ORGANIZATION IN THE VISUAL

ARTSPrinciples of Design

Harmony� Essential to beauty.

� Visual arts: achieved by establishing a pleasing relationship between the various elements.

• � Unity: various parts of the design will give an appearance of belonging together.

• � Repetition of angles and curves, shapes, lines and colors will give a harmonious effect.

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� To relieve monotony, there must be variety.

◦ The spice of life and of art.

◦ May be achieved by the diversity of materials used and slight contrast in color, texture, shape and space arrangements.

Balance� All parts are equally

distributed around a central point.

� Weights are equally distributed on each side of a center of fulcrum, as in see-saw.� Gives a feeling of stability and rest.

� Makes an object or room not only interesting but also pleasant to look at.

Formal balanceSymmetrical balance� Achieved by making both

sides exactly alike.� Objects of the same size

and shape, when arranged on two sides of a center, will produce formal balance.

Informal or asymmetrical balance

� More difficult to achieve the formal balance; however, the results are more interesting.

� Achieved when objects of unequal weights or unequal attractions are placed at the correct distances from the center as when a large object or an object of stronger attraction is placed near the center, while the smaller object or one with less striking attraction is moved

Proportion� Determined by a

comparison of the sizes of different parts of an object or of an arrangement.

� Achieved when one part of an object does not seem too big or too small for other parts.

RhythmAchieved by the regular or

harmonious recurrence of lines, forms, and colors.

� Organized movement, a beat, a repetition.

� Through the repetition of lines or forms, a pattern is produced, which the eye follows as it moves from the right to left.

Emphasis/ Subordination

� Some parts easily catch our attention and interest while other parts are not noticed at all.

� Produced by the design or form that catches our attention while the rest are subordinated.

� Pattern emphasized usually forms the center of interest.

� � Giving importance to the parts or to the whole.

Principles of design

Principles of Design ways in which form elements (inter) act

within a composition, and help bring order and meaning to it.

Shape

A two dimensional outline of an object or its representation in an image.

Form

A distinguishable three dimensional image of the

subject matter.

Leading Lines• Are used to draw the viewer’s

eye through a photograph and are intentional or unintentional, natural lines created in the space of the photograph and are used to create a visual narrative in the composition. Also used to draw your eye to a focal point in the shot that you would like to highlight.

Texture • The visible surface

quality of an object adding character to your picture. Texture can be smooth and shiny like a new car, or rough and edgy as in tree bark or a cobble walkway.

Color (Hue)- Symmetrical Balance

• Symmetrical balance can be described as having equal “weight” on equal sides of a centrally placed fulcrum. It may also be referred to as formal balance.

Asymmetrical Balance• Also called informal balance, is

more complex and difficult to envisage. It involves placement of objects in a way that will allow objects of varying visual weight to balance one another around a fulcrum point. This can be best imagined by envisioning a literal balance scale that can represent the visual “weights” that can be imagined in a two dimensional composition.

Gradient

• Is something fading like a sunset and you cant see where it ends.

Repetition • Involves the use of patterning

to achieve timed movement and a visual “beat”. This repetition may be a clear repetition of elements in a composition, or it may be a more subtle kind of repetition that can be observed in the underlying structure of the image.

Pattern• The regular repetition of several objects, shapes, or colors in an ordered or random manner.

Contrast

• A striking exhibition of unlikeness.

Dominance

• Dominance is an object or color that stands out in relation to the rest of the image.

Proportion

• Refers to the relative size and scale of the various elements in a design. The issue is the relationship between objects, of a whole.

Unity• Is the underlying principle that

summarizes all of the principles and elements of design. It refers to the coherence of the whole, the sense that all of the parts are working together to achieve a common result; a harmony of all the parts. Unity can be achieved through the effective and cosistent use of any of the elements, but pattern- that is, underlying structure- is the most fundamental element for a strong sence of unity.

MOVEMENT–is the process of relocation of objects in space over time.

–We can speak of movement as; literal or compositional

Literal movementis signaled by symbolic forms that suggest speed and motion.

• Compositional movementIt consider how the viewer's eye moves through the composition.How the components relate and lead the viewer's attention.

•Thank you for listening