Organisms and Their Environment. Why are we studying the environment? -Understanding what affects...
-
Upload
rosemary-cummings -
Category
Documents
-
view
225 -
download
0
description
Transcript of Organisms and Their Environment. Why are we studying the environment? -Understanding what affects...
![Page 1: Organisms and Their Environment. Why are we studying the environment? -Understanding what affects the environment is important because it’s where we live!](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b327f8b9ab05999b7ae/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Organisms and Their Organisms and Their EnvironmentEnvironment
![Page 2: Organisms and Their Environment. Why are we studying the environment? -Understanding what affects the environment is important because it’s where we live!](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b327f8b9ab05999b7ae/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Why are we studying the Why are we studying the environment?environment?
-Understanding what affects the environment is important because it’s where we live!
![Page 3: Organisms and Their Environment. Why are we studying the environment? -Understanding what affects the environment is important because it’s where we live!](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b327f8b9ab05999b7ae/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
I. EcologyI. Ecology
-Ecology is the study of interactions that take place between organisms and their environment.
![Page 4: Organisms and Their Environment. Why are we studying the environment? -Understanding what affects the environment is important because it’s where we live!](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b327f8b9ab05999b7ae/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
II. Levels of Organization in II. Levels of Organization in EcologyEcology
Biosphere (biggest group) Biome Ecosystem Community
Population Organism- (smallest group)
![Page 5: Organisms and Their Environment. Why are we studying the environment? -Understanding what affects the environment is important because it’s where we live!](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b327f8b9ab05999b7ae/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
II. Levels of Organization in II. Levels of Organization in EcologyEcology
1. Biosphere-part of the Earth that supports life.
![Page 6: Organisms and Their Environment. Why are we studying the environment? -Understanding what affects the environment is important because it’s where we live!](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b327f8b9ab05999b7ae/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
II. Levels of Organization in II. Levels of Organization in EcologyEcology
2. Biomes-large group of ecosystems that share certain characteristics.
Ex: Desert, Forest
![Page 7: Organisms and Their Environment. Why are we studying the environment? -Understanding what affects the environment is important because it’s where we live!](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b327f8b9ab05999b7ae/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
II. Levels of Organization in II. Levels of Organization in EcologyEcology
3. Ecosystems-made up of interacting communities.
Ex: Horse eating grass, grass growing in ground.
![Page 8: Organisms and Their Environment. Why are we studying the environment? -Understanding what affects the environment is important because it’s where we live!](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b327f8b9ab05999b7ae/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
II. Levels of Organization in II. Levels of Organization in EcologyEcology
-Ecosystems are made up of biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) factors.
![Page 9: Organisms and Their Environment. Why are we studying the environment? -Understanding what affects the environment is important because it’s where we live!](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b327f8b9ab05999b7ae/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
II. Levels of Organization in II. Levels of Organization in EcologyEcology
Biotic factors-living thingsEx: trees, animals, bacteria
Abiotic factors-non-living thingsEx: sun, soil, air, water
Examples of ecosystems made up of biotic and abiotic factors:
![Page 10: Organisms and Their Environment. Why are we studying the environment? -Understanding what affects the environment is important because it’s where we live!](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b327f8b9ab05999b7ae/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
II. Levels of Organization in II. Levels of Organization in EcologyEcology
4. Communities-made up of interacting populations.
Ex: Deer, zebra and grass living together.
![Page 11: Organisms and Their Environment. Why are we studying the environment? -Understanding what affects the environment is important because it’s where we live!](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b327f8b9ab05999b7ae/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
II. Levels of Organization in II. Levels of Organization in EcologyEcology
5. Population-a group of organisms of one species that live in the same place at the same time.
Ex: Many deer
![Page 12: Organisms and Their Environment. Why are we studying the environment? -Understanding what affects the environment is important because it’s where we live!](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b327f8b9ab05999b7ae/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
II. Levels of Organization in II. Levels of Organization in EcologyEcology
***Organisms in a population compete with each other for food, water and mates. Competition increases when these things aren’t available.
![Page 13: Organisms and Their Environment. Why are we studying the environment? -Understanding what affects the environment is important because it’s where we live!](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b327f8b9ab05999b7ae/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
II. Levels of Organization in II. Levels of Organization in EcologyEcology
6. Organism-a living thing.Ex: One deer.
![Page 14: Organisms and Their Environment. Why are we studying the environment? -Understanding what affects the environment is important because it’s where we live!](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b327f8b9ab05999b7ae/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
III. Organisms in EcosystemsIII. Organisms in Ecosystems
-A habitat is an organism’s place of survival.
![Page 15: Organisms and Their Environment. Why are we studying the environment? -Understanding what affects the environment is important because it’s where we live!](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b327f8b9ab05999b7ae/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
III. Organisms in EcosystemsIII. Organisms in Ecosystems
-A niche is the role an organism plays in its environment (how it gets food, finds shelter, and reproduces).
-A niche includes all of an organism’s interactions with the biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) parts of its environment.
Example: A cockroach’s niche is inside a house, eating garbage.
![Page 16: Organisms and Their Environment. Why are we studying the environment? -Understanding what affects the environment is important because it’s where we live!](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b327f8b9ab05999b7ae/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
MutualismMutualismCommensalismCommensalism
ParasitismParasitism
![Page 17: Organisms and Their Environment. Why are we studying the environment? -Understanding what affects the environment is important because it’s where we live!](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b327f8b9ab05999b7ae/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
IV. Symbiosis• A close and permanent relationship
between two organisms is called symbiosis.
• Symbiosis means living together. There are three kinds of symbiosis: mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism.
![Page 18: Organisms and Their Environment. Why are we studying the environment? -Understanding what affects the environment is important because it’s where we live!](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b327f8b9ab05999b7ae/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
1. Mutualism• A symbiotic
relationship in which both species benefit is called mutualism.
This little fish is
helping me by cleaning my teeth!!!
Yeah!!!
I’m eating the big fish’s food so he’s helping me
too! Yeah!!!
![Page 19: Organisms and Their Environment. Why are we studying the environment? -Understanding what affects the environment is important because it’s where we live!](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b327f8b9ab05999b7ae/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
More Examples of MutualismMore Examples of Mutualism
The coral reef and the algae exist in a mutualistic relationship. They supply food and shelter for each
other.
![Page 20: Organisms and Their Environment. Why are we studying the environment? -Understanding what affects the environment is important because it’s where we live!](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b327f8b9ab05999b7ae/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Mutualism and Lichens!Mutualism and Lichens!
Lichens are made up of fungi and algae. The fungi attaches the
organism to the tree and protects the algae. The algae provides food
through photosynthesis.
![Page 21: Organisms and Their Environment. Why are we studying the environment? -Understanding what affects the environment is important because it’s where we live!](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b327f8b9ab05999b7ae/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Mutualism and flowers!Mutualism and flowers!
Flowers provide food for insects. Insects spread the seeds of flowers.
Both organisms benefit!
![Page 22: Organisms and Their Environment. Why are we studying the environment? -Understanding what affects the environment is important because it’s where we live!](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b327f8b9ab05999b7ae/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
2. Commensalism Commensalism is
a symbiotic relationship in which one species benefits and the other species is neither harmed nor benefited.
In this picture, Spanish moss isgrowing on the trees. The moss benefits because it has a place
to live, and the tree doesn’t care.
![Page 23: Organisms and Their Environment. Why are we studying the environment? -Understanding what affects the environment is important because it’s where we live!](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b327f8b9ab05999b7ae/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
More examples of CommensalismMore examples of Commensalism
Clownfish hide in poisonous sea anemones which protect them from
larger fish. The clownfish benefit, and nothing happens to the sea anemones.
![Page 24: Organisms and Their Environment. Why are we studying the environment? -Understanding what affects the environment is important because it’s where we live!](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b327f8b9ab05999b7ae/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Commensalism continued…Commensalism continued…This bird, called an egret rides on the back of large
mammals like elephants. The egret benefits
because it gets a place to live, and
the elephant doesn’t care
because it does not benefit or
become harmed by the
relationship.
![Page 25: Organisms and Their Environment. Why are we studying the environment? -Understanding what affects the environment is important because it’s where we live!](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b327f8b9ab05999b7ae/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
3. Parasitism
• Some interactions are harmful to one species, yet beneficial to another.A symbiotic relationship in which a member of one species benefits and the other species is harmed is called parasitism.
![Page 26: Organisms and Their Environment. Why are we studying the environment? -Understanding what affects the environment is important because it’s where we live!](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b327f8b9ab05999b7ae/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Parasitism• Parasites have evolved in such a way that
they harm, but usually do not kill the host species.
Tapeworms are parasites.They attach to your intestines and suck out all of your food. the tapeworm benefits, and
the host is harmed because they slowly starve to death.
One of the ways to get rid of a tapeworm is to starve yourself and then place a piece of meat in front of
your mouth. The tapeworm will smell the meat and climb up your throat and out of your mouth.
![Page 27: Organisms and Their Environment. Why are we studying the environment? -Understanding what affects the environment is important because it’s where we live!](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b327f8b9ab05999b7ae/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Tapeworms continued!!!Tapeworms continued!!!
![Page 28: Organisms and Their Environment. Why are we studying the environment? -Understanding what affects the environment is important because it’s where we live!](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b327f8b9ab05999b7ae/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Other parasites!Other parasites!
A lungworm benefits while it harms the host.
This is the head of a parasite.
Parasites often grab on to the
digestive tracts (intestines and
stomachs) of their hosts.
![Page 29: Organisms and Their Environment. Why are we studying the environment? -Understanding what affects the environment is important because it’s where we live!](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b327f8b9ab05999b7ae/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Guinea Worm-Another parasite!Guinea Worm-Another parasite!
![Page 30: Organisms and Their Environment. Why are we studying the environment? -Understanding what affects the environment is important because it’s where we live!](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b327f8b9ab05999b7ae/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Parasitism• A predator is a type of consumer. Predators
seek out and eat other organisms.
Predator Pre
y
![Page 31: Organisms and Their Environment. Why are we studying the environment? -Understanding what affects the environment is important because it’s where we live!](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b327f8b9ab05999b7ae/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Parasitism• Predation is found in all ecosystems
and includes organisms that eat plants and animals.
• The animals that predators eat are called prey.