Orthopedics Is the study of the musculoskeletal system.
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Transcript of Orthopedics Is the study of the musculoskeletal system.
OrthopedicsOrthopedics
Is the study of the musculoskeletal Is the study of the musculoskeletal system.system.
CTVT:CTVT: pgs 676-677- pgs 676-677-Retractors and pgs 679-685Retractors and pgs 679-685
Please review all information on Please review all information on orthopedic instruments.orthopedic instruments.
You will be given an instrument You will be given an instrument identification exam over identification exam over orthopedic instruments. orthopedic instruments.
Please take time to study the orthopedic Please take time to study the orthopedic instruments here at school as well as in instruments here at school as well as in your book.your book.
Orthopedic SurgeryOrthopedic Surgery
Is the branch of Is the branch of surgerysurgery concerned with concerned with acuteacute, , chronicchronic, , traumatictraumatic, and overuse , and overuse injuriesinjuries and other disorders of the and other disorders of the musculoskeletal systemmusculoskeletal system. Orthopedic . Orthopedic surgeons address most musculoskeletal surgeons address most musculoskeletal ailments including ailments including arthritisarthritis, , traumatrauma and and congenitalcongenital deformities using both surgical deformities using both surgical and non-surgical means.and non-surgical means.
Single-action rongeur
Double-action Ruskin rongeur-mechanically
stronger than single-action. Kerrison rongeur
Gun shaped appearance. Useful
for spinalsurgeries
Rongeurs: Close-up of tips.Rongeurs: Close-up of tips.
Used to cut small pieces of dense tissue such as bone, cartilage, or fibrous tissue
The Musculoskeletal The Musculoskeletal System consists of ?System consists of ?
Answer:Answer:
BonesBones JointsJoints LigamentsLigaments
TendonsTendons MusclesMuscles NervesNerves CartilageCartilage
Wire cutters Wire cutters (left)(left) and bone and bone cutters cutters (right).(right). They look similar They look similar but should not be confused. Bone but should not be confused. Bone
cutters have finer jaws.cutters have finer jaws.
Osteotomes and chisels are used to
cut bone. Osteotomes and
chisels are used by pounding on the flared end of the
handle with a mallet.
Mallet
Chisel
Osteotome
OrthopedicsOrthopedics
ArthritisArthritis Cruciate Ligament RuptureCruciate Ligament Rupture Canine Hip DysplasiaCanine Hip Dysplasia Intervertebral Disk DiseaseIntervertebral Disk Disease
Key
Pin Cutter
Steinmann pinsaka
Intramedullary (IM) pins
Extension
Smaller pins=Kirschner wires
or K wires
Jacobs hand chuck or a power drillis required to
insert pins intobone, and a pin
cutter is necessaryto cut it to theproper length.
Bone-holding forceps. Bone-holding forceps. Left to right:Left to right: Small Kern bone-holding forceps, large Small Kern bone-holding forceps, large speed-lock forceps, large point-to-point speed-lock forceps, large point-to-point
forceps, small clamshell forceps.forceps, small clamshell forceps.
Bone curettes
of various sizes.
Used to scrape hard tissue such
as bone or cartilage. Notice
the cuplike structure. These
are used for bone grafts.
Used to pry periosteum or muscle from the bone surface. They can have sharp
or blunt edges and are available in various
sizes.
Freer elevator
¼ inch Key elevator
In general these instrumentsare called Periosteal
elevators
Michel trephineMichel trephine
This instrument is T-shaped and is used to remove a core of bone for biopsy. All of these instruments are very sharp. Use caution when handling them.
Orthopedic wire, Orthopedic wire, wire twisters, wire wire twisters, wire cutters. Wire cutters. Wire twisters look twisters look similar to needle similar to needle holders but are holders but are more rugged and more rugged and designed to designed to withstand higher withstand higher
forces.forces.
Various sizes of bone Various sizes of bone plates.plates.
Bone plates must be bent to match the curve of the bone and fastened to it with bone screws.
Bone screws Bone screws
Bone plating equipment. Bone plating equipment. Left to right:Left to right: Drill Drill guide, drill bit, depth gauge, tap sleeve (to guide, drill bit, depth gauge, tap sleeve (to
prevent soft tissues from being caught on the prevent soft tissues from being caught on the
bone tap), bone tap, and screwdriver.bone tap), bone tap, and screwdriver.
External fixation is a means of stabilizing fractures using pins placed through the
skin and bone. These pins are fixed to bars using special
clamps.
CTVT: pgs. 820-821CTVT: pgs. 820-821
Please read over the following topics:Please read over the following topics: Canine Hip DysplasiaCanine Hip Dysplasia Intervertebral Disc DiseaseIntervertebral Disc Disease
Canine Hip DysplasiaCanine Hip Dysplasia
Hip dysplasia is an abnormal development and growth of the hip joint. Both hips are usually affected, but only one side may show symptoms. Hip dysplasia occurs primarily in dogs that have a mature body weight of over 30 pounds. Genetics and nutrition appear to important factors in these dogs.
Intervertebral Disk Intervertebral Disk DiseaseDisease
Breeds commonly affected:Breeds commonly affected: DachshundsDachshunds PekingesePekingese Cocker SpanielsCocker Spaniels PoodlesPoodles PugsPugs BeaglesBeagles
ChondrodystrophoidChondrodystrophoid Any disorder of cartilage formationAny disorder of cartilage formation
Intervertebral disk disease affects the spinal cord of chondrodystrophoid breeds at an earlier age than nonchondrodystrophoid breeds.
Orthopedic TerminologyOrthopedic Terminology
What’s Next?What’s Next? Fractures!Fractures!