Other Senses: Taste

(Gustation)

Sensation

TasteTaste

• Taste is a chemical sense.

• The receptor cells for taste are the taste buds.

Taste• On average, adults have about 7,500 taste buds.

• These receptor cells are located in the tongue and in the mouth.

• When food dissolves on these receptors, TRANSDUCTION occurs

• Damaged taste receptor cells are replaced within a few days to 2 weeks

Taste• Substances dissolved by saliva

activating the taste buds

• Cheeks, roof of mouth, throat, tongue

• Taste Sensations

–Sweet

–Sour

–Salty

–Bitter

–Umami (Savory – msg)

Supertasters

• People with an abundance of taste receptors

• Approximately 25% of the population

Nontasters

• People with a minimum of taste receptors

• Taste with less intensity than the rest of the population

• Approximately 25% of the population

Other Senses: Smell

Module 9: Sensation

Other Senses:

Smell• Smell is a chemical sense.

• Olfactory cells in the upper nasal passages detect molecules in the air.

• Taste and smell interact to produce flavor.

Olfactory Cells

• The chemical receptor cells for smell

• Located in the nasal passages

Olfactory Bulb

• Processed in the brain by the Olfactory Bulb

Smell

Smell

Smell

Other Senses: Touch

Touch

• Touch receptors are on the skin

• Four basic skin senses are

–Pain, warmth, cold, and pressure

• All skin sensations are a combination of these four basic senses

Sensitivity of Diff body to PAIN

Most Sensitive

• Back of knees

• Neck region

• Bend of elbow

Least Sensitive

• Tip of the Nose

• Sole of foot

• Ball of thumb

Gate Control Gate Control TheoryTheory

•Pain messages travel on one set of nerve fibers containing pain gates.gates.

•The gates are open when pain is felt.

•Other sensory messages go through another set of fibers.

•The non-pain fibers can close close the pain gates the pain gates to stop the sense of pain.

The last sense….

Kinesthetic Sense•The system for sensing

the position and movement of individual body parts

•Relies on receptor cells from the muscles and joints

•One’s leg “falling asleep” is a disruption of the kinesthetic sense

Click image, then choose “Function” to explore where sensations are processed in the brain!Click image, then choose “Function” to explore where sensations are processed in the brain!

Let’s Review

• Name the senses

• How many are there?

• Think again…

The senses

1. Vision

2. Hearing

3. Tasting

4. Touching

5. Smelling

6. Vestibular

7. Kinesthetic

Now briefly describe what each one does

The End