Organización Panamericana de la Salud.... Information Knowledge Management Evolution of Bioethics...

OrganizaciónPanamericanade la Salud

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Information Knowledge Management

Evolution of Bioethics

Dr. Richard Van West-Charles


Evolution of BioethicsEvolution of Bioethics

(i)Paradigm of Traditional Medical Ethics

(ii) Biomedical Ethics

(iii)Public Health Ethics

(i)Paradigm of Traditional Medical Ethics

(ii) Biomedical Ethics

(iii)Public Health Ethics


Domain of BioethicsDomain of Bioethics

Biomedical Public Health

Individual Level +++++ ++

Population ++ ++++


Health is Central to DevelopmentHealth is Central to Development

Definition of Health

(i) WHO:Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well being, deals with the absence of illness and disease.

(ii) IOMPublic Health is what we as a society do collectively to assure the conditions for people to be healthy.

Definition of Health

(i) WHO:Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well being, deals with the absence of illness and disease.

(ii) IOMPublic Health is what we as a society do collectively to assure the conditions for people to be healthy.


Who’s Definition Places the Focus at the• Individual• Population level.

IOM – Focuses on the Collective

Bioethics is relevant to both definitions but the difficultyis in the details which makes Bioethics critical as to how we operationalise.

Who’s Definition Places the Focus at the• Individual• Population level.

IOM – Focuses on the Collective

Bioethics is relevant to both definitions but the difficultyis in the details which makes Bioethics critical as to how we operationalise.


Declaration of Human Rights (Art.:25)Declaration of Human Rights (Art.:25)

• Acknowledges right to health as a component of a standard for humans, adequate for health and well being.

• Likewise the International Convenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights adapts health as a human right.

• Acknowledges right to health as a component of a standard for humans, adequate for health and well being.

• Likewise the International Convenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights adapts health as a human right.


Application of these Definitions and statement highlights the importance of Bioethics

Application of these Definitions and statement highlights the importance of Bioethics

• Additionally – Road to democracy demands• Access to information for informed decision

making.• Agency relationship diminishing• Consumer empowerment is an important

Bioethical Issue• Rights and responsabilities – bear Ethical

implications.

• Additionally – Road to democracy demands• Access to information for informed decision

making.• Agency relationship diminishing• Consumer empowerment is an important

Bioethical Issue• Rights and responsabilities – bear Ethical

implications.


Access to Information and KnowledgeAccess to Information and Knowledge

• Critical for the operational aspects of the Definitions:

• Institutional – Individual level• Community – Population level

• Critical for the operational aspects of the Definitions:

• Institutional – Individual level• Community – Population level


Essential Public Health FunctionEssential Public Health Function

• Monitor health status to identify Community Health Problems.

• Diagnosing and investigating health problems and risks in community.

• Providing information and education on health topics and empowering people.

• Modifying the Community Associations to identify and solve health problems.

• Divulging policies and plans to support individual and collective health.

• Monitor health status to identify Community Health Problems.

• Diagnosing and investigating health problems and risks in community.

• Providing information and education on health topics and empowering people.

• Modifying the Community Associations to identify and solve health problems.

• Divulging policies and plans to support individual and collective health.


• Compliance with laws and regulations that

Prptect health and assure safety.• Linking people with health services and

guaranteeing health service delivery.• Guaranteeing competent human resources for

public health and individual health care.• Evaluating the effectiveness, access to, and

quality of personal and public health services.• Research on news approaches and innovation

solutions for health problem.

• Compliance with laws and regulations that Prptect health and assure safety.

• Linking people with health services and guaranteeing health service delivery.

• Guaranteeing competent human resources for public health and individual health care.

• Evaluating the effectiveness, access to, and quality of personal and public health services.

• Research on news approaches and innovation solutions for health problem.


ResearchResearch

Core Function – Not yet achieved or understood as a

core function• Process and approach needs review• Ethical Review Boards – Role &

Responsabilities not well defined• Intelectual properties / Informed consent

Core Function – Not yet achieved or understood as a

core function• Process and approach needs review• Ethical Review Boards – Role &

Responsabilities not well defined• Intelectual properties / Informed consent


Regional ProgrammeRegional Programme

• Needs to heighten awareness of Bioethics as cross

cutting discipline for health and development.• Understanding of the relevance of Bioethics for

efficient and effective health systems.• Build capacity among the member states.• Promote organizational and institutional

processes for application of Bioethics.

• Needs to heighten awareness of Bioethics as cross

cutting discipline for health and development.• Understanding of the relevance of Bioethics for

efficient and effective health systems.• Build capacity among the member states.• Promote organizational and institutional

processes for application of Bioethics.


• Sensitize member states to bioethical implications of research at the global level.

• Be a forum to access information and knowledge – VHL, etc. – Consider various means of communications.

• Sensitize member states to bioethical implications of research at the global level.

• Be a forum to access information and knowledge – VHL, etc. – Consider various means of communications.


• Human Genetics / Genomics

• Health Care Ethics

• Research Ethics

• Biotechnology

• Human Genetics / Genomics

• Health Care Ethics

• Research Ethics

• Biotechnology


Public Health EthicsPublic Health Ethics

• Health Sector Reform• Resource Allocation• Inequities

• Health Awareness within the Organization

• Health Sector Reform• Resource Allocation• Inequities

• Health Awareness within the Organization

Organización Panamericana de la Salud.... Information Knowledge Management Evolution of Bioethics...

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