Parent and Coaches Guide Prevention & Care of Common Sport/Activity- related Injuries.

Parent and Coaches GuideParent and Coaches Guide

Prevention & Care Prevention & Care of Common of Common

Sport/Activity-Sport/Activity-relatedrelated InjuriesInjuries

Parent and Coaches Guide

Sponsored by the Pennsylvania Sponsored by the Pennsylvania Athletic Trainers’ Society and the Athletic Trainers’ Society and the

over 1300 certified Athletic over 1300 certified Athletic Trainers in the Commonwealth.Trainers in the Commonwealth.

Athletic Training

Recognized by the American Medical Recognized by the American Medical Association, athletic training is an Association, athletic training is an allied health profession dedicated to allied health profession dedicated to the provision of quality health care the provision of quality health care for the physically active.for the physically active.

Athletic Training

What can Certified What can Certified Athletic Trainers Athletic Trainers

do?do?

Athletic Training

Scope of PracticeScope of Practice• Prevention of Injuries and Illnesses

• Emergency Management and Treatment

• Recognition and Evaluation

Athletic Training

Scope of PracticeScope of Practice

• Rehabilitation and Reconditioning

• Organization and Administration

• Continuous Health Education

PTA & PATS Partnership

Keeping Our Kids Safe

Athletic Trainers’ WeekAthletic Trainers’ WeekOctober 8th - 14th

Dedicated to helping to educate parents and coaches to prevent common injuries from occurring to children who are participating in sports and other physical activities


Six Principles to Safeguard Children’s Health1. Ensure that children receive a general health exam and an

orthopedic exam prior to participating in organized sports activities

2. Ensure that children always wear appropriate safety gear and equipment the fits and receive instruction on its proper use

3. Determine if child/children is/are physically and psychologically conditioned, trained, and matched with opposing kids


Six Principles to Safeguard Children’s Health4. Ensure that children are supervised at all times by a

responsible adult who strictly enforces rules and who has a plan to deal with emergencies

5. Ensure that children drink adequate amounts of fluid prior to, during, and following activities and eat a health diet

6. Ensure that the playing environment is safe


Parent and Coaches GuideCommon Injuries & ConditionsCommon Injuries & Conditions

–Fractures

–Sprains and Strains

–Tendinitis

–Bruises

–Concussions

Parent and Coaches Guide• Myth #1Myth #1

It’s not a broken bone, becauseIt’s not a broken bone, because

my child can still my child can still

move the joint.move the joint.


Joint movement is rarely an indicator Joint movement is rarely an indicator of a fracture. The only way to truly of a fracture. The only way to truly confirm a fracture is by x-ray. confirm a fracture is by x-ray. However, there are a few simple However, there are a few simple guidelines to help you identify a guidelines to help you identify a fracture at home.fracture at home.


Indications of a Fracture may include.. Indications of a Fracture may include.. * * Deformity

* Pain that keeps the child awake at

night

* Swelling and pain over a bone that persists for more than a few days


A fracture is any disruption A fracture is any disruption (break, chip, or crack) in a bone(break, chip, or crack) in a bone


Fractures are normally Fractures are normally NOTNOT an an emergency situation UNLESS emergency situation UNLESS either blood flow is interrupted OR either blood flow is interrupted OR the nerves are affected (loss of the nerves are affected (loss of sensation or unable to use the body sensation or unable to use the body area)area)


What should I do if I suspect my child What should I do if I suspect my child has a fracture?has a fracture?

* Contact your family physician

* Apply ice to the area

* Splint to prevent joints above and below the injury from moving* Elevate the body part; if possible


A fracture will A fracture will

hurt more than hurt more than

a sprain or a sprain or

strain.strain.


Pain tolerance varies Pain tolerance varies from person to person. from person to person. A sprain or strain can be A sprain or strain can be as painful as a fracture.as painful as a fracture. When in doubt, contact When in doubt, contact your family physician.your family physician.

Parent and Coaches Guide• SprainSprain

Stretching or tearing of ligaments. Usually occurs to the “outside” of the ankle where there is less ligamentous support

Parent and Coaches Guide• StrainStrain

Stretching or tearing of muscle and/or tendon. Usually caused by an overstretching or overstressing a muscle


• Indications of a Sprain may include..Indications of a Sprain may include..* Swelling over a joint area

* Pain with joint movement, particularly the movement that caused the injury


• Indications of a Strain include…Indications of a Strain include…* Pain when the muscle or tendon is used or stretched

* May be some swelling

* May be a divot or deformity

Parent and Coaches Guide• What should I do if I suspect my child What should I do if I suspect my child

has a sprain or strain?has a sprain or strain?

* Protection* Rest * Ice* Compression* Elevation

Parent and Coaches Guide• ProtectionProtection

–Protect that child from further injury or harm by removing him/her from the activity

Parent and Coaches Guide• RestRest

–If unable to walk normally, should be on crutches; splints or slings for upper extremity

–Avoid excessive use, but some motion is helpful - within the painfree range of motion

Parent and Coaches Guide• IceIce

–Encase area with ice bag(s)

–Apply for 15-20 minutes every hour

–Avoid using heat

Parent and Coaches Guide• CompressionCompression

–Apply elastic wrap

–Be sure that wrap is not too tight or too lose

Parent and Coaches Guide• ElevationElevation

–The injured body area should be elevated at least to the level of the heart


Once my child has been Once my child has been “cleared” by the physician, it “cleared” by the physician, it is okay for my childis okay for my child to retur to return n to full activity immediately.to full activity immediately.

Parent and Coaches Guide• All athletes should be evaluated and All athletes should be evaluated and

pass functional tests before returning to pass functional tests before returning to full activity.full activity. If your child can do some, but not all

activities without pain or disability, he/she should not participate fully and should be put on a rehabilitation program.

Parent and Coaches GuideFunctional Testing - Lower BodyFunctional Testing - Lower Body

– Bear full weight - both, one leg

– Jump (two)--> Hop (one foot)

– Jog --> Sprint forward/backward

– Figure 8

– Sport Specific Activities

– Cutting and Running motion

Parent and CoachesGuide

Functional Testing - Upper BodyFunctional Testing - Upper Body (activity-dependent)

– Four Corner Touch

– Throwing - vary distance and intensity

– Push-up

– Sport Specific activities


Tendinitis appears Tendinitis appears suddenly and is suddenly and is difficult to difficult to distinguish from distinguish from a strain.a strain.


Tendinitis, an inflammation of a Tendinitis, an inflammation of a tendon, usually “appears” gradually tendon, usually “appears” gradually over a course of a week or two. over a course of a week or two. Usually, there is no one incident that Usually, there is no one incident that causes the injury. causes the injury.

Parent and Coaches Guide Indications of a Tendinitis include …Indications of a Tendinitis include …

* Pain that appears gradually over a few weeks

* Pain that is worse in the AM

* Pain is lessened when area is warm but returns when activity stops/area cooled

Parent and Coaches Guide• What should I do if I suspect my child What should I do if I suspect my child

has tendinitis?has tendinitis?

* Rest the body area

* Ice; then heat or ice

* OTC anti-inflammatories

* Return to activity gradually after pain ceases


• Myth #5Myth #5It’s no big deal, it is only a bruise.It’s no big deal, it is only a bruise.


A bruise is a closed wound; there is A bruise is a closed wound; there is internal bleeding. If not properly internal bleeding. If not properly handled, calcium deposits could form handled, calcium deposits could form in the muscle belly. You usually will in the muscle belly. You usually will not “see” bruising immediately.not “see” bruising immediately.


• Indications of a “new” bruise includeIndications of a “new” bruise include

* Redness of skin at the point of contact

* Warmth or heat in the area

* Swelling or mild deformity

Parent and Coaches Guide• What should I do if I suspect that What should I do if I suspect that

my child has a bruise?my child has a bruise?

* PRICE* Mild, active range of motion

* Protection from reinjury


• Myth #6

Not to worry, my child doesn’t have a concussion. He just has a headache.


• Cerebral Concussion –Grade 1 - Dazed and disoriented;

“bell rung”

–Grade 2 - Minor confusion/amnesia, headache, unsteady, tinnitus

Parent and Coaches Guide• Cerebral Concussion

–Grade 3 - Same symptoms as Grade 2 plus loss of memory of events before the injury

–Grade 4 - “Knocked out” plus loss of memory


• What symptoms should parents watch for at home?–Mild headaches and slight nausea

are common symptoms. Monitor child for next 24-48 hours to check for worsening symptoms.


• Do not give athlete aspirin

• If hungry, eat lightly

• Observe for worsening condition

Parent and Coaches Guide• Worsening Symptoms

* Dizziness, blurred vision

* Confusion, tinnitus

* Severe headache, disorientation

* Severe nausea or vomiting

Parent and Coaches Guide• Worsening Symptoms

* Pupils of eyes unequal in size or do not respond to light

* Bleeding from nose, ear canal or mouth

* Change of sensation or coordination of extremities


• DO NOT allow your child to return to participation until symptom free

• If symptoms do not lessen or significantly disappear in 2-3 days, contact physician

Just the Beginning…...

Thank YouPaula Sammarone Turocy, EdD, ATC

Liaison to Pennsylvania Congress of Parents and Teachers

www.gopats.org

Department Chair & Associate Professor

Duquesne University

122 Health Sciences Building

Pittsburgh, PA 15282

(412)396-4766

[email protected]

Parent and Coaches Guide Prevention & Care of Common Sport/Activity- related Injuries.

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Transcript of Parent and Coaches Guide Prevention & Care of Common Sport/Activity- related Injuries.