Overview of the Overview of the CommunityCommunity--Based Based Monitoring SystemMonitoring System(CBMS)(CBMS)

This work was carried out by the This work was carried out by the PEPPEP--CBMS Network CBMS Network Coordinating TeamCoordinating Team of the of the Angelo King Institute for Angelo King Institute for Economic and Business StudiesEconomic and Business Studies with the aid of a grant with the aid of a grant from the from the International Development Research Centre International Development Research Centre (IDRC)(IDRC)--CanadaCanada..

Outline of PresentationOutline of Presentation

Government Budgets and Government Budgets and Development PlansDevelopment PlansRationale for Development of CBMSRationale for Development of CBMSKey Features of CBMSKey Features of CBMSUses of CBMSUses of CBMSDevelopments in line with CBMS Developments in line with CBMS WorkWorkFuture DirectionsFuture Directions

Government Budgets, Development Plans and the Challenges in Effective

Budgeting

Governments budgetary processes Governments budgetary processes and activities tell a lot about and activities tell a lot about governance priorities and inclinationsgovernance priorities and inclinations

The way governments prepare, The way governments prepare, itemize and focus budgets directly itemize and focus budgets directly reflect the sectors and areas that will reflect the sectors and areas that will be prioritized, the areas invested in be prioritized, the areas invested in and the governance strategies to be and the governance strategies to be employedemployed

On Budgeting and Development On Budgeting and Development Planning...Planning...

Challenges in government budgeting Challenges in government budgeting and planning...and planning...

Most of the time, mismatches exist Most of the time, mismatches exist between the programs designed, budgets between the programs designed, budgets allocated and the policies formulated to allocated and the policies formulated to the actual needs of the constituents. the actual needs of the constituents.

There is also a great need to formulate There is also a great need to formulate budgets and development plans with an budgets and development plans with an awareness to the need to equitably and awareness to the need to equitably and justifiably distribute resources according justifiably distribute resources according to the needs of the people reasonably to the needs of the people reasonably distributed across genders, ages, distributed across genders, ages, industries and others. One way is to look industries and others. One way is to look at budgets and subsequent plans in a at budgets and subsequent plans in a gender perspective.gender perspective.

There is also a need to know the There is also a need to know the conditions of the constituents for budgets conditions of the constituents for budgets and development plans to be soundly and development plans to be soundly prepared and formulatedprepared and formulated

A reliable, realistic and easily manageable A reliable, realistic and easily manageable information system to help facilitate information system to help facilitate government plan and budget formulation, government plan and budget formulation, especially at the local level.especially at the local level.

This is where This is where CBMSCBMS or the or the CommunityCommunity--based Monitoring Systembased Monitoring System can truly be can truly be of great value of great value

Challenges in government Challenges in government budgeting and planning...budgeting and planning...

BackgroundBackground

CBMS work was one of the tools developed CBMS work was one of the tools developed in the early 1990s under the MIMAPin the early 1990s under the MIMAP--Philippines Project to provide policymakers Philippines Project to provide policymakers and program implementers with a good and program implementers with a good information base for tracking the impacts information base for tracking the impacts of macroeconomic reforms and various of macroeconomic reforms and various policy shocks.policy shocks.

What is CBMS?What is CBMS?An organized way of collecting information An organized way of collecting information at the local level for use of local government at the local level for use of local government units, national government agencies, nonunits, national government agencies, non--government organizations, and civil society government organizations, and civil society for planning, program implementation and for planning, program implementation and monitoring.monitoring.

A A tooltool intended for improved intended for improved governance governance andand greater greater transparency and transparency and accountabilityaccountability in resource allocation.in resource allocation.

Rationale for CBMS WorkRationale for CBMS WorkLack of necessary disaggregated data for:Lack of necessary disaggregated data for:

Diagnosing extent of poverty at the Diagnosing extent of poverty at the local levellocal levelDetermining the causes of povertyDetermining the causes of povertyFormulating appropriate policies and Formulating appropriate policies and programprogramIdentifying eligible beneficiariesIdentifying eligible beneficiariesAssessing impact of policies and Assessing impact of policies and programsprograms

Need for support mechanisms for the Need for support mechanisms for the implementation of the decentralization implementation of the decentralization policypolicy

(41,975)

(1,500/117)

(79)

National

Provincial

Municipal/City

Village/Barangay

Administrative Structure

Information AvailabilityCBMS can fill

the gap

National surveys

CBMS

Decentralization increases the demand for local data

Key Features of CBMSKey Features of CBMSLGULGU--Based while promoting community Based while promoting community participationparticipation

Taps existing LGU/communityTaps existing LGU/community--personnel personnel as monitorsas monitors

Has a core set of indicators but system is Has a core set of indicators but system is flexible enough to accommodate additional flexible enough to accommodate additional indicatorsindicators

National Government

Agencies

Line Agencies,NSO,NGOs

Line Agencies,NSO District

Offices,NGOs

CBMS Enumerators,NGOs, POs

NAPC, NEDA or DILG

(NSCB-Oversight)

CBMSProvincial Monitors

(PPDOs)

CBMS City/Municipal

Monitors (CPDOs/MPDOs)

CBMS Barangay Monitors(BDCs)

NAPC,DILG, NEDA,DSWD,NGOs

Other Data Users

PPDOProgram

ImplementorsOther Data Users

CPDO/MPDOProgram

ImplementorsOther Data Users

BDCProgram

ImplementorsOther Data Users

LEVEL DATA SOURCES DATA PROCESSING/ DATA BANK DATA USERS

National

Provincial

City/ Municipal

Barangay

CBMS Flow of InformationCBMS Flow of Information

BASIC NEEDS CORE INDICATORS

Health 1 Proportion of child deaths aged 0-5 years old

2 Proportion of women deaths due to pregnancy-related causes

Nutrition 3

Shelter 4

5 Proportion of households who are squatters

6

7

Water and Sanitation

Proportion of households living in makeshift housing

Proportion of households with no access to safe water supply

Proportion of households with no access to sanitary toilet facilities

Proportion of malnourished children aged 0-5 years old

BASIC NEEDS CORE INDICATORS

E. 8

9

F. Income 10 Proportion of households with income below poverty threshold

11 Proportion of households with income below subsistence threshold

12

G. Employment 13 Proportion of persons who are unemployed

H. 14

Proportion of children 13-16 years old not in secondary school

Proportion of children 6-12 years old not in elementary school

Basic Education

Peace and Order

Proportion of persons who were victims of crime

Proportion of households who experienced food shortage

LGULGU--Specific IndicatorsSpecific Indicators

MigrationMigrationAgriculture, Fishing and ForestryAgriculture, Fishing and ForestryIndividual Specific InformationIndividual Specific InformationPolitical / Community ParticipationPolitical / Community ParticipationBusiness and EntrepreneurshipBusiness and EntrepreneurshipVictims of crimes and calamitiesVictims of crimes and calamitiesWaste ManagementWaste ManagementAccess to programsAccess to programsAccess to community services and Access to community services and facilitiesfacilities

LGULGU--Specific IndicatorsSpecific Indicators

For this initiative, the CBMS indicators For this initiative, the CBMS indicators can be expanded to include gendercan be expanded to include gender--related indicatorsrelated indicators

Advocacy and Preparation of

Work Plan

Data Collection

Data Processing

CommunityValidation

DatabaseBuilding

General Activities in Implementing a CBMS

Analysis and Preparation of

SEP/DP

Other Uses of CBMS Data

Dissemination

For this particular endeavor, an For this particular endeavor, an additional module specifically additional module specifically focusing on Local Planning and focusing on Local Planning and Budgeting would be installed to the Budgeting would be installed to the CBMS implementation stages CBMS implementation stages

This module will be installed as a This module will be installed as a means to facilitate the translation of means to facilitate the translation of validated CBMS information to budget validated CBMS information to budget and development plan entries.and development plan entries.

General Activities in Implementing a CBMS

Uses of CBMS

CBMS builds the capacity of the members CBMS builds the capacity of the members of the community to participate in the of the community to participate in the development planning and monitoring development planning and monitoring processprocess

Community leaders and Community leaders and volunteers are trained in the volunteers are trained in the various aspect of the CBMS various aspect of the CBMS process, i.e., collect, process, process, i.e., collect, process, validate, analyze and use of datavalidate, analyze and use of data

This capability of CBMS is also This capability of CBMS is also appealing in the gender point of appealing in the gender point of view as it empowers all view as it empowers all members of the community both members of the community both female and male in the female and male in the development and planning development and planning process (especially via the process (especially via the community validation).community validation).

CBMS enriches existing LGU CBMS enriches existing LGU databasesdatabases

Computerized databanks Computerized databanks were established in almost were established in almost all municipalities of the all municipalities of the province of Palawanprovince of Palawan

CBMS has provided CBMS has provided socioeconomic attributes to socioeconomic attributes to the existing environment the existing environment information database of the information database of the ProvinceProvince

CBMS can be used to enrich CBMS can be used to enrich the database of the Peace the database of the Peace Resource Center (OPAPP Resource Center (OPAPP Program)Program)

CBMS enhances the preparation of CBMS enhances the preparation of socioeconomic profiles, development and socioeconomic profiles, development and investment plans.investment plans.

•In Palawan, CBMS data has been used as basis for the preparation of the province’s first Human Development Report for the year 2000.

•NGOs i.e Conservation International, European Union through PTFPP and Southern Palawan Planning Council in Palawan have likewise used CBMS data for resource profiling of environment project sites in the Province.

•Provincial Office of the Philippine National Red Cross have used data in facilitating the preparation of Disaster Management Preparedness Plan for selected barangaysin Palawan.

•CBMS data has also been used for the preparation of the Comprehensive Land Use Plan of Palawan.

CBMS enhances the preparation of CBMS enhances the preparation of socioeconomic profiles, development and socioeconomic profiles, development and investment plansinvestment plans

• In Camarines Norte, CBMS data has been used as benchmark information for the preparation of Barangay Socioeconomic Profiles and project proposals for development projects

• Likewise, CBMS can be used to prepare profiles of conflict and non-conflict areas in Mindanao

Sample DatasetSample Dataset

CBMS aids in diagnosing poverty at the CBMS aids in diagnosing poverty at the local level.local level.

• CBMS provides disaggregated information which gives a detailed picture on the needs of the communities through the household and barangay surveys; and corresponding explanations for such deficiencies as gathered during validation forums.

• Here, local officials are able to assess the causes and extent of poverty in their community

• In the process, local decision makers can also assess the conditions of their constituencies across genders

Proportion of households with income below poverty threshold, By purok, Brgy Concepcion, Sta. Josefa, Agusan del Sur, 2005

Purok 1

Purok 2

Purok 3Purok 4

Purok 5

Proportion of households with income below poverty threshold and location of poor households by purok, Brgy Concepcion, Sta. Josefa, Agusan del Sur, 2005

CBMS aids in formulating appropriate CBMS aids in formulating appropriate interventions and development strategiesinterventions and development strategies

Once community needs and problems are Once community needs and problems are identified through the use of CBMS information, identified through the use of CBMS information, local planners would now be able to effectively local planners would now be able to effectively formulate gender and need responsive budgets formulate gender and need responsive budgets and in the process translate to soundly and in the process translate to soundly prepared plans and programsprepared plans and programs

CBMS data also provides vital baseline CBMS data also provides vital baseline information for the preparation of barangay, information for the preparation of barangay, municipal/city and provincial annual investment municipal/city and provincial annual investment plans, land use plans, and other development plans, land use plans, and other development reports.reports.

Proportion of households with access to safe water supplyMunicipality of Sta. Elena, Camarines Norte, 2003

CBMS aids resource allocation CBMS aids resource allocation

It serves as a basis for allocating resources by It serves as a basis for allocating resources by facilitating prioritization of social services and facilitating prioritization of social services and other programs. In the proposed endeavor, CBMS other programs. In the proposed endeavor, CBMS will be designed in such a way as to facilitate in will be designed in such a way as to facilitate in government budgeting and planning initiativesgovernment budgeting and planning initiatives

CBMS data can facilitate allocation of development CBMS data can facilitate allocation of development funds for the needed programs and interventions funds for the needed programs and interventions which are genderwhich are gender--responsive: responsive:

Health programs to cater to the divergent Health programs to cater to the divergent needs of both female and male constituents;needs of both female and male constituents;Education and literacy programs;Education and literacy programs;Livelihood and Empowerment programs; and Livelihood and Empowerment programs; and Other Programs Other Programs

CBMS helps in identifying eligible CBMS helps in identifying eligible beneficiariesbeneficiaries

CBMS can facilitate targeting by providing CBMS can facilitate targeting by providing information on who are the eligible beneficiaries for information on who are the eligible beneficiaries for specific programs. specific programs.

SectorSector--specific indicators can be used to identify specific indicators can be used to identify who should receive the interventionwho should receive the intervention

Composite indicators can be used to rank the Composite indicators can be used to rank the poorest households in the barangay or municipalitypoorest households in the barangay or municipality

Example: Data gathered from CBMS has been used Example: Data gathered from CBMS has been used in in LaboLabo, , CamarinesCamarines Norte as a tool for targeting Norte as a tool for targeting beneficiaries of a health program (distribution of beneficiaries of a health program (distribution of toilet bowls) of the municipal health office.toilet bowls) of the municipal health office.

Households with children 13Households with children 13--16 years who are not in 16 years who are not in secondary school, Barangay 179, secondary school, Barangay 179, PasayPasay CityCity

Saint Peter Street

Sain

t Cec

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reet

Sain

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int C

athe

rine

Stre

et

Sain

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Stre

et

Sain

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tte S

treet

Sain

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e St

reet

Sain

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n St

reet

Sain

t Jam

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tree

t

Sain

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tree

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Saint Francis ExtensionSta. Rita Street

Maricaban Creek

123 out of 326 children 13-16 years old are not attending secondary

school

Households Households with with members 6members 6--16 years old 16 years old who are not who are not in school in in school in Block 1, 2, Block 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11.10, 11.

Block Household ID Household Head

1 21 101 121 6872 9543 175 376 497 628 7198 7438 7458 75610 9210 9711 10411 53511 54311 911

ListList

CBMS data can be used as basis for impact CBMS data can be used as basis for impact monitoring of projects and programsmonitoring of projects and programs

Palawan CasePalawan Case•• Data from CBMS served as inputs for the impact Data from CBMS served as inputs for the impact

evaluation of the Comprehensive Integrated evaluation of the Comprehensive Integrated Delivery of Social Services (CIDSS) program in Delivery of Social Services (CIDSS) program in selected sites in Palawan.selected sites in Palawan.

•• Validation of CBMS data for 2000 has facilitated Validation of CBMS data for 2000 has facilitated the tracking of impact of a Sanitation Program the tracking of impact of a Sanitation Program which was earlier implemented in the which was earlier implemented in the Municipality of Municipality of BatarazaBataraza, Southern , Southern PalawanPalawan..

Before Intervention

After Intervention

Proportion of households with access to sanitary toilet facilities,Brgy. Sta. Cruz, Labo, Camarines Norte, Philippines, 2003 Back

Case of Case of LaboLabo, , CamarinesCamarines NorteNorte

Developments in line with Developments in line with CBMS workCBMS work

LocalLocal

National National

InternationalInternational

Coverage of CBMS Implementation in the Philippines as of 2005

Eastern Samar

Biliran

Leyte

Palawan

Tanauan City

Bulacan

Science City of Munoz/Nueva Ecija

Agusan del Sur

Marinduque

Masbate

Samar

CamiguinPuerto Princesa City

Iriga City; Lupi and Minalabac, Camarines Sur

Pasay City

Libon, Albay

Sorsogon City

Camarines Norte

Mandaue City

Upcoming expansion sites of CBMS in the Philippines

Nueva Viscaya

Bohol

Bataan

San Nicolas, Ilocos Norte

Maguindanao

Tawi-tawi

SuluBasilan

Lanao del NorteAgusan del Norte

Oriental & Occidental Mindoro

Romblon

Ifugao

Aurora

Mt. Province

Quirino

Escalante and Magalona, Negros Occidental*

Bukidnon

Island City of SamalLanao del Sur

Sultan Kudarat

LocalLocalLGUsLGUs who have adopted CBMS who have adopted CBMS have managed to implement have managed to implement their own strategies in mobilizing their own strategies in mobilizing resources to maintain the resources to maintain the implementation and use of the implementation and use of the system. system.

More More LGUsLGUs continue to express continue to express interest in adopting CBMSinterest in adopting CBMS (new (new initiatives)initiatives)

NEW INITIATIVESNEW INITIATIVES

•• Adoption of CBMS in Adoption of CBMS in all provincesall provinces in in Region IVBRegion IVBin partnership with NEDA IV B Office and the in partnership with NEDA IV B Office and the Regional Development CouncilRegional Development Council

•• Adoption of CBMS in Adoption of CBMS in Region VRegion V in partnership with in partnership with DILG Region V and RSSCDILG Region V and RSSC

•• CBMS implementation in 12 pilot cities and 10 more CBMS implementation in 12 pilot cities and 10 more provinces under the UNFPA Project on MDG provinces under the UNFPA Project on MDG Localization of the DILGLocalization of the DILG--BLGDBLGD

•• Partnership with AERPartnership with AER--Social Watch (with funding Social Watch (with funding from EU)from EU)

•• Use of CBMS for monitoring project impact in ARMMUse of CBMS for monitoring project impact in ARMM

NationalNationalMemorandum circulars and policy issuancesMemorandum circulars and policy issuances have have been prepared by key national government agencies been prepared by key national government agencies supporting the use of CBMS as a monitoring tool to supporting the use of CBMS as a monitoring tool to diagnose poverty at the local leveldiagnose poverty at the local level

A multiA multi--sectoralsectoral group is pushing for the scaling up of a group is pushing for the scaling up of a local poverty monitoring systemlocal poverty monitoring system

CBMS was adopted by DILG as the data collection and CBMS was adopted by DILG as the data collection and processing system for the CLPIMS which was the tool processing system for the CLPIMS which was the tool adopted to monitor adopted to monitor MDGsMDGs for for LGUsLGUs

Trainings are being provided by DILGTrainings are being provided by DILG--BLGD and CBMS BLGD and CBMS Team to several regions, provinces and municipalities Team to several regions, provinces and municipalities in data collection, processing and formulation of in data collection, processing and formulation of poverty reduction action planspoverty reduction action plans

Memorandum Circulars & Policy IssuancesMemorandum Circulars & Policy Issuances

DILG Memorandum Circular 2001DILG Memorandum Circular 2001--105 (issued in August 2001)105 (issued in August 2001)

•• Enjoining all local chief executives to undertake local Enjoining all local chief executives to undertake local programs on poverty reduction and economic programs on poverty reduction and economic transformation and emphasized need to designate transformation and emphasized need to designate Local Local Poverty Reduction Action Officers (Poverty Reduction Action Officers (LPRAOsLPRAOs)) and to and to formulate a formulate a Local Poverty Reduction Action Plan (LPRAP).Local Poverty Reduction Action Plan (LPRAP).

NAPC En Banc Resolution No. 7 (issued in March 2003)NAPC En Banc Resolution No. 7 (issued in March 2003)

•• Directing Directing LGUsLGUs to adopt the 13 core local poverty indicators to adopt the 13 core local poverty indicators as the minimum set of communityas the minimum set of community--based information for based information for poverty diagnosis and planning at the local levelspoverty diagnosis and planning at the local levels

Memorandum Circulars & Policy IssuancesMemorandum Circulars & Policy Issuances

DILG Memorandum Circular 2003DILG Memorandum Circular 2003--92 (issued in April 2003)92 (issued in April 2003)

•• Setting policy guidelines for the Setting policy guidelines for the adoption of the 13 core adoption of the 13 core local poverty indicatorslocal poverty indicators for planning. for planning.

DILG Memorandum Circular 2004DILG Memorandum Circular 2004--152 (Issued in November 152 (Issued in November 2004)2004)

•• encouraging encouraging LGUsLGUs to intensify efforts in implementing to intensify efforts in implementing programs, projects and activities towards the programs, projects and activities towards the achievement of the millennium development goals achievement of the millennium development goals ((MDGsMDGs). ).

•• LGUsLGUs are further encouraged to conduct monitoring are further encouraged to conduct monitoring system such as MBNsystem such as MBN--CBIS, CBMS, IRAP, etc., to monitor CBIS, CBMS, IRAP, etc., to monitor and diagnose the nature and extent of povertyand diagnose the nature and extent of poverty

Memorandum Circulars & Policy IssuancesMemorandum Circulars & Policy Issuances

NSCB Resolution No. 6, Series of 2005NSCB Resolution No. 6, Series of 2005Issued in January 24, 2005 rIssued in January 24, 2005 recognizing and enjoining ecognizing and enjoining support to the communitysupport to the community--based monitoring system as based monitoring system as a tool to strengthen the statistical system at the local a tool to strengthen the statistical system at the local level.level.

It resolved further thatIt resolved further that the NSCB Technical Staff initiate the NSCB Technical Staff initiate and coordinate an advocacy program for the adoption and coordinate an advocacy program for the adoption of the CBMS by the of the CBMS by the LGUsLGUs, through the , through the RSCCsRSCCs, the , the technical arm of the NSCB Executive Board in the technical arm of the NSCB Executive Board in the

regions.regions.

InternationalInternationalCBMS work is currently onCBMS work is currently on--going in: going in:

AsiaAsia••Bangladesh, Cambodia, Bangladesh, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Lao, Nepal, India, Indonesia, Lao, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, and Vietnam. Lanka, and Vietnam.

AfricaAfrica••Benin, Burkina Faso, Ghana, Benin, Burkina Faso, Ghana, and Senegaland Senegal

Future DirectionsFuture DirectionsBuilding a National Repository of CBMS DataBuilding a National Repository of CBMS Data

CBMS Development Grant ProgramCBMS Development Grant Program

Scaling up of CBMS ImplementationScaling up of CBMS Implementation

Emerging Trends & UsesEmerging Trends & Uses

Use of CBMS as a tool for facilitating the Peace Process in ARMMUse of CBMS as a tool for facilitating the Peace Process in ARMMSubaybaySubaybay Bata Monitoring SystemBata Monitoring SystemFacilitating Gender Responsive Budgeting (GRB) Through Facilitating Gender Responsive Budgeting (GRB) Through CBMSCBMS

Thank You!Thank You!

For further inquiries, you may get in touch with:For further inquiries, you may get in touch with:

PEPPEP--CBMS Network Coordinating TeamCBMS Network Coordinating TeamAngelo King Institute for Economic and Business StudiesRoom I-1016 10th Flr. Angelo King International CenterEstrada Cor. Arellano Ave., Malate, Manila, Philippines

E-mail: reyesc@dls-csb.edu.phmimap@dls-csb.edu.ph

Web-site: www.pep-net.orgTel: (632) 5262067

(632) 5245333Fax: (632)5262067

Cost of CBMS ImplementationCost of CBMS Implementation

Training workshop and materialsTraining workshop and materialsReproduction of Survey QuestionnairesReproduction of Survey QuestionnairesHonorarium for Survey EnumeratorsHonorarium for Survey EnumeratorsProcessing and AnalysisProcessing and Analysis

Estimated cost per household = P 30/hhEstimated cost per household = P 30/hh