabulated data. In the hand tabulated data other activities that were
118
significant were aquatic activities with a 233 frequency count. The youth
recommended that indoor and outdoor swimming pools, a social recreation center
a bowling alley, a gymnasium, organized football and baseball programs, and
cultural classes were the needed recreation facilities and programs in the
community of Glencoe. Only 53.9% of the youth sample responded to the question,
"what improvements would you recommend for other existing park and recreation
facilities in Glencoe. Six per cent of the youth indicated more tennis courts
were needed. Five per cent indicated that existing park facilities were too
bad to be improved and from 1-3% indicated some type of organized program
should be provided.
119
TABLE 11-1
ADDITIONAL FACILITIES AND PR0(31AMS AT WATTS CENTER
Total Youth Sample
Glencoe, Illinois
Response to Question
No Response
Response
Frequency
353
322
Per cent
51.98
47.42
Facility or Program Recommended Frequency Per cent
1. Indoor Pool
2. Bowling Alley
3. Ping Pong Table
4. Miniature Golf Course
5. Guitar and Folk Dance Lessons
6. Pin Ball Machines
Other
63
21
16
5
4
3
283
9.270
3.090
2.350
.736
.589
.442
41.670
120
TABLE 11 - 2a
RECREATION FACILITIES MOST USED OUTSIDE GLENCOE
Total Youth Sample
Glencoe, Illinois
Facility Frequency Per cent
Swimming Pools 160 23.56
Bowling Alleys 109 16.05
Teen-age Dance Facilities 77 11.34
Tennis Courts 75 11.04
Museums and Movies 51 7.51
Field House 13 1.91
Other 467 68.77
Response
No Response to Question 105 15.46
Response 574 84.53
I
1
121
TABLE 11 - 2b
RECREATION FACILITIES MOST USED OUTSIDE GLENCOE
Total Youth Sample
Glencoe, Illinois
Activity Frequency
Social Activity
Swimming
No Response
Bowling
Tennis
Beach
Skiing (Snow)
Golf
Stores (Shopping)
Community House
Billiard
School Facilities
Horseback Riding
Ice Skating
Boating
Country Club
Restaurants
Gymnasiums
Water Skiing
Museums
Parks
Basketball
Toboggan
Playfield
Art Institute
Track
Baseball
167
150
116
105
83
70
60
50
43
40
38
37
34
30
25
23
19
18
18
16
15
15
15
14
13
13
13
'\BLE 11 - 2b, Page 2
122
Activity Frequency
Camping
Library
Y.M.C.A.
Amusement Parks
Sailing
Football '•
Car Racing
Handball
Bicycling
Fishing
Rif lery
Hiking
Forest Preserve
Hunting
Skeet Shooting
Zoo
Soccer
Gymnastics
Trampoline
Flying
Painting
Harbor
Collecting Fossils
Church Education
Picnic
Aquarium
Curling Courts
Concert
Walking
Squash
Fencing
13
11
10
10
9
8
7
7
7
7
7
6
5
4
4
3
3
3
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
123
TABLE 11-3
FACILITIES AND PROGSIAMS MOST NEEDED IN GLENCOE
Total Youth Sample
Glencoe, Illinois
Facility Mentioned Frequency Per cent
200 29.45
158 23.27
68 10.01
30 4.41
26 3.82
14 2.06
400 58.91
Indoor and Outdoor Swimming Pool
Social Recreation Center
Bowling Alley
Organized Football and Baseball
Gymnasium
Drama and Cultural Classes
Other
Response 541 79.67
No Response 133 19.58
124
TABLE 11-4
YOUTH ATTITUDES TOWARD COMMUNITY
Total Adult Sample
Glencoe, Illinois
Question: What improvements would you recommend for other existing park and recreationfacilities in Glencoe?
Response:
No Response
Response
Frequency
313
366
Per cent
46,.09
53,.90
Improvement
More Tennis Courts
Existing Park Too Bad to Be Improved(Build New Ones)
More Food Concessions at Beach
More Organized Baseball
More Organized Basketball
More Bowling Alleys
Other
41
35
24
23
13
11
301
6.03
5.15
3.53
3.38
1.91
1.62
44.33
125
CHAPTER TWELVE - YOUTH ATTITUDES TOWARD COMMUNITY
INTRODUCTION: Making an assessment of the youth attitudes toward the com-
munity provides a general index of the usefullness or the value of these
facilities and programs to the youth age group. They were given a series of
statements about Glencoe and asked to check the statement on how true they
thought each statement was about their community. The six statements can be
grouped together in pairs of two. Pair one would be the questions, "Does
Glencoe have better park or recreation facilities than most other communities?",
pair two would be, "Are you satisfied with park or recreation facilities and
programs in Glencoe?" , and pair three concerns organization status and
recreation participation outside Glencoe. The results of this data are some-
what similar to the adult sample, however, the youth sample was more definite
and had stronger positive or negative feelings about the statements.
ATTITUDE DATA SUMMARY: Table 12-1 gives a summary of the means and the
percentages for each one of the statements. This summary is provided to give
some total indication of how the youth feel toward the community. An inter-
pretation of this data would indicate that for the statement, "I am satisfied
with the park facilities we have in Glencoe," the mean response was 1.37. The
per cent checking "Not True" was 26.5, the percent checking "Slightly True"
was 26.6, the per cent checking "Mostly True" was 29.8 and 17.2% checked
"Very True."
CHAPTER TWELVE SUMMARY: Although the means and the percentages indicating
each one of the choices on each one of the statements has been given in the
tables of this chapter, it is still valuable to compare youth attitudes to
adult attitudes. The youth felt that it was slightly true to mostly true that
Glencoe had better park facilities than most other communities, however, their
mean response was less by .2 than that of the adults. The youth also felt
that it was less than slightly true that Glencoe has better recreational pro-
grams than most other communities. The difference between the youth and the
adult was roughly .3. The youth felt, on the average, that it was a little
126
more than slightly true that they were satisfied with the park facilities that
they had in Glencoe. Again the difference between the youth and the adult was
about .2. The youth said, on the average, that it was a little less than
slightly true that they were satisfied with the recreation programs they had
in Glencoe. Again the .918 of youth is 1.002 less than the 1.92 response of
the adults. The youth indicated that it was mid-way between slightly true
and mostly true that organizations like the scouts, community centers, and
other agencies were doing a good Job. The youth also indicated that it was
mostly true that much youth participation in recreation activities was done
outside of Glencoe.
I
127
TABLE 12-1
YOUTH ATTITUDES TOWARD COMMUNITY
Total Youth Sample
Glencoe, Illinois
MeanNotTrue
SlightlyTrue
MostlyTrue
VeryTrue
Glencoe has better park facili-ties than most other communities. 1.420 21.1 31.4 29.9 16.8
B. Glencoe has better recreationalprograms than most other com-munities . .938 39.0 33.9 19.3 6.9
C. I am satisfied with the parkfacilities we have in Glencoe. 1.370 26.5 25.6 29.8 17.2
D. I am satisfied with the recrea-tion programs we have in Glencoe. ,918 44.5 26.8 19.0 8.8
E. Organizations like the Scouts,Community Centers, and otheragencies are doing a good job. 1.630 18.1 22.5 34.8 23.7
Most of my participation in
recreation activities is doneoutside of Glencoe. 1.680 23.6 17.8 23.3 34.0
NI
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134
APPENDIX A
«
i
SUMMARY OF UNSOLICITED COMMENTS
135
SUMMARY OF UNSOLICITED COMMENTS
The following comments by both adults and students have been selected as most
representative of the many received. It is not feasible to include all comments,
so we have tried to keep a balance between the neighborhood areas. All of
these are direct quotes with only minor editing such as supplying missing
punctuation and occasionally missing or misspelled words.
All of these comments are unsolicited as we did not provide a space or a blank
asking for any type of additional comments. These comments were written in
the margins or on attached pieces of paper. It should be borne in mind that
people are quicker to condemn than to commend. However, because these were
unsolicited it is felt that these are very deep feelings on behalf of the
individuals who offered these comments.
In total 24 comments were received from the 679 students for a 3.5% response.
For the adults 41 comments were received from 417 for a 9.8% response.
ADULTS YOUTH
Some kind of wind-break or pre-
fab weather shelter at golf coursesledding; off highway parking areathere
.
There should be supervision at all parks.
Shelton Park, where is it, never heardof it.
Umbrellas to rent at beaches; or
some summer permanent sun-shadeunits up all the time.
More rafts ' even if it means morelife guards; some small fiber-glass, 1 man dingys so guards cansupervise rafts and swimmers FROMTHE WATER - not with whistles fromtowers
.
The programs, holiday celebrationsand innovations the Park Board hascreated in the last few years havebeen superb; most imaginative.Any comments herein should neverbe read as criticism - rather that
No additional facilities, many kidsdon't go because they want a recreationcenter of their own, which Watts reallyisn't. Also, not everybody knows exactlywhat facilities Watts does have.
Most deficiencies seem to be because ofa lack of supervisory personnel.
Do more things that high school studentsneed. Keeps crime rate down. Teen-agersneed something like a dance hall.
The beach is very bad.'
The beach is so bad, it's not worth thebeach ticket because of polluted water,
136
ADULTS YOUTH
the increased services offeredhave stimulated an awareness of
how much a good park program canmean to community families.
Glencoe has the most beautiful yet
least used park system - we all
have yards.
No opinion - belong to CountryClub - no small children - large
yard which supplements ParkDistrict
.
Eliminate the Mousetrap for 7thgraders - have 1 or 2 parties for
them without 8th.
We have only lived in Glencoe a
year. Our children's activitiestake place at private school or
club.
We do not use any of the GlencoePark facilities for the verysimple reason our children attendWinnetka Schools and we are geo-
graphically nearer them. We feelwe should be a part of the WinnetkaPark District as they are the oneswe pay to use.
We used playground program - foundit unsatisfactory to a 7 year oldgirl - not stimulating enough.
Our standards are far belowWinnetka, North School, etc. Bigon baseball for a few, nothingelse.
Never heard of Wild Flower Sanctu-ary.
We never use Watts except that onechild went to the summer programlast year. SHE WILL NOT GO THISYEAR .
We are not familiar with presentrange of activities.
rocks, glass, etc.; it's not evenworth wasting time to walk down there.
We need a community house like Winnetka.'
My knowledge of Glencoe 's recreationalfacilities is limited. I am too in-
volved in school activities. However,I have two younger brothers whom therecreational programs effect. Oneparticipates in the 6th grade baseballleague - the other plays tennis - thelatter would prefer more facilities(open tennis courts, handball courts,and basketball) with no parental orteacher interference.
There are a lot of parks but not enoughactivities. The sports I participatein most are tennis and sailing. Glencoehas good (but not as good as Winnetka)tennis facilities, but no boating pro-gram.
Having just moved to Glencoe from thecity (Chicago) , I am not too familiarwith the Glencoe Park District. I onlyknow from applying for a job at the
Park District what its functions are.
I feel, however, the park has much to
offer. I am sorry I didn't receivethis survey at the end of the summer.
I would then be better prepared to fill
it out.
Where is the money coming from for all
this???? (Reference to facilities)
Personally, I think Glencoe needs a
Recreation Center or Y.M.C.A. Highland
Park has two, and most communities have
one. I know a great many people whoagree with me in this
.
Watts isn't big enough inside for much.
Glencoe is the only community along the
North Shore that does not have any
organized hardball leagues or league
for high school boys.
137
ADULTS YOUTH
We are a retired business couplewho have lived and raised a familyin Glencoe. We have virtuallypulled out of activities in Glencoebecause we travel a great deal ofthe time. But we do have a daugh-ter with husband and some fivegrandchildren living here and thushave an interest in maintaining andenhancing recreational activities.During summer months we go to a
summer home. Would be glad if
Watts Center could be made avail-able for gatherings of friends and
neighbors to show a few of our
travel pictures taken in many partsof the world.
It was regrettable that the ice
skating rink east of East GreenBay Road and north of Park Avenuewas closed. This rink had a per-fect natural bowl for making andretaining ice and operated mostsuccessfully for many years.
When the new rink was constructedat Central School, the land was notproperly graded so that the skatingsurface is very unsatisfactory. It
does not form an even layer of iceand the north end is considerablyhigher than the south end. Thewarming house at that rink, pre-sumably because of insufficientpreliminary planning, cost the taxpayer a great deal of money and wascompletely inadequate, the day it
opened, to serve the purpose forwhich it was built.
It would be interesting to know howmuch more was spent these lastcouple of years on the new rink andshelter as compared with the upkeepon the old. For instance, theamount spent on the construction of
the new, inadequate shelter, themoney spent on the poor job of
leveling the ground at the CentralRink and the extra man hours andwatering needed to flood a poorlygraded surface. Also, was the
Winnetka's parks are much prettier andmore pleasant than Glencoe 's. They havelots of trees and flowers. I've onlylived here a few months and I 've neverheard about any recreational programs.I 've never found the need to find outeither
.
A free place for kids to go just toexist - not dancing - just talking,discussing, etc. Something that wouldattract kids to the beach.
Place given to students to manage andsupervise for their own use (a club)
.
There have been kids trying to buy one
.
I think it would be nice to start a
kind of charity program where we couldbring Chicago kids to Glencoe to playand teach (much like head-start inChicago)
.
Watts Center is for little children asfar as I'm concerned.
A program which includes just highschool kids, offers good name bands.
A ski lift for the Beach. Many moreparties (for high school)
.
Have a bigdance (with a big band) at the end of
the summer .'.'
Well, I think Glencoe should get moreparties, like beach parties or using a
bigger place than Watts . If you pub-licized it more, more people would comeand if you had real good bands.
Get rid of the people who run the pro-grams because most of the people areabove 50 and don't understand kidsproblems, drives, and needs.
138
ADULTS
benefit equal to the extra expense as compared to the cost of the upkeep at
the old rink. Could this money have been spent more constructively in another
direction - perhaps in an artificial rink or more tennis courts, etc.
Glencoe's beach is large enough for Glencoe residents but Northbrook and even
Wheeling, Illinois, residents expect to use it too.
As a widow with no children, some of the questions are difficult to answer.
However, I was born and raised in Glencoe and have lived here about 60 years.
Appealing programs such as dances for high schoolers - heretofore Watts dances
interferred with New Trier's or Stone in Winnetka which our boys preferred -
more efforts have to be made to make Watts a meeting place instead of the
street corner. Tennis courts are always crowded with long wait usually
necessary when we want to play.
Couldn't get into New Trier swimming, it was completely full. Consideration
should be given to construction of a community house with facilities for
swimming, club meeting rooms, adult instruction, dramatics, indoor sports,
etc
.
A recreational center such as a gym-craft-playcenter for children of all
ages, not at Watts - but more centrally located.' Our children do not have
a place to "Hang Out" .' .'I
In my opinion there are too few who take advantage of the recreational
facilities. As far as the beach is concerned, I know from experience, the
children need more adult supervision, instead of defacing the natural beauty
of it with food concessions, making it look like Coney Island.
No more than 1 respondent in 100 will know the cost. Yet this is the key to
the validity of their questionnaire. Everyone wants more facilities but wants
someone else to pay.
No relationship between size of Village Hall and its seldom used area and
what a "Watts" could be.
I am making comparisons to comparable communities on North Shore.
I don't feel New Trier is suitable for the beginning child - pool is too deep
and classes are too large.
We utilized both a day camp and the summer playground program. At a young
age, we felt the Glencoe Summer Programs were adequate and the baseball
program good. At any older age, we felt more individual skills in sports
could be given attention to in a private day camp.
Sorry, but we are at the retirement age and not in a position to be very
helpful. In years past the recreation program was a vital part of our house-
hold and we were all over Glencoe - beach, parks, playgrounds, but no longer.
139
ADULTS
In addition, a private day camp program has a definite starting and endingtime so the child knows when to come and go rather than a come and go asyou please feeling.
One of the best things that happened to Watts is Sherry Dykes. To sum it
up, I think more effort and thought in planning has to go into the recreationalprogram with existing facilities.
What is there besides skating? And where was that this winter? The dancingprogram is good.
I think Glencoe could learn from Northbrook. They care about, and do thingsfor the children.
There were no other children left in the neighborhood. (In answer to question28.)
Sent my oldest only once because of the swimming. Instruction everyday; feltNew Trier's program wasn't enough for a beginner.
You need a summer teen program for those who are too young to work or do not
go to summer school
.
Better outdoor ice skating facilities - ice melts too fast. Games courses,(give a survey class on "Vacations - U.S.A. ," where to go campers - sightseeing,hiking, bus tours. After all - many things we did not learn as children(tennis instruction, pool, billiards, etc.) but are interested in now.
Would like to see A.M. ice skating available - warming hut open for adultsand small children who get trampled in one after-school crush.
Glencoe Beach stairs are exhausting - not enough shade - not worth effort.
Complete teen supervised programs for weekends, evenings as well as duringthe week.
The ice skating shelter does not need vending machines. The food areas aredisgusting and no one is forced to use them. The boat area takes up about1/4 to 1/3 area for about 5 - 10% of the population.
The town confused recreation with socialization - the major existing facilitiesi.e., skating in winter and the beach in the summer are overwhelmed with peoplesitting and eating, eating, eating. This is the town that travels on itsstomach.
As a long time resident of the area (30 years) , I consider the Glencoe Beachextremely dangerous. There are no beach machines to dig, sift or clean the
sand, consequently, there is always the danger of broken glass, let alone the
unsanitary condition of sand filled with dead fish, cigarette butts, discardedfood and its wrappings and the daily "wash up" of the lake. The guards aretoo busy maintaining the beach and socializing. I personally have pulled out"up ended" toddlers numerous times before the guards have begun to move. I
140
ADULTS
have grown up in this locality (another town however) and have never seen
adolescents allowed to chase, pull, shove, and knock down little children
without being reprimanded by either guards or park police. The idea of
paying for our beach "privileges" is a farce.
Too much emphasis in recreation - too little on quality of parks.
141
APPENDIX B
SAMPLE STUDENT AND ADULT QUESTIONNAIRES
142
DEPARTMENT OF RECREATION AND MUNICIPAL PARK ADMINISTRATIONFIELD SERVICE
1203 West Oregon StreetUrbana, Illinois 61801
Dear Citizen of Glencoe:
A short time ago the Glencoe Park Recreation District Boardengaged the Field Service, Department of Recreation and Municipal ParkAdministration, University of Illinois to do a survey of the recreationalhabits and interests of the adults of Glencoe. For this reason we are
asking for your cooperation and assistance.
If at all possible, we would like the adult male in your house-hold to answer the attached questionnaire. If this is not possible thenwe would like to have the adult female answer this questionnaire.
In this questionnaire there are no "correct" answers. We areinterested in your own personal point of view. You will remain anonymousas there are no names or addresses included on the questionnaire. Pleaseanswer every question.
You can complete the questionnaire in about twenty (20) minutes.A check mark is all that is needed to answer most of the questions. Theinformation you give us will be important in helping your Park-RecreationBoard best serve the park and recreation needs of all the people inGlencoe.
Please complete the questionnaire and mail it in the stampedself-addressed envelope within the next two or three days.
Your cooperation will be greatly appreciated.
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#ltncoe Jarfe = J&etreation JSistrttt
305 Randolph Street Glencoe, Illinois 60022 Telephone 835-3030
April 26, 1967
Dear Glencoe High School Student:
You have been selected to participate in a very important survey pro-
ject, conducted by the University of Illinois and the Glencoe Park-
Recreation District.
How many times have you wished you could express yourself by lettingyour Community know what is needed or desired by your age group?Here is your chance to do so. We will evaluate your answers care-
fully in order to plan programs according to your interests.
We would appreciate if you would take a few minutes to fill out the
enclosed questionnaire and mail it immediately in the enclosed self-
stamped addressed envelope to the University of Illinois. If you donot take the time, others will speak for you.
Thank you for your assistance.
WCJ : knEnclosures
Sincerely yours
,
/
I. J/ohnscWalter C. |J/<onnson,
Director of Parks & RecreationGlencoe Park-Recreation District
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152
APPENDIX C
ADULT AND YOUTH ACTIVITY TABLES
153
ADULT AND YOUTH ACTIVITY TABLES
INTRODUCTION: The youth and adult activity tables in this appendix are complete
for the questions in both the adult and youth questionnaires asking for the num-
ber of days that activities were participated in during the last 30 days and
over the last year. In Chapter 5 and 10 tables for one day of participation and
maximum number of days participation are tabulated. These total activity tables
give some indication of the degree of participation in each one of the activities.
The order of tables in the appendix is the adult 30 day activity table, the
adult last year activity table, the youth 30 day activity table, and the youth
last year activity table.
ACTIVITY PARTICIPATION ESTIMATOR: It is possible to develop some type of an
indicator for the amount of activity participation in the community. The
activities are ranked from those most frequently participated in to those least
frequently participated in to give some indication of degree of activity parti-
cipation. However, the tables do not give any means for predicting the amount
of participation within the community in any one of the activities. What is
developed here is an idea concerning the development of an activity participa-
tion estimator. Using the adult response, went swimming outdoors, as an example
and multiplying the number of days which was listed on the questionnaire times
the frequency of the individuals checking each category of the number of days,
and then adding these together to obtain an estimated total number of days. For
this example, 2,490 days was the total number of days participated in went swim-
ing outdoors over the last year by the Glencoe adults. However, only 76.%oi
the adult sample responded that they went swimming outdoors one or more days
last year. This means that 23.5% of the adults in Glencoe did not go swimming
outdoors last year. The mean number of days was 3.99 or 4 days of outdoor swim-
ming per adult. Multiplying the adult population times the mean number of days
of outdoor swimming, 4, times .765 for the adults who swim should give an ex-
tremely rough indicator or predictor of the number of participation days in
this activity. The example following shows this tabulation in graphic form.
154
Example: Adult response for "Went Swimming Outdoors."
Days X Frequency
16
22
114
= 268
282
= 369
= 354
1,065
1 16
2 11
3 38
4 67
6 47
9 41
13 28
15 71
2,490 Total Days
76.5% of adult sample responded that they went swimming outdoors one or more
days. The mean number of days was 3.99 or 4 days.
Adult Population x 4 Days x .765 =
Predictor of Activity Days
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165
APPENDIX D
LIST OF USEFUL RESOURCES
166
LIST OF USEFUL RESOURCES
Blalock, Hubert M. , Jr., Social Statistics (New York, McGraw-Hill Book Co.,
Inc., 1960).
Brightbill, Charles K. , Educating for Leisure-Centered Living (Harrisburg, Pa.,
Stackpole Co., 1966)
.
Goodale, Thomas Lester, "An Analysis of Leisure Behavior and Attitudes in
Selected Minneapolis Census Tracts" (Unpublished Doctoral Disserta-tion, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, 1965).
Huntsberger, David V., Elements of Statistical Inference (Boston, Allyn andBacon, Inc., 1961).
Lowrey, George A., Jr., Parks and Recreation River Forest, Illinois (FieldService, Department of Recreation and Municipal Park Administration,University of Illinois, August, 1966).
Northeastern Illinois Metropolitan Area Planning Commission, A SocialGeography of Metropolitan Chicago, June, 1960.
Northeastern Illinois Metropolitan Area Planning Commission, SuburbanFactbook 1950-1960 , June, 1960.
Sapora, A. V., Parks and Recreation in Minneapolis, Volume II, The LeisureBehavior, Attitudes and Expressed Interests of Minneapolis Residents
,
(Urbana, Illinois, Charles K. Brightbill and Associates, December, 1965)
Statistical Service Unit, SSUPAC - Manual of Computer Programs for StatisticalAnalysis (Urbana, Illinois, Statistical Service Unit, University ofIllinois, January, 1966).
U. S. Bureau of the Census, U. S. Censuses of Population and Housing: 1960Census Tracts, (Washington D. C, U.S. Government Printing Office,Washington, D. C. , 1962).
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