oteoos on the oriin Lne of Sydney - David Nathan · Project co-ordinator David Nathan Joint ... The...

William Dawes’ Notebooks on the Aboriginal Language of Sydney, 1790-1791

Hans Rausing Endangered Languages Project

School of Oriental and African Studies, London

Aboriginal Affairs, NSW

h t t p : / / w w w. s o a s . a c . u k /library/subjects/archives/

http://www.hrelp.org

http://www.alrrc.nsw.gov.au/

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University of London

William Dawes’ Notebooks on the Aboriginal Language of Sydney, 1790-1791

A facsimile version of the notebooks on the language of Sydney written by William Dawes and others, held at the Library Special Collections, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London

Project/editors: David Nathan, Susannah Rayner and Stuart BrownCo-ordinator: David NathanBook design: Tom Castle

Published by the Hans Rausing Endangered Language Project and SOAS Library Special Collections, School of Oriental and African Studies, Russell Square WC1H 0XG, Londonhttp://www.hrelp.org and http://www.soas.ac.uk/library/subjects/archives/

Published in conjunction with the Darug Tribal Aboriginal CorporationPO Box 441 Blacktown NSW 2148http://www.darug.org.au

Project website: http://www.williamdawes.org

© SOAS 2009

No part of this publication may be copied, reproduced, or transmitted in any form or by any means (electronic, photocopying, photographic, or any other) in whole or in any part without prior written permission of the copyright owner and the publishers.

First published by SOAS 2009

ISBN 978 0 7286 0390 5

Printed by the Darug Tribal Aboriginal Corporation, Sydney, Australia

Funding assistance from

Aboriginal Affairs, NSWhttp://www.alrrc.nsw.gov.au/

School of Oriental and African Studies http://www.soas.ac.uk

Endangered Languages Archive, Hans Rausing Endangered Languages Projecthttp://www.hrelp.org

Notebooks on the Aboriginal Language of Sydney

i

Contents

Introduction

Notebook A

Notebook B

Notebook C

About this book

How to use this book

The Dawes notebooks

William Dawes

Patyegarang

The language of Sydney

References, and contacts

iii

iii

v

vi

vii

viii

ix

1

25

49

Acknowledgements ii

William Dawes

ii

This book is presented as a homage to the Sydney Aboriginal people’s knowledge, culture, and land in 1788-1791 – and still very much alive today. It is also presented in tribute to William Dawes’ skills and humanity.

Project staff: Project co-ordinator David Nathan Joint co-ordinator Susannah Rayner Corpus design, transcription, markup Stuart Brown Photographer Christy Henshaw Book design Tom Castle Proofing Jeremy Steele, David Seton Web design Nancia Guivarra Additional research Michael Franjieh

The project co-ordinators would like to extend their thanks to the following people for their expressions of support and contributions of various kinds that made this book and its companion website possible:

Prue Adams Chris Burke Paul Caine Gayle Caldwell Cathy Eatock Kristina Everett Richard Green Nancia Guivarra Christie Henshaw Paul Hodge Raymond Ingrey Jim Kohen Cat Kutay Sandra Lee Terry Lee

The co-ordinators gratefully acknowledge funding, equipment and printing support received from:

Aboriginal Affairs, NSW Hans Rausing Endangered Languages Project, SOAS Darug Tribal Aboriginal Corporation SOAS Multimedia Board

Acknowledgements

Allen MaddenDavid NashSusan PageNikki Parsons-Gardner Mari Rhydwen Anthony SeiverDavid SetonRosemary SetonMichael SillelidisJeremy SteeleJacinta Tobin Jaky TroyMichael WalshAunty Edna Watson Gail Whiteford


iii

Introduction

About this book

The notebooks of William Dawes, written from 1790 to 1791, contain his detailed and thoughtful description of the Indigenous language spoken in Sydney. This language was the first of Australia’s 250 Indigenous languages to be learnt by English colonisers, and the notebooks are one of Australia’s oldest written sources documenting Aboriginal people, life and culture.

This book is one of the results of a project conducted at the Endangered Languages Archive at the School of Oriental and African Studies in London (SOAS). The project’s aims were to digitise the Dawes notebooks and make them available both on the World Wide Web and in printed form.

The Dawes notebooks are held in SOAS Library’s Special Collections. Their content is of great significance to the Sydney Aboriginal communities, other NSW and Australian Aboriginal communities, and to linguists and historians. Recent popular publications and broadcasts have also attracted general public interest in the people who animate the notebooks, in particular William Dawes – their principal author, and his friend Patyegarang – Dawes’ main language teacher.

The Aboriginal languages spoken in the area of the Sydney Basin were destroyed so rapidly and comprehensively under colonisation that Dawes’ work remains the single most important source of written information about them. Little further information was collected, such that the best resources on the languages today (as well as the growing language revitalisation activities in the Aboriginal communities of the area) remain based on Dawes’ writings. However, until now, Dawes’ notebooks were only accessible in Australia through the interpretations of other writers or by viewing microfilm versions held at the Mitchell Library and the National Library of Australia.

The notebooks contain many words in the language of Sydney, which is today commonly known as Dharuk. They also contain many human stories, as Jones (2008:46) describes:

This book began its life as a website and is intended to be used in conjunction with the site:

http://www.williamdawes.org

The site contains more transcriptions in greater detail, colour images of the pages, and further information about the Dharuk language and about Dawes’ life before, during and after his time in Sydney.

How to use this book

The purpose of this book is to reproduce the Dawes notebooks and to make their content more accessible through a new set of detailed transcriptions created especially for this project.

As shown in the diagram ‘Organisation of the pages’, the top section of each page contains the images of the notebook pages. This book reflects the true form of the

Dawes recorded his informal, even intimate, conversations with a number of Aboriginal people, not only with the young woman Patyegarang, but also with Aboriginal men such as Bennelong …

By David Nathan

William Dawes

iv

notebooks, so notebook pages with text written upside-down also appear upside-down here. Blank pages are also represented and numbered because they can be significant; for example in Book C the blank pages may delineate different hands or different times of writing. Where only one blank page occurs, we show it (as a place-holder if there is no image) with a caption ‘This page is blank in the manuscript’. For sequences of several blank pages, we show one or two blank pages with a caption ‘x pages are blank in the manuscript’ (where x is the number of blank pages). This allows us to provide a complete representation of the notebooks.

The notebooks have been photographed page by page in order to achieve high image quality; they have been reassembled here into their ‘spreads’ i.e. the left and right pairs that one sees when opening a book. The physical notebook pages are about 16cm in height and are reproduced here at about 90% of their original size. For a closer look at the pages, refer to the project website http://www.williamdawes.org, which has higher resolution, colour versions of the page images.

The project has created two types of transcriptions: a literal or ‘unregularised’ one, and an edited, or ‘regularised’ one. This book provides only the regularised one, which we felt would be more useful for general readers, language learners, and those simply browsing and not concerned with the details of Dawes’ amendments, crossings-out and other artefacts of hand-writing. The regularised transcription also includes an editorial aspect – some spellings have been corrected, abbreviations expanded, parts which are missing but ‘understood’ have been inserted, and irrelevant details of physical layout have been suppressed. Text has been coloured to show where it results from regularisation; see the colour key diagram.

The unregularised transcriptions are available at the project website http://www.williamdawes.org. Care should be taken in interpretating Dawes’ spelling and punctuation. He used several conventions that are not fully understood, and he changed his methods during the course of writing the notebooks. For further information, see Troy (1994), and Steele (2005) pages 63-94 (which can be downloaded from the project website).

Organisation of the pages

Reproduction of original manuscript pages

Transcription, in edited regularised form

Page numbering

Transcription Colour Key

Dawes’s text

Text that has been regularised, inserted or expanded

Text which is unclear in the original


v

The Dawes notebooks

Soon after Dawes left Australia in 1791 his notebooks came into the possession of the Orientalist and linguist William Marsden (1754-1836). Marsden eventually presented his library, including the notebooks, to King’s College London in 1835. Part of the manuscript collection, including these notebooks, was then transferred from King’s College to the newly-opened School of Oriental and African Studies in 1916.

The significance of the Dawes notebooks was only recognised in 1972, when they were listed by Phyllis Mander-Jones in Manuscripts in the British Isles relating to Australia, New Zealand, and the Pacific, and thus came to the attention of Australian linguists. Since then they have continued to attract the interest of linguists, historians, and Aboriginal community members. Recent popular interest in Australia’s Indigenous and colonial history has attracted mainstream attention to Dawes and his notebooks; they featured in the SBS documentary First Australians (first broadcast in 2008), and Dawes and Patyegarang are fictionalised as the main characters Rooke and Tagaran in Kate Grenville’s historical novel The Lieutenant.

The notebooks are part of the Library Special Collections at SOAS and are catalogued as Manuscript 41645 parts (a), (b), and (c), although they are in the physical form of just two notebooks. William Dawes wrote manuscripts (a) and (b) and they contain words, translations, snippets of conversations, descriptions and explanations of expressions and situations, and some sketchy maps. Prominently figuring in these manuscripts is a young woman, Patyegarang (often Dawes calls her ‘Patye’).

The third catalogued manuscript (c) was probably not written by Dawes, and is attributed to ‘Anonymous’. Jakelin Troy explains its sources:

Although in good condition, the original manuscripts are vulnerable to damage, particularly the entries and drawings made in pencil. A microfiche copy created as part of the Australian Joint Copying Project (http://www.nla.gov.au/collect/ajcp.html) is available in the Mitchell Library, Sydney. The National Library of Australia holds a microfilm master (http://nla.gov.au/nla.cat-vn2239153). A set of archival resolution digital images, resulting from the present project, is held at the Endangered Languages Archive at SOAS. This book and its companion website (http://www.williamdawes.org) now provide general access to the content of the notebooks.

Manuscript ‘c’ seems to have been the work of several authors as it is written in at least three different hands including both ‘rough’ and ‘fair’ scripts. [At the time] it was common for literate people to have a ‘rough’ hand for rapid notetaking and composing and a ‘fair’ or careful hand for final copy. One of the hands in the manuscript is exactly the same as Governor Arthur Phillip’s rough hand [as found in] many surviving manuscripts … [Other] evidence … suggests that two other officers, David Collins and John Hunter, also contributed to the manuscript … [So] it is very likely that [it] was composed by Phillip, Collins and Hunter (Troy 1994:5)

1

1 Not to be confused with the infamous Reverend Samuel Marsden.

William Dawes

vi

William Dawes

From today’s perspectives, William Dawes (1762-1836) was a pioneer. He was the first to make extensive written records of any Australian language, and the first to do so using ‘an orthography which indicates he had some level of training’ (Attenbrow 2006). Unlike others who collected simple wordlists for newly encountered items like weapons and animals, Dawes recorded conversational snippets that tell of the cultural and social contexts, personalities, and the actions and the feelings of the people he interacted with.

Dawes was a member of the 1791 expedition party to the Hawkesbury River which came to understand – for the first time amongst Europeans – that the languages and cultures of Aboriginal people differed in each area (Wilkins and Nash 2008). Previously, the colonists had assumed that words collected earlier in north Queensland would also be used by the peoples of Sydney and indeed throughout the continent (see Troy 1994 for further information).

Dawes was the first European to be recorded as defending Aboriginal rights. His refusal to join a punitive expedition against Aborigines ordered by Governor Phillip in 1790 was most likely the first example of a ‘European act of conscience in defence of Aboriginal interests’ (Jones 2008:342).

At Sydney Cove, Dawes acquired a reputation as the most educated, conscientious and ‘gentlemanly’ of the colonists – a reputation which stayed with him after he left Sydney. Later, he became involved in the international campaign to abolish slavery; its leader, William Wilberforce, wrote of Dawes in 1794: ‘I don’t believe there is in the world a more solid, honest, indefatigable man, more full of resources and common sense.’

Map of Sydney, by William Dawes, 1791


vii

Prior to arriving in Sydney, Dawes, an Englishman and Lieutenant in the Royal Marines, had become a recognised astronomer and was recommended by the Astronomer Royal to join the ‘First Fleet’ to New South Wales. Dawes was to make astronomical observations during the voyage and, on arrival, to set up the first observatory of the new colony in order to monitor a comet that was expected to appear in the southern hemisphere in 1788. Once in Sydney, Dawes built his observatory in a hut on what is now known as Dawes’ Point, under the south pylon of the Sydney Harbour Bridge, and made many observations, although the comet itself never appeared.

Dawes made many contributions to the astronomy, meteorology, surveying and mapping of the Sydney colony, but none surpassed his unique and enduring documentation of the language of Sydney and its people.

Patyegarang

Patyegarang, a young woman aged about 15, appears to have been Dawes’ main language teacher and was vital to Dawes’ understanding and documentation of the language of Sydney.

In the colony’s early days, Governor Phillip had several Aboriginal people captured in a largely fruitless attempt to learn their language and foster communication between the Aborigines and colonists. Dawes would have started to learn the language from captured men such as Arabanoo and Bennelong. Most Aboriginal people were afraid to enter the colony’s main encampment at Sydney Cove. Eventually, many people, both Aboriginal and English, came to regard Dawes’ small, relatively isolated hut as a safe and welcoming place to share friendships and knowledge. It was here that Dawes was able to spend time with – and learn from – many different people.

The notebooks record Patyegarang’s frequent visits to Dawes’ hut and their increasingly complex and intimate conversations. Words and expressions she shared with Dawes, such as ‘Putuwá’, suggest a warm and trusting relationship:

Evenings saw them together in Dawes’ hut, speaking together in her language:

The notebooks clearly show that Dawes and Patyegarang spent time in each others’ company and shared emotion, humour, intellectual depth and mutual respect.

2

2 These examples are adapted for clarity: see the notebook pages for the original.

Putuwá. To warm ones hand by the fire & then to squeeze gently the fingers of another person (Book B Page 21)

Taríadyaou. “I made a mistake in speaking.” This Patye said after she had desired me to take away the blanket when she meant the candle (Book B Page 30)

Patyegarang: Nyímuŋ candle Mr. D. “Put out the candle Mr. D.” (Book B Page 34)

Dawes: Mínyin bial naŋadyími? “Why don’t you sleep?” Patyegarang: Kandúlin. “Because of the candle.” (Book B Page 36)

William Dawes

viii

The language of Sydney

The language documented by William Dawes has frequently been called ‘The Sydney Language’, following Jakelin Troy (1994). It is also widely known as Dharuk (and other variant spellings of this name, such as Darug). The Aboriginal people encountered by Dawes used ‘Eeora’ to describe themselves (see Book B, page 6), but this was a term for referring to themselves as people, not the name of their language.

Dharuk probably had (at least) two dialectal variants, one spoken at the coast and another spoken inland. Other, different languages were spoken further afield (as were ‘discovered’ by the 1791 expedition mentioned above). Today, Aboriginal communities in the area provide more comprehensive descriptions of the various clans and their areas (see, for example, http://www.darug.org.au/darugcountry.html and the Wikipedia entry for Darug).

Dharuk is the source of many words borrowed into Australian English and several other languages. Examples which occur in the notebooks, with spellings in today’s Dharuk (courtesy of Richard Green), include:

This book is not intended as a complete reference to the language of Sydney, or as a self-contained learning resource. Those wishing to find out more about the language, or to learn it, are recommended to consult a teacher of the language, some of the references below, or the project website http://www.williamdawes.org.

English Today’s Dharuk Meaning Notebook Reference

boobook bubuk owl Book B Page 3

cooee guwawi call of location Book B Page 15

corroboree garriberri dancing event Book C Page 8

dingo dingu dog Book C Page 16

woomera wumara spear thrower Book B Page 22

waratah warada type of flower; now emblem of NSW Book C Page 20

3

3 The language has sometimes been called Eora. Recently, the name Biyal Biyal has been suggested (Steele 2005).


ix

References and contacts

Attenbrow, Val. 2006. Aboriginal placenames in Sydney Harbour, New South Wales, Australia – a dual naming Project. Paper Presented at the Forum UNESCO University and Heritage 10th International Seminar “Cultural Landscapes in the 21st Century” Newcastle upon Tyne, April 2005 [Online at http://www.ncl.ac.uk/unescolandscapes/files/ATTENBROWVal.pdf]

Dawes, William. 1790-1791a. Grammatical forms of the language of N.S. Wales, in the neighbourhood of Sydney, by –– Dawes, in the year 1790. Manuscript in Library of School of Oriental & African Studies, London. Marsden Collection Ms 41645(a). [also: Microfilm in Mitchell Library of State Library of NSW, Ref. FM4/3431, Reel 5, frames 771–794]

Dawes, William. 1790–1791b. Vocabulary of the language of N.S. Wales, in the neighbourhood of Sydney (Native and English) by –– Dawes. Manuscript in Library of School of Oriental and African Studies, London. Marsden Collection, Ms 41645(b). [also: Microfilm in Mitchell Library of State Library of NSW, Ref. FM4/3431, Reel 5, frames 795–817]

Dawes, William. 1790–1791c. Vocabulary of the language of N.S.Wales, in the neighbourhood of Sydney. (Native and English, but not alphabetical). Manuscript in Library of School of Oriental and African Studies, London. Marsden Collection, Ms 41645(c). [also: Microfilm in Mitchell Library of State Library of NSW. Ref. FM4/3432, Reel 6, frames 342–66]

Grenville, Kate. 2008. The Lieutenant. Melbourne: The Text Publishing Company

Jones, Philip. 2008. Ochre and Rust. Adelaide: Wakefield Press

Mander-Jones, Phyllis. 1966. Dawes, William (1762 - 1836), in Australian Dictionary of Biography, Volume 1, Melbourne University Press, pp 297-298. [Online at http://www.adb.online.anu.edu.au/biogs/A010282b.htm]

Steele, Jeremy. 2005. The Aboriginal language of Sydney: a partial reconstruction of the indigenous language of Sydney based on the notebooks of William Dawes of 1790-91, informed by other records of the Sydney and surrounding languages to c.1905. MA thesis. [Online at http://minerva.mq.edu.au:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/mq:231]

Troy, Jakelin. 1992. The Sydney language notebooks and responses to language contact in colonial NSW, Australian Journal of Linguistics, 12, pp. 145–170.

Troy, Jakelin. 1994. The Sydney Language. Canberra, Jakelin Troy.

Wilkins, David and David Nash. 2008. The European ‘discovery’ of a multilingual Australia: the linguistic and ethnographic successes of a failed expedition, pp. 485–507, Chapter 18, in The history of research on Australian Aboriginal languages, edited by William McGregor. Pacific Linguistics 591.

This first edition may contain mistakes of various kinds and the editors will be grateful to be informed of any errors or omissions. Please contact David Nathan at [email protected].

Project website: http://www.williamdawes.orgHans Rausing Endangered Languages Project: http://www.hrelp.orgSOAS Library Special Collections: http://www.soas.ac.uk/library/subjects/archives/The Endangered Languages Archive: http://elar.soas.ac.ukDarug Tribal Aboriginal Corporation: http://www.darug.org.au

William Dawes

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1MS 41645 A & B Inside Front Cover Book A — Front Cover

Marsden Collection 41645a.

Grammatical forms of the language of N.S.Wales, in the neighbourhood of Sydney, by — Dawes, in the year 1790.

William Dawes

2 Book A — Page 2Book A — Page 1

Naa To see or lookNgía Ni (as nigh) I see or look Thou etc. He We Ye They

Past·Naadióu· I did see or have seen etc.·Naadiémi· Thou didst see or hast seen·Naadiaŋa· He did see or has seenNaadiaŋun We did see or have seen Ye They

FutureNaabaóu I shall or will see etc.Naabámi Thou shall or will see HeNaabángoon We shall or will see Ye They

ImperativeNaalá See thou

Image of Book A, Page 2.

The notebooks of William Dawes on the Sydney Language http://williamdawes.org/dev/printview.php?image-id=book-a-page-2

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3Book A — Page 3 Book A — Page 4

Naa To see or lookPresent

Ngia Ní (as nigh) I see or look Thou He We Ye They

Past.·Naadióu· I did see or look, or have seen etc.·Naadiémi· Thou didst see or look or hast seenNaadiáŋa He did see or look or has seen We

YeNaadiouĭ They did see or look or have seen

Future·Naabaóu· I will see or lookNaabámĭ. Thou will see or lookNaabában He will see or lookNaabángoon We will see or lookNaabánĭe Ye will see or lookNaabaóuĭ They will see or look

Imperative MoodNaalá. See thou (or see! see! look!)



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Naadiémi

Hast thou seen?

Naabanóo {

Other inflections of the same verb,the English of which is not yet certain, withsome authorities for what is markedcertain etc.

Thou hast seen, andthe same word spoken in a different tone Ithink signifies

Whether this be not the sameword with Nabángoon? No. The

occasion on which it was used implied that itsignified “I have not seen him”NaabángoonBooroong

We will see, or shallwe see Booroong?

These words were spoken to me byYīrĭníbĭ, Booroong’s Brother and he wasevidently anxious in enquiring afterBooroong. I have altered the Englishsignification from the top of the page inconsequence of discovering the 1st personplural of the future in the verbs Wĭda & Pátawhich see.


The notebooks of William Dawes on the Sydney L... http://williamdawes.org/dev/printview.php?image-...

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William Dawes

4 Book A — Page 5 Book A — Page 6

Yenma1 kaóui2

Other inflections etc.Yenmá (1) Go thou

YenmángoonYenoo or yenĭóo

Yenidiémi Thou didst go or have beenYenoú Thou goest, or art going or

Goest thou?Yená He goes or is going(1) Yenmá is I think a contraction of Yenmámĭ and then itsignifies, Thou shalt or wilt go, or Wilt thou go?Yenmában He or they will go:Yenĭla: They go or walkThis last word is confirmed to signify as above, by the wordMaaníla which I heard Anganángan make use of signifyingThey take or catch (fish)Yenma Walk or go thou

Walk1 come2, or in plainEnglish come here or walk this way. Said by Booroong on

to KooroódaYenmoónĭ Not go



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Yen To go or walkPresent

:Yenoó (or Yenĭóo) I go or walk:Yenioómĭ: Thou goest or walkstYenĭna He goes or walks:Yenángoon: We go or walk Ye·Yeníla· They go or walk

PastYeniaoú I did go or walk, or have gone etc. Thou etc. He We Ye They

Future·Yenmaoú· I will go or walk·Yenmámĭ· Thou wilt go or walkYenmában: He will go or walk·Yenmángoon· We will go or walkYenmánĭe Ye will go or walkYenmaoúi They will go or walk

Imperative Mood·Yenma· Walk or go thou



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Bógi To bathe or swimPresent

I bathe or swim Thou etc. He We Ye They

Past·Bógidioú· I did bathe, or have been bathing·Bógidiémi· Thou didst bathe, or hast been bathing He We Ye They

Future I shall or will bathe Thou He We Ye They



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Other Inflections etc.19th November 1790. Booroong & Nanbarrĭtalking together and she observing his hairto be wetBg. Bógidiémi Bógi? Have you bathed or

been bathing?N. Bógidioú I did bath or have

been bathingAnd I think Bógidiémee spoken in anothertone signifies Thou didst bathe or hastbeen bathingNanbarrĭ to Booroong 25 November 1790BogĭlĭebaóuAnswer. Wauná Wauná Bogĭbóonĭ(sometimes Bogĭlĭeboónĭ)Nanbarri to me Bogĭlĭebángoon1 mullnaoúl2ngállĭa3 ngĭénĭ4. Shall we bathe1 tomorrow2

with me3 you4. Note the syllable lĭe does notappear to be of any determinate signification as Bogĭlĭebában orBogĭbában

Will you two bathe,or You two will bathe



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William Dawes


Other inflections etc.Boobánga1

meedjung2Cover thou1 my sore2

Or in plain English, Put a plaster to my sore. This Bālŭdérri said to me on the 15th

November 1790 & was clearly explained byhis own gestures as well as positively inwords by Nanbárri.Boobánga. Cover thou (me with

a blanket)which Booroong & Nanbarree were playingwith on the 19th November 1790 & this wordwas so often repeated and so wellconfirmed by correspondent actions &gestures that I have no doubt of it.Boobangí He did cover, or

covered (the particlepassive)



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Other inflections etc.Boobánga1

meedjung2Cover thou1 my sore2

Or in plain English, Put a plaster to my sore. This Bālŭdérri said to me on the 15th

November 1790 & was clearly explained byhis own gestures as well as positively inwords by Nanbárri.Boobánga. Cover thou (me with

a blanket)which Booroong & Nanbarree were playingwith on the 19th November 1790 & this wordwas so often repeated and so wellconfirmed by correspondent actions &gestures that I have no doubt of it.Boobangí He did cover, or

covered (the particlepassive)



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Boobánga To coverPresent

I cover Thou He We Ye They

Past I did cover, or have covered Thou He We Ye They

Future I shall or will cover Thou He We Ye They

Imperative·Boobánga· Cover thou



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Y ni To fallPresent

I fall Thou He We Ye They

PastYīnidioú I did fall, or have fallen Thou He We Ye They

FutureYīnibaoú or Yīnibó I shall or will fall ThouYīnĭba He shall or will fall We Ye They



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Y ni To fallPresent

I fall Thou He We Ye They

PastYīnidioú I did fall, or have fallen Thou He We Ye They

FutureYīnibaoú or Yīnibó I shall or will fall ThouYīnĭba He shall or will fall We Ye They



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Other inflections etc.Bĭalgángí yīnĭboónĭ No. I shall not fall downBĭal yīnĭbanoó The same No. I shall not fall down



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Other inflections etc.Bĭalgángí yīnĭboónĭ No. I shall not fall downBĭal yīnĭbanoó The same No. I shall not fall down



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William Dawes


Ngalawáu To sitPresent

I sit Thou He We Ye They

Past I did sit, or have sat Thou He We Ye They

Future I shall or will sit Thou He We Ye They

Imperative·Ngalawaú· Sit thou



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Ngalawaud ngoonImage of Book A, Page 14.


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9Book A — Page 16Book A — Page 15

Other Inflections etc.Nangadiában She did sleepNángami A dream



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Nánga To sleepPresent

I sleep Thou He We Ye They

Past·Nángadiou· I did sleep, or have slept·Nangadiémi· Thou didst sleep, or hast slept He We Ye They

FutureI shall or will sleep

Thou He We Ye They



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Nánga To sleepPresent

I sleep Thou He We Ye They

Past·Nángadiou· I did sleep, or have slept·Nangadiémi· Thou didst sleep, or hast slept He We Ye They

FutureI shall or will sleep

Thou He We Ye They



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10 Book A — Page 18Book A — Page 17

Bangadārabaóu (1st singular)Bangadārabámĭ (2nd singular)Bangadārabángoon(1st plural)Bangadārabánĭé (2nd plural)Bangadārabában (3rd singular)Bangadarabaóuĭ (3rd plural)

Other inflections etc.Bangabánye I think a future of

some other person.Bangadára orBangadárabaBangadarabában 3rd Person singular

or plural future tense Speaking ofBooroong. We think itrelates to bringingBooroong to Dāra. Inwhich case it appearsthat they put wordssometimes betweenthe root and thetermination. Theywere not speaking ofDāra, for since I haveheard them repeat

dāra in the same word when I think theycould not refer to that place. It seems to meto be peculiary used when it is spoken as ofrowing to a certain place to bring anotherback with you. But this is mere conjecture.



1 of 1 20/10/2009 19:15

Bangadārabaóu (1st singular)Bangadārabámĭ (2nd singular)Bangadārabángoon(1st plural)Bangadārabánĭé (2nd plural)Bangadārabában (3rd singular)Bangadarabaóuĭ (3rd plural)

Other inflections etc.Bangabánye I think a future of

some other person.Bangadára orBangadárabaBangadarabában 3rd Person singular

or plural future tense Speaking ofBooroong. We think itrelates to bringingBooroong to Dāra. Inwhich case it appearsthat they put wordssometimes betweenthe root and thetermination. Theywere not speaking ofDāra, for since I haveheard them repeat

dāra in the same word when I think theycould not refer to that place. It seems to meto be peculiary used when it is spoken as ofrowing to a certain place to bring anotherback with you. But this is mere conjecture.



1 of 1 20/10/2009 19:15

Bánga To paddle or rowPresent

I paddle Thou He We Ye They

Past I did paddle, or have paddled Thou He We Ye They

Future·Bangabaóu· I shall or will paddleBangabámĭ Thou shalt or wilt paddleBangabában He shall or will paddleBangabángoon We shall or will paddleBangabánĭe Ye shall or will paddleBangabaóuĭ They shall or will paddle



1 of 1 20/10/2009 16:34

Bánga To paddle or rowPresent

I paddle Thou He We Ye They

Past I did paddle, or have paddled Thou He We Ye They

Future·Bangabaóu· I shall or will paddleBangabámĭ Thou shalt or wilt paddleBangabában He shall or will paddleBangabángoon We shall or will paddleBangabánĭe Ye shall or will paddleBangabaóuĭ They shall or will paddle



1 of 1 20/10/2009 16:34



Other inflections etc.Widabángoon We shall or will drinkThis was said by Benelong on the 23d November 1790immediately after what is mentioned in the next leaf in themanner followingWidabángoon tea tsugar We shall drink tea and sugarWidaliebában Ye will drink



1 of 1 20/10/2009 16:35

W da To drinkPresent

I drink Thou He We YeWidadıúı They drink

Past·Widadiou· I did drink, or have drank Thou He We Ye They

Future·Widabaoú· I shall drinkWidabámi Thou shalt drink He·Widabángoon· We shall drink Ye They



1 of 1 20/10/2009 16:35

William Dawes


Other inflections etc.Patabángoon We shall or will eatBye & bye PatabángoonDawes, Benelong

Bye & bye We Dawes andBenelong shall eat

This was said by Bénelong a little before dinner on 23rdNovember 1790Patàlĭebá He will eatBenelong a little after the above, having observed that I atenothing & being told by me that I was going on board theSupply repeated what I said to him, to his wife and addedPatàlĭebá or He will eat signifying that I was going on boardto dinner. The syllable lĭe may probably signify there andthen the English will be, “He will eat there” otherwise it is anirregularity in the conjugation.Patabóonĭ Not eat (as)·Bĭal Patabóonĭ. No, I have not eatenNB. this was said to me by Kolby 21st December 1790



1 of 1 20/10/2009 16:36

Patá To eatPresent

Patadjú I eatPatadjiúm Thou eatest He We Ye They

Past·Patadiou· I did eat·Patadiémi· Thou didst eat·Patadĭáband· He did eat We Ye:Patadĭában: They did eat

Future·Patabaou· I shall or will eatPatabám Thou shalt or wilt eatPatabában: He shall or will eat·Patabángoon· We shall or will eat:Patabáne: Ye shall or will eat·Patabaóu· They shall or will eat



1 of 1 20/10/2009 16:35


13Book A — Page 23

Taabánga To yawnPresent

I yawn Thou He We Ye They

Past I Thou He We Ye They

Future I Thou He We Ye They



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Book A — Page 24

William Dawes

14 Book A — Page 25 Book A —

·Kótbara To cutPresent

I cut Thou He We Ye They

Past I did cut Thou didst cut He We Ye They

Future I will cut ThouKotbarabang He will cut We Ye They



1 of 1 20/10/2009 16:36

Kotbarabáng

KótbararárabamĭngaKótbanaráung

He will cut. This wassaid to Berangaroo when she was laughing& playing with Benelong, while I wasshaving him



1 of 1 20/10/2009 19:25


15Book A — Book A — Page 28

This page is blank

Wéllama To return or come backPresent

I return Thou He We Ye They

Past I did return Thou He We Ye They

FutureWellamabaóu I shall or will returnWellamabámĭ Thou shalt or wilt returnWellamába He shall or will returnWellamabángoon We shall or will return Ye They



1 of 1 20/10/2009 16:38

Wéllama To return or come backPresent

I return Thou He We Ye They

Past I did return Thou He We Ye They

FutureWellamabaóu I shall or will returnWellamabámĭ Thou shalt or wilt returnWellamába He shall or will returnWellamabángoon We shall or will return Ye They



1 of 1 20/10/2009 16:38

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William Dawes


r To throwImage of Book A, Page 29.


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17Book A — Page 31 Book A — Page32

Búnga To makePresent

I make Thou He We Ye They

Past I did make Thou He We Ye They

Future I will make Thou He We Ye They



1 of 1 20/10/2009 16:38

Other inflections etc.:Búngatarabáma: Will you make?Bungí Made



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William Dawes


Yárrsba To weary oneselfPresent

I weary myself Thou He We Ye They

Past·Yarrsbádiou· I did weary or have wearied

myself Thou He We Ye They

Future



1 of 1 20/10/2009 16:39

Yárrsba To weary oneselfPresent

I weary myself Thou He We Ye They

Past·Yarrsbádiou· I did weary or have wearied

myself Thou He We Ye They

Future



1 of 1 20/10/2009 16:39

Other inflections etc.Yarsbabóonĭ I am not tired



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Other inflections etc.Win-ngarí I have thoughtWin-ngaré Thou hast thought



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I Shall or will think

W ngár or W n-ngára To thinkPresent

I think Thou He We Ye They

PastWíngaradioú I did think or was thinkingWíngaradĭémĭ Thou didst think or wast thinking He We Ye They

Future

Thou He We Ye They



1 of 1 20/10/2009 17:56





Future

Thou He We Ye They



1 of 1 20/10/2009 17:56





Future

Thou He We Ye They



1 of 1 20/10/2009 17:56

William Dawes

20 Book A - Page 37 Book A - Page 38

YángaPresent

I thou



1 of 1 20/10/2009 16:40

Yangadĭówĭ They didImage of Book A, Page 38.


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NGára To hearPresent

I Thou He We Ye They

PastNgaradioú I did hearNgaradĭémĭ Thou didst hear He We Ye They

Future



1 of 1 20/10/2009 16:40

Ngaraboónĭ I do not, or did not hearBĭalgangí Ngarabóonĭ I do not, or did not hear

(more forcibly):Ngaradĭé: She does or did hear



1 of 1 20/10/2009 16:41

Ngaraboónĭ I do not, or did not hearBĭalgangí Ngarabóonĭ I do not, or did not hear

(more forcibly):Ngaradĭé: She does or did hear



1 of 1 20/10/2009 16:41

William Dawes


Maan To takePresent

I Thou He We YeMaanĭla They take

PastMaaniaóu I did takeMaanémĭ Thou didst take He We Ye They

FutureMaanmaou I will take Thou He We Ye They

ImperativeMaaná Take thou



1 of 1 20/10/2009 16:41

NMaanĭla They take. This

Anganangan said tome when he sawsome natives fishing.

Maanĭliediánga She did take or hastaken

This was said by Wauriwéeal the less, whowhen I asked her where her petticoat was;she answered “Maanĭliediánga Mrs Brooks”that is Mrs Brooks has taken it.



1 of 1 20/10/2009 19:39



Píy To beatImage of Book A, Page 43.


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Yen To go or to walkNgia1 yenma2 (:wooroo3:) I1 go2 (:away3:)Yenm ou I will goYenmánagoon wooroo Will you go·Yenmaou1 mulln oul2naabaou3 eeóra4.

·I will go1 morning2 I will see3

people4.In plain English, ·I will go tomorrow morning to see thepeople· (before spoken of)·Píybaou dana or·Píyibaouwíŋa.

They will beat me.



1 of 1 23/10/2009 12:27

Yen To go or to walkNgia1 yenma2 (:wooroo3:) I1 go2 (:away3:)Yenm ou I will goYenmánagoon wooroo Will you go·Yenmaou1 mulln oul2naabaou3 eeóra4.

·I will go1 morning2 I will see3

people4.In plain English, ·I will go tomorrow morning to see thepeople· (before spoken of)·Píybaou dana or·Píyibaouwíŋa.

They will beat me.



1 of 1 23/10/2009 12:27

William Dawes

24 Book A — Page 45 Book A — Inside of Back Cover

Naa To seeBéeal1 Naaboóny2 béeal3 No1 cannot see2 no3. or You

cannot see (it)·Naadióu· ·I did see (it)·Ngia1 Ný2· ·I1 do see2··Naaláng alla diee· ·See (thou) see there, see(Properly Naalá. See thou. Ngálla diée There or here it is)·Naabaou· ·I will see·

High resolution image of Book A, Page 46

Book A, Page 46 http://www.williamdawes.org/print/printview.php?image-id=book-...

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25Book B — Front CoverBook A — Back Cover

Marsden Collection 41645b.

Vocabulary of the language of N.S.Wales in the neighbourhood of Sydney. (Native & English), by — Dawes.

William Dawes

26 Book B — Page 1 Book B — Page 2

Letter Name Sound As in theEnglish words

ll call

·a a a at am anb be bd de de e e ell emptyfg gay g hard good gumh ee ee in it ill

i aí aí I ivy irek ka kl el lm em mn en nŋ eng ng sing kingo o o open overp pe pr er rs es st te tu oo oo cool foolu u un- under

z

Image of Book B, Page 1.

The notebooks of William Dawes on the Sydney Language http://williamdawes.org/dev/printview.php?image-id=book-b-page-1

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The four windsNorth Wind BowánSouth Wind GonemEast Wind Puruwí KarŋálWest Wind Bnmarí Tulugal23rd AugustBerangaroo to meBenel ng gúl r arí Mr Dawes badyultd ra, ngía tungí

tdāra bíruŋ potatoe Did these potatoesgrow at td ra

On asking Bénel ŋ when the tyibul tyibulwould go away, he answeredGu gó1 yurúgawa2 Bye & bye1 when the

warm weathercomes2



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The four windsNorth Wind BowánSouth Wind GonemEast Wind Puruwí KarŋálWest Wind Bnmarí Tulugal23rd AugustBerangaroo to meBenel ng gúl r arí Mr Dawes badyultd ra, ngía tungí

tdāra bíruŋ potatoe Did these potatoesgrow at td ra

On asking Bénel ŋ when the tyibul tyibulwould go away, he answeredGu gó1 yurúgawa2 Bye & bye1 when the

warm weathercomes2



1 of 1 23/10/2009 13:04


27Book B — Page 3 Book B — Page 4

Ban a To paddle or rowBrānyé YesterdayBaou, bow, or bo :The termination of the future

tense of verbs,as, Ngía bángabaóu I will paddle, or row.:Bía To biteBurgía (W.) A BoilBóming (W.) The red bill (a bird)Blowree or boól TwoBeráng The BellyBuya or Kurrabul (J.) The BackBarrangal (J.) SkinBulbul (J.) KidneyBárrin The clothing of young womenBúnnerung BloodBeeánga or Beeangélly FatherBógul (J.) A MouseBeeniáng A BirdBoóroodoo A LouseBoódooroo oBōkbōk An owlBōra A TesticleBáamoro GrassBenelóng Benelong’sBéraboong DewBoong Posteriors:Bangí: Covered, or dressed as a soreBelangaliwoóla At BelangaliwoolBĭrong or Mĭroŋ BelongingBunga To make or do (faire fr.)



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To take off, as a coat or anyother garment.

Berw l EnglandBerw lgo To EnglandBāl1 betuŋígo2 I have no1 rock oysters2

Beráng The back of a swordBreado túnga She cries for breadTāgarán1 Túba2 Patyegaráŋ4

Kanmāŋnál3The names of Patyegaráŋ

Bāluí (The watch) is stopped(literally dead)

Barúa :Near to:Búrara Dry. Not Wet.Bunlbuŋa (from bun a negative and báŋa ) rather from búŋato do or make

Mínyn bunlbuŋadyímjacket?

Why do you take off yourjacket?

Burudīn from Búrudu a flea orlouse & īn a sign of theablative case

(Answer) To rid it of fleas.

:Burnmíl: To put on (as a garment)Búna or Búnama To speak falsely in jest or to

make believe AsBúnamadyaóu; bíalw nyadyaou

I only made believe, I did nottell a lie

Buruwányan nadyaou I saw from the shipBuládyr (from Bula – two &dídyrgúru enough)

Two are enough

Bumurutbuŋa Open make (the door)Bulāgo, Twice. Wogúlgo, Once.



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William Dawes


Diémi

Dtulbíluŋ

Dtoóney a ScorpionDtoóra to pinchDaní. Deeyin daní Mine. My wifeDeeyin Woman or wife

:The termination of the 2ndperson singular imperfect tense of verbs+Diée wárra There, or that wayDargállee (W.) To scratchDurália (W.) A kind of Heron or BitternDtárrung The shoulderDteéwara The hairDdyí ddyí Oh you hurt meDieé ngalla diée Here (it etc) is, hereas Ngiéenee dtooradiemi Thou pinchedst.Dtooradioú I struck or did strike (as a

fish with a fishgig)Domine waú At Domine’s houseDáringal (C.C.) HisDámung (C.C.) A CapBĭrong (C.C.) BelongingDtulī Something relative to thirst. I

am thirstyDtánuŋ A WartDturádural ŋ The bark to make fish linesDānaw gol ŋ For me (See Ŋynw gol ŋ)Dāna To me (or) for meDídyí murr It is very painfulDynoragáŋ Old woman

A maggot in meat



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Eereéra To throw, or throw thou.Eeōra Men, or peopleEeneeá ThereBeraŋmuŋadyáŋa My belly aches.Barnmlydyú I am putting on my barrin



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Eereéra To throw, or throw thou.Eeōra Men, or peopleEeneeá ThereBeraŋmuŋadyáŋa My belly aches.Barnmlydyú I am putting on my barrin



1 of 1 20/10/2009 17:03



Question from me to Patyegaráŋ sometimeafter she had hurt her fingerMurrà bídyul? Is your finger

better?Answer Bíal, K ruŋun No, (I suppose)

worse



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Ghoólara1. Ghoólara murry2 Cross, or illnatured1. Verycross2.

Gárree (W) To coughGíttee gíttee (W) The armpit (or rather I

think) to tickleGnárra (W.) A knot or to tieGnámmul (W.) A stone sinker to a lineGōdgang A PidgeonGniána To breatheGōre gōré More moreGuáugo Bye & bye, or stopGómul A degree of relationshipGáŋat Bald (like Pūnda’s head)which has been burntGnī. rather Gnyī To crack between the nails, as a flea etc.Gndyaou I have (or did) crack

between the nailsGūlbaŋabaou I will hold it upGonaŋúlye desiring to wear one of Patyegaraŋ’s pettycoats: Itold her it was too long for her; on which she saidGūlbaŋabaou which Patye explained as above. –Gw ra buráw The wind is fallen.



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William Dawes


Burú Kalgal . Kólb arámata.Kurúbarabúla ará alá . Kara ára

aramáta. Tánu mulugalá . MúrubunBenel . W rwéar Kara ará . Wurrgan Muná ur



1 of 1 23/10/2009 13:31

Dturāl To growIlīr To send away



1 of 1 20/10/2009 17:04

Dturāl To growIlīr To send away



1 of 1 20/10/2009 17:04



To dip water with a small vessel and thenpour it into a bottle.

Karádigán Doctor. They call oursurgeons by this name

Kai? (at some distance) What do you say?Karál A Snood to a hookKúbbera The headKarraígn To coughKarúngan The nail of the fingerKadiába Lame, or he limpsKaróoma The black breamKaadian The shell on the wómaraKaadianmadioú I kaadianed it (that is I put

the shell on the womare)Kāma To digKāl Kāl FullKánal ŋ HeatK namadiaoú I set it on fireKamarú or · kamaruá· The DayKarabúl The edge of a sword

(literally back)Kárăg To pronounce (asMr Dawes búdyĕrĭ káraga Mr Dawes pronounces well)K ní1 gwuŋa2 It is burnt1 in the fire2

Karuŋutbālaba It (or they) will break or bebroken.

Karrīn I believe signifies reddish hairor perhaps thick matted hair

Kurínybaou I will beat (gently)Kurāra LongKíba WhichKubā bādo {



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Karuŋul Hard. Difficult to breakKaramánye The Stomach acheKŏrrŏkoítb To swallowKóty :To itch:Kálabidyáŋa betuŋ bogdw ra It was cut (bruised hurt) by

an oyster (shell) in bathingKārablyKaoúwarn breakfast Let us breakfast first.Karagadyéra. The block which one throws along the groundfor the rest to throw at.Kannó. A full stomach. I have ate or drank enoughMínyn bial widadyém? Why did you not drinkKannóyn. Because I have drank enough (or my stomach isfull)Kamarabú The same day AsYenmánye kaouwi kamarabú We will return the same day.Kurgaráŋ Glad. Or not angry.Kotbaŋadyíŋa It itches



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William Dawes


Marmr ŋ

Múrry Large. An augmentative ingeneral.

·Mullnáoul· :Tomorrow: ·morning··Múlla· ·A man, or husband··Manéea· ·To sharpen Or Sharpen thou·Mee. Mee diée What? What’s this?Mee diée mee What’s this, what?·Máana· ·Take (it etc.) up· (Booroong)Maangí Taken. or married, that is,

taken to wife.Meeditwinyí It leaks or runs outMeéeema or Maanorodiouínia :I don’t understand you:Mee kíara What’s the name?Mitieéwaránga, Miteeanga orMiteéa } Stop a little stop

·Mee Murry· How manyMaan To takeMaanmă wooroo Go & fetch it:Morí: How longM ŋăn Why, what forMorí. Yenú morí Back. I am going backMīn or Mīnyn Why, what for?Mūtuŋ Full

Lend it me, or trust me withit. Badyegaraŋ wanted me to

give her some bread on a promise of bringing fish hooksafterwards.Mŋán1 bottle2 What is in the1 bottle2



1 of 1 23/10/2009 12:32

Ngang déea. or Ngang déeakíara.

What is the name of thisPerson or thing?

Ngaíree To bringNgiéenee1. Ngiéeneengý2 You1 (2nd person singular)

Yours2

Naa To seeNgalawáu To sit down Or Sit thouNgalai yená :Will you go with me?:Naabaóu I will seeNangara bíidiémi She is asleep Rather You

beat her while she wasasleep.

Nowalbangí boobangí Relative to dressing woundsNaanóongí His or HersNgállĭa An ally or friend in battleNgān ngĭēnĭ kíara What is your name?Ngān dĭī ngān ngĭēnĭ kíara What is your name?Naragaígn A degree of relationshipŊír w rbaou I will carry it away with meŊárawun A great way off.Ŋwaŋa1 tāl2 Will you give me1 this2

Ŋáb w lán It is going to rainNāmínma Let me see, or show it me.Ŋāna wurr daná Who did it.Ŋwáŋa1 yurupatá2 bread3 Give me1 bread3 I am very

hungry2.Ŋalamí Caught by the elbow by a

latch or such matter.Ŋān mulla bowur Who was with himNágaruŋ Snot



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Parribúgo TomorrowParrbuggý I have lost itPýomee A tunePýeetiátee TalkPána (see wólan) RainPíyi Or tiát To speakPierabuní BurntPáratbúnga Open the door (literally, open

make)Pograbanĭé Broken to pieces, as a ship or

boat on rocksPograbāala Broken to pieces as china

ware etc.Purutbení EmptyPulwurra baou To stare or look steadfastlyParabáŋa Very early in the morning.

Before sunrisePorbuga Awake. Or to awakePaouw A shadowPīnmíly To cool one’s selfPatyegaráŋ after telling me she was very warm said“Pīnmílybaou panáw ” “I will cool myself in the rain.” NB Itthen rained quite fast.Paouwagadymíŋa You shade me (from the sun)Punnul The sunshinePyélla, Crooked. Tūgaruŋ, StraightPiabam Kolbíny? Will you tell KolbPuráw Above, upstairs, etc.



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Kaouwí Kaouwí abi bena ala morúCalling to comeŊan widály teara wura wurá Who was that drinking tea

with you?Ŋan wura wurá widály brányŋyiniŋí teara

The same more particularly

Ŋynw gol ŋ For you. As Ŋía buŋabaoú bukŋyniw gol ŋ. I will make abook for you

Náŋagol ŋ To go to sleep. ThisBadyegaráŋ said when thetaptoo beat

Ŋara To hear or think or listenGo Go Go Yágu (contractionof yagúna) ŋarabaoú

Stop, stop, stop (don’t tellme) I shall think of it directly

Nāmínmabadánam You will show meŊyínadymíŋa You stand between me & the

fire.Ŋolonadyēmíŋa You did stop my way.Nakánye The hiccoughŊatu mína wida muni Make haste, drink it up quickŊyínū Thou aloneŊwáŋa or Ŋwawaráŋa Give meNādyaŋálam? Did you see us?Ŋiyú I alone



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William Dawes


Māttí

Merana To be first.

Mutíŋun Ŋírba or MútŋŊirbáŋun

We will carry a fish gig (withus)

Muramadyémi :Thou didst let fall:Matŋarabáŋun :We shall sleep separately:M ŋyín Poulden? What relation are you to

Poulden?Mīmadyím? What’s the matter with youMānw r. To find (literally take abroad)

Mānw rdyaoú I found or did findMínyn mìw na? Why won’t you have it?Mulagátuŋ A body louseM m ga. Mīm bowanára mga

What are you looking forwhat.

Berá pars ̀bugí I have lost a fish hook

M m w ranára What are you looking for.

Mānuru. Mānúr To forget. ForgotMulāl SickPatyegarang Bubílydyaouhandkerchyéra

I covered (myself) with ahandkerchief

Dawes Mínyn? Why?Patyegarang Mulāldw rn Because I was sick.Nēpe To blow the nose:Murí: Lent.

Soft. Easy for a child to eatas soft bread, boiled carrot etc.Murīŋ. The stick which the children throw at the block whichanother trolls along the groundMiamlegol ŋ

Welláŋa To follow or besecond.



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Murul Sand, Dust, or dry EarthMulūma To shut a clasp knifePiybáŋa To open it a clasp knifeMwulunidyaoú I swallowed with difficultyMeranadyém Meraní You (drank tea once) beforeThis was said to me by Patyegarang when I was drinking teathe second time to please themMikoarsbí His foot slipped.

Munye To start, as frightenedMunyemalydyaoú I started.

Munyemuŋadyēmíŋa You made me startMāpiadyím You speak an unknown languageKanamarál kariadyém. Bial Ŋarabúnwína. Kanamarálm karyíMúnnu Another name for fleas or liceMekoarsmadyēmíŋa You winked at meMáluŋ, Dark. Malúmn, On account of DarknessMuréuŋ Cold, or cool, pleasantly so.



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Elder brother.

Youngerbrother.

Tárrsbi or Tyárrsbi

Tarím, A long time.

Degrees of RelationshipBána FatherWíana MotherPokaráta woman Kanāta manBābănă BrotherDtrumn SisterM kūŋ. Sweetheart or Lover ::

M kungál Husband. WifeKowalgaŋ man Kowalgali ŋwoman

Elder sister.

Ŋarámata. Ŋarágali ŋ Youngersister

Tīma To squeeze (as water out ofa spunge)

Tāmunal ŋ A Churl. One who refuses togive

Tlbanyebūni The bell did not ring, or hasnot rungShort. Túmŭrŭ is another

expression for Short.Tyarrsbabaouína I will throw it (water) over

youTalkál A Mussel

Tarmíba or Tarmbaóu, I willa long time As Tarmíba nyam ŋalaw ba, I will live (or stay)here a long time



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Elder brother.

Youngerbrother.





Elder sister.






youTalkál A Mussel




1 of 1 23/10/2009 12:36

Elder brother.

Youngerbrother.





Elder sister.






youTalkál A Mussel




1 of 1 23/10/2009 12:36

as “Bread tāmúnadyaóu”

Tabónga (W) To yawn:Tieeringang To sneezeTaa boorool boorool To gapeTaamoolý To change namesTiéeringaléema To yawnTámara To wipe the handsTaabánga To yawnTsiáti To talkTaamóonadiouĭna I refused you (something)Taatibal ng Good, as to eat.

Tarraburra DayTanié To tie, or tie thouTete Tetebaoú To go awayTetetetetetetete Go Go Go make hasteTīlbáŋa To tear (as paper)Tyerabárrbowaryaou :I shall not become white:This was said by Patyegaráŋ after I had told her, if she wouldwash herself often, she would become white at the same timethrowing down the towel as in despair.Tenmíle To playŊyéla tenmíle ŋyéla Come to play comeTāmúna Gone. Expended. Used up

“I have ate up the bread”Tyérĕrabuŋa To undressTyuragā To spitTyrál1 Gūr2 Shoal water Deep waterTyargálye To scratchTyelkála To embrace. To hugTóana. To court. To make love to.:Tyérun: To run away



1 of 1 23/10/2009 12:35

William Dawes


Dative

Putuwá

NounsDaárĭn to Daára

W rim Where have you beenW rmbuŋí :Why did you do it:

Widagol ŋ? Is it for drinkingW d3 w 2 ŋalaw dyú1 I sit1 on2 a (block of) wood3

Waruŋa1 píaba2 waruŋa1

domne3 buk4When1 will2 domine3 (that isMr. Johnson) read2 in thebook4

This question was by my desire repeated several times byBadyegaráŋ & mostly without waruŋa the second time.

Wura wurá Just now or some little timeback

Mr. Dawes1 píala2 wúra wurá3

Captain CampbellMr. Dawes1 spoke2 just now3

to Captain CampbellCaptain Ball wellamábaParamatín ŋírigal

Captain Ball will return fromParramatta bye & bye (somelittletime hence)

Ŋatú1 ŋara2 ŋía3 gī4 Stop stop!1 Hear2 me3 pray4

To warm ones hand by the fire & then to squeezegently the fingers of another personPutuwidyáŋa wiaŋáta putuwí My mother scorched my

fingers (that I should notsteal)

This I got very particularly from Badyegaráŋ. 19th September1791 See 3 page forward. *



1 of 1 23/10/2009 12:37

Werówee a child (female large)Wógul He (third person singular)Worrong-woóree :On this side (the water):Weeanadóoroo Put it downhereWeeling The lipWaúlo The chinWómara To run as an animal. To fly as

a spear or bird. Also thethrowing stick

Wauloomý. Booróody Worse. BetterWogul1 wórree2 ngwéea3 Give me3 one1 more2

Waunánga Don’t yeWaúra . Rascal from Nanbarry unaskedWaulomi (contraction ofWaulomyen)

Where are you going?

Answer Bĭál NowhereW ruŋa WhenToday YagóonaWaúnĭa A Lie, or falsehoodNgĭĕnĭ waúnĭa You lieWaúnĭadĭemĭ You did lieWaúnadĭémĭ? Would you not?Wīanáda StopWauloonadarang. More if you pleaseWaaragál The Mackerel.

Where have you beenWaúnabaóu1 píĭbooni2(perhaps contraction opíallabooni)

I will not1not talk2 Note adouble negative.

Waúrimi Where have you beenWúduŋ The bone point of a spear



1 of 1 23/10/2009 12:38



Yooroomadioú Booroong

Yagoóna Today, or nowYen To go or to walk

Yenmaóu I will goYarrsbóonie Mind your workliterally, you do not fatigue yourself.Yeerie bená This wayYenóo or yeníoo I go or am going. They say

this when going away:Yerúng: A tree:Yeerabóabo: Bye & byeYoóroo. Ngiéenee goólayoóroo?

Hungry. Are you hungry.

Ngía yooroo ngía I am hungryI was angry with Booroong.

Note this was said by Berangaroo after she had told me thatBenelong had Booroong.Yīngolá You had near fallenYélga The barb of a spearYenw r Go awayYuruīn I am hungry or From hungerYúin Indeed. or It is trueYīnŋmadyém Thou didst let fallYetbí To push anything alongYenarabaou I will go and fetch itYurūlbaradyú I am sharpening the tyib

(by rubbing it on a stone)Yarrakál Clean. Or yellowYāra To sharpen the point of a mut or fishgig



1 of 1 23/10/2009 13:33

Bal w nabún bal

Taramadyaoú

Anger Waurapetá WauragooroongMy wurry wurry My kálgalW r. Away. Abroad. Out of doors. Lost. or to loseWeán or Weána To putWeanmaoú I will putW lbuŋa To turn upside down* About the middle of September 1791 I was tellingPatyegaráng that Wurrgan was a great thief & towards theclose of the conversation I asked her if she stole anything.She said “No” and gave as a reason for it that her motherhad gone through the ceremony described on the third pageback

Don’t refuse it. Or don’tthrow it away (from w na)

Wírrbará Shut the doorWóe. The hair of the dynW nadymíŋa? You will not have me?Or You don’t want my company? Of courseW nadyuína I don’t desire your companyWīrbí Worn out (as clothes &c.)W neaŋ Bad pronunciation. In contradistinction to Búdyerkáraga which signifies Good pronunciation or Good mouthliterallyTéraguíyuŋ The same

I took by mistake. This Patyesaid after taking Ŋalgear’s tea

cup (& pouring some tea into the saucer) instead of her ownWīrbuŋadyém Thou didst wrong or badlyMunaŋúr on seeing me scratch out what I had written



1 of 1 23/10/2009 12:38

Bal w nabún bal

Taramadyaoú

Anger Waurapetá WauragooroongMy wurry wurry My kálgalW r. Away. Abroad. Out of doors. Lost. or to loseWeán or Weána To putWeanmaoú I will putW lbuŋa To turn upside down* About the middle of September 1791 I was tellingPatyegaráng that Wurrgan was a great thief & towards theclose of the conversation I asked her if she stole anything.She said “No” and gave as a reason for it that her motherhad gone through the ceremony described on the third pageback

Don’t refuse it. Or don’tthrow it away (from w na)

Wírrbará Shut the doorWóe. The hair of the dynW nadymíŋa? You will not have me?Or You don’t want my company? Of courseW nadyuína I don’t desire your companyWīrbí Worn out (as clothes &c.)W neaŋ Bad pronunciation. In contradistinction to Búdyerkáraga which signifies Good pronunciation or Good mouthliterallyTéraguíyuŋ The same

I took by mistake. This Patyesaid after taking Ŋalgear’s tea

cup (& pouring some tea into the saucer) instead of her ownWīrbuŋadyém Thou didst wrong or badlyMunaŋúr on seeing me scratch out what I had written



1 of 1 23/10/2009 12:38

William Dawes


Bye & bye Weeanadoóroo,Ngállaw doóroo, or Guaūgo.

N.Nādaŋálam We two saw theeNóla Hughes, Hughes was not there with

you.



1 of 1 23/10/2009 13:34

Bye & bye Weeanadoóroo,Ngállaw doóroo, or Guaūgo.

N.Nādaŋálam We two saw theeNóla Hughes, Hughes was not there with

you.



1 of 1 23/10/2009 13:34

Patyegarang Mr. DawesMínyn bial kaŋa

Ŋān1 búla2 ŋalawi3 nyám4

brāni5What1 other2 here4 at yourhouse3 yesterday5

Ŋāna1 ŋwyí2 Who1 gave2 it (to you)Mínyn túnga? Why does she cry?Ŋabáŋo For the breast. (Answer)W lūmbám góre badyulgo When will you be sick againA mistake I think in saying w lūmbám for w ruŋabám

Wúlaboadyáŋun Paramatín Something relative to comingfrom Parramatta

Wéalŋ. As Wealŋ white mangore?

What is said for. As whatdoes white man say for gore?Answer more

Wúrul. Wúrulbadyaoú Bashful. I was ashamedThis was said to me by Patyegaráŋ after the departure ofsome strangers, before whom I could scarce prevail on her toread 25th September 1791Gw go patabáŋun or Gw gunpatába

We will eat presently

W lom bal kaŋalybún You have not washed (yourchin)Mr. Dawes why don’t you wash(this part)

Patyegarang Kolbía wámiTārŋáŋa

Kolby scolded T rínga

Note Kōlbía, agent. Tārŋa-ŋa patientW rím mānyém buk? Where did you find the book?

W rgilybaóu I will remain awakeW rím wéllamabám? From whence will you return?This to me by Tarabílaŋ when going towards Botany Bay withhim, Kolb & Berw n 13th November 1791



1 of 1 23/10/2009 12:39

Patyegarang Mr. DawesMínyn bial kaŋa

Ŋān1 búla2 ŋalawi3 nyám4

brāni5What1 other2 here4 at yourhouse3 yesterday5

Ŋāna1 ŋwyí2 Who1 gave2 it (to you)Mínyn túnga? Why does she cry?Ŋabáŋo For the breast. (Answer)W lūmbám góre badyulgo When will you be sick againA mistake I think in saying w lūmbám for w ruŋabám

Wúlaboadyáŋun Paramatín Something relative to comingfrom Parramatta

Wéalŋ. As Wealŋ white mangore?

What is said for. As whatdoes white man say for gore?Answer more

Wúrul. Wúrulbadyaoú Bashful. I was ashamedThis was said to me by Patyegaráŋ after the departure ofsome strangers, before whom I could scarce prevail on her toread 25th September 1791Gw go patabáŋun or Gw gunpatába

We will eat presently

W lom bal kaŋalybún You have not washed (yourchin)Mr. Dawes why don’t you wash(this part)

Patyegarang Kolbía wámiTārŋáŋa

Kolby scolded T rínga

Note Kōlbía, agent. Tārŋa-ŋa patientW rím mānyém buk? Where did you find the book?

W rgilybaóu I will remain awakeW rím wéllamabám? From whence will you return?This to me by Tarabílaŋ when going towards Botany Bay withhim, Kolb & Berw n 13th November 1791



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Ŋōăga HoneyŊarrūn Fat of meat. TámmulŊalaríŋi Ours, Belonging to usŊānáma ŋwyí To whom didst thou give itŊālu, We two only, Ŋyéllu, We three only



1 of 1 20/10/2009 17:08

Ŋōăga HoneyŊarrūn Fat of meat. TámmulŊalaríŋi Ours, Belonging to usŊānáma ŋwyí To whom didst thou give itŊālu, We two only, Ŋyéllu, We three only



1 of 1 20/10/2009 17:08

William Dawes


Gona úlye Gorgon mr ŋ.

Note Yenaóu May I go.Patyegarang to Gona úlyeGonaŋúlye. poerbuŋāna

Gona úlye Bial

Dawes Ŋía mur yuróra. I am very angry.Gona úlye & PatyegarangŊalārw ?.

With us?

Gona úlye Mr Dawes ŋyínpíaba?.

Mr Dawes will you speak?

Dawes Ŋānaw ? To whom?To the person belonging tothe Gorgon (before spoken of.)

On saying to the two girls to try if they would correct me

“Ŋyíni, Gonaŋúlye, Ŋia, Naŋadyíŋun.” Patye did correct me &said “Bal Naŋadyiŋun; Naŋadyínye” Hence Naŋadyíŋun isdual We, & Naŋadyínye is Plural We.Gona úlye Yenaraou bisketbrānígal

My I go and fetch the bisketwhich was left yesterdayYenaraou May I go and fetch.Gona úlye. Take hold of myhand and help me up:

Patyegarang to Dawes Ŋiaŋirnarabaouwína berāra

I will go and fetch you somefish hooks (or the shells)

Taríadyaou I made a mistake in speaking.This Patye said, after she had desired me to take away theblanket when she meant the candleTyarsbadyíŋa kubera :My head achesW nyaw rdyaoú I made believe or was only in

jest



1 of 1 23/10/2009 12:43

Goredyú tágarn I more it (that is I take more of it) fromcold (that is to take off the cold) At this time Patyegaráwas standing by the fire naked, and I desired her to put onher clothes, on which she said Goredyú tágarn the fullmeaning of which is “I will or do remain longer naked inorder to get warm sooner, as the fire is felt better withoutclothes than if it had to penetrate through them.” (This is amistake. Goredyú signifies something else) Gore To warm.

Dawes Mīmadyím, m? What’s the matter, what?Patyegarang Tyenmily, bunīn I am come from play

Having sung Ŋalgear mutŋoré & Ŋalgear being veryangry at it; I asked PatyeDawes Mínyn gūlaraŊalgear?

Why is algear angry?

Patyegarang Beríadw rn Because you sungOn singing the same again at some distance from

Ŋalgear; Patyegaraŋ saidKamarāta, beríadinye My friend, he sings about youGona úlye Māma kaow ŋálabogía

My friend, come let us (two) go and bathe

Patyegarang Go go yaguttyibaou yagu Mrs Johnsonma gonyégo kaŋagol ŋ JacketPettycoat Mrs Brown kaŋaba

Stop stop. I am just going to Mrs Johnson’s house to get my jacket & pettycoat washed. Mrs Brown will wash them



1 of 1 24/10/2009 14:23



A Song of New South WalesParabul Param Ma nw Yenb

three or four times repeated, thenParabul Param Bera gala d Toindnm Ma nw Yenb

Y.Yuddyíŋun yudi Buruŋà We two are going to see

Booroong part of the way home



1 of 1 20/10/2009 17:09

Dawes Minyn Kolb píyPunaŋān?

Why did Kolby beat Puna n?

Patyegarang GūlaraBerw na k ŋarn

He was angry with him forseaming Beriwani

Kolbía Berwanía piydyábandPunaŋáŋa

Kolby & Beriwani (they two)beat Punang n.

Gona úlye Mr. DawesMānyaou dy kotyīn,ŋwíadyaou Kolbíny

I found this (holding up aknife) at Koityi, (and) gave itto Kolby

Dawes W riwear, mínynŋwiadyanye Bull pettycoat

Wariwear, why did Bull giveyou the Pettycoat.

Answer Bárinmunīn Because I had no BarinNote. If Barin had not ended with an n it would have beenbunīn instead of munīnPatyegarang Gwíuŋ ŋymagí The fire is out, or going outPatyegarang Dtulará Throw water on the fireNāba1 buláŋun2 Ŋalgear3

bulaŋa4 Tugéarna5We two2 will go and see orlook for1 algear3andTugear5 they two4.

Yúma To send. As. Yúmadarabám Thou wilt send to (theperson before spoken of)Ŋía dturabaou W rweárna. I will kill (lice) for Wariwear.

Gwíuŋ boalá, or Gwíuŋ wuruná. The fire is out, or The fireis going out.



1 of 1 23/10/2009 12:47

William Dawes


Ŋia buŋalydyaoú yér I did thusW lawi buŋalydyaoúKónyérăna yaŋa Bigúna Bigun s KóinyeraW. Mr Dawes W lán yáguw lán

Mr Dawes It rains now itrains.

Patyegarang Kamará1 weána2

wuru nyun wura wad.My friend1, put outside downthere, the stick

Patyegarang NābaouínaWndáyn Tāmunadyēmíŋa.

I will look at you through thewindow (because) yourefused me (bread)

Tāmunadyēgarmíŋa Because you refused meThis, when I gave her a blow on the head out of windowPatyegarang Mr. DawesMeránabaou breakfast,welláŋa sulphur

Mr. Dawes I will firstbreakfast & then (take adose of) sulphur

Patyegarang Mr. DawesKamabaou Haswell wndáyn

Mr. Dawes I will call Haswellfrom the window.

Dawes Mínyn bárakutTugéar, mínyn?

Why are you afraid Tugearwhy?

Tugear Mulláyn. Because of the men.Kurubín. W dyn tārŋál? Where’s his wife?Patyegarang & W. Englánda In England.W. Nābaouw :ŋalía: nābaeora widadw ra

The eoras shall see us drink(sulphur)

Or Nābaouw ŋalārwidadw ra eorára nāba

This last in preference

Tyarsgadyaouwína I scratched youDawes. Mínyn ŋyín balpiabún whiteman?

Why don’t you (learn to)speak like a white man?

Patyegarang W aŋabuníŋa balNot understanding this answer I asked her to explain it



1 of 1 23/10/2009 12:48

L.Lose (verb)I have lost it Parrbuggýit which she did very clearly, by giving me to understand itwas because I gave her victuals, drink & everything shewanted, without putting her to the trouble of asking for it.

I then told her that a whiteman had been wounded somedays ago in coming from Kadi to W ráŋ & asked her why theblack men did it.Answer Gūlara (Because they are) angry.Dawes Mínyn gūlara eóra? Why are the black men

angry?Patyegarang Inyám ŋalwíwhite men

Because the white men aresettled here.

Patyegarang Tyérunkamargál

The kamarigals are afraid.

Dawes Mínyn tyérunkamargál?

Why are the kkamarigalsafraid?

Patyegarang Gunn Because of the Guns.Ŋāna meranába? Which shall be first? (to

drink sulphur water.)Piyadyáŋun meranagol ŋ We two were talking about

who should be first.Woguluŋa bisket May I have, or will you give

me 1Patyegarang W na breakfastMr. Dawes?

Where do you breakfast Mr.Dawes

Dawes Inyam gonyera. Here at home.Patyegarang Bíal gwiyúŋo. The fire is not yet lighted.Patyegarang Nyímuŋ candleMr. Dawes

Put out the candle Mr. Dawes

Patyegarang Mānmáŋuntyíbuŋ wellamadw ra

We will gather tyibungs aswe come back.

Ŋūnmul They call a palisade fence by this nameYér piadyaou Yrnibínya I spoke thus to YrnbyW w bowanára w ŋéra.



1 of 1 23/10/2009 12:51



Brúw kar·adyuw ŋábuŋ

Patyegarang Mr. Faddy yélaMr. Clark yenyában NorfolkIsland

Mr. Faddy with Mr. Clarkwent to Norfolk Island.

Patyegarang Major Ross, Mr.Clark, Mr. Faddy yenyaoúwN.I.

Major Ross, Mr. Clark (and)Mr. Faddy went to NorfolkIsland

NB In this latter, Patyegarang positively denied the proprietyof using ŋyéla instead of yéla, which I supposed might beproper for 3.

(All) three have largebreasts that is. They are all

three women grown.Gonyéra wogúla In one house (all three)After calling Ŋalgear repeatedly and receiving no answerPatye said with some warmthŊalgear, gurbún algear, you have no ears

Ŋalū píyala We two are talking to eachother.

that is. We did not say any thing to you.Dawes Mínyn bialnaŋadyími?

Why don’t you sleep?

Patyegarang Kandulīn Because of the candle



1 of 1 20/10/2009 17:10

2

1

Patyegarang: PiabūnwínyaOr Bal wínya piabūn

I did not speak to you.

Bial míŋa piabūn You did not speak to meMuramadyiŋa ŋalaw :It tires me to stay at home:

Yen ŋ :I want to go out:

Ŋia merawi, Warwíar welluŋa I (went away) first, andWarwar followed.

Tulumdyáŋa :He gave it me for nothing:

Piydyēnína1 | whitemana2 |ŋynār3 | Pundulna,

Pūndunga

A white man beat us threewe three3 Pundul, Poonda (&myself understood)

Piydyaŋála1 | whitemána2 |ŋalār3 | Pūnduŋa4

A white man2 beat us two1 wetwo3 P nda4 (& myselfunderstood)

The difference between speaking of we two & we threeas above expressed was obtained 27 November byPatyegaraŋ first speaking to me asmarked 1 and afterwardsasmarked 2, when on asking her why she did not speak inthe same way the 2d. time as the 1st. she said it was becauseshe had forgot that Pundul was with them, & explainedherself very clearly.Patyegarang ŊwyaoúŊalgeárna tyuŋóra

May I give algear somepork

Patyegarang Ŋwyí tāltyuŋóra breada eóra

He gave pork (and) bread tothe eoras

Patyegarang Ŋwiadyaoúwmagŏra eorāra dy

The eoras gave fish to him



1 of 1 23/10/2009 12:53

William Dawes

44 Book B — Page 40Book B — Pages 37 to 39

Stop a little stop Mitieéwaránga, Miteeánga,Mitéea.

Names etc. of persons dead of the dysentryT dyéra mother of W rwar the less & Bdya BdyaT dyera (another) mother of P nda & T r a



1 of 1 23/10/2009 12:54

3 Pages are blank in the manuscript



Parts of the human BodyKubbura The HeadŊūlu ForeheadKamurá Top headKúru hindheadŊarun eyebrowYīner eyebrowMárīn eyelash



1 of 1 20/10/2009 17:11

W dba w dbaYéra yérăra

Paŋaráŋ

The name of country near Bare IslandThe name of a pond of tolerable water

between it &where fishing partyCapt.n Parker etc. dined.



1 of 1 23/10/2009 12:54

William Dawes


Buribır ŋál Coasters E.Ŋyínd ŊyínBūnduŋ Būnuŋ KneeMūnduru Mūnuru NavelMe Mi EyeŊyrMandaóuw Manaóuw Foot

ColoursŊána, Black. Tyerrá, White.Gomun, Green. Yerakál, YellowMúdyl, Red



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Names of Fruits in New South WalesMarrínm r . Tyíbu . M nmu. MírrburuBomulá. Magará. Tywaragá . Mur r .Buruw . W ta álh. urumarádyh.M rm r. Murawín. Wiygalyá h. KnamêahW ratáh. Kamará h. Burudunh. Mrrgalyá h.(Tak ba, the Acajou-like cherry)

Of the above, such as have an h over them are thenames of flowers bearing honey in sufficient quantity torender them notorious to the natives. The rest of themW rwéar gives the general name of Wgí to; which I havegreat reason to believe signifies a berry as I know most ofthe bushes, all of which bear berries which the natives eat.I think it also probable that some of the above may becalled by two or more different names.

Terminations etc of Verbs·Káŋabānye· ·She (or he) will wash you··Píybaouwíŋa· ·They will beat me·



1 of 1 23/10/2009 12:55

Names of Fruits in New South WalesMarrínm r . Tyíbu . M nmu. MírrburuBomulá. Magará. Tywaragá . Mur r .Buruw . W ta álh. urumarádyh.M rm r. Murawín. Wiygalyá h. KnamêahW ratáh. Kamará h. Burudunh. Mrrgalyá h.(Tak ba, the Acajou-like cherry)

Of the above, such as have an h over them are thenames of flowers bearing honey in sufficient quantity torender them notorious to the natives. The rest of themW rwéar gives the general name of Wgí to; which I havegreat reason to believe signifies a berry as I know most ofthe bushes, all of which bear berries which the natives eat.I think it also probable that some of the above may becalled by two or more different names.

Terminations etc of Verbs·Káŋabānye· ·She (or he) will wash you··Píybaouwíŋa· ·They will beat me·



1 of 1 23/10/2009 12:55



Gwíagals Gwíagal sKuíbal aged

16Menamnuŋ 12

Kólb (or)W ruŋīn, W ŋubílyKólb

28

Yálowe 35

Karaŋarang. W dgabúMuranáŋ. Kurut Kurut(this lady is wife toW ruŋīn, W. Kólb)

25

Kurúbărăbúla 7



1 of 1 23/10/2009 12:55

Gwíagals Gwíagal sKuíbal aged

16Menamnuŋ 12

Kólb (or)W ruŋīn,W ŋubílyKólb

28

Yálowe 35

Karaŋarang.W dgabúMuranáŋ. KurutKurut(this lady is wife toW ruŋīn, W.Kólb)

25

Kurúbărăbúla 17



1 of 1 23/10/2009 13:02

Koréang moolagangNgangoon Bush PointBooragý Bradley’s PointTaliangy drank waterKuba Kuba Middle HeadTooroomagoolie a small CoveBarawoory South HeadGarángal North HeadKaramúng swell of the waterNgálgara d Hd stuff an ully were for a BelTalia so many doubtful



1 of 1 20/10/2009 17:12

Koréang moolagangNgangoon Bush PointBooragý Bradley’s PointTaliangy drank waterKuba Kuba Middle HeadTooroomagoolie a small CoveBarawoory South HeadGarángal North HeadKaramúng swell of the waterNgálgara d Hd stuff an ully were for a BelTalia so many doubtful



1 of 1 20/10/2009 17:12

William Dawes

48


49Book C — Front Cover

Vocabulary of thelanguage of N.S.Wales,in the neighbourhood ofSydney. (Native and English, but not alpha-:betical).

41645. (c).(d)

William Dawes

50 Book C — Page 1Book C — back of cover

WindsThe North Wind BoorroowayThe South Wind BainmarreeThe East Wind GonieemahThe West Wind BowwanThe N.W. Wind Dulugal

orThe North Wind BowwanThe South Wind BalgayallangThe East Wind BoorooweeThe West Wind BainmarreyThe NE WindThe NW Wind DooloogalThe SE WindThe SW Wind Gonieymah

Image of Book C, Page 1.

The notebooks of William Dawes on the Sydney Language http://williamdawes.org/dev/printview.php?image-id=book-c-page-1

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WindsThe North Wind BoorroowayThe South Wind BainmarreeThe East Wind GonieemahThe West Wind BowwanThe N.W. Wind Dulugal

orThe North Wind BowwanThe South Wind BalgayallangThe East Wind BoorooweeThe West Wind BainmarreyThe NE WindThe NW Wind DooloogalThe SE WindThe SW Wind Gonieymah



1 of 1 20/10/2009 17:19


51Book C — Page 2 Book C — Page 3

NumbersOne Wogul +Two Bulla (or) Boolla +, yooblowreThree Boorooi or Brewie +Four Marrydiolo

Murray toolo a great many +



1 of 1 20/10/2009 17:20





1 of 1 20/10/2009 17:20





1 of 1 20/10/2009 17:20





1 of 1 20/10/2009 17:20

Paye wallan illlabeat his house

Gonangoolie name of a little girlBedia Bedia name of a little boyGnoorooin name of a womanWaumWaumediowBomurra Cammeral the Potatoe apple fruit.Marray wet.

Concerning heavy rain.Maugoniera (or) MaugonyairaGoreeail ParroquetNangerra he is asleepGorroda lema he snoresBoorreea a woman’s nameCannalgalleon Boorreea’s tribe



1 of 1 20/10/2009 17:20

Paye wallan illlabeat his house

Gonangoolie name of a little girlBedia Bedia name of a little boyGnoorooin name of a womanWaumWaumediowBomurra Cammeral the Potatoe apple fruit.Marray wet.

Concerning heavy rain.Maugoniera (or) MaugonyairaGoreeail ParroquetNangerra he is asleepGorroda lema he snoresBoorreea a woman’s nameCannalgalleon Boorreea’s tribe



1 of 1 20/10/2009 17:20

William Dawes

52 Book C — Page 4 Book C — Page 5

MoorreereNalgarrar

Linethe hair line

Weeragal MackarelPanyadiswe did paddle QNulloganMallat }Fillets

Yennarrabe He is gone QAllowaudioo. I stayPattane to eatDi ngalla dee. There he, she or it isYemmerrawanne. Tabongen. Tanni.Yenmannia Shall or will goallowaw he lives or stays hereGoray Tarrawine. a FishYenmow I am going



1 of 1 20/10/2009 17:20

MoorreereNalgarrar

Linethe hair line





1 of 1 20/10/2009 17:20

MoorreereNalgarrar

Linethe hair line





1 of 1 20/10/2009 17:20

Gnabunnibow beal I will not seePemulwhy Bediagal . Tugagal . TugaraCarrahdiganCarrahdy }a person skilled in healing wounds

Wuidadieme you have drankWeedadjow I have drankDarramurragal Weran’s TribeGoadgan PigeonWarrewallme worrey.Yennwerre he is goneMongy he does not like itGonyara a woman’s nameBirrabirragalleon. Her TribeCoroby a native’s nameTagora mediangha. severely cold



1 of 1 20/10/2009 17:21

Gnabunnibow beal I will not seePemulwhy Bediagal . Tugagal . TugaraCarrahdiganCarrahdy }a person skilled in healing wounds

Wuidadieme you have drankWeedadjow I have drankDarramurragal Weran’s TribeGoadgan PigeonWarrewallme worrey.Yennwerre he is goneMongy he does not like itGonyara a woman’s nameBirrabirragalleon. Her TribeCoroby a native’s nameTagora mediangha. severely cold



1 of 1 20/10/2009 17:21



Wenyoua. The name given bythe natives to ahorse

Gnanalema. she breathesWarreweere Garabber BenoolbillBarbuggi LostDaringhal His .Whalloo where are you goingmebawchiara. what is the nameDiegomorammedeeDiegomoramme Kiara bunneDamang a cap or covering for

the headCabberra birrong belongs to the headDarringhal hisGnadienna we saw



1 of 1 20/10/2009 22:44

Mullarra Joined to a man Coorarre (or) Goorārră }long . +Toomerre (or) Toomurro }short +DannilbePiejangha He did beat.Gnalga lookPalleya violent laughterJennebe LaughterPeamine marrowMedogy a jointWeroong scar on the backWauburwau I don’t know whereCarrahmah To stealNoonunglanoong relative to place where



1 of 1 20/10/2009 17:21

Mullarra Joined to a man Coorarre (or) Goorārră }long . +Toomerre (or) Toomurro }short +DannilbePiejangha He did beat.Gnalga lookPalleya violent laughterJennebe LaughterPeamine marrowMedogy a jointWeroong scar on the backWauburwau I don’t know whereCarrahmah To stealNoonunglanoong relative to place where



1 of 1 20/10/2009 17:21

William Dawes


Tarramerragal

Noroogal Camy. holes made in a shield by a spearWiggoon. Throwing stick without the shellPatty he did eatPattare eatPattabow shall I eatMānow shall I take

the name of the tribe Weran belongs to, in thedistrict of Wanne.Pattaran may I eatBogul a mouse +Gnarramang the name of a danceCarribberre another mode of dancing



1 of 1 20/10/2009 17:21

Tarramerragal

Noroogal Camy. holes made in ashield by a spear

Wiggoon. Throwing stickwithout the shell

Patty he did eatPattare eatPattabow shall I eatMānow shall I take

the name of the tribeWeran belongs to, in the district ofWanne.Pattaran may I eatBogul a mouse +Gnarramang the name of a danceCarribberre another mode of dancing



1 of 1 20/10/2009 22:48

Nooroonniel The Ligatures round the arm, & which is aline made of the fur or hair of animals.

Momurre the name of a fruitDeragalBunmerre }Lizard

Narrang a species of the LizardGnangnyelle a glass to look through TelescopeBerewalgal . the name given to us by the natives.Berewal a great distance offGnangnanyeele the glass , a reading glassTallangeele window glassWolgan a pair of staysGoorungurregal a tribeGoray more +Cahrahne BiscuitCarrangel Jacket



1 of 1 20/10/2009 17:22

Nooroonniel The Ligatures round the arm, & which is aline made of the fur or hair of animals.


Narrang a species of the LizardGnangnyelle a glass to look through TelescopeBerewalgal . the name given to us by the natives.Berewal a great distance offGnangnanyeele the glass , a reading glassTallangeele window glassWolgan a pair of staysGoorungurregal a tribeGoray more +Cahrahne BiscuitCarrangel Jacket



1 of 1 20/10/2009 17:22

Nooroonniel The Ligatures roundthe arm, & which is aline made of the furor hair of animals.


Narrang a species of theLizard

Gnangnyelle a glass to lookthrough Telescope

Berewalgal . the name given to usby the natives.

Berewal a great distance offGnangnanyeele the glass , a reading

glassTallangeele window glassWolgan a pair of staysGoorungurregal a tribeGoray more +Cahrahne BiscuitCarrangel Jacket



1 of 1 20/10/2009 22:49



BooroodelMaugoran

Matty petticoat.Goragallong. young man. Query

} Booroong says these peopleare unfriendly to us.

Morooberra a native’s name.Gniade for me.Dinalleon women.Garagallong alleong young women. QueryBowwory Bowwah shadow.Beragallon the name of a fish.Goniado the name of a large bird.Carrangarrany the name of a boy from

Botany Bay.



1 of 1 21/10/2009 13:23

BooroodelMaugoran

Matty petticoat.Goragallong. young man. Query

} Booroong says these peopleare unfriendly to us.

Morooberra a native’s name.Gniade for me.Dinalleon women.Garagallong alleong young women. QueryBowwory Bowwah shadow.Beragallon the name of a fish.Goniado the name of a large bird.Carrangarrany the name of a boy from

Botany Bay.



1 of 1 21/10/2009 13:23

the name of a like.

MaugonallyMullamang

Barringan the name of a very handsome girl.Didyerregoor no more.Weereamby Weereammy a bat.Barowan orBooroowan

a plant that looks like the Aloe it bears aflower like the Lilly & a green fruit notunlike a small cooking apple. This fruit is not

wholesome.Moorowul. The name of a Fish.Carooma Black fish.Cagone toad fish which they say is poisonous.Dilluck Yannadah. Full Moon.Diarramurrahmah Coing the Sun setting red.Worgaweena to whistle.Pennieeboollong. The name of Colebe’s Child.Goniee murrah. stink.Nowwa. matter in a sore.Miangah Fly.

} husband.



1 of 1 20/10/2009 17:22

the name of a like.

MaugonallyMullamang

Barringan the name of a very handsome girl.

Didyerregoor no more.Weereamby Weereammy a bat.Barowan orBooroowan

a plant that looks like theAloe it bears a flower likethe Lilly & a green fruit notunlike a small cooking apple.This fruit is not wholesome.

Moorowul. The name of a Fish.Carooma Black fish.Cagone toad fish which they say is

poisonous.Dilluck Yannadah. Full Moon.Diarramurrahmah Coing the Sun setting red.Worgaweena to whistle.Pennieeboollong. The name of Colebe’s Child.Goniee murrah. stink.Nowwa. matter in a sore.Miangah Fly.

} husband.



1 of 1 20/10/2009 22:52

the name of a like.

MaugonallyMullamang

Barringan the name of a very handsome girl.

Didyerregoor no more.Weereamby Weereammy a bat.Barowan orBooroowan

a plant that looks like theAloe it bears a flower likethe Lilly & a green fruit notunlike a small cooking apple.This fruit is not wholesome.

Moorowul. The name of a Fish.Carooma Black fish.Cagone toad fish which they say is

poisonous.Dilluck Yannadah. Full Moon.Diarramurrahmah Coing the Sun setting red.Worgaweena to whistle.Pennieeboollong. The name of Colebe’s Child.Goniee murrah. stink.Nowwa. matter in a sore.Miangah Fly.

} husband.



1 of 1 20/10/2009 22:52

William Dawes


Dinmang wife.Murraytoolo great many.Ullowygang a Ray.Murray naugul a flat HeadGinnare the shovel nosed Ray without a sting.Boorroonaganaga an unknown fishDooroomi leftWarrangi right Booroowunne the name of a man a stranger.Carreweer the name of a female stranger.Wallomill the Bullheaded sharkCorowin Nourse (very large)Gnallangulla Tarreeburre a particular clubMede or medgieme what is this.Manniemongalla To surprise.Badoberong a small fish like a tadpole with two feet


} hand


1 of 1 20/10/2009 17:22

wifegreat manya Raya flat Headthe shovel nosed Ray without a stingan unknown fishleftright

the Bullheaded sharkNourse (very large)a particular clubwhat is thisTo surprisea small fish like a tadpolewith two feet

} hand


1 of 1 20/10/2009 22:57

wifegreat manya Raya flat Headthe shovel nosed Ray without a stingan unknown fishleftright

the Bullheaded sharkNourse (very large)a particular clubwhat is thisTo surprisea small fish like a tadpolewith two feet

} hand


1 of 1 20/10/2009 22:57

Yennime you are going.

Illabelebow I will make water.

Illabelediow I have made water.

Illabelediemi You have made water.Megalliniara the clay on the faceYabbun singing dancing or beating on two clubsYarebadiow I am tired.Wannyewanyi (or) Wan ewan i a Lie. +yahmah I have made asyahmah carrigan I have made a lineworre worrar last nightnangahmi to dream or he dreamsNowey, binniebow I will make a CanoeNowey, binnieba he will make a CanoeBerang belonging to Kami berang a wound from a

spearDooul Colebe’s word for the two BarbsTyyamoone when angryGoogooboari a shadow



1 of 1 20/10/2009 17:22

you are goingI will make waterI have made waterYou have made waterthe clay on the facesinging dancing or beating ontwo clubsI am tireda Lie

I have madeI have made a linelast nightto dream or he dreamsI will make a Canoehe will make a Canoebelonging to awound from a spear

the twoBarbswhen angrya shadow


1 of 1 20/10/2009 22:59

you are goingI will make waterI have made waterYou have made waterthe clay on the facesinging dancing or beating ontwo clubsI am tireda Lie

I have madeI have made a linelast nightto dream or he dreamsI will make a Canoehe will make a Canoebelonging to awound from a spear

the twoBarbswhen angrya shadow


1 of 1 20/10/2009 22:59



Patany goolongKamow shall I, or must I callBarruwalluri The PorpoiseWarrin WinterWeerumminCutbarrar cut offWarrahpattah deje a CursePattarrah eat itGoorogal biel left tooth outPannowa in the rainDooul the spear by which Yerrenibey was woundedMurramurrong the reason given for Bennelong’s wounding

Yerrrenibeywarraigy yenne I believe he is goneWaylin or Wairling howNanmar I dont knowBelle narbone I never saw himNole here, there, in this or in thatJeereei supposed to be used as a chargeGoomedah a spirit or a deceased body



1 of 1 20/10/2009 17:23

Patany goolongKamow shall I, or must I callBarruwalluri The PorpoiseWarrin WinterWeerumminCutbarrar cut offWarrahpattah deje a CursePattarrah eat itGoorogal biel left tooth outPannowa in the rainDooul the spear by which Yerrenibey

was woundedMurramurrong the reason given for

Bennelong’s woundingYerrrenibey

warraigy yenne I believe he is goneWaylin or Wairling howNanmar I dont knowBelle narbone I never saw himNole here, there, in this or in thatJeereei supposed to be used as a

chargeGoomedah a spirit or a deceased body



1 of 1 20/10/2009 23:01

Patany goolongKamow shall I, or must I callBarruwalluri The PorpoiseWarrin WinterWeerumminCutbarrar cut offWarrahpattah deje a CursePattarrah eat itGoorogal biel left tooth outPannowa in the rainDooul the spear by which Yerrenibey

was woundedMurramurrong the reason given for

Bennelong’s woundingYerrrenibey

warraigy yenne I believe he is goneWaylin or Wairling howNanmar I dont knowBelle narbone I never saw himNole here, there, in this or in thatJeereei supposed to be used as a

chargeGoomedah a spirit or a deceased body



1 of 1 20/10/2009 23:01

Murray naugul the flat headCowerre Large flat headMullinagul the small flat headPyebah he will beat himPyebah guago he will beat him presentlyGuago soon or presentlyNotulubrulawlaw notieGnooroome, tatie, natie, natieGnooroome, tatie, natie, natieTarrahwow, tarrahwow

Sung on seeing a flock ofPelicans.

Wanyeawaur the SealTarwaran the SealBoroowan a fruitIllabe to make waterGoningalle voiding the excrement, or he

voids &cYagunah to dayBarrane (or) Borahne Yesterday +Parrebugo or Paraebugah (or)Parribeugo

to morrow +

Parrebuwarrie the day after tomorrowMullinaool (or) Mullinowool the Morning or, this MorningTarreberre DaylightGilly the light given by a candle



1 of 1 20/10/2009 23:03

William Dawes


Darrah (both the rpronounced)

the Thigh

Darah (or) Darra the teeth +Karga the MouthCoing the Sun +Yannădah the Moon +Budoenong the two Magellanic cloudsCalgalleon the largest of the two

Magellanic cloudsgo Worregal.

Jungoa dog +

Jungoro dogsCarrun the beatle found in the grass treeTangnoa the worm found in the grass treeCogarruck the FriarNangoba relative to sleepGnamoroo a Compass (so called by the

natives Gna to see and moroo a path)Bonyooel the person who carried the CompassYahmah or niayahmah I have made itOmoon (this in a whisper) silence or hushYennoreyenYellowwaninminDjerabar or Jerabber the name given to the musketThe Natives frequently called us by the name they give themusket.


} get away


1 of 1 20/10/2009 23:04

Bongajabun he did paddleWyabowinnyah I will giveTannagal (or) Tannēgal Ice +Tagora yago now coldmaugonyaira at his houseErabaddjang the ceremony or operation of

drawing the toothWhalloo where are you goingKamyberong a wound made by a spearGoray More +Didyeregoor enough or I am satisfiedPiejangha he did beatYanbad triedBaddje to huntPannah (or) Pannā rain +DjerbaIllabbaGnaneba the union between the sexesCarrungun Maugro nea a Net to catch FishGalgalla the small poxGongyera (the a as in father) in the house


} to pour out


1 of 1 20/10/2009 23:05



Gongyeago large houseDungarebanyeManyeroWarranjamora I am in Sydney CoveNurbe to barkCowul (animals) a male +Weren (or) Weerring a femaleNadewunnia to stareYeban (or) yibbun to singBalee (or) Ballie to be dry or want waterNeneni YoursTaboa White ClayTaboamillijow Painted whiteBoomerrit the ScimeterCarrejun a fishing LineBruang (or) Boorōwong an Island. NB the natives call

the ships by this nameBruang Keba a Rocky Island +Wadde berong a wound from a stickasking the name of a fowl Mebahkyhaira


} No, or I do not know


1 of 1 20/10/2009 23:11

Gongyeago large houseDungarebanyeManyeroWarranjamora I am in Sydney CoveNurbe to barkCowul (animals) a male +Weren (or) Weerring a femaleNadewunnia to stareYeban (or) yibbun to singBalee (or) Ballie to be dry or want waterNeneni YoursTaboa White ClayTaboamillijow Painted whiteBoomerrit the ScimeterCarrejun a fishing LineBruang (or) Boorōwong an Island. NB the natives call

the ships by this nameBruang Keba a Rocky Island +Wadde berong a wound from a stickasking the name of a fowl Mebahkyhaira


} No, or I do not know


1 of 1 20/10/2009 23:11

Curua to throwYery to throwYery mutin to throw a fiz gigWeda (or) Wedau to drinkYanoong to watchParratbennideow I have eaten it allDidgerrygoor wogul banna only a little bit moreYarre sayGnīa I myself +Pattadiou I eat or have eatenPattadiemy You have eatenGna to seeGnil thereWuida he drinksWuidy he has drunkBurouk a belly full, or I am fullWyajeminga (or) Weeang Give meCanne to smellPomera Bannielly to clap handsVuiddemey vuidudiouYannamilly diou

Drank



1 of 1 20/10/2009 23:13

William Dawes


goonang a spear the barbs of which are cutout of the solid wood

Kahmy the spear with a barb fixed onwith gum, or a spear they throw

Trees TerumoLarge Brown Mahoganytree

Boorooma murray

Fig Tree TammunWhite Gum tree Daranethe fruit of the potatoeplant

Bemurra cammerral

a fruit No MomurreCabbage tree TaranggeraScarlet & Yellow bellflower

Gadegalbadeerie

The Banksiad whichbears the bottle washer

Watanggre

The Fir tree Goomunthe Ligneous Pear Merrydugarea low tree bearing afruit like theWatanggre

Weereagan

The sweet Tea plant WarraburraThe Sceptre flower Warrettah



1 of 1 20/10/2009 23:15

Waumē is to scoldWahmad’jangah a term of reproach, with which the nativesare highly offended, it is sometimes used by the women &which the men always punish them for.norar a place or countryweree norar a bad countrytagubah (or)targobar } the hart herry tree

warringa by & bygurugal a long time backKebarra the presentwarr berong orah where is a better countryGritty or dirty Pemulginaabove or upwards Boorawabelow or under Cady (or) Caddy +speaking of a man & his wife he used these wordsMaygonallyGniellaDitgallaBoonailleyBooinyella



1 of 1 20/10/2009 23:16



Head Cabera (or) Căbĕrră +Eye Mai (or) Mi (or) My +Nose Nogur (or) Nogŭrro +Lips Willin (or) Willing +Tongue Tallang +Chin Wallo +Ear Gorey (or) Goray +Beard Yarre (or) Yarrin +Hair Devarra (or) Dewarrā +Belly Barong (or) Barrong +Penis GadiaHand TamiraFingers BerilleBackside Bong (or) BoongbooronetongBlood Pannera (or) Pannerrong +People Eora (or) Eōrāh +Women GenaillonPrivate Parts of Women GomerryFat BoggaySpace occasioned by the lossof the Eye or hind tooth

Boolbagadeimi



1 of 1 20/10/2009 23:18

The little finger of the lefthand of the woman when thetwo joints are cut off

Malgun

Father Bean. Beanna +Mother Wyang. Wyanga. +Male Child WongeraFemale Child Werowey DinRelations or friends Goualgar

BabunnaCouelgon

a name sake, or a person withwhom the name has beenexchanged

Damelabillie

NyangdeeaNang deea nangNang deea nang kiara

to ask the name of a personor thing

Nallar look or seeNangare he sleeps or is asleepFor Copulation he uses all these words — YangaCannadingga Callo Callyne.The effect of the hot burning sand upon the EyeMurray Cannandinga Mi



1 of 1 20/10/2009 23:20

William Dawes


Emu MaraongMosquito hawk PobuckHawk Jammul jammulCrow WoganWhite Cockatoo GarrawayBlack Cockatoo GarateSpider MarraegongBeetle GoniagoniaButterfly BurrudieraCurlew UrwinnerrywingA bird with a shrill note DilbungLeaping Quadruped Largespecies

Patagorong

Leaping quadruped, smallspecies

Baggaray

the skin of the Patagorong BoggaiCommon rat WurraKangaroo rat GanimongOpossum WobbinFlying squirrel BongoRed opossum (another sort) Rogoraa Mosquito TewraBite of a mosquito Tewra dienga Scorpion D,tooney



1 of 1 20/10/2009 23:21

Snapper WallumaiSting Ray TeringyanMullet large sort WaradielMullet small sortCrab Keraa Rock Oyster Petanghyan Oyster Dainiaa Mussel Dalgalthe Zebra fish MaromeraThe Squill YurillBlubber GarumaThe Prince fish Barong



1 of 1 20/10/2009 23:23



Water Bā do +Earth Pēmul +Fire Guyon (or) Gweeyong +Smoke Cadjiel (or) Căjel +High Wind Guārra xDead Palley (or) Gogun (or) BoēSweat Yurucaa Star Birrong +a falling star Turugaa cluster of stars Molumolua Canoe NoeCold Tagora (or) Tagĕrra xBad Were (or) Weere +a Sore MediongStone or Rock KebaSand Murrong +a Hut Gonye (or) GonieeThunder Murungle (or) Moorungul xRespecting thunder BadjeberongStruck by thunder Murungle berong



1 of 1 20/10/2009 23:24

Lightning Monghe (or) Monghhīa Spear KamaiThrowing stick WomaraBarb on a spear YalgaSunrise bybobar (or) Coing bybobarSunset BurregularMoon when new Yannadah ParragiMoon when set Yannadah Pooraa great way off Arrowana Shield made of wood Arrāgong +a Shield made of bark Elemong (or) Eelymong +Ornament BengaddeNight Gnoowing (or) Gnooing +Day CammurreeFull Moon Murray YannadahAll men Mullaboa Spear with a barb BilllarraTo make the scars on thebreast

Carranga bowiniey Congarrey

Here Die Diam (or) Inyam +



1 of 1 20/10/2009 23:25

Lightning Monghe (or) Monghhīa Spear KamaiThrowing stick WomaraBarb on a spear YalgaSunrise bybobar (or) Coing bybobarSunset BurregularMoon when new Yannadah ParragiMoon when set Yannadah Pooraa great way off Arrowana Shield made of wood Arrāgong +a Shield made of bark Elemong (or) Eelymong +Ornament BengaddeNight Gnoowing (or) Gnooing +Day CammurreeFull Moon Murray YannadahAll men Mullaboa Spear with a barb BilllarraTo make the scars on thebreast

Carranga bowiniey Congarrey

Here Die Diam (or) Inyam +



1 of 1 20/10/2009 23:25

William Dawes


To Run WomaradiuTo Laugh JannaTo Cry TongaTo Sleep NangoraTo Sing BooraiyeTo Yawn DabunalyoTo Sneeze GulegulaTo breathe BomidiouTo Copulate YangaTo shake hands PatpanjoieineeTo stand with the handsbehind the back

Arramaillim

To stand with the handsbehind the head

Corocanniul

To Clap hands PalpanieyouTo Bite Toll BooroaTo Tickle GittegitteTo Come here Coe Cowe Cwoi Cowana +To sit down AllowodieuTo Cut in two Cotberryjou



1 of 1 20/10/2009 23:27

To Fly WomeraTo Snore GorodaTo Paddle GoinniaTo shut one eye Gooraginea Woman that cries Din Tongea Man that cries Mulla TongiTo Swim Wadby (or) Waddbe +To Dive BogaTo Cut CotbannieTo Burn Cannadinga Cannadinanwhat gives fire Gerrubber (or) GerebarTo Soak or wash in water Carremille BadoI am Dry BadogoballeyvuidaRelating to drinking VuidaidiniaTo suck Binya Vuidu Mooroobindescribing an Infant Nabungay WeroweRelating to walking Yennarabanie yennoolRelating to walking at afuture time

Yenmania

Where Wau +Let us walk YennangaleaWalking away or together Yennibun



1 of 1 20/10/2009 23:28



To hear NarradewTo Call Camar (or) Kāmā +To Stand WarreweeTo Shiver TaggorayagoTo Creep MaroweyTo Chew Chiang (or) ChangutahTo Kiss BoonallieyTo Speak PiararTo Speak Byalla GarrigaTo Fear JarruneAfraid Bargat +To Fall YerydiemyTo Stay AlloeyTo Go away Albongadiow Woroo Woroo

(or) WoorarTo set near anyone UrydiowTo Pick up anything ManiooTo blow with the breath BoamereTo Fight or beat PyyabowThe colour green BoolgagaFine Weather Bealoray Boora careemeyRelating to giving weajeminga weajowinia

Wianga.



1 of 1 20/10/2009 23:28

To hear NarradewTo Call Camar (or) Kāmā +To Stand WarreweeTo Shiver TaggorayagoTo Creep MaroweyTo Chew Chiang (or) ChangutahTo Kiss BoonallieyTo Speak PiararTo Speak Byalla GarrigaTo Fear JarruneAfraid Bargat +To Fall YerydiemyTo Stay AlloeyTo Go away Albongadiow Woroo Woroo

(or) WoorarTo set near anyone UrydiowTo Pick up anything ManiooTo blow with the breath BoamereTo Fight or beat PyyabowThe colour green BoolgagaFine Weather Bealoray Boora careemeyRelating to giving weajeminga weajowinia

Wianga.



1 of 1 20/10/2009 23:28

Gone YenmaBroke Cotbainjow CotbalieNow NoongEmpty ParraberryFull Eri (or) Boruk +Diving BogailliaCutting off WoganminneringYou must Cry TongaydoroEating (the act of) ParranbaniediouWill you have any more Wallumeron wea

Alive Mootong +Air Bayjah +Angry Goolārra +Another Wogulōray +Ant Mon. +a Bird Binyang +Black Gnānā . +Boy Wongĕrra +Brave Mattong +Breasts Nābung +Dew Minnieemolong +



1 of 1 20/10/2009 23:30

Gone YenmaBroke Cotbainjow CotbalieNow NoongEmpty ParraberryFull Eri (or) Boruk +Diving BogailliaCutting off WoganminneringYou must Cry TongaydoroEating (the act of) ParranbaniediouWill you have any more Wallumeron wea

Alive Mootong +Air Bayjah +Angry Goolārra +Another Wogulōray +Ant Mon. +a Bird Binyang +Black Gnānā . +Boy Wongĕrra +Brave Mattong +Breasts Nābung +Dew Minnieemolong +



1 of 1 20/10/2009 23:30

William Dawes


Egg Cābahn. +Eyebrow Yinnerrĭ +Far Arroun +Feather Gnoniul +Male Mulla +Female Din +Fish Maugro +Foot Mannoe +Good Boodyĕrrĕ +Great Murray +Hole Gomĕrry +Hungry Yuroo +Little Narrang +Man (homo)Man (vir.) } Guyong +

Milk Mooroobin +Mine Dannai +Mother Wyang Wyanga +Nails Carrunggle +No Bēal +



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Egg Cābahn. +Eyebrow Yinnerrĭ +Far Arroun +Feather Gnoniul +Male Mulla +Female Din +Fish Maugro +Foot Mannoe +Good Boodyĕrrĕ +Great Murray +Hole Gomĕrry +Hungry Yuroo +Little Narrang +Man (homo)Man (vir.) } Guyong +

Milk Mooroobin +Mine Dannai +Mother Wyang Wyanga +Nails Carrunggle +No Bēal +



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Pregnant Binyeeghine +Red Moojel +Sea Carrigerrang +Seek Petoē +Sick Bagel (or) Bajel+Sister Māmunna +Son Dōroong +Tail Doon +Wing Wilbing +Woman Din +Wood (Lignum) Wadday +Wood (sylva) Tūgā +You Gnieenie +



1 of 1 20/10/2009 23:33

Pregnant Binyeeghine +Red Moojel +Sea Carrigerrang +Seek Petoē +Sick Bagel (or) Bajel+Sister Māmunna +Son Dōroong +Tail Doon +Wing Wilbing +Woman Din +Wood (Lignum) Wadday +Wood (sylva) Tūgā +You Gnieenie +



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67

16 pages are blank in the manuscript

Book C — Pages 34 to 49

William Dawes


Names of PlacesRose Hill ParamattaThe district of Rose Hill WannWaumailleMalgraymattaEraworongCarramattaBoolbanemattaCarrowotongMarrong

NB: In going to the Westwardfrom Rose Hill you walk in tenminutes to Warmul, in nineteento Malgramattar, in seven toArarwoorung, in eighteen toCarrarmattar, in five toBulbarnmattar, in twenty-nine toKarrarwotong, & in seventeen toMurrong — Prospect Hill.

Island at the Flats ArrowanellyThe people who inhabit the lastdistrict Arrowanelly are called

Bediagal

Those people inhabitingWarmul are called

Cannemegal

Image of Book C, Pages 50–51. Image of Book C, Pages 50–51.

The notebooks of William Dawes on the Sydney Language http://williamdawes.org/dev/printview.php?image-id=book-c-pages...

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Names of PlacesRose Hill ParamattaThe district of Rose Hill WannWaumailleMalgraymattaEraworongCarramattaBoolbanemattaCarrowotongMarrong

NB: In going to the Westwardfrom Rose Hill you walk in tenminutes to Warmul, in nineteento Malgramattar, in seven toArarwoorung, in eighteen toCarrarmattar, in five toBulbarnmattar, in twenty-nine toKarrarwotong, & in seventeen toMurrong — Prospect Hill.

Island at the Flats ArrowanellyThe people who inhabit the lastdistrict Arrowanelly are called

Bediagal

Those people inhabitingWarmul are called

Cannemegal


The notebooks of William Dawes on the Sydney Language http://williamdawes.org/dev/printview.php?image-id=book-c-pages...

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Sydney Cove1st island coming up theharbour2nd island coming uptheharbour3rd island coming up theharbour or Garden Island4th island coming up theharbour or Rock Island5th island coming up theharbour6th island coming up theharbour or Cockatoo Island7th island coming up theharbour8th island coming up theharbour or Spectacle IslandNorth HeadSouth Head

this isMiddle HeadInner South HeadAnother HeadFarm CoveEast Point of Farm CoveCove next to Farm CoveEast Point of WallamoolNext Cove after Wallamool

The notebooks of William Dawes on the Sydney Language http://williamdawes.org/dev/printview.php?image-id=book-c-pages-52-53

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1 of 1 20/10/2009 17:28

William Dawes


a Little sandy bay WeeaggywallarBradley Point TalleongiRose Bay PannerongWest Point of Camp Cove MetallarAn Island BoorroowanThe Rock in the Channel BirrabirraSydney Cove East Point TubowguleSydney Cove West Point Tarraa small Cove within Sydney Cove MeliawoolWhere the Hospital stands TallawoladahWhere the Fisherman’s hut is TarrangeraguyBotany Bay Kamay

Manly Bay KayyemyCollins Cove KayoomayLong Cove GomoraRoss Farm Cowwanthe Point called the docks PareinmaBreakfast Point BooridiowoguleDinner Point Marraymah



1 of 1 21/10/2009 13:36

a Little sandy bay WeeaggywallarBradley Point TalleongiRose Bay PannerongWest Point of Camp Cove MetallarAn Island BoorroowanThe Rock in the Channel BirrabirraSydney Cove East Point TubowguleSydney Cove West Point Tarraa small Cove within Sydney Cove MeliawoolWhere the Hospital stands TallawoladahWhere the Fisherman’s hut is TarrangeraguyBotany Bay Kamay

Manly Bay KayyemyCollins Cove KayoomayLong Cove GomoraRoss Farm Cowwanthe Point called the docks PareinmaBreakfast Point BooridiowoguleDinner Point Marraymah



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Names of Native MenBurrowunGomebeereYellomundy or YellahmundeDJimba or JimbahGomil DDColebeBulmannaGoramoaboa DDWattewalCongarailGnoolumey DDYendaw DDYarrearool DDBaiddo DDCammarangCarruey DDTabongenBalooderryBygoongBeidabeidaWeran



1 of 1 20/10/2009 23:40

NanbarreCuddur the man who diedWillemering the man who threw the spearWeremurraWerongYooledieeraMaugeran or MaugoranWolarrebarre, Wogultrowe, Bannellon, Boinba Bundebunda.

CollindjamCarrangarrayBoo_ruwunneGnungagnungenWerareBingywanneDoondallahNarroommyGoreyangBoorodel. Maugoran



1 of 1 20/10/2009 23:42

William Dawes

72 Book C — Page 61

Names of WomenMilbahBarangarooWarraiwere BielboolGorooberraGonangoolieGnoorooinPonnieboollong Colebe’s child



1 of 1 20/10/2009 23:42


Book C — Pages 58 to 60


73Book C — Page 63Book C — Page 62

TribesMen Women

Cammeragal CammeragalleonCadigalWongalGweagalNorongeragalWalumedegalBorogegal. YurueyGomerigal. TongarraBoorammedegalGorualgalKameygalMurrooredialBoolbainoraOryangsooraWandeandegalBediagalCarrugalToogagal



1 of 1 20/10/2009 23:43

This page is blank in the manuscript

William Dawes

74 Book C — Page 75Book C — Page 64 to 74

Words used by the Natives in the HawkesburyBodda the PenisBoroobal hairBoroo ScrotumMareemy TesticlesCondoin Moon



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75

William Dawes

76


77

William Dawes

78


79

William Dawes

80

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