Citizens, the Public Sector and democracy The Challenge of Diversity
PACKET 7- REVIEW SHEET. DEMOCRACY A government ruled by the people-The citizens hold the political...
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Transcript of PACKET 7- REVIEW SHEET. DEMOCRACY A government ruled by the people-The citizens hold the political...
BILL OF RIGHTS• Lists the
freedoms of individual citizens that a government promises to protect-First 10 Amendments
The Articles of Confederation• The first American
Constitution
• Was too weak to work effectively
• Only had one branch of government-Legislative
• Did not have the power to tax or create an army
NORTHWEST ORDINANCE
Provided a method for states to enter the Union- a territory had to have a population of 60,000 free settlers-Then it could ask Congress to become a state
SHAY’S REBELLION• In 1786, Daniel Shays a
Massachusetts farmer organized an uprising. 2,000 farmers attacked courthouses and prevented the state from seizing farms.
• It showed that the Articles were not working and the national government needed to be changed
CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION
Convention to rewrite the Articles of Confederation
• 55 delegates met in Philadelphia in May 1787
DELEGATED POWERS• Powers given to the national
government
• Declare war and raise an army, Coin money, regulate trade between the states and foreign countries
RESERVED POWERS
• Powers given to state governments
• Make laws about marriage and divorce, education laws, regulate trade within the state
SHARED OR CONCURRENT POWERS•Powers given to both the states and the national government
•Raise taxes, borrow money
CHECKS AND BALANCES• System by which each branch
of government can check or control the actions of the other two branches
OVERRIDE
• Congress can overrule a presidential veto-Two thirds of both houses must vote to override
AMENDMENT
• The only way to change the Constitution-It allows the Constitution to change with the times
• There are 27
CENSUS
• Population count taken every 10 years to determine representation in the House of Representatives
PREAMBLE
• Introduction to the Constitution which states that the power to govern comes from the people
• “We, the people…”
ELECTORAL COLLEGE
• Group of electors who meet every 4 years to choose the President and Vice President
WHY WAS A WEAK CENTRAL GOVERNMENT CREATED UNDER THE
ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION?
• The founders were afraid of creating another tyranny like they had under King George so they purposely created a weak government-THEY WERE PARANOID ABOUT POWER!!!
VIRGINIA PLAN
• Big states plan-Called for 2 houses of Congress- The number of representatives from each state would be determined by population
NEW JERSEY PLAN
Plan of the small states-Called for a one house legislature and each state would get one vote regardless of population
THE GREAT COMPROMISE• Solved the problem of
representation in Congress• Created a bicameral (2
house) Congress!!!• House of Reps-
representation determined by population
• Senate-each state gets 2
THE THREE-FIFTHS COMPROMISE
• Solved the problem of whether to count slaves as population
• Three-fifths of a states slaves would be counted as population when figuring out how many representatives each state got in the House of Reps
THREE BRANCHES OF GOVERNMENT• Legislative Branch -
passes the laws
• Executive Branch -carries out the laws
• Judicial Branch -decides if the laws are carried out fairly or interprets the laws
WHY DID THE ANTI-FEDERALISTS OPPOSE THE CONSTITUTION? WHAT DID THEY WANT ADDED?
• 1. They thought it made the national government too strong and left the states too weak.
• 2. They thought the Constitution gave the President too much power.
• They wanted a Bill of Rights added