First Aid is the initial assistance or treatment

given to a casualty for any injury or sudden

illness before the arrival of an ambulance,

doctor, or other qualified personnel.

DEFINITION OF FIRST AID

AIMS OF FIRST AID

• Preserve life• Prevent the casualty’s condition from

becoming worse• Promote recovery

STEPS OF FIRST AID

• Protect (avoid risk)• Call • Aid (help)

Unconsciosness• It is a state of unresponsiveness, when the

casualty unaware of their surroundings and no purposeful response can be obtein.

UnconsciosnessDangers? Response? NO RESPONSE

Response

Obtein history, Monitor,

Send for help

Send for help: Call

Open Airway

BreathingNO BREATHING

Recovery position and monitor

Compressions CPR

30 x Compressions

2 x Rescue Breahts

Yes: OK

No

Yes: Rec. Position

No: CPR

Recovery Position

PLS

CPR (RCP)

Sports Injuries

• Sports injuries are not uncommon and can be either acute (sprains, fractures, tears, etc.) or chronic (tendinitis, overuse, etc.) Learn how to recognize and treat the most common sports injuries so they heal properly. Some can be treated at home, and some require a trip to the doctor.

Review: Locomotor System

Review: Locomotor System

Review: Locomotor System

Review: Locomotor System

Bone Injuries

• Bone Fracture Swelling of the affected area Inability to carry out functions of the injured area Deformity of limb. Bruising around the affected area.

• Dislocation: The joint which loses its original place or slips out from its natural place Swelling around the joint area Severe pain. Difficulty in moving (immobility) the affected

• Muscle Strain: Muscle strain or muscle pull or even a muscle tear implies damage to a muscle or its attaching tendons. You can put undue pressure on muscles during the course of normal daily activities, with sudden, quick heavy lifting, during sports, or while performing work tasks. Swelling, bruising or redness, or open cuts as a consequence of the injury Pain at rest Pain when the specific muscle or the joint in relation to that muscle is used Weakness of the muscle or tendons (A sprain, in contrast, is an injury to a joint and its ligaments.) Inability to use the muscle at all

• Muscle Tears: It occurs from strenuous activity, particularly when the ligaments and muscles are pulled or strained. This can include everything from landing badly on an ankle or walking or exercising on uneven surfaces. This type of injury generally causes sprains in knees or ankles. Strains, or tears to the muscles or tendons, occur from traumatic injuries, such as a slip or fall.

• Muscle Cramps: It is an involuntarily and forcibly contracted muscle that does not relax. Several vitamin deficiency states may directly or indirectly lead to muscle cramps.

Muscular Injuries

• Sprains: Of all sprains, ankle and knee sprains occur most often. Sprained ligaments swell rapidly and are painful. Generally, the greater the pain, the more severe the injury is. For most minor sprains, you probably can treat the injury yourself.

Ligaments Injuries

• Tendonitis: It is the inflammation of a tendon caused by irritation due to prolonged or abnormal use. The Achilles tendon is a common site where tendonitis occurs. Most tendonitis can be avoid with proper warm-up exercises, rest, and gradual increase in physical

activity: Symptoms of tendonitis: Pain or tenderness on the tendon near or around a joint. Stiffness and pain on the tendon, which restricts movement. Occasionally, mild swelling, numbness, or a tingling sensation at the joint.

Tendon Injuries

Traetment

First Aid Kit

Questions?

I hope that you have enjoyed

with this Unit

and that you are a better rescuer.