Ottoman Empire, ca A.D. 1700
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Ottoman Empire, ca A.D. 1700
Imperial History of the Middle East: 5000 Years of History in 90 seconds
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http://www.d.umn.edu/cla/faculty/troufs/anth1095/Turkey.html#title
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http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4305656.stm
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http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4305656.stm
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http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4305656.stm
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http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4305656.stm
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http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4305656.stm
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http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4305656.stm
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http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4305656.stm
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http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4305656.stm
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http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4305656.stm
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http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4305656.stm
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http://www.duluthsuperior.com/mld/duluthsuperior/news/nation/12812653.htm
DuluthNewsTribune.com
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http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4307700.stm
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http://www.duluthsuperior.com/mld/duluthsuperior/12809396.htm
DuluthNewsTribune.com
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Four Generic Types of Cultures
2. Vertical Collectivism / Authority Ranking Cultures
Ch. 02 The Thai KingdomCh. 03 The Japanese GardenCh. 04 India: The Dance of ShivaCh. 05 Bedouin Jewelry and Saudi ArabiaCh. 06 The Turkish CoffeehouseCh. 07 The Brazilian SambaCh. 08 The Polish Village ChurchCh. 09 Kimchi and Korea
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Fig. 1.2. Four Generic Types of Cultures (p. 15)
POWER DISTANCE
INDIVIDUALISM COLLECTIVISM
Low(horizontal)
High(vertical)
EqualityMatching(interval)
Community Sharing
(nominal)
MarketPricing(ratio)
Authority Ranking(ordinal)
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Four Generic Types of Cultures
2. Vertical Collectivism / Authority Ranking Cultures
authority ranking
found in large parts of Asia, Africa, and Latin America
involves a psychological relationship between the leader or leaders and all others in the culture
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Four Generic Types of Cultures
2. Vertical Collectivism / Authority Ranking Cultures
frequently, such a culture is symbolized not by the handshake, which reflects equality, but by different forms of bowing
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Four Generic Types of Cultures
2. Vertical Collectivism / Authority Ranking Cultures
there is a dynamic, two-way relationship between subordinates and leaders in authority ranking cultures
• although the leaders receive more rewards, they are responsible for safeguarding the livelihoods of subordinates
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Cultural Metaphors
Unit of analysis in the book = the nation or national culture
Other “units of analysis” may include:
one person (e.g., Paul Buffalo)the family (e.g., Strodtbeck)the communitya regiona culture
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Culture Counts
and it counts quit a bit
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Geert Hofstede (1991)
IBM study demonstrated that national culture explained 50% of the differences in attitudes in IBM’s 53 countries (p. 5)