Oriental Psychology
Transcript of Oriental Psychology
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Oriental
Psychology
by: Jennibeth D. Baculna(Development of Psychological Thoughts)
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Consists of the psychologically relevant
materials taken from ancient writings in the
Orient. As a rule, the practice of Oriental Psychology
is called meditation(dhyana).
Meditation was changed to REALIZATIONthe process of making certain principles real to
oneself.
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Oriental Psychologists distinguish
between realization and action as
means of attaining the experienceof spiritual freedom which they term
as bodh i (enlightenment) or
kaivalya(liberation).
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Indian Psychology
Encompasses the vast body of Indiaswisdom that concerns the human being the sources could be Vedas, Upanishads,
Yoga, Bhagavad Gita, Buddhism and itsvarious schools.
Indian philosophy and Indian psychologyshare a framework and believe the humanhas enormous potential hidden in its being.It also has an endless array of techniquesto raise human consciousness.
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Studies in the West on psychology of
consciousness, parapsychology,
psychology of religion and transpersonalpsychology in the last few decades
borrow from the ideas of Indian
psychology.
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Personality development consists of
growth toward unity.
Six personality types recognized in Buddhism:
-Ragacharith (attached)
-Doscharith (envy)-Mohacharith (dull, idle)
-Buddhicharith (rational)
-Vithakkacharith (imaginative)
-Sadvacharith (disciplined)
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Buddhism
The most scientificreligion.It does not
speak of God, there is no soul, but only
the contribution of experiences or karmaor personality through different
incarnations. The ultimate reality is
described as vacuum or sunyata.
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Mindfulness (Vipassana)
A major
technique in
Buddhismbeing mindful
of even
mundane
activities
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Four noble truths:
Pain
Cause of Pain (passion and lust)
Annihilation of Pain (the possibility of ending pain)
The eight folds path leading to cessation of pain
*In the Buddhist doctrine, mind is the starting point, the
focal point, and also, as the liberated and purified
mind of the arhat or enlightened being, the culminating
point.
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Doctrine of Interdependent
Origination of Buddhism
Explains how the present mind moment is
influenced by the preceding mental state, and
how the present state conditions the
succeeding moments of experience. One of
the practical skills taught by the Buddha for
bringing about psychological transformation is
the ability to discern the two different sorts ofmental states that arises in the mind: healthy
and unhealthy.
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Four processes of the mind:
Consciousness (vinnana) Perception (sanna) Sensation (vedana)
Reaction (sankhara)*Consc iousness is nonjudgmental awareness,until percept ion interprets the stimuli eithernegatively or positively. This interpretation
produces a sensat ionwithin us, which is eitherpleasant or unpleasant, depending upon ourperception. And finally comes react ion, which isthe action the sensation provokes.
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Desirelessness
Key to nirvana, emphasized
moderation (not total indulgence or
complete self-denial)
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Jainism
Jain philosophy
differentiates cognitive,
knowledge and intuitive
understanding.
The path to realization:
-Right faith
-Right knowledge
-Right conduct
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They believe that the soul is the possessor of material
karma
an aggregate of particles of very fine matterimperceptible to our senses. The soul is inherently pure
and perfect. But just as the shining sun is often obscured
by either a cloud or mist or a veil of dust, so the soul is
clouded by karma.
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Jainism has its own yoga called caritra.
Bondage is due to the inflow of karmic
matter that is due to the actions of body,mind and speech. Hence the process of
emancipation will naturally start with the
stoppage of this inflow and liquidation ofthe already accumulated karma-
particles.
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Jain typology called lesya or colour
type theory grades people
according to the coloration of soul
by karmic passions: black, blue,grey, pink, red and white. Six types
of colour-indexes have been
suggested to fit in with all the moral
and immoral kinds of beings:
(black)-wickedness and cruelty
(blue)-anger and envy
(grey)-dishonesty and meanness
(pink)-discipline
(yellow)-subduing of passions(white)-meditation of virtue and
truth (the favoured colour of Jain
monks).
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The Psychology
of Zen
Variety of Buddhismwhich evolved in Japan.
The zen derived from
Dhyan which meansmeditation.
The focus in Zen is notto free oneself fromnegative outside
influences, but tochange oneself on theinside. Moreover, Zendeals with anexamination of the self,recognizing that if we
understand ourselveswe'll be better able tocontrol our senses andemotions rather thanbeing controlled bythem.
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Zen asserts that it is important for a person
to be situated without holding back. Really
be who you are. Rather than a removed ordissociated approach to life, Zen
encourages full involvement and
participation in life. The more a person
becomes their situatedness, the more theirnatural or inherent self appears in their
experience.
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Taoism
A religion flourished in China.
Tao = Way or How
It can be known by becoming aware of what is
happening through meditation. Tao does not behave,
does nothing at all yet everything gets done. It is the
law of things, the common ground of all creation.
The Taoist way of life involves living in harmony with
nature.