Overhead Crane Sad

Overhead CranesAnalysis Document

September, 2005Proposed Wording ANSI 30.11

Monorail and UnderhungANSI 30.17

Overhead and Gantry cranesTop running bridge, single girder,

underhung hoist

ANSI 30.2Overhead and Gantry

Top running bridge, single or multiple girder, top running trolley hoist

Notes/Comments

Overhead cranesWAC 296-880-200

WAC 296-880-200 Introduction

WAC 296-880-200 through 296-880-24015 apply to the following styles of cranes, whether power-driven or hand operated, as well as to related equipment:

Cranes with top running or underhung bridges using top or underhung trolleys.

Gantry, semigantry, and cantilever gantry cranes.

Wall or pedestal mounted jib cranes.

Polar cranes. Monorail systems.

Section 11-0.1: ScopeWithin the general scope defined in Section I, B30.11 applies to underhung cranes and monorail systems where load-carrying members, such as end trucks or carriers (trolleys) travel either on the external or internal (See Fig. 9) lower flange of a runway track section, single monorail track, crane bridge girder, or jib boom (see Fig 1), including all curves, switches, transfer devices, lift and drop sections, and associated equipment. This volume includes provisions of both power-driven and hand-operated equipment on which the carriers are independently controlled. This equipment is grouped together because of the similarity of construction and because of common considerations which are peculiar to this type of equipment. Systems used for transporting personnel require special considerations and are not included in this volume. Also excluded from this volume are conveyor systems, including power and free conveyors.

Section 17-0.1: ScopeWithin the general scope defined in Section I, B30.17 applies to overhead and gantry cranes with a top running bridge, of single-girder construction, using one or more underhung hoists (See ASME B30.16) operating on the bottom flange of the bridge girder. This Volume includes both power driven and hand-operated equipment.

Section 2-0.1 ScopeWithin the general scope defined in Section I, B30.2 applies to overhead and gantry cranes with a top running bridge of single or multiple girder construction, utilizing a top running trolley, including polar, semigantry, cantilever gantry, wall cranes, and others having the same fundamental characteristics. This volume includes both power-driven and hand operated equipment. These cranes are grouped because they all have top running trolleys and similar travel characteristics.

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Notes/Comments

WAC 296-880-210Design and installation requirements for overhead cranesSummaryYour Responsibility:To make sure overhead cranes are safe for operation.Overhead cranes design and construction requirementsWAC 296-880-21005

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Notes/Comments

WAC 296-880-21005Overhead cranes design and construction requirementsYou must

Make sure all cranes in use prior to May 1, 2004, meet the design, construction and stability requirements as defined by the appropriate American National Standard Institute regulation, either:- USAS B30.2 - 1967, Overhead

and Gantry Cranes;OR

- ANSI B30.11 - 1973, Monorail Systems and Underhung Cranes;

OR

- ANSI B30.17 - 1973, Single Girder Top Running Cranes.

Make sure all new cranes acquired for use on or after May 1, 2004, meet the design, construction, and stability requirements as defined in this section and either:- ASME B30.2 - 1996, Overhead

and Gantry Cranes, including addenda A 1997, addenda B, 1998, and addenda C, 2001;Or

- ASME B30.11 - 1998, Monorail Systems and Underhung Cranes, including addenda A, 1999;'or

- ASME B30.17 - 1998, Overhead

Section IV: New and Existing Installations.

(a) Effective Date. The effective date of this volume for the purpose of defining new and existing installations shall be 1 year after its date of issuance.

(b) New Installations. Construction, installation, inspection, testing, maintenance, and operation of equipment manufactured and facilities constructed after the effective date of this volume shall conform with the mandatory requirements of this volume.

(c) Existing Installations. Inspection, testing, maintenance, and operation of equipment manufactured and facilities constructed prior to the effective date of this volume shall be done, as applicable, in accordance with the requirements of this volume. It is not the intent of this volume to require retrofitting of existing equipment. However, when an item is being modified, its performance requirement shall be reviewed relative to the current volume. If the performance differs substantially, the need to meet the current requirements shall be evaluated by a qualified person selected by the owner (user). Recommended changes shall be made by the owner (user) within 1 year.

Section IV: New and Existing Installations.(a) Effective Date. The effective date

of this volume for the purpose of defining new and existing installations shall be 1 year after its date of issuance.

(b) New Installations. Construction, installation, inspection, testing, maintenance, and operation of equipment manufactured and facilities constructed after the effective date of this volume shall conform to the mandatory requirements of this volume.

(c) Existing Installations. Inspection, testing, maintenance, and operation of equipment manufactured and facilities constructed prior to the effective date of this volume shall be done, as applicable, in accordance with the requirements of this volume.

It is not the intent of this volume to require retrofitting of existing equipment. When an item is being modified, however, its performance requirement shall be reviewed relative to the current volume. If the performance differs substantially, the need to meet the current requirements shall be evaluated by a qualified person selected by the owner (user). Recommended changes shall be made by the owner (user) within 1 year.

Section IV: New and Existing Installations

a) Effective Date. The effective date of this volume for the purpose of defining new and existing installations shall be 1 year after its date of issuance.

b) New Installations. Construction, installation, inspection, testing, maintenance, and operation of equipment manufactured and facilities constructed after the effective date of this volume shall conform with the mandatory requirements of this volume.

c) Existing Installations. Inspection, testing, maintenance, and operation of equipment manufactured and facilities constructed prior to the effective date of this volume shall be done, as applicable, in accordance with the requirements of this volume.It is not the intent of this volume to require retrofitting of existing equipment. However, when an item is being modified, its performance requirement shall be reviewed relative to the current volume. If the performance differs substantially, the need to meet the current requirement shall bee evaluated by a qualified person selected by the owner (user). Recommended changes shall be made by the owner (user) within 1 year.

May, 2004 date will be changed to the effective date of this standard

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Notes/Comments

and Gantry Cranes (Top Running Bridge, Single Girder, Underhung Hoist), including addenda A, 1999 and addenda B, 2001

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Notes/Comments

WAC 296-880-220 Hoisting equipment on overhead cranes – SummaryYour responsibility:To make sure hoisting equipment on overhead cranes is used correctly.Sheaves on overhead cranesWAC 296-880-22005Hoisting ropes on overhead cranesWAC 296-880-22010Reeving accessories on overhead cranesWAC 296-880-22015Hooks on overhead cranesWAC 296-880-22020

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Notes/Comments

WAC 296-880-22005 Sheaves on overhead cranesYou must

Make sure sheaves are- Smooth and free from

surface defects that could cause rope damage

- Guarded in a way that prevents the rope from jamming.

11-1.10 Hoisting equipmentManual or powered hoist units used as part of a monorail or underhung crane system shall comply with requirements as stated in ASME B30.16.

17-1.14 Hoisting EquipmentElectrical and mechanical requirements for the hoist shall be in accordance with the provisions of ASME B30.16.

16-1.2.4 Rope Sheaves (electric or air-powered hoists only)(a) The grooves shall be free from surface conditions or damage that could cause accelerated wear or damage to the rope.(b) Sheaves shall be so mounted as to guard against rope jamming in normal conditions.(c) All running sheave bearings except permanently lubricated bearings should be equipped with means for lubrication.

2-1.14.1 Sheaves(a) Sheave grooves shall be free from surface defects which could cause rope damage. The cross sectional radius at the bottom of the groove should be such as to form a close-fitting saddle for the size of rope used. The sides of the groove shall be tapered outward and rounded at the rim to facilitate entrance of the rope into the groove. Flange rims shall run true about the axis of rotation.(b) Sheaves carrying ropes, which can be momentarily unloaded, shall be provided with close-fittting guards, or other devices, to guide the rope back into the groove when the load is reapplied.(c) The sheaves in the bottom block shall be equipped with close-fitting guards that will minimize the possibility of ropes becoming fouled when the block is lying on the ground with the ropes loose.(d) All running sheaves shall be equipped with means for lubrication. Permanently lubricated, sealed, or shielded bearings shall be acceptable.

11 and 17 refer to 30.16 for the hoisting equipment.

These are manufacturer’s requirements; however we added the parts of (a) and (b) that give the employers guidance as to when they need replaced and make sure they’re guarded.

WAC 296-880-22010 Hoisting ropes on overhead cranesYou must

Make sure wire rope is used as follows:- Use only wire ropes

recommended for crane service.- Make sure the rated load divided

by the number of parts of rope does not exceed twenty percent of the minimum breaking

16-1.2.6 Ropes (Electric or Air Powered Hoists only)16.1.2.6(a) The hoisting ropes shall be of a construction recommended for hoist service. The rated load divided by the number of parts (lines) of rope shall not exceed 20% of the nominal breaking strength of the rope. When rope and rope core may be exposed to an environmental condition under which rope or core would be damaged, a rope and core having resistance to the conditions shall be used.

2-1.14.3 Ropes(a) The hoisting ropes shall be of a recommended construction for crane service. The total load (rated load plus weight of load block) divided by the number of parts of line shall not exceed 20% of the minimum breaking strength of the rope.(b) Socketing shall be done in a manner recommended by the rope or fitting manufacturer or a qualified person.(c) Rope shall be secured to the drum as follows:

Used paragraph in its entirety.(e) and (f) are in the next section. (h) of 30.2 is in the repair section.

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Notes/Comments

strength of the rope.- Use rope appropriate for the

conditions, such as environmental conditions and extreme heat.

- Follow the manufacturer's recommendations when socketing.

- Make sure tension in all parts of the rope is equal, if more than one part is used to support the load.

Attach the wire rope to the crane as follows:- The rope end must be anchored

securely by a clamp attached to the drum or a socket arrangement specified by the crane or rope manufacturer.

- There must be enough rope so that at least two wraps of rope are on the drum when the hook is in its lowest position.

16-1.2.6(b) Socketing shall be done in a manner recommended by the rope of fitting manufacturer or a qualified person.16-1.2.6(c) Eye splices shall be made in a manner recommended by the rope or hoist manufacturer or a qualified person. Rope thimbles should be used in the eye.16-1.2.6(g) If a load is supported by more than one part of rope, the tension on the parts shall be equalized.16-1.2.6(c) The rope ends shall be attached to the hoist in a manner to prevent disengagement throughout rated hook travel No less than two wraps of rope shall remain on each anchorage of the hoist drum when the hook is in its extreme low position unless a lower limit device is provided, in which case no less than one wrap shall remain on each anchorage of the drum16-1.2.6(h) Wherever exposed to ambient temperatures at the rope in excess of 180deg F (82degC), rope having an independent wire-rope or wire-strand core, or other temperature-damage-resistant core, shall be used

(1) No less than two wraps of rope shall remain on the drum at each anchorage o the hoisting drum when the hook is in its extreme low position unless a lower-limit device is provided, in which case no less than one wrap shall remain.(2) The rope end shall be anchored by a clamp attached to the drum, or by a socket arrangement specified by the crane or rope manufacturer. The rope clamps shall be tightened evenly to the manufacturer’s recommended torque.

2-1.14.4 Equalizers. If a load is supported by more than one part of rope, the tension in the parts shall be equalized.

2-1.14.3(g) Wherever exposed to ambient temperatures at the rope in excess of 180deg F (82degC), rope having an independent wire-rope or wire-strand core, or other temperature-damage-resistant core, shall be used.

This is covered by “appropriate for the conditions”

WAC 296-880-22015 Reeving accessories on overhead cranesYou must

Use reeving accessories correctly, as follows:

- Attach u-bolts on the dead or short end of the rope, with the live end resting in the saddle (see illustration 200-1)

16-1.2.6(e) Wire-rope clips shall be drop-forged steel of the single saddle (U-bolt) or double saddle type clip. Malleable cast iron clips shall not be used. For spacing, number of clips, and torque values, refer to the clip manufacturer’s recommendation. Wire-rope clips attached with U-bolts shall have the U-bolt over the dead end of the rope and the live rope resting in the clip saddle. Clips shall be tightened evenly to the recommended torque. After the initial

2-1.14.3 (e) Wire rope clips shall be drop-forged steel of the single-saddle (U-bolt) or double-saddle type. Malleable cast iron clips shall not be used. For spacing, number of clips, and torque values, refer to the clip manufacturer’s recommendation. Wire rope clips attached with U-bolts shall have the U-bolt over the dead end of the rope and live rope resting in the clip saddle. Clips shall be tightened evenly to the

Used ANSI paragraph in its entirety.

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Notes/Comments

- Use only drop-forged steel clips, not malleable cast iron

- Follow the clip manufacturer’s recommendation for spacing, number of clips, and tightening evenly to the recommended torque values

- Retighten all nuts on clip bolts after newly installed rope has been in operation for an hour

load is applied to the rope, the clip nuts shall be retightened to the recommended torque to compensate for any decrease in rope diameter caused by the load. Rope clip nuts should be retightened periodically to compensate for any further decrease in rope diameter during usage.

recommended torque. After the initial load is applied to the rope, the clip nuts shall be retightened to the recommended torque to compensate for any decrease in rope diameter caused by the load. Rope clip nuts should be retightened periodically to compensate for any further decrease in rope diameter during usage.

- Make sure swaged or compressed fittings are applied as recommended by the rope or crane manufacturer

16-1.2.6(f) Swaged or compressed fittings shall be applied as recommended by the rope, hoist, or fitting manufacturer or a qualified person.

2-1.14.3(f)Swaged or compressed fittings shall be applied as recommended by the rope, crane, or fitting manufacturer or qualified person.


WAC 296-880-22020 Hooks on overhead cranes

You must: Make sure hooks:

- Are equipped with latches, unless using a latch creates a hazardous condition.

- Meet the manufacturer's recommendations.

- Are not overloaded.

16-1.2.9 Hooks. If hooks are of the swiveling type, they should rotate freely. Hooks shall be equipped with latches unless use of the latch creates a hazardous condition. When required, a latch shall be provided to bridge the throat opening of the hook and retain, under slack conditions, such items as, but not limited to, slings and chains. Refer to ASME B30.10.

2-1.14.5 Hooks. Hooks shall meet the manufacturer’s recommendations and shall not be overloaded. If hooks are of the swiveling type, they should rotate freely. Latch-equipped hooks shall be used unless the application makes the use of the latch impractical or unnecessary. When required, a latch or mousing shall be provided to bridge the throat opening of the hook for the purpose of retaining slings, chains, or other similar parts, under slack conditions (see ASME B30.10)

WAC 296-880-230Inspections, Maintenance and Testing on Overhead CranesYour responsibilityTo keep overhead cranes in safe operating condition by performing regular inspections, maintenance and testing.

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Notes/Comments

Important!

The levels of service (light, normal, heavy, and severe) that determine the frequencies of inspections are defined differently depending on the style of crane you are operating. Use Table 200-1 to find out the level of service for your overhead crane.

(see table 200-1)Initial inspections on overhead cranesWAC 296-880-23005Frequent inspections on overhead cranesWAC 296-880-23010Periodic inspections on overhead cranesWAC 296-880-23015Wire rope replacement on overhead cranesWAC 296-880-23020Chain replacement on overhead cranesWAC 296-880-23025Maintenance and repair on overhead cranesWAC 296-880-23030Repair or replacement of hooks on overhead cranesWAC 296-880-23035Operational tests on overhead cranesWAC 296-880-23040

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Notes/Comments

WAC 296-880-23005Initial Inspections on overhead cranesYou must Make sure a designated person

inspects all cranes before initial use and whenever the equipment has been

─ Altered─ Repaired─ Modified─ Reinstalled

Note: A qualified person can limit the inspection to the areas affected by the alteration, repair or modification

You must

Make sure this inspection includes all items in Table 200-2, Frequent Inspection Checklist, and Table 200-3, Periodic Inspection Checklist.

30.11-2.1.1(a)Initial Inspection. New, reinstalled, altered, repaired, and modified cranes shall be inspected by a designated person prior to initial use to verify compliance with applicable provisions of this volume.

30.17-2.1.1 (a)Initial Inspection. New, reinstalled, altered, repaired, and modified cranes shall be inspected by a designated person prior to initial use to verify compliance with applicable provisions of this volume.30.17-2.1.1(a)(cont.)Inspection of altered, repaired, and modified cranes may be limited to the provisions affected by the alteration, repair, or modification, as determined by a qualified person.

30.2-2.1.1(a)Initial Inspection. New, reinstalled, altered, repaired, and modified cranes shall be inspected by a designated person prior to initial use to verify compliance with applicable provisions of this volume.30.2-2.1.1(a)(cont.)Inspection of altered, repaired, and modified cranes may be limited to the provisions affected by the alteration, repair, or modification, as determined by a qualified person.

30.11 doesn’t have the piece about limiting the inspection, but putting it in as a note gives users an option, doesn’t change requirements.

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Notes/Comments

WAC 296-880-23010Frequent inspections on overhead cranes You must Make sure a designated person

conducts frequent inspections as follows:– Inspect all items in Table 200-2,

Frequent Inspection Checklist.– Examine any problems observed

during the operation of the crane.– Have a designated person

conduct a more detailed inspection if hazardous conditions are found.

Make sure the crane is not used until any hazardous conditions found during the inspection have been corrected.

30.11-2.1.4(a)Equipment that has been idle for a period of one month or more, but less than one year, shall be inspected in accordance with para. 11-2.1.2 before being placed into service.30.11-2.1.2(a)Frequent inspections shall be performed at intervals defined in para. 11-2.1.1(b)(1) and shall include observations during operation.30.11-2.1.2(c)A designated person shall determine whether conditions found during the inspection constitute a hazard and require a more detailed inspection.30.11-2.3.3(a) Any condition disclosed by the inspections performed in accordance with the requirements of Section 11-2.1, that is determined to be a hazard to continued operation, shall be corrected by adjustment, repair, or replacement before continuing the use of the equipment.

30.17-2.1.4(a)A crane that is used in infrequent service, which has been idle for a period of one month or more, but less than 1 year, shall be inspected before being placed in service in accordance with the requirements listed in para. 17-2.1.2.

30.17-2.1.2(a)Frequent inspection shall include observations during operation.

30.17-2.1.2(b)A designated person shall determine whether conditions found during the inspection constitute a hazard and a more detailed inspection is required.2-17.3.3(a) Any condition disclosed by the inspections performed in accordance with the requirements of Section 17-2.1, that is determined to be a hazard to continued operation, shall be corrected by adjustment, repair, or replacement before continuing to use the crane.

30.2-2.1.4(a)A crane that is used in infrequent service, which has been idle for a period of one month or more, but less than 1 year, shall be inspected before being placed in service in accordance with the requirements listed in para. 2-2.1.2.30.2-2.1.2(a)Frequent inspection shall include observations during operation.30.2-2.1.2(b)A designated person shall determine whether conditions found during the inspection constitute a hazard and whether a more detailed inspection is required.2-2.3.3(a) Any condition disclosed by the inspections performed in accordance with the requirements of Section 2-2.1, that is determined to be a hazard to continued operation, shall be corrected by adjustment, repair, or replacement before continuing the use of the equipment.

Used ANSI paragraphs in their entirety.

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Notes/Comments

Table 200-2 30.11-2.1.2(b)Hoist inspections shall be in accordance wit ASME B30.16, para. 16-2.1.2, Frequent inspection.30.11-2.1.2(d)The upper limit device on the hoist shall be checked, without a load on the hook, at the beginning of each work shift. Care shall be exercised. The load block shall be inched into its limit or run in at low speed.30.11-2.1.2(e)Other items to be checked based on classification of service include the following:

1) operating mechanisms for proper operation, proper adjustment, and unusual sounds;

2) tanks, valves, pumps, lines, and other parts of air or hydraulic systems for leakage.

30.17-2.1.2(c) The following items shall be inspected:1) operating mechanisms for proper

operation, proper adjustment, and unusual sounds

2) upper-limit device(s) in accordance with ASME B30.16

3) tanks, valves, pumps, lines, and other parts of air or hydraulic systems for leakage;

4) hooks and hook latches (if used) in accordance with ASME B30.10;

5) hoists in accordance with ASME B30.16.

2-2.1.2(c) The following items shall be inspected

1. operating mechanisms for proper operation, proper adjustment, and unusual sounds2. upper-limit device(s) in accordance with para. 2-3.2.4(a);3. tanks, valves, pumps, lines, and other parts of air or hydraulic systems for leakage;4. hooks and hook latches (if used) in accordance with ASME B30.10;5. hoist ropes and end connections in accordance with para. 2-2.4.1(a); and6. rope of proper spooling onto the drum(s) and sheave(s).

Used ANSI paragraphs in entirety. 30.11 refers us to 30.16, which covers hooks (16-2.1.2(c)(5)

WAC 296-880-23015Periodic inspections on overhead cranes

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Notes/Comments

You must Make sure a designated person

conducts periodic inspections as follows:– Inspect all items listed in both

Table 200-2, Frequent Inspection Checklist, and Table 200-3, Periodic Inspection Checklist.

– Make sure a designated person determines whether disassembly of one or more components or pieces of equipment for additional inspection is needed as a result of any hazardous conditions found during the periodic inspection.

Make sure the crane is not used until any hazardous conditions found during the inspection have been corrected.

Keep current dated inspection records for periodic inspections on file.

30.11-2.1.1(b)(2)Periodic inspection. Visual inspection by an appointed person making records of apparent external conditions to provide the to provide the basis for a continuing evaluation, as follows:

a) normal service, equipment in place, annually;

b) heavy service – as in (a) normal service, unless external conditions indicate that disassembly should be done to permit detailed inspection, semiannually;

c) severe service – as in (b), heavy service, quarterly

30.11-2.1.4(b)Equipment that has been idle for a period of one year or more shall be inspected in accordance with para. 11-2.1.330.11-2.1.3(c) A qualified person shall examine any deficiencies found during the inspection to determine whether conditions found constitute a hazard, require disassembly for further inspection, or require replacement.30.11-2.3.3(a)Any condition disclosed by the inspections performed in accordance with the requirements of Section 11-2.1 that is determined to be a hazard to continued operation shall be corrected by adjustment, repair, or replacement before continuing the use of the equipment.30.11-2.1.5Dated inspection reports or comparable

30.17-2.1.1(b)(2)Periodic Inspection. Visual inspections of the equipment in place conducted by a designated person making records of apparent external conditions to provide the basis for a continuing evaluation, as follows:(a) normal service – yearly(b) heavy service – yearly(c) severe service – quarterly

30.17-2.1.4(b)A crane that is used in infrequent service, which has been idle for one year or more, shall be inspected before being placed in service in accordance with the requirements listed in para. 17-2.1.3.17-2.1.3(a) A designated person shall determine whether conditions found during inspection constitute a hazard and disassembly is required for additional inspection.17-2.3.3(a)Any condition disclosed by the inspections performed in accordance with the requirements of Section 17-2.1 that is determined to be a hazard to continued operation shall be corrected by adjustment, repair, or replacement before continuing to use the crane.17-2.1.5 Inspection Records.Dated inspection reports or comparable records shall be made on critical items such as hoisting machinery, sheaves, hooks, chains, ropes, and other lifting devices as listed in para. 17-2.1.3 and ASME B30.16. Records shall be placed on file.

30.2-2.1.1(b)(2)Periodic Inspection. Visual inspection of the equipment in place by a designated person making records of apparent external conditions to provide the basis for a continuing evaluation, as follows:(a) normal service – yearly(b) heavy service – yearly(c) severe service – quarterly

30.2-2.1.4(b)A crane that is used in infrequent service, which has been idle for a period of 1 year or more, shall be inspected before being placed in service in accordance with the requirements listed in para. 2-2.1.330.2-2.1.3(a) A designated person shall determine whether conditions found during inspection constitute a hazard and whether disassembly is required for additional inspection.30.2-2.3.3(a)Any condition disclosed by the inspections performed in accordance with the requirements of section 2-2.1, that is determined to be a hazard to continued operation, shall be corrected by adjustment, repair, or replacement before continuing the use of the crane.30.2-2.1.5 Inspection Records. Dated inspection reports of comparable records shall be made on critical items such as hoisting machinery, sheaves, hooks, chains, ropes, and other lifting devices as listed in para. 2-2.1.3. Records shall be placed on file.

ANSI paragraph used in its entirety.

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Notes/Comments

Table 200-3 30.11-2.1.3(e)the equipment shall also be inspected for evidence of the following:1) deformed, cracked, or corroded

members;2) loose bolts, nuts, or rivets; 3) cracked or worn sheaves and

drums;4) worn, cracked, or distorted parts

such as pins, bearings, wheels, shafts, gears, rollers, locking and clamping devices, bumpers, switch baffles, interlock bolts, and end stops;

5) excessive wear of brake system parts;

6) excessive wear of chain drive sprockets and excessive chain stretch;

7) deterioration of controllers, master switches, contacts, limit devices, and push-button stations, but not limited to these items;

8) excessive wear of drive tires;9) excessive wear or deformation of

the lower load-carrying flange of all track sections in the system, both straight and curved;

10) illegibility of function labels.

11-2.1.3(b) Hoist inspection shall be in accordance with ASME B30.16, para. 16-2.1.3, Periodic Inspection

17-2.1.3(b) The inspection shall include the items listed in para. 17-2.1.2(c) and the following items, as applicable:1) deformed, cracked or corroded

members;2) loose or missing bolts, nuts, pins, or

rivets;3) cracked or worn sheaves and drums;4) worn, cracked, or distorted parts such

as pins, bearings, wheels, shafts, gears, rollers, locking and clamping devices, bumpers, and stops;

5) excessive wear of brake system parts;6) excessive wear of drive chain

sprockets and excessive drive chain stretch;

7) deterioration of controllers, master switches, contacts, limit switches, and push button stations, but not limited to these items;

8) wind indicators for proper operation;9) gasoline, diesel, electric, or other

power plants for proper operation;10) motion limit devices that interrupt

power or cause a warning to be activated for proper performance. Each motion shall be inched or operated at low speed into the device with no load on the crane.

11) controller function labels for legibility and replacement;

12) hoists in accordance with ASME B30.16.

30.2-2.1.3(b) the inspection shall include the items listed in para. 2-2.1.2(c) and the following items, as applicable:

(1) deformed, cracked, or corroded members;(2) loose or missing bolts, nuts, pins, or rivets;(3) cracked or worn sheaves and drums;(4) worn, cracked, or distorted parts such as pins, bearings, wheels, shafts, gears, rollers, locking and clamping devices, bumpers, and stops;(5) excessive wear of brake system parts;(6) excessive wear of drive chain sprockets and excessive drive chain stretch(7) deterioration of controllers, master switches, contacts, limit switches, and push-button stations, but not limited to these items;(8) wind indicators for proper operation;(9) gasoline, diesel, electric, or other power plants for proper operation;(10) motion limit devices that interrupt power or cause a warning to be activated for proper performance. Each motion shall be inched or operated at low speed into the limit device with no load on the crane;(11) rope reeving for compliance with crane manufacturer’s design; and(12) all function, instruction, caution, and warning labels or plates for legibility and replacement.

ANSI paragraph used in its entirety.

Rope reeving is mentioned in the frequent inspection table, so it’s not necessary to repeat it in the periodic.

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Notes/Comments

WAC 296-880-23020Wire rope replacement on overhead cranes

Important! This section applies to wire-ropes operating on steel sheaves and drums. If you use other sheaves and drums, contact the manufacturer or a qualified person for removal criteria.

16-2.4.2 Rope Replacement(c) Broken wire removal criteria, in this volume, applies to wire ropes operating on steel sheaves and drums. The user shall contact the sheave, drum or hoist manufacturer, or qualified person, for broken wire removal criteria for wire ropes operating on sheaves and drums made of material other than steel.

26-2.4.2(c)Broken wire removal criteria, in this volume, applies to wire-ropes operating on steel sheaves and drums. The user shall contact the sheave, drum or hoist manufacturer, or qualified person, for broken wire removal criteria for wire-ropes operating on sheaves and drums made of material other than steel.

(17 and 11 refer the user to 30.16, the hoist ANSI)

You must

Make sure wire rope is replaced when it shows ANY of the following:– One outer wire broken at the

contact point that protrudes or loops out from the rope structure.

– Wear of 1/3 the original diameter of outside individual wires.

– Kinking, crushing, birdcaging, or any other damage resulting in distortion of rope structure.

– Evidence of heat damage from any cause.

– Running rope with:o Twelve randomly distributed

broken wires in one lay.o Four broken wires in one

strand in one lay.– Reduction from nominal

diameter greater than the manufacturer's recommendation.o If manufacturer's

recommendations are not available, refer to Table 200-4

16-2.4.2(b)Removal criteria for the rope replacement shall be as follows:

1) in running ropes, twelve randomly distributed broken wires in one lay or four broken wires in one strand in one lay.

2) one outer wire broken at the contact point with the core of the rope, which has worked its way out of the rope structure and protrudes or loops out from the rope structure

3) wear of one-third the original diameter of outside individual wires

4) kinking, crushing, birdcaging, or any other damage resulting in distortion of the rope structure

5) evidence of heat damage from any cause

6) reductions from nominal diameter greater than those listed below

2-2.4.2(b) Removal criteria for rope replacement shall be as follows:1) in running ropes, twelve randomly

distributed broken wires in one lay or four broken wires in one strand in one lay.

2) one outer wire broken at the contact point with the core of the rope, which has worked its way out of the rope structure and protrudes or loops out from the rope structure

3) wear of one-third the original diameter of outside individual wires

4) kinking, crushing, birdcaging, or any other damage resulting in distortion of the rope structure

5) evidence of heat damage from any cause

6) reductions from nominal diameter greater than those listed below

Used ANSI paragraph in entirety, except for (d) which is a “should” (a) is in the next section.

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Notes/Comments

Have a qualified person determine when to replace wire rope:– Immediately.– At the end of the work shift.– Before the next use of the crane.

16-2.4.2(a)No precise rules can be given for determination of the exact time for rope replacement, since many variable factors are involved. Once a rope reaches any one of the specified removal criteria, it may be allowed to operate to the end of the work shift, based on the judgment of a qualified person. The rope shall be replaced after that work shift, at the end of the day, or at the latest time prior to the equipment being used by the next work shift.

30.2-2.4.2(a) No precise rules can be given for determination of the exact time for rope replacement, since many variable factors are involved. Once a rope reaches any one of the specified removal criteria, it may be allowed to operate to the end of the work shift, based on the judgment of a qualified person. The rope shall be replaced after that work shift, at the end of the day, or at the latest time prior to the equipment being used by the next work shift.

Make sure replacement wire rope and connections are the same size, type, grade, construction and strength unless specified otherwise by either:- The rope, crane, or hoist

manufacturer;or

- A qualified person.

16-2.4.2(e)Replacement rope and connections shall have a strength rating at least as great as the original rope and connections furnished by the hoist manufacturer. Any deviation from the original size, grade, or construction shall be specified by a rope manufacturer, the hoist manufacturer, or a qualified person.

30.2-2.4.2(e) Replacement rope and connections shall have a strength rating at least equal to the rating of the original rope and connections specified by the hoist manufacturer. Any deviation from the original size, grade, or construction of the rope shall be specified by a rope manufacturer, the crane or hoist manufacturer, or a qualified person.

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Notes/Comments

WAC 296-880-23025 Chain replacement on overhead cranes

You must:Follow the requirements in Table 200-5 for replacing chain.

(Table 200-5)

30.1616-2.5.2 Welded link chain replacement(a) If the used chain exceeds the hoist manufacturer’s recommended length (or in the absence of such recommendation, if the used chain for hand chain operated hoists is 2 ½% longer than the unused chain, or the used chain for powered hoists is 1 ½% longer than the unused chain) replace the chain. Repairing of load chain by welding or any other means shall not be attempted by anyone other than the chain manufacturer.16-2.5.2(c) Replacement chain shall be the same size, grade, and construction as the original chain furnished by the hoist manufacturer, unless otherwise recommended by the hoist manufacturer or a qualified person due to actual working conditions.16-2.5.2(e) The chain shall be installed without any twist between the hoist and an anchored end on either the loaded side or the slack side(f) When chain is replaced, disassemble and inspect the mating parts (sprockets, guides, stripper) for wear and replace if necessary(g) Discarded load chains shall not be used for slings.

16-2.6.2 Roller Chain Replacement(a) Roller chains shall be replaced if any of the conditions exist as stated in para. 16-2.6.1(c). Repairing the roller chain by welding or heating shall not be attempted.16-2.6.2(c)(2) Check chain for twist. The chain shall be replaced if the twist in any 5 ft. section exceeds 15 deg.(3)Check for side bow in plane perpendicular to plane of roller. A chain that has a side bow exceeding ¼ in. in any 5 ft. section shall be replaced.16.2.6.1(c) (1) Check chain for elongation as outlined in the hoist manufacturer’s manual. In absence of specific instructions, the chain can be checked by determining the nominal pitch and measuring a 12 in. (305 mm) section of chain that normally travels over the chain sprocket. Using a caliper-type gauge, check the dimension from the edge of one chain pin to the corresponding edge of another pin for the number of pitches per foot. If elongation exceeds ¼ in. in 12 in., the chain shall be replaced.16-2.6.2(c) Replacement chain shall be the same size, grade, and construction as the original chain furnished by the hoist manufacturer unless otherwise recommended by the hoist manufacturer or qualified person due to actual working conditions.

Again, out of 30-16 which is where the chain requirements are. The types covered by 30.2 do not use chain

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Notes/Comments

(d) When chain is replaced, disassemble and inspect the mating parts (sprockets, guides, stripper) for wear and replace if necessary. (e) When chain is replaced, it should be reeved as outlined in the hoist manufacturer’s manual and should operate freely over all load and idler sprockets. All connecting links and chain end fastenings should be inspected and properly secured. The selection and installation of connecting links should be as outlined in the hoist manufacturer’s manual or as determined by a qualified person.(f) Discarded roller chains shall not be used for slings.

WAC 296-880-23030Maintenance and repair on overhead cranesYou must1. Make sure only designated persons perform maintenance tasks including adjusting, repairing, and replacing crane parts.

30.11-2.3.3(a) Any condition disclosed by the inspections performed in accordance with the requirements of Section 11-2.1 that is determined to be a hazard to continued operation shall be corrected by adjustment, repair, or replacement before continuing the use of the equipment. (b)Adjustments, repairs, and replacements shall be performed by designated personnel.

17-2.3.3(a) Any condition disclosed by the inspections performed in accordance with the requirements of Section 17-2.1 that is determined to be a hazard to continued operation shall be corrected by adjustment, repair or replacement before continuing use.(b)Adjustments, repairs, and replacements shall be performed by designated personnel.

30.2-2.3.3(b) Adjustments, repairs, and replacements shall be performed by designated personnel.

Used paragraph in its entirety.

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Notes/Comments

(2) Make sure ALL of the following are done BEFORE performing maintenance, adjustments, or repairs on a crane or hoist:

Move the crane to a location resulting in the least interference with other cranes, carriers, or operations.

Set the load down. Place controllers in the "OFF"

position. Install a guard or barrier between

adjacent runways for the length of the work area to prevent contact between maintenance workers and a crane on the adjacent runway.

Reference: See additional requirements in chapter 296-803 WAC, Lockout/tagout, when performing maintenance, adjustments or repairs.

30.11-2.3.2(a)Before adjustments and repairs are started, the following precautions shall be taken as applicable:1) The crane or monorail carrier to be

repaired shall be moved to a location where it will cause the least interference with other cranes or carriers on the system and operations in the area.

2) All controllers shall be placed in the off condition.

3) Main power disconnect shall be deenergized and locked, tagged, or flagged in the deenergized position.

4) Effective markings and barriers shall be utilized where the maintenance work creates a hazardous area on the floor beneath the crane or monorail.

17-2.3.2(a) The following precautions shall be taken before performing maintenance on a crane:(1) The crane shall be moved to a location

where it will cause the least interference with other cranes and operations in the area.

(1) If a load is attached to the crane, it shall be landed

(2) All controllers shall be placed in the off position

(3) a lockout/tagout procedure shall be performed (see para. 2-3.5.1).

(4) Warning signs and barriers shall be utilized on the floor beneath the crane where overhead maintenance work creates a hazard.

30.2-2.3.2(a) the following precautions shall be taken before performing maintenance on a crane:(1) The crane shall be moved to a location

where it will cause the least interference with other cranes and operations in the area.

(2) If a load is attached to the crane, it shall be landed

(3) All controllers shall be placed in the off position

(4) a lockout/tagout procedure shall be performed (see para. 2-3.5.1).

(5) Warning signs and barriers shall be utilized on the floor beneath the crane where overhead maintenance work creates a hazard.


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Notes/Comments

You must

(3) Make sure ALL of the following are done BEFORE performing maintenance on a crane system, including the crane runway, its support structure, runway conductor systems or areas in the path of travel of the crane bridge or trolley:

Place warning signs and barriers on the floor beneath the work area if the overhead work creates a hazard.Install a guard or barrier between adjacent runways for the length of the work area to prevent contact between persons performing maintenance and a crane on the adjacent runway.

11-2.3.2 Maintenance Procedure(a) Before adjustments and repairs are started, the following precautions shall be taken as applicable:

(4) Effective markings and barriers shall be utilized where the maintenance work creates a hazardous area on the floor beneath the crane or monorail.

17-2.3.2(b) The following precautions shall be taken before performing maintenance on a crane runway, the runway support structure, the runway conductor system, or the areas of the building in the path of travel of the crane bridge or trolley:17-2.3.2(b)(2) Warning signs and barriers shall be used on the floor beneath the crane where overhead maintenance work creates a hazard.14-2.3.2(b)(4)A guard or barrier shall be installed between adjacent runways for the length of the established work area to prevent contact between persons performing maintenance and a crane on the adjacent runway.

2-2.3.2(b)The following precautions shall be taken before performing maintenance on a crane runway, the runway support structure, the runway conductor system, or the areas of the building in the path of travel of the crane bridge or trolley:2-2.3.2(b)(2) Warning signs and barriers shall be utilized on the floor beneath the area where overhead maintenance work creates a hazard.2-2.3.2(b)(4) A guard or barrier shall be installed between adjacent runways for the length of any established work area to prevent contact between persons performing maintenance and a crane on an adjacent runway.


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Notes/Comments

(4) Make sure either of the following are done if the runway will be used by other cranes during maintenance:

Use stops to prohibit an active crane from contacting:- The idle crane.- Maintenance workers.- Maintenance equipment.

OR

Provide a dedicated signal person at a visual vantage point for observing the approach of other cranes.

5) Where other cranes or carriers are in operation on the same runways or monorail track, rail stops or other means shall be provided to prevent interference with the idle equipment.

6) Where temporary protective rail stops are not possible, available, or practical, a signalperson shall be placed at a visual vantage point for observing the approach of an active unit and warning its operator when reaching the limit of safe distance from the idle unit.

(5) If the runway remains energized, stops or a signalperson(s), located full-time at a visual vantage point for observing the approach of an active crane(s), shall be provided to prohibit contact by the active crane(s) with the idle crane, with persons performing maintenance, and with equipment used in performing the maintenance.

(6) A guard or barrier shall be installed between adjacent runways for the length of the established work area to prevent contact between persons performing maintenance and a crane on the adjacent runway.

(7) Crane travel shall be prohibited or restricted while a person is on a service platform and the overhead clearance is less than 78 in. (1980mm) at any location in the path of the crane.

(1) If the runway remains energized, stops or a signalperson(s), located full-time at a visual vantage point for observing the approach of an active crane(s), shall be provided to prohibit contact by the active crane(s) with the idle crane, with persons performing maintenance, and with equipment used in performing the maintenance.

(2) A guard or barrier shall be installed between adjacent runways for the length of any established work area to prevent contact between persons performing maintenance and a crane on the adjacent runway.

2-1.7.1(b) Crane travel shall be prohibited or restricted while a person is on a service platform and the overhead clearance is less than 78 in. (1980mm) at any location in the path of the travel of the crane.


Note: 30.11 would not have an energized runway.

WAC 296-880-23035Repair or replacement of hooks on overhead cranes You must:

Make sure a qualified person determines if a damaged hook needs to be replaced or can be repaired.

Repair or replace a hook when it shows:– Cracks, nicks or gouges.– Wear of more than ten percent of

the original sectional dimension, or as recommended by the manufacturer.

– A bend or twist exceeding ten

30.10 (This is the hook ANSI, that the other ANSIs refer to on this issue)30.10-1.2.3(a) Any conditions disclosed by the inspections performed in accordance with the requirements of paras. 10-1.2.1.2 or 10-1.2.1.3 shall be corrected by repair or replacement before continuing to use the hook.Hooks shall be removed from service unless a qualified person approves their continued use and initiates corrective action.

The ANSIs all send us to 30.10 under repairs and replacements, which is the hook ANSI.

Note: this ANSI is being republished, so the criteria may be changing before we re-submit this rule.

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Notes/Comments

degrees from the plane of the unbent hook.

– An increase in the throat opening of more than fifteen percent of the original sectional dimension, or as recommended by the manufacturer.

Follow these requirements when repairing a hook:– Only a designated person can

repair cracks, nicks and gouges.– Grind longitudinally.– Follow the contour of the hook.– The dimension of the hook must

NOT be reduced more than ten percent of its original value, unless otherwise recommended by the manufacturer.

(b) Hooks having damage or wear described as follows shall be repaired or replaced:(1) cracks, nicks or gouges(2) wear exceeding 10% (or as

recommended by the manufacturer) of the original sectional dimension;

(3) a bend or twist exceeding 10 deg from the plane of the unbent hook;

(4) an increase in the throat opening exceeding 15% (or as recommended by the manufacturer)

(5) inability of self-locking hooks to lock

30.10-1.2.3(e) Repair of cracks, nicks, and gouges shall be carried out by a designated person by grinding longitudinally, following the contour of the hook, provided no dimension is reduced more than 10% (or as recommended by the manufacturer) of its original value.(f) all other repairs shall be performed by the manufacturer or a qualified person.

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Notes/Comments

WAC 296-880-23040Operational tests on overhead cranes

You must: Make sure operational tests are

performed on new and altered cranes. Testing must include:– Hoisting and lowering.– Trolley travel.– Bridge travel.– Limit switches, locking and

safety devices.Note: A qualified person may limit the testing to the functions affected by the repair or alterationYou must

Determine the trip setting of hoist limit switches as follows:– Use an empty hook.– Make a series of runs at

increasing hook speeds, up to the maximum speed.

Locate the actuating mechanisms of the limit switch so it will trip under all conditions, soon enough to prevent contact of the hook or load block with any part of the trolley.

11-2.2.1 Operation Tests(a) new and reinstalled equipment shall be tested prior to initial use to verify compliance with this volume. (b) Tests shall include, as applicable, the following functions:(1) lifting and lowering(2) carrier travel(2) Bridge travel(4) hoist upper limit of travel device (the trip setting of hoist-limit devices shall be determined by tests with an empty hook comprising a series of runs, each at increasing speeds up to the maximum speed unless the hoist has only a single speed; the actuating mechanisms of the upper-limit device shall be located or adjusted so that it will trip the device in sufficient time to prevent contact of the load block or load with any part of the carrier or bridge);(5) trolley-travel-limiting devices; and(6) locking and safety devices for interlocking mechanisms, track switches, drop sections, and lift sections.

17-2.2.1 Operational Tests(a) new, reinstalled, altered, repaired, and modified cranes shall be tested by a designated person prior to initial use to verify compliance with this volume. (b) Tests shall include, as applicable, the following functions:(1) lifting and lowering(2) trolley travel(2) Bridge travel(4) hoist upper limit of travel device (the trip setting of hoist-limit devices shall be determined by tests with an empty hook comprising a series of runs, each at increasing speeds up to the maximum speed unless the hoist has only a single speed; the actuating mechanisms of the upper-limit device shall be located or adjusted so that it will trip the device in sufficient time to prevent contact of the load block or load with any part of the carrier or bridge);(5) -travel-limiting devices; (6) locking and indicating devices, if provided.

2-2.2.1 Operational Tests(a) New, reinstalled, altered, repaired, and modified cranes shall be tested by a designated person prior to initial use to ensure compliance with this volume.(b) Tests shall include, as applicable, the following functions:(1) Lifting and lowering(2) trolley travel(3) bridge travel(4) hoist-limit devices.(a) the trip setting of hoist limit devices shall be determined by tests with an empty hook comprising a series of runs, each at increasing hook speed up to the maximum speed, unless the hoist has only a single speed;(b) the actuating mechanism of the upper-limit device shall be located or adjusted so that it will trip the device in sufficient time to prevent contact of the load block or load with any part of the trolley or bridge;(5) travel-limiting devices; and(locking and indicating devices, if provided.

Used ANSI in its entirety.

(c) Altered, repaired, and modified cranes shall be tested. Tests may be limited to the functions affected by the alteration, repair, or modification, as determined by a qualified person.

(c) Operational testing of altered, repaired, and modified may be limited to the functions affected by the alteration, repair, or modification, as determined by a qualified person.

(c) operational testing of altered, repaired, and modified cranes may be limited to the functions affected by the alteration, repair, or modification, as determined by a qualified person.

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Notes/Comments

WAC 296-880-240Operating the CraneYour Responsibility:To make sure overhead cranes are operated safelyOverhead crane operator requirementsWAC 296-880-24005Attaching the load to overhead cranesWAC 296-880-24010Operating overhead cranesWAC 296-880-24015WAC 296-880-24005Overhead crane operator requirementsYou must: Make sure only these people operate

a crane:- Designated persons who

have successfully passed a practical operating exam for the specific type of equipment they will operate

- Trainees, under the direct supervision of a designated person

- Crane inspectors- Maintenance and test

personnel, with the knowledge of the operator or other designated person

Make sure only the following people enter the cab of a crane, and only when their duties require them to do so and the operator or supervisor knows about it:- People listed above

11-3.1.1(a)Equipment shall be operated only by the following personnel:

(1) designated persons(2) trainees under the

direct supervision of a designated person;

(3) maintenance and test personnel, when it is necessary in the performance of their duties(4) inspectors

(b) No one, other than personnel specified in (a) above, shall enter a crane cab or pulpit, with the exception of persons such as oilers and supervisors whose duties require them to do so, and then only in the performance of their duties and with the knowledge of the operator or other appointed person.

17-3.1.1(a)Cranes shall be operated only by the following personnel:

(1) designated persons(2) trainees under the direct

supervision of a designated person;(3) maintenance and test personnel, when it is necessary in the performance of their duties(4) inspectors

(b) No one, other than personnel specified in (a) above, shall enter a crane cab or pulpit, with the exception of persons such as oilers and supervisors whose duties require them to do so, and then only in the performance of their duties and with the knowledge of the operator or other appointed person.

2-3.1.1 Operators of Cab-Operated and Pulpit-Operated Cranes(a) Cranes shall be operated only by the following qualified personnel:(1) designated persons;(2) trainees under the direct supervision of a designated person; and(3) maintenance and test personnel, when it is necessary in the performance of their duties.

(b) No one other than personnel specified in para. 2-3.1.1(a) shall enter a crane cab or pulpit, with the exception of persons such as oilers and supervisors, whose duties require them to do so, and then only in the performance of their duties and with the knowledge of the operator or other appointed person.


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Notes/Comments

- Oilers- Supervisor

Specific people authorized by supervisors

WAC 296-880-24010Attaching the load to overhead cranes (1) Make sure the load is within the specifications of the load rating chart, except for load testing (2) Make sure the load lines and attachments meet the following: Keep the hoist rope from kinking or

wrapping around the load. Keep multiple part lines from twisting

around each other. Bring the hook over the load in a way

that prevents swinging. Attach the load to the hook with

slings or other approved devices. Secure the load and balance it

before lifting more than a few inches. Balance the load so no units exceed

their rated load capacity, when using multiple hoisting units.

Make sure the chain or rope is properly seated if there has been a slack condition

11-3.2.1 Load Weight. The equipment shall not be loaded in excess of its rated load except for test purposes as provided in para. 11-2.2.2 or for planned engineered lifts as provided in para. 11-3.2.4.

11-3.2.3(c) During lifting, care shall be taken that:

1) there is no sudden acceleration or deceleration of the moving load;

2) the load does not contact any obstructions

(4) it should be determined that the chain or rope is properly seated on the chain sprocket or in the drum groove if there is or has been a slack chain or rope condition.11-3.2.1 Load Weight. The equipment shall not be loaded in excess of its rated load except for test purposes as provided in para. 11-2.2.2 or for planned engineered lifts as provided in para. 11-3.2.4.

17-3.2.1(a) the crane shall not be loaded in excess of its rated load except for test purposes as provided in para. 17-2.2.2 or for planned engineered lifts as provided in para. 17-3.2.1.1.

17-3.2.2 (a) The hoist chain or hoist rope shall be free from kinks or twist and shall not be wrapped around the load. (a) The load shall be attached to the load block hook by means of slings or other devices(b) Care shall be taken to make certain that the load, sling, attachments, and load block clear all obstacles.

17-3.2.3(b) During lifting, care shall be taken that:1) there is no sudden acceleration or deceleration of the moving load;2) the load does not contact any obstructions.(6) the rope is seated in the drum grooves and in the sheaves, if there is or has been a slack rope condition.17-3.2.1(a) the crane shall not be loaded in excess of its rated load except for test purposes as provided in para. 17-2.2.2 or for planned engineered lifts as provided in para. 17-3.2.1.1.(b) When multiple hoists are used for lifting

2-3.2.1(a) The crane shall not be loaded in excess of its rated load except for test purposes, as provided in para. 2-2.2.2, or for planned engineered lifts, as provided in para. 2-3.2.1.1.

2-3.2.3(b) During lifting, care shall be taken that1) there is no sudden acceleration or deceleration of the moving load, and2) the load does not contact any obstructions.(6) the rope is seated in the drum grooves and in the sheaves, if there is or has been a slack rope condition.2-3.1.7(q)If the crane has more than one hoisting unit, the operator shall only lift loads, with two or more hoisting units that are within the rated load of the crane.2-3.2.1(b) The combined load applied to more than one hoisting unit shall not exceed the rated load of the crane when the crane has more than one hoisting unit.

Used ANSI paragraphs in entirety, except for “shoulds”.

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Notes/Comments

a load, the combined load applied to more than one hoisting unit shall not exceed the rated load of the crane.

WAC 296-880-24015Operate overhead cranes safely(1) Make sure one qualified person is in charge of any lift that will use two or more cranes. The qualified person must instruct the other operators about:

Proper positioning. Rigging the load. Movements to be made.

11-3.2.3(i) When two or more pieces of equipment are used to lift a load, one qualified person shall be in charge of the operation. This person shall analyze the operation and instruct all personnel involved in the proper positioning and rigging of the load and the movements to be made.

17-3.2.3(I) When two or more cranes are used to lift a load, one qualified person shall be in charge of the operation. This person shall analyze the operation and instruct other personnel involved in the proper positioning, rigging of the load, and the movements to be made.

2-3.2.3(i) When two or more pieces of equipment are used to lift a load, one qualified person shall be in charge of the operation. This person shall analyze the operation and instruct other personnel involved in the proper positioning, rigging of the load, and the movements to be made.

(2) Make sure the operator consults with their supervisor whenever they have a question about the safety of handling any load. Make sure the crane operator notifies

the supervisor and the next operator of any uncorrected defect in the crane.

11-3.1.5(d) Each operator shall be responsible for those operations under the operator’s direct control. Whenever there is any doubt as to safety, the operator shall consult with the supervisor before handling the loads.11-3.1.5(j) The operator shall be familiar with the equipment and its proper care. If adjustments or repairs are necessary, or any defects are known, the operator shall report the same promptly to the appointed person who shall be responsible for the operation and maintenance repairs of the crane. The operator shall also notify the next operator of any remaining uncorrected defects upon changing shifts.

17-3.1.5(d) Each operator shall be responsible for those operations under the operator’s direct control. Whenever there is any doubt as to safety, the operator shall consult with the supervisor before handling the loads.17-3.1.5(i) The operator shall be familiar with the equipment and its proper care. If adjustments or repairs are necessary, the operator shall report the same promptly to the appointed person who shall be responsible for the operation and maintenance repairs of the crane. The operator shall also notify the next operator of any remaining uncorrected defects upon changing shifts.

2-3.1.7(d) Each operator shall be responsible for those operations under the operator’s direct control. Whenever there is doubt as to safety, the operator shall consult with the supervisor before handling the loads.2-3.1.7(j) The operator shall be familiar with the equipment and its proper care. If adjustments or repairs are necessary, or any defects are known, the operator shall report the same promptly to the appointed person who shall be responsible for the operation and maintenance repairs of the crane. The operator shall also notify the next operator of any remaining uncorrected defects upon changing shifts.

Used ANSI paragraphs in entirety, except for “shoulds”.

(3) Make sure the operator doesn’t engage in any practice that diverts their attention while actually engaged in operating equipment.

30.11-3.1.5(a) the operator shall not engage in any practice that will divert attention while actually engaged in operating the equipment.

17-3.1.5(a) The operator shall not engage in any practice that will divert the operator’s attention while actually engaged in operating the crane.

3.1.7(a) The operator shall not engage in any practice that will divert attention while actually engaged in operating the equipment.

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Notes/Comments

(4) Make sure the operator obeys any stop signal given by any worker.

11-3.1.5(c) The operator shall respond to signals from the person who is directing the lift, or an appointed signalperson. When a signalperson is not required as part of the crane operation, the operator is then responsible for the lifts. However, the operator shall obey a stop signal at all times, no matter who gives it.

17-3.1.5(c) The operator shall respond to signals from the person who is directing the lift, or an appointed signalperson. When a signalperson or a crane follower is not required as part of the crane operation, the operator is then responsible for the lifts. The operator shall obey a stop signal at all times, however, no matter who gives it.

2-3.1.7(c)(3) be responsible for the lifts when a signalperson or crane follower is not required as part of the crane operation;4) open the magnet switch upon request from the person on the ground, who shall wait for a signal from the operator that the magnet is deenergized; and5) obey a stop signal at all times, no matter who gives it

Used ANSI to add this requirement to the rule. The rest of this paragraph is in the rule.

(5) Make sure the operator does NOT allow anyone to ride on the load or hook.

11-3.2.3(e) The operator shall not lift, lower, or travel while anyone is on the load or hook.

17-3.2.3(d) The operator shall not cause the crane to lift, lower, or travel while anyone is on the load or hook.

(6) Make sure the operator tests all controls at the start of a new shift.

(m) All controls of cab-operated equipment shall be tested by the operator before beginning a new shift. If any controls do not operate properly, they shall be adjusted or repaired before operations are begun.

(m) All controls of a cab-operated crane shall be tested by the operator before beginning a new shift. If any controls do not operate properly, they shall be adjusted or repaired before operations are begun.

(o) all controls shall be tested by the operator before beginning a new shift. If any controls do not operate properly, they should be adjusted or repaired before operations are begun.

(7) Make sure the operator tests the hoist brakes at least once each shift if a load approaching the rated load is to be handled. Lift the load a short distance Apply the brakes

11-3.2.3(g) The operator shall check the hoist brake(s) at least once each shift if a load approaching the rated load is to be handled. This shall be done by lifting the load a short distance and applying the brake(s).

17-3.2.3(g) The operator shall check the hoist brake(s) at least once each shift if a load approaching the rated load is to be handled. This shall be done by lifting the load a short distance and applying the brake(s)

2-3.2.3(g) The operator shall check the hoist brake(s) at least once each shift if a load approaching the rated load is to be handled. This shall be done by lifting the load a short distance and applying the brake(s)

(8) Make sure during lifting, a load doesn't:

Suddenly accelerate or decelerate.

Contact any obstruction.

11-3.2.3 (c) During lifting, care shall be taken that(1)There is no sudden acceleration or deceleration of the moving load

(2) The load does not contact any obstructions

17-3.2.3(b) During lifting, care shall be taken that(1)There is no sudden acceleration or deceleration of the moving load(2) The load does not contact any obstructions

2-3.2.3(b) During lifting, care shall be taken that(1)There is no sudden acceleration or deceleration of the moving load(2) The load does not contact any obstructions

(9) Make sure the crane operator contacts runway stops or other cranes and carrier with both:

Extreme caution. and

After notifying people on the

11-3.1.5(k) Contacts with stops or other cranes or carriers shall be made with caution. The operator shall do so with care for the safety of persons on or below the equipment, and only after making certain that any person on the

17-3.1.5(j) Contacts with runway stops or other cranes shall be made with caution. The operator shall do so with care for the safety of persons on or below the cranes, and only after making certain that any persons on the other cranes are aware of

2-3.1.7(k) Contacts with runway stops or other cranes or carriers shall be made with extreme caution. The operator shall do so with particular care for the safety of persons on or below the equipment, and only after making certain that any persons on the

Used ANSI to add this requirement to the rule. The rest of this paragraph is in the rule.

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other crane. other equipment are aware of what is being done.

what is being done. other equipment are aware of what is being done.

(10) Make sure the operator does not lower a load below the point where only two wraps of wire rope remain on each anchorage of the hoisting drum.

11-3.2.3(h) The load shall not be lowered below the point where less than two wraps of rope shall remain on each anchorage of the hoisting drum, unless a lower limit device is provided, in which case, no less than one wrap shall remain.

17-3.2.3(h) The load shall not be lowered below the point where two wraps of rope remain on each anchorage of the hoisting drum unless a lower limit device is provided, in which case no less than one wrap shall remain.

2-3.2.3(h) The load shall not be lowered below the point where two wraps of rope remain on each anchorage of the hoisting drum unless a lower-limit device is provided, in which case, no less than one wrap shall remain.

(11) Make sure the operator opens the magnet switch when a ground person requests it, and signals them that the magnet has been deenergized

11-3.4.5(c) The operator shall respond to signals from the person who is directing the lift, or an appointed signalperson. When a signalperson is not required as part of the crane operation, the operator is then responsible for the lifts. However, the operator shall obey a stop signal at all times, no matter who gives it.

17-3.1.5(c) The operator shall respond to signals from the person who is directing the lift, or an appointed signalperson. When a signalperson or a crane follower is not required as part of the crane operation, the operator is then responsible for the lifts. The operator shall obey a stop signal at all times, however, no matter who gives it.

2-3.1.7(c)(3) be responsible for the lifts when a signalperson or crane follower is not required as part of the crane operation;4) open the magnet switch upon request from the person on the ground, who shall wait for a signal from the operator that the magnet is deenergized; and5) obey a stop signal at all times, no matter who gives it

(12) Make sure the operator closes the main switch (crane disconnect) only when:

No one is on or adjacent to the crane or carrier.

All controllers are in the "OFF" position.

11-3.1.5(g) The operator shall not close the main line disconnect device until certain that no worker is on, or adjacent to, the crane or carrier. If there is a warning sign or lock on the device, the crane or carrier shall not be energized until the sign or lock is removed by the person who placed it thereon, or removed by an authorized person.11-3.1.5(h) Before closing the main line disconnect of cab-operated equipment, the operator shall determine that all controllers are in the off position.

17-3.1.5(f) The operator shall not close the main disconnect device until certain that no worker is on or adjacent to the crane. If there is a warning sign or lock on the device, it shall not be energized until the sign or lock is removed by either the person who placed it thereon or by an authorized person.

2-3.1.7(g) The operator shall not close the main switch (crane disconnect) until certain that no worker is on or adjacent to the crane or carrier . If there is a warning sign or lock on the device, it shall not be energized until the sign or lock is removed by the person who placed it there, or by an authorized person.2-3.1.7(h) Before closing the main switch (crane disconnect), the operator shall be sure that all controllers are in the off position.

(13) Make sure the crane operator activates the warning device on cab-, remote-, and, when provided, floor-operated cranes:

17-3.1.5(o) The operator shall activate the warning device on cab- and remote-operated cranes, and when provided, on floor operated cranes:

e) The operator shall activate the warning device on cab- and remote-operated cranes and, when provided, on floor-operated cranes

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Before starting the bridge or trolley in motion.

When approaching people in the path of the load

1) before starting the bridge or trolley motion of the crane;2) intermittently during travel of the crane when approaching persons in the path of the load.

1) before starting the bridge or trolley motion of the crane, and

2) intermittently during travel of the crane when approaching persons in the path of the load.

(14) Make sure the operator immediately places all controllers in the "OFF" position whenever power is lost during operation.Make sure that the operating motions are checked for proper direction after power is restored.

11-3.1.5(i) If power goes off during operation of cab operated equipment, the operator shall immediately place all controllers in the off position. Prior to re-use of the equipment, operating motions shall be checked for proper direction.

17-3.1.5(h) If power goes off during operation of a cab-operated crane, the operator shall immediately place all controllers or master switches in the OFF position. Prior to reuse of the crane, operating motions shall be checked for proper direction.

2-3.1.7(i) If power goes off during operation, the operator shall immediately place all controllers in the off position. Prior to reuse of the crane, operating motions shall be checked for proper direction.

(15) Make sure the operator does the following when the wind alarm of an outdoor crane has sounded:

Discontinues operation of the crane.

Prepares and stores the crane for excessive wind conditions.

17-3.1.5(k) When the wind-indication device of an outdoor crane gives the alarm, crane operation shall be discontinued, and the crane shall be prepared and stored for excess wind conditions.

2-3.1.7(m) When the wind-indicating device of a cab-operated outdoor crane gives the alarm, crane operation shall be discontinued and the crane shall be prepared and stored for excessive wind conditions.

(16) Make sure the operator does NOT use a hoist-limit device as an operating control, unless other means are used to prevent damage to the hoist block by overtravel.

11-3.2.6 the hoist limit device which controls the upper limit of travel of the load block shall not be used as an operating control in normal operation unless additional means are provided to prevent damage from overtravel.

17-3.2.5 Hoist Limit Device (Switches). The hoist limit device that controls the upper limit of travel of the load block shall not be used as an operating control in normal operation unless additional means are provided to prevent damage from overtravel.

2-3.2.4(b) The hoist-limit device that controls the upper limit of travel of the load block shall not be used as an operating control in normal operation unless additional means are provided to prevent damage from overtravel.

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(17) Make sure the crane operator does the following before leaving a cab-operated crane or carrier unattended: Sets the load down. Places controllers or master switches

in the "OFF" position. Deenergizes:

– The main switch of the specific crane or carrier.

– The runway disconnect if all cranes on the runway will be unattended for longer than one shift.

11-3.1.5(f) Before leaving the cab-operated crane or cab-operated carrier unattended, the operator shall land any attached load, place controllers or master switches in the off position, and open the main line device of the specific crane or carrier.

17-3.1.5(e) Before leaving the cab-operated crane unattended, the operator shall land any attached load, place controllers or master switches in the OFF position, and open the main line device of the specific crane.

2-3.1.7(f) Before leaving a cab-operated crane or cab-operated carrier unattended, the operator shall land any attached load, place controllers or master switches in the off position, and deenergize the main switch (crane disconnect) of the specific crane or carrier. If all cranes on the runway are to be unattended for a period longer than one shift, the runway disconnect switch shall also be deenergized.2-3.1.7(l) Operators of outdoor cranes shall secure them when leaving.

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Overhead Crane Sad

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