Oracle RAC 12cR2nervinformatica.com.br/Downloads/Materiais/ORAC-12cR2...Oracle 11gR2: CRn => Grid...

Ricardo Portilo Prooiricardo@oervioformatcaacomabr

Esta obra está iiceociada sob a iiceoçaCreatve Commoos AtribuiçooSnemDerivados oa0 BrasiiaPara ver uma cópia desta iiceoça, visite ltp://creatvecommoosaorg/iiceoses/bySod/oa0/br/a

Oracle RAC 12cR2Em Oracie Eoterprise Lioux 7a4

Iociui CDB Arclitecture

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Comandos no Treinamento

Comando com o usuário root:# ls -lh

Comando com um usuário oracle:$ ls -lh

Adicionar texto a um arquivo:$ vi initORCL.ora...db_cache_size=500M...

Comando no Oracle:SQL> SELECT STATUS FROM V$INSTANCE;

Algo deve ser alterado de acordo com sua máquina:Hostoame: nerv01aiocaidomaio

Quando algo dá errado propositalmente:O que aconteceu?

Coloque todas as senhas (root, oracle, SYS, SYSTEM) como Nerv2018.

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rlwrap

# wget https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm# yum -y install epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm# yum -y install rlwrap

$ rlwrap sqlplus / AS SYSDBA$ rlwrap rman TARGET /$ rlwrap lsnrctl$ rlwrap dgmgrl SYS/Nerv2018@ORCL

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● Dispooibiiidade● Escaiabiiidade● Custo Totai de Propriedade (TCO)

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Por que usar o RAC?

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● Custo de Equipameotos● Custo de Liceoças● Custo de Coolecimeoto● Compiexidade● Escaiabiiidade

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Por que não usar o RAC?

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Arquitetura

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● 1 Database x N Iostaoces• + Backgrouod Processes• + daemoos• OCR• Votog Disk

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Oracle RAC x Single Instance

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Oracle 6.0.35: VAX / VMnOracle 7: PCMOracle 8i: Cacle Fusioo IOracle 9i: Cacle Fusioo II, Oracie Ciuster Maoagemeot nervicesOracle 10gR1:• Oracie Ciuster Maoagemeot nervices => Ciuster Ready nervices (CRn)• AnM S Automatc ntorage maoagemeot• FAN S Fast Appiicatoo Notfcatoo• Iotegraçoo com Database nervices• AWR, ADDM, AnH, ncleduier, Eoterprise MaoagerOracle 10gR2: CRn => Oracie Ciusterwarea New Features iociuem: ciuvfy, asmcmdaOracle 11gR1: Apeoas 7 New FeaturesaOracle 11gR2: CRn => Grid Iofrastrucutrea o2 New FeaturesaOracle 12cR1: oo New FeaturesaOracle 12cR2: o2 New Featuresa

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Evolução Oracle RAC

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● Eolaoced Oracie RAC Mooitoriog aod Diagoostcs io Eoterprise Maoager● Eolaoced Oracie Reai Appiicatoo Ciusters Coofguratoo Assistaots● OCI Ruotme Coooectoo Load Baiaociog● Paraiiei Executoo for Oracie Reai Appiicatoo Ciusters● nupport for Distributed Traosactoos io ao Oracie RAC Eoviroomeot● Eolaoced Oracie RAC nwitclover nupport for Logicai ntaodby Databases● Eolaoced Oracie RAC Mooitoriog aod Diagoostcs io Eoterprise Maoager

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RAC 11gR1 New Features

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● Coofguratoo Assistaots nupport New Oracie RAC Features● Eolaoced Ciuster Verifcatoo tiity● Iotegratoo of Ciuster Verifcatoo tiity aod Oracie oiversai Iostaiier● Ciuster Time nervice● Oracie Ciuster Registry (OCR) Eolaocemeots● Grid Piug aod Piay (GPoP)● Oracie Restart● PoiicySBased Ciuster aod Capacity Maoagemeot● Improved Ciusterware Resource Modeiiog● RoieSneparated Maoagemeot● Ageot Deveiopmeot Framework● Zero Dowotme Patcliog for Oracie Ciusterware aod Oracie RAC● Eoterprise MaoagerSBased Ciusterware Resource Maoagemeot● Eoterprise Maoager Provisiooiog for Oracie Ciusterware aod Oracie Reai Appiicatoo Ciusters● Eoterprise Maoager nupport for Grid Piug aod Piay● Eoterprise Maoager nupport for Oracie Restart● Coofguratoo Assistaot nupport for Removiog Oracie RAC Iostaiiatoos

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RAC 11gR2 New Features – Parte 1

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● Oracie oiversai Iostaiier nupport for Removiog Oracie RAC Iostaiiatoos● Improved Deiostaiiatoo nupport Witl Oracie oiversai Iostaiier● Dowogradiog Database Coofgured Witl DBCootroi● Oracie Restart Iotegratoo witl Oracie oiversai Iostaiier● OutSofSPiace Oracie Ciusterware pgrade● O I nupport for OutSofSPiace Oracie Ciusterware pgrade● nerver Cootroi (nRVCTL) Eolaocemeots● nerver Cootroi (nRVCTL) Eolaocemeots to nupport Grid Piug aod Piay● nRVCTL nupport for niogieSIostaoce Database io a Ciuster● oiversai Coooectoo Pooi ( CP) Iotegratoo witl Oracie Data Guard● CP Iotegratoo Witl Oracie Reai Appiicatoo Ciusters● oiversai Coooectoo Pooi ( CP) for JDBC● Java API for Oracie RAC FAN Higl Avaiiabiiity Eveots● EMCA nupports New Oracie RAC Coofguratoo for Eoterprise Maoager● Giobai Oracie RAC AnH Report + ADDM Backwards Compatbiiity

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RAC 11gR2 New Features – Parte 2

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RAC 12cR1 New Features – Parte 1● Oracie Fiex Ciuster● nRVCTL nupport for Oracie Fiex Ciuster Impiemeotatoos● PoiicySBased Ciuster Maoagemeot aod Admioistratoo● WlatSIf Commaod Evaiuatoo● nlared Grid Namiog nervice (GNn)● Ooiioe Resource Atribute Modifcatoo● Grid Iofrastructure ncript Automatoo for Iostaiiatoo aod pgrade● Muitpurpose Ciuster Iostaiiatoo nupport● nupport for IPv6 Based IP Addresses for Oracie RAC Ciieot Coooectvity● Message Forwardiog oo Oracie RAC● nlarded Queues for Performaoce aod ncaiabiiity● Oracie Grid Iofrastructure Roiiiog Migratoo for OoeSOf Patcles

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RAC 12cR1 New Features – Parte 2● Oracie Fiex AnM● Oracie AnM nlared Password Fiie io a Disk Group● Oracie AnM Rebaiaoce Eolaocemeots● Oracie AnM Disk Resyoc Eolaocemeots● Oracie AnM clowo, clgrp, clmod aod Opeo Fiies nupport● Oracie AnM nupport ALTER DInKGRO P REPLACE nER● Oracie AnM Fiie Access Cootroi oo Wiodows● Oracie AnM Disk ncrubbiog● Oracie Ciuster Registry Backup io AnM Disk Group nupport● Eoterprise Maoager nupport for Oracie AnM Features● Oracie ACFn nupport for Aii Oracie Database Fiies● Oracie ACFn aod Higliy Avaiiabie NFn● Oracie ACFn noapslots Eolaocemeots● Oracie ACFn Repiicatoo Iotegratoo witl Oracie ACFn necurity aod Eocryptoo● Oracie ACFn necurity aod Eocryptoo Features● Oracie ACFn Fiie Tags for Grid Homes● Oracie ACFn PiugSio APIs● Oracie ACFn Repiicatoo aod Taggiog oo AIX● Oracie ACFn Repiicatoo aod Taggiog oo noiaris● Oracie Audit Vauit nupport for Oracie ACFn necurity aod Eocryptoo● Eoterprise Maoager nupport for Oracie ACFn New Features

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RAC 12cR2 New Features – Parte 1● Oracie Fiex AnM Disk Group Quota Maoagemeot● Prioritied Rebaiaociog● Exteodiog Oracie Reai Appiicatoo Ciusters (Oracie RAC) Coofguratoo nupport● I/O nerver● Ciuster Resource Actvity Log● Ciuster Verifcatoo tiity S necood Geoeratoo Commaod Lioe Output● nwitcl nervice Eolaocemeot● VM Maoager Ageot for GI● nlared Grid Namiog nervice Higl Avaiiabiiity● Oracie Ciusterware Resource Groups● Reasooed WlatSIf Commaod Evaiuatoo (WlySIf)● nerver WeigltSBased Node Evictoo● LoadSAware Resource Piacemeot● Oracie Ciusterware Appiicatoo Ciusters● Oracie Grid Iofrastructure Iostaiiatoo nupport for Appiicatoo Ciuster Iostaiiatoo Type

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RAC 12cR2 New Features – Parte 2● Oracie Automatc ntorage Maoagemeot Ciuster Fiie nystem (Oracie ACFn) noapslot Eolaocemeots● Oracie ACFn nystem Defragger● 4K nectors aod Metadata Eolaocemeots for Oracie ACFn● Oracie ACFn Metadata Coiiectoo Eolaocemeots● Oracie ACFn PiugSios for Fiie Cooteot● Oracie ACFn Loopback Device● Oracie ACFn API Access for noapslots, Fiie Tags, PiugSio Metrics● Oracie ACFn Compressioo Eolaocemeots● Oracie noapslotSBased Repiicatoo Eolaocemeots● Oracie ACFn AutoSResiie Eolaocemeots● Oracie ACFn nparse Fiies Eolaocemeots● Oracie ACFn Metadata Acceieratoo● Oracie ACFn NAn Maximum Avaiiabiiity eXteosioos● Rapid Home Provisiooiog● nupport for IPv6 Based IP Addresses for tle Oracie Ciuster Iotercoooect● Oracie Reai Appiicatoo Ciusters (Oracie RAC) Reader Nodes● nerviceSOrieoted Bufer Cacle Access Optmiiatoo

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Flex ASM

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Flex Cluster

Lab 1.1: Instalação OEL 7

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Nas máquinas nerv01 e nerv02, atualize o sistema operacional e execute a instalação dos pré-requisitos.# yum -y update# yum -y install oracle-database-server-12cR2-preinstall.x86_64# yum -y install oracleasm-support gcc gcc-c++ make# yum -y install unzip wget iscsi-initiator-utils java-1.8.0-openjdk screen

# yum -y install https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm# yum -y update# yum -y install rlwrap

Nas máquinas nerv01 e nerv02, adicione a seguinte linha no arquivo /etc/fstab.tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults,size=3g 0 0

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Lab 2.1: Confguração OEL 7

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Nas máquinas nerv01 e nerv02, remova o DNS 8.8.8.8 da placa de rede eth0.# nmtui

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Nas máquinas nerv01 e nerv02, ACRESCENTAR AO FINAL do arquivo /etc/hosts:# Public192.168.15.101 nerv01.localdomain nerv01192.168.15.102 nerv02.localdomain nerv02# Private192.168.1.101 nerv01-priv.localdomain nerv01-priv192.168.1.102 nerv02-priv.localdomain nerv02-priv# Virtual192.168.15.111 nerv01-vip.localdomain nerv01-vip192.168.15.112 nerv02-vip.localdomain nerv02-vip

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Nas máquinas nerv01 e nerv02, executar os comandos abaixo.# groupadd oinstall# groupadd dba# groupadd oper# groupadd asmadmin# groupadd asmdba# groupadd asmoper# usermod -g oinstall -G dba,oper,asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper oracle# mkdir -p /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01# chmod -R 775 /u01

Nas máquinas nerv01 e nerv02, adicione a linha abaixo ao fnal do arquivo /etc/sysconfg/network....NOZEROCONF=YES...

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Nas máquinas nerv01 e nerv02, desabilite o frewall, o avahi e o chronyd.# systemctl disable firewalld# systemctl disable avahi-daemon# systemctl enable chronyd

Nas máquinas nerv01 e nerv02, altere as seguintes linhas no arquivo /etc/chrony.conf....# server 0.rhel.pool.ntp.org iburst# server 1.rhel.pool.ntp.org iburst# server 2.rhel.pool.ntp.org iburst# server 3.rhel.pool.ntp.org iburstserver 192.168.15.2 iburst...

Nas máquinas nerv01 e nerv02, altere o SELinux para o modo permissive.# vi /etc/selinux/config...SELINUX=permissive...

Reinicie as máquinas nerv01 e nerv02 para validar todas as confgurações.# reboot

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Nas máquinas nerv01 e nerv02 , com o usuário oracle, ACRESCENTAR NO FINAL do arquivo /home/oracle/.bash_profile as linhas abaixo.export TMP=/tmpexport TMPDIR=$TMPexport ORACLE_HOSTNAME=nerv01.localdomainexport ORACLE_UNQNAME=ORCLexport ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracleexport ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.2.0.1/db_1export GRID_HOME=/u01/app/12.2.0.1/gridexport CRS_HOME=$GRID_HOMEexport ORACLE_SID=ORCL1export ORACLE_TERM=xtermexport PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATHexport PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATHexport LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/libexport CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlibif [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then ulimit -p 16384 ulimit -n 65536 else ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536 fifi

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Opções de Shared Storage

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Lab 3.1: Confguração DiscosNas máquinas nerv01 e nerv02, atve o pacote iSCSI Initator.# systemctl enable iscsid# systemctl start iscsid

Nas máquinas nerv01 e nerv02, verifque os Discos exportados no Storage.# iscsiadm -m discovery -t sendtargets -p 192.168.15.201 -l

Nas máquinas nerv01 e nerv02 verifque se os discos foram confgurados localmente.# fdisk -l | grep sd

Na máquina nerv01, partcione os novos discos.# fdisk /dev/sdbn <enter>p <enter>1 <enter><enter><enter>w <enter>...

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Lab 3.2: Confguração DiscosNa máquina nerv01, confgure o disco com o AFD (ASM Filter Driver).$ cp linuxx64_12201_grid_home.zip /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/$ cd /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/$ unzip -q linuxx64_12201_grid_home.zip$ su# export ORACLE_HOME=$GRID_HOME# $ORACLE_HOME/bin/asmcmd afd_label CONFIG01 /dev/sdb1 --init# $ORACLE_HOME/bin/asmcmd afd_lslbl /dev/sdb1# chown oracle:asmadmin /dev/sdb1

Na máquina nerv02, confgure o disco com o AFD (ASM Filter Driver).# partprobe /dev/sdb# chown oracle:asmadmin /dev/sdb1

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Na máquina nerv01, com o usuário root, instale o Cluster Verifcaton Utlity.# yum -y install /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/cv/rpm/cvuqdisk-1.0.10-1.rpm

Copie o Cluster Verifcaton Utlity para a máquina nerv02, e instale-o com o usuário root.[root@nerv01 ~]# scp /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/cv/rpm/cvuqdisk-1.0.10-1.rpm nerv02:/root/[root@nerv02 ~]# yum -y install /root/cvuqdisk-1.0.10-1.rpm

Na máquina nerv01, com o usuário oracle, inicie a instalação do Grid Infrastructure.$ cd /home/oracle$ unzip -q p25078431_122010_Linux-x86-64.zip$ cd /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/$ ./gridSetup.sh -applyOneOffs /home/oracle/25078431/

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Lab 4.1: Instalação Grid Infrastructure

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# /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh...# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/root.sh...Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]: <ENTER>...

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Na máquina nerv01, com o usuário oracle, descompacte e execute o instalador do Oracle Database Sofware.$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/db_1[oracle@nerv02 ~]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/db_1$ cd /home/oracle$ unzip -q linuxx64_12201_database.zip$ cd /home/oracle/database$ ./runInstaller

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Lab 5.1: Instalação Oracle Database Sofware

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# /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/db_1/root.sh...Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]: <ENTER>...#

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Lab 6.1: Criação Banco de Dados

Nas máquinas nerv01 e nerv02, verifque os Discos exportados no Storage.# iscsiadm -m discovery -t sendtargets -p 192.168.15.201 -l

Nas máquinas nerv01 e nerv02 verifque se os discos foram confgurados localmente.# fdisk -l | grep sd

Na máquina nerv01, partcione os novos discos.# fdisk /dev/sdcn <enter>p <enter>1 <enter><enter><enter>w <enter>...

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Na máquina nerv01, crie os novos Discos no ASM Filter Driver.$ export ORACLE_HOME=$GRID_HOME$ export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1$ su# asmcmd afd_lslbl# asmcmd afd_label DATA01 /dev/sdc1# asmcmd afd_label FRA01 /dev/sdd1# asmcmd afd_label VD01 /dev/sde1# asmcmd afd_label VD02 /dev/sdf1# asmcmd afd_label VD03 /dev/sdg1# asmcmd afd_label OCR01 /dev/sdh1# asmcmd afd_label OCR02 /dev/sdi1# asmcmd afd_lslbl# exit

Na máquina nerv02, detecte os discos do ASM Filter Driver.$ export ORACLE_HOME=$GRID_HOME$ export ORACLE_SID=+ASM2$ su# asmcmd afd_scan# asmcmd afd_lslbl

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Na máquina nerv01, crie os novos Disk Groups.$ rlwrap sqlplus / AS SYSASMSQL> CREATE DISKGROUP DATA EXTERNAL REDUNDANCY DISK 'AFD:DATA01' ATTRIBUTE 'compatible.asm'='12.2', 'compatible.rdbms'='12.2', 'au_size'='8M';

SQL> CREATE DISKGROUP FRA EXTERNAL REDUNDANCY DISK 'AFD:FRA01' ATTRIBUTE 'compatible.asm'='12.2', 'compatible.rdbms'='12.2', 'au_size'='8M';

SQL> CREATE DISKGROUP VD NORMAL REDUNDANCY DISK 'AFD:VD01','AFD:VD02','AFD:VD03' ATTRIBUTE 'compatible.asm'='12.2', 'compatible.rdbms'='12.2', 'au_size'='1M';

SQL> CREATE DISKGROUP OCR NORMAL REDUNDANCY DISK 'AFD:OCR01','AFD:OCR02' ATTRIBUTE 'compatible.asm'='12.2', 'compatible.rdbms'='12.2', 'au_size'='1M';

SQL> SQL> SELECT GROUP_NUMBER, NAME, STRIPE, REDUNDANCY FROM V$ASM_TEMPLATE ORDER BY GROUP_NUMBER, NAME;

$ srvctl enable diskgroup -g DATA -n nerv02$ srvctl start diskgroup -g DATA -n nerv02$ srvctl enable diskgroup -g FRA -n nerv02$ srvctl start diskgroup -g FRA -n nerv02$ srvctl enable diskgroup -g VD -n nerv02$ srvctl start diskgroup -g VD -n nerv02$ srvctl enable diskgroup -g OCR -n nerv02$ srvctl start diskgroup -g OCR -n nerv02

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ASM Stripping: Fine x Coarse

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Execute o DBCA para criar o banco de dados.$ source /home/oracle/.bash_profile$ dbca

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✔ Background Process• ACMn: Atomic Cootroifie to Memory nervice• GTX0Sj: Giobai Traosactoo Process• LMON: Giobai Eoqueue nervice Mooitor• LMD: Giobai Eoqueue nervice Daemoo• LMn: Giobai Cacle nervice Process• LCK0: Iostaoce Eoqueue Process• RMno: Oracie RAC Maoagemeot Processes• RnMN: Remote niave Mooitor

✔ PFILE / SPFILE (1x) (ALTER SYSTEM … SID=’*” ou ALTER SYSTEM ... SID=’ORCL1’)✔ DATAFILEs (1x) ✔ CONTROL FILEs (1x)✔ Online REDO LOG Threads (x Nodes)✔ UNDO TABLESPACE (x Nodes)

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RAC Database

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Lab 6.21: Criação Banco de DadosNa máquina nerv01, para efetuar logon na Instance ASM1, use o SQLPlus.$ export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1$ sqlplus / as SYSDBAPor que não funcionou?

Verifque os discos existentes, e espaço disponível.SQL> SELECT NAME, TOTAL_MB, FREE_MB FROM V$ASM_DISK;SQL> SELECT NAME, TOTAL_MB, FREE_MB FROM V$ASM_DISKGROUP;$ asmcmd -pASMCMD [+] > lsdg

Pelo asmcmd, copie um DATAFILE do ASM para o /home/oracle de uma máquina do RAC.

Na instância do banco, crie uma TABLESPACE.SQL> CREATE TABLESPACE SOE;SQL> ALTER TABLESPACE SOE ADD DATAFILE;SQL> ALTER TABLESPACE SOE ADD DATAFILE ‘+DATA’;

Verifque o novo DATAFILE criado, e os já existentes.SQL> SELECT FILE_NAME, BYTES, MAXBYTES, AUTOEXTENSIBLE, INCREMENT_BY FROM DBA_DATA_FILES;

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CDB Architecture

Deprecaton of Non-CDB Architecture

Documentação 12cR1:

Documentação 12cR2:

12cR2 CDB New Features

✔ nubset ntaodby✔ Data Guard Broker PDB Migratoo or Faiiover✔ CrossSPiatorm Import of a Piuggabie Database ioto a Muitteoaot Cootaioer Database✔ I/O Rate Limits for PDBs✔ Heat Map aod Automatc Data Optmiiatoo nupport for CDBs✔ PDB Claracter net✔ PDB Refresl✔ Hiots io CONTAINERn Query✔ Paraiiei PDB Creatoo Ciause✔ PDB Arclive Fiies (apdb Fiies)✔ Defauit Tabiespace Ciause✔ Ciooiog a PDB✔ Near Zero Dowotme PDB Reiocatoo✔ Logicai ntaodby Database to nupport CDBs witl PDBs witl Difereot Claracter nets✔ LogMioer to nupport CDBs witl PDBs witl Difereot Claracter nets✔ nupport for PDBs witl Difereot Claracter nets, Time Zooe Fiie Versioos, aod Database Time Zooes io a CDB

✔ Memory Resource Maoagemeot✔ PerSProcess PGA Limits✔ Performaoce Profies aod Maodatory PDB Profies✔ CDBSLevei PDB Lockdowo

12cR2 CDB New Features

✔ Appiicatoo Root✔ Proxy PDB✔ Forwardiog Coooectoos to A New Address Based oo nervice✔ nerviceSLevei ACLs for TCP Protocoi✔ Fiaslback Piuggabie Database✔ pgradiog a CDB Witl Ooe or More PDBs io a niogie Operatoo✔ nupport for Tlousaods of Piuggabie Databases for Eacl Muitteoaot Cootaioer Database✔ Piuggabie Database Lockdowo Profies Eolaocemeots✔ Piuggabie Database Operatog nystem Credeotais✔ Oracie Eoterprise Maoager Database Express (EM Express) Resource Maoager nupport✔ EM Express: nimpiifyiog Coofguratoo for Muitteoaot Tlrougl niogie Port Access✔ EM Express: Performaoce Hub Eolaocemeots✔ Automatc Workioad Repository (AWR) nupport for a Piuggabie Database (PDB)✔ neiectve PDB pgrades✔ AWR_PDB_A TOFL nH_ENABLED Ioitaiiiatoo Parameter✔ ENABLE_A TOMATIC_MAINTENANCE_PDB Ioitaiiiatoo Parameter✔ A TOTAnK_MAX_ACTIVE_PDBn Ioitaiiiatoo Parameter✔ Giobai aod nlared Coooectoo Pooi for Oracie Cioud aod Muitteoaot Oracie Databases✔ Prioritied Rebaiaociog✔ Oracie Database Vauit Commoo Reaims aod Commaod Ruies for Oracie Muitteoaot

Opton Multtenant

Multtenant - EE

Singletenant - SE2

Esse banco utliza CDB Arquitecture?

Que Containers / PDBs este banco tem?

Em que Container estou conectado?

Como conectar em um PDB? SET CONTAINER

Como conectar em um PDB?

$ lsnrctl status...Services Summary...Service "5397376af7702ac5e0536a00a8c0505d" has 1 instance(s). Instance "ORCL", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...Service "ORCL" has 1 instance(s). Instance "ORCL", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...Service "ORCLXDB" has 1 instance(s). Instance "ORCL", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...Service "prod" has 1 instance(s). Instance "ORCL", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...The command completed successfully$

Como conectar em um PDB? tnsnames.ora

$ cat $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/tnsnames.ora...ORCL = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = nerv06.localdomain)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = ORCL) ) )

PROD = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = nerv06.localdomain)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = PROD) ) )

...$

Como conectar em um PDB? tnsnames.ora

Como conectar em um PDB? Easy Connect

E agora, qual o nome da Instância? E do Banco?

CDB e PDBs: STARTUP

Alert Log

DATAFILEs

Dicionário de Dados

Parâmetros

TABLESPACEs

SELECT em outros Containers

Criando (Clonando) um PDB

Unplug / Plug

Backup

CDB e PDBsRMAN> BACKUP DATABASE;RMAN> BACKUP DATAFILE 1;RMAN> BACKUP DATAFILE 1,3;

CDBRMAN> BACKUP DATABASE ROOT;RMAN> BACKUP TABLESPACE SYSTEM;RMAN> BACKUP TABLESPACE SYSTEM,SYSAUX;

PDBsRMAN> BACKUP PLUGGABLE DATABASE DEV1;RMAN> BACKUP PLUGGABLE DATABASE DEV1,DEV2;RMAN> BACKUP TABLESPACE DEV1:SYSTEM;

Restore / Recover

CDB e PDBsRMAN> RESTORE DATABASE;RMAN> RECOVER DATABASE;RMAN> RESTORE DATAFILE 1;RMAN> RECOVER DATAFILE 1;

CDBRMAN> RESTORE DATABASE ROOT;RMAN> RECOVER DATABASE ROOT;RMAN> RESTORE TABLESPACE SYSTEM;RMAN> RECOVER TABLESPACE SYSTEM;

PDBsRMAN> RESTORE PLUGGABLE DATABASE DEV1;RMAN> RECOVER PLUGGABLE DATABASE DEV1;RMAN> RESTORE TABLESPACE DEV1:USERS;RMAN> RECOVER TABLESPACE DEV1:USERS;

180

Administração

180

181181

Comandos depreciados no 11gR2

182182


183183


184184

Comandos depreciados no 12cR1

185185


186186


187187


188188


189

S AnMS ListeoerS VIPs e nCANS OCR: Oracie Ciuster RegistryS VD: Votog Disk (Quorum Disk)S GIMR: Grid Iofrastructure Maoagemeot Repository (SMGMTDB)S tiitários priocipais: crscti, srvctiS Daemoos: ohasd, crsd, evmd, oos, evmiogger, oioggerd, cssdmonitor, cssdagent, ocssd, octssd, osysmood, mdosd, gpopd, gipcd, orarootagent, oraagent, scriptageota

189

Componentes Grid Infrastructure

190190

Difculdades

● Comaodos depreciados● oracie X root● $GRID_HOME x $ORACLE_HOME

191191

Binários do GRID_HOME

Adiciooar $GRID_HOME/bio oo $PATH, oo abasl_profie$ crsctl status res -t

OU

$ . oraenvORACLE_SID = [ORCL1] ? +ASM1 <enter>

OU

$ cd /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/./crsctl status res -t

OU

$ /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl status res -t

192

Daemons

192

193193

Daemons

194194

Oracle RAC Startup

195195

11gR2$GRID_HOME/log/<node>/$GRID_HOME/log/<node>/alert<node>.log

12cR1 / 12cR2$ORACLE_BASE/diag/crs/<node>/crs$ORACLE_BASE/diag/crs/<node>/crs/trace/alert.log

Logs

196

Acompanhe a execução dos daemons via top.

Desligue a máquina nerv01.Veja o que acontece no Alert Log do nerv02 enquanto o nerv01 é desligado.$ tail -f /u01/app/oracle/diag/crs/nerv02/crs/trace/alert.log

Ligue a máquina nerv01.Veja o que acontece no Alert Log do nerv02 enquanto o nerv01 é ligado.$ tail -f /u01/app/oracle/diag/crs/nerv02/crs/trace/alert.log

Familiarize-se com o diretório de Logs.

Verifque o estado dos recursos.$ /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl status res -t

196

Lab 7.1: Daemons

197

Contnue acompanhando os Alert Logs das duas máquinas.

Desconecte o cabo da rede do Interconnect, apenas de um nó.O que aconteceu?

Desconecte o cabo da rede do Storage, apenas de um nó.O que aconteceu?

Verifque e altere parâmetros de tmeout para o mínimo possível, e execute novamente os testes.# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl get css reboottime# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl get css misscount# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl get css disktimeout# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl set css reboottime 1# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl set css misscount 2# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl set css disktimeout 3

Lab 7.2: Daemons

198

Copie o swingbench para a máquina nerv01, como usuário oracle.

Descompacte o swingbench.zip.$ cd /home/oracle$ unzip -q swingbench261046.zip$ cd swingbench/bin

Execute a criação do SCHEMA do teste de carga:$ ./oewizard

Execute o teste de carga:$ ./charbench -cs //rac01-scan/PROD -uc 10 -c ../configs/SOE_Server_Side_V2.xml

Lab 8.1: Teste de Carga

199

● A partr de quaiquer Node, cootroia todosa● Deve ser utiiiado com o usuário oracie ou com o owoer do GRID_HOMEa● Deve ser utiiiado o srvcti do GRID_HOMEa● Comaodo prefereociai para ioiciar e parar recursos do RACa● Admioistra Database, Iostaoces, AnM, Listeoers e nervicesa● m recurso pode ser ioiciado, parado, labiiitado, ou desabiiitadoa

199

srvctl

200

Estudaodo o leip do srvcti, execute a sequêocia de operações abaixo:$ srvctl -h$ srvctl stop -h$ srvctl stop listener -h

● Verifque as coofgurações do Listeoera● Verifque as coofgurações do nCANa● Verifque as coofgurações do Baoco de Dadosa

● Verifque o estado dos iisteoers, pare o Listeoer de apeoas um Node, e verifque oovameotea● Verifcar o estado das Iostaoces, pare a Iostaoce de apeoas um Node, e verifque oovameotea● Ioicie oovameote o Listeoer que está paradoa● Ioicie oovameote a Iostaoce que está paradaa● Pare o Database, e o ioicie oovameotea● Pare uma Iotaoce com a opçoo ABORTa● Ioicie uma Iostaoce com a opçoo MO NTa● Deixa uma iostâocia desabiiitada, coofra, e labiiite oovameotea

● Mate uma Iostaoce (kiii oo pmoo) de um dos Nodesa

200

Lab 9.1: srvctl

201

Coloque o banco em modo ARCHIVELOG e execute um backup.

$ srvctl stop database -d ORCL$ srvctl start instance -d ORCL -i ORCL1 -o mountSQL> ALTER DATABASE ARCHIVELOG;SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET db_recovery_file_dest='+FRA';SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET db_recovery_file_dest_size=10G;SQL> ALTER DATABASE OPEN;$ srvctl start instance -d ORCL -i ORCL2

RMAN> CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE to compressed BACKUPSET;CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '+FRA';RMAN> BACKUP DATABASE;

201

Lab 9.2: srvctl

202

● A partr de quaiquer Node, cootroia todosa● Aiguos comaodos podem ser executados com usuário oracie, outros com o usuário roota● Este programa só existe oo GRID_HOMEa● Priocipai comaodo de admioistraçoo do Grida● Necessário para verifcaçoo e aiteraçoo de parâmetrosa● Necessário para Troubieslootog e Debuga

202

crsctl

203

Verifque as opções do crsctl, digitando “crsctl”, sem opções.

Verifque o status dos Daemons:# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl check css# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl check evm# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl check crs# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl check ctss# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl check cluster# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl check cluster -all# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl status res -t -init# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl status res -dependency

Verifque a versão instalada e atva.# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl query crs activeversion# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl query crs softwareversion# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl query crs releasepatch# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl query crs softwarepatch

Verifque os detalhes dos recursos do Oracle RAC.# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl status res ora.orcl.db# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl status res ora.orcl.db -t# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl status res ora.orcl.db -f

Lab 10.1: crsctl

204

Liste os módulos do Cluster.# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl lsmodules crs# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl lsmodules css# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl lsmodules evm

Coloque um dos módulos informados pelo comando anterior (lsmodules), e coloque ele em modo Debug.# tail -f /u01/app/oracle/diag/crs/nerv01/crs/trace/ocssd.trc# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl set log css “CSSD:5”# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl set log css “CSSD:2”

Pare todo o Node.# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl stop cluster

Pare o outro Node.# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl stop cluster -n nerv02

Inicie todo o Cluster.# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl start cluster -all

Lab 10.2: crsctl

205

● É o ceotro do “piog” dos Nodesa● Pode ter N mirrorsa● Pode ser aiterado de quaiquer Nodea● Backups do Votog Disk soo maouaisa● Todas operações do Votog Disk devem ser executadas como roota● Deve ser feito backup após Adiçoo ou Remoçoo de Nodes (<11gR2)a● Com base oas ioformações oeie, o Ciusterware decide que Node fai parte do Ciuster (Eiectoo / Evictoo / npiit Braio)a

205

Votng Disk

206

Verifque o status do VOTING DISK.# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl query css votedisk

Adicione um MIRROR ao VOTING DISK.# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl add css votedisk +FRA# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl query css votediskO que aconteceu?

# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl replace votedisk +FRA# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl query css votediskO que aconteceu?

# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl replace votedisk +OCR# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl query css votediskO que aconteceu?

Altere a localização do VOTING DISK.# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl replace votedisk +VD# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl query css votedisk

Lab 11.1: Votng Disk

207

Na máquina nerv09, simule uma falha nos discos dos VOTING DISKs.# dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda? bs=512 count=1000000# dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda? bs=512 count=1000000# dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda? bs=512 count=1000000O que aconteceu?

Nas máquinas nerv01 e nerv02, verifque o estado do Cluster.# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl status res -t# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl check cluster -all# tail -f /u01/app/oracle/diag/crs/nerv01/crs/trace/alert.log

Nas máquinas nerv01 e nerv02, desabilite o início automátco do CRS, e reinicie.# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl disable crs# reboot

Na máquina nerv01, inicie o CRS em modo exclusivo, e altere o VOTING DISK.# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl start crs -excl -nocrs# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl replace votedisk +CONFIG

Nas máquinas nerv01 e nerv02, habilite o início automátco do CRS, e reinicie.# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl enable crs# reboot


208

Na máquina nerv01, partcione novamente os discos dos VOTING DISKs.# fdisk -l | grep sd# fdisk /dev/sd?n <enter>p <enter>1 <enter><enter><enter>w <enter>...

Na máquina nerv01, crie novamente os discos dos VOTING DISKs.$ export ORACLE_HOME=$GRID_HOME$ export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1$ su# asmcmd afd_label VD01 /dev/sd?1# asmcmd afd_label VD02 /dev/sd?1# asmcmd afd_label VD03 /dev/sd?1# exit


209

Na máquina nerv02, detecte novamente os discos dos VOTING DISKs.$ export ORACLE_HOME=$GRID_HOME$ export ORACLE_SID=+ASM2$ su# asmcmd afd_scan# asmcmd afd_lslbl

Na máquina nerv01, crie novamente os discos dos DISK GROUPs.SQL> CREATE DISKGROUP VD NORMAL REDUNDANCY DISK 'AFD:VD01','AFD:VD02','AFD:VD03' ATTRIBUTE 'compatible.asm'='12.2', 'compatible.rdbms'='12.2', 'au_size'='1M';

$ srvctl start diskgroup -g VD -n nerv02

Na máquina nerv01, altere a localização do VOTING DISK.# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl query css votedisk# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl replace votedisk +VD# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl query css votedisk

209


210

● É o ceotro das ioformações do RACa● Deve estar em ntorage compartilado por todos Nodesa● Pode ter até 4 mirrorsa● Ferrameotas do OCR: ocrcoofg, ocrcleck, ocrdumpa● Ferrameotas do OCR devem ser utiiiadas como roota● Pode ser aiterado de quaiquer Nodea● Backups do OCR soo executados automatcameotea● Backups armaieoados: 1 semaoai, 1 diário, e 1 a cada 4 lorasa● Podem ser executados backups fsicos e iógicosa

210

OCR – Oracle Cluster Registry

211

Execute o ocrdump, e analise o conteúdo do dump (OCRDUMPFILE).# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/ocrdump# file OCRDUMPFILE# grep orcl OCRDUMPFILE# grep 192.168 OCRDUMPFILE

Execute o ocrcheck, e verifque o resultado.# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/ocrcheck# ls -lh /u01/app/oracle/diag/crs/nerv01/crs/trace/ocrcheck*

Verifque o OCR pelo Cluster Verifcaton Utlity.# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/cluvfy comp ocr -n nerv01,nerv02O que aconteceu?

Lab 12.1: OCR

212

Na máquina nerv01, altere a localização dos OCRs.# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/ocrconfig -add +CONFIG# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/ocrcheck# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/ocrconfig -add +DATA# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/ocrcheck# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/ocrconfig -add +FRA# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/ocrcheck# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/ocrconfig -delete +DATA# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/ocrcheck# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/ocrconfig -delete +FRA# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/ocrcheck# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/ocrconfig -delete +CONFIGO que aconteceu?

# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/ocrconfig -add +OCR# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/ocrcheck# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/ocrconfig -delete +CONFIG# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/ocrcheck

Lab 12.2: OCR

213

Na máquina nerv01, verifque os backups fsicos existentes do OCR.# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/ocrconfig -showbackup# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/ocrconfig -manualbackup# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/ocrconfig -showbackup

Na máquina nerv01, altere a localização dos backups fsicos do OCR.# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/ocrconfig -backuploc +FRA# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/ocrconfig -manualbackup# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/ocrconfig -showbackup

Na máquina nerv01, faça um backup lógico do OCR.# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/ocrconfig -export /home/oracle/OCR.bkp# file /home/oracle/OCR.bkp

213

Lab 12.3: OCR

214

Na máquina nerv09, simule uma falha nos discos do OCR.# dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda? bs=512 count=1000000# dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda? bs=512 count=1000000# dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda? bs=512 count=1000000O que aconteceu?

Nas máquinas nerv01 e nerv02, verifque o estado do Cluster.# tail -f /u01/app/oracle/diag/crs/nerv01/crs/trace/alert.log# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl check cluster -all# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl status res -t# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/ocrcheck# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/ocrconfig -manualbackup

Nas máquinas nerv01 e nerv02, desabilite o início automátco do CRS, e reinicie.# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl disable crs# reboot

Na máquina nerv01, inicie o CRS em modo exclusivo.# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl start crs -excl -nocrs

Lab 12.4: OCR

215

Na máquina nerv01, partcione novamente os discos dos VOTING DISKs.# fdisk -l | grep sd# fdisk /dev/sd?n <enter>p <enter>1 <enter><enter><enter>w <enter>...

Na máquina nerv01, crie novamente os discos dos VOTING DISKs.$ export ORACLE_HOME=$GRID_HOME$ export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1$ su# asmcmd afd_label OCR01 /dev/sd?1# asmcmd afd_label OCR02 /dev/sd?1# exit

Lab 12.5: OCR

216

Na máquina nerv02, detecte novamente os discos dos VOTING DISKs.$ export ORACLE_HOME=$GRID_HOME$ export ORACLE_SID=+ASM2$ su# asmcmd afd_scan# asmcmd afd_lslbl

Na máquina nerv01, crie novamente os discos dos DISK GROUPs.SQL> CREATE DISKGROUP OCR NORMAL REDUNDANCY DISK 'AFD:OCR01','AFD:OCR02' ATTRIBUTE 'compatible.asm'='12.2', 'compatible.rdbms'='12.2', 'au_size'='1M';

Na máquina nerv01, restaure o OCR.# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/ocrconfig -restore ...

Nas máquinas nerv01 e nerv02, habilite o CRS e reinicie.# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl enable crs# reboot

216

Lab 12.6: OCR

217

● A partr de quaiquer Node, cootroia todosa● Deve ser utiiiado com o usuário roota● Ferrameota para aiteraçoo dos IPs Púbiico e Iotercoooecta

217

oifcfg

218

Execute um backup do OCR (manualbackup).

Verifque as Interfaces atuais, nos dois Nodes. Guarde o resultado.# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/oifcfg getif# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/oifcfg setif -global enp2s0/192.168.3.0:cluster_interconnect,asm# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/oifcfg getif$ export ORACLE_HOME=$GRID_HOME$ export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1$ srvctl config listener -asmlistener$ srvctl config asm$ srvctl add listener -asmlistener -l ASMNEWLSNR_ASM -subnet 192.168.3.0$ srvctl update listener -listener ASMNET1LSNR_ASM -asm -remove -force$ lsnrctl stop ASMNET1LSNR_ASM$ srvctl config listener -asmlistener$ srvctl config asm

Pare o Cluster nos dois Nodes.# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl stop cluster -all

Nas máquinas nerv01 e nerv02, alterar o IP do Interconnect, desatvar e atvar a placa de rede.Nas máquinas nerv01 e nerv02, alterar /etc/hosts para os novos IPs.

Lab 13.1: oifcfg

219

Inicie o Cluster nos dois Nodes.# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl start cluster -all

Em apenas um Node, remova a antga Interface, após o CRS iniciar.# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/oifcfg getif# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/oifcfg delif -global enp2s0/192.168.1.0# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/oifcfg getif

Execute um backup do OCR (manualbackup).

Lab 13.2: oifcfg

220

● Permite apiicaçoo de Patcles com baixa iodispooibiiidadea● ApiicaSse o Patcl em um Node, depois em outro Nodea● O Patcl precisa suportar o Roiiiog pgradea● Noo pode ser utiiiado com HOMEs compartiladosa● Noo pode ser utiiiado para Patclsetsa● nempre ieia o README aotesa

220

Rolling Patch

221

Nas máquinas nerv01 e nerv02, atualize o Opatch.# rm -rf /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/OPatch/# mkdir /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/OPatch/# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/OPatch/

# rm -rf /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/db_1/OPatch/# mkdir /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/db_1/OPatch/# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/db_1/OPatch/

$ unzip -q p6880880_122010_Linux-x86-64.zip$ cp -rf OPatch/* /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/OPatch/$ cp -rf OPatch/* /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/db_1/OPatch/

221

Lab 14.1: Rolling Patch

222

Na máquina nerv01, aplique o Patch 27100009.$ unzip -q p27100009_122010_Linux-x86-64.zip$ . oraenvORACLE_SID = [ORCL1] ? +ASM1$ su# export PATH=$PATH:$GRID_HOME/OPatch# $GRID_HOME/OPatch/opatchauto apply /home/oracle/27100009/

Na máquina nerv02, aplique o Patch 27100009.$ unzip -q p27100009_122010_Linux-x86-64.zip$ . oraenvORACLE_SID = [ORCL2] ? +ASM2$ su# export PATH=$PATH:$GRID_HOME/OPatch# $GRID_HOME/OPatch/opatchauto apply /home/oracle/27100009/

Na máquinas nerv01, execute os procedimentos de Pós Instalação.$ $ORACLE_HOME/Opatch/opatch lsinventory$ $GRID_HOME/Opatch/opatch lsinventory# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl query crs activeversion# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl query crs softwareversion# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl query crs releasepatch# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl query crs softwarepatch

222

Lab 14.2: Rolling Patch

223223

● Coocorrêocia● nequeoces / nequeoces Artfciais● Data Dictooary● Reverse Key Iodexes● Job x ncleduier● V$ x GV$● TL_FILE / Directories / Exteroai Tabies / Data Pump● Parttooameoto iógico da apiicaçoo

Desempenho e Funcionalidade: Single Instance x RAC

224

Analise e execute o script create_sequence.sql na máquina nerv01.

Analise e execute o script insert_sequence_lenta.sql na máquina nerv01.

Analise e execute o script insert_sequence_rapida.sql na máquina nerv01.

Repita os scripts de insert algumas vezes e veja se o resultado contnua similar.

Repita os scripts de insert algumas vezes e veja se o resultado contnua similar, mas desta vez nas duas máquinas ao mesmo tempo.Qual a diferença de tempo?Quais os Wait Events que ocorreram?

224

Lab 15.1: Escalabilidade

225

ORCL = (DESCRIPTION= (LOAD_BALANCE=ON) →→→ Escolha Aleatória (FAILOVER=ON) →→→ Tenta acessar o 1o, depois o 2o (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=nerv01-vip)(PORT=1521)) →→→ VIP (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=nerv02-vip)(PORT=1521)) →→→ VIP (CONNECT_DATA= (SERVICE_NAME=ORCL) (FAILOVER_MODE= (TYPE=SELECT) →→→ SESSION ou SELECT (METHOD=BASIC) →→→ BASIC ou PRECONNECT (RETRIES=10) →→→ 10 tentativas de conexão (DELAY=1) →→→ 1 segundo para cada tentativa ) ) )

225

Load Balance Client (<= 11gR1)

226226

Load Balance Server (>= 11gR2)

227

Client tnsnames.ora:ORCL =(DESCRIPTION =(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = rac01-scan)(PORT = 1521))(CONNECT_DATA =(SERVER = DEDICATED)(SERVICE_NAME = ORCL)))

Parâmetro LOCAL_LISTENER dos Nodes:(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.15.112)(PORT=1521))

Parâmetro REMOTE_LISTENER dos Nodes:rac01-scan.localdomain:1521

227

Load Balance Server

228

Services GoalGOAL_NONEGOAL_nERVICE_TIME →→→ Bom para OLTPGOAL_THRO GHP T →→→ Bom para Batch / OLAP / DBA

Services Connecton Load Balance GoalCLB_GOAL_nHORT →→→ Bom para OLTPCLB_GOAL_LONG →→→ Bom para Batch / OLAP / DBA ou OLTP Persistente

228

Load Balance Server

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BEGIN DBMS_SCHEDULER.CREATE_JOB_CLASS ( JOB_CLASS_NAME => 'DBA_JOB_CLASS', SERVICE => 'DBA_SERVICE');END;/

BEGIN DBMS_SCHEDULER.CREATE_JOB ( JOB_NAME => 'SYS.DBA_JOB_TEST', JOB_TYPE => 'PLSQL_BLOCK', JOB_ACTION => 'BEGIN EXEC DBMS_STATS.GATHER_DATABASE_STATS; END;', START_DATE => SYSTIMESTAMP, REPEAT_INTERVAL => 'FREQ=DAILY;', JOB_CLASS => 'SYS.DBA_JOB_CLASS', END_DATE => NULL, ENABLED => TRUE, COMMENTS => 'JOB LINKED TO THE DBA_JOB_CLASS.');

END;/

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Load Balance Server - SCHEDULER

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srvctl add servicesrvctl remove servicesrvctl modify servicesrvctl relocate servicesrvctl status servicesrvctl start servicesrvctl stop servicesrvctl enable servicesrvctl disable service

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Load Balance Server

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Crie os SERVICES como abaixo.$ srvctl add service -db ORCL -pdb PROD -service OLTP -preferred ORCL1,ORCL2 -policy AUTOMATIC -failovertype SELECT -failovermethod BASIC -failoverdelay 1 -failoverretry 10 -clbgoal SHORT -rlbgoal SERVICE_TIME -notification TRUE

$ srvctl add service -db ORCL -pdb PROD -service BI -preferred ORCL1 -available ORCL2 -tafpolicy PRECONNECT -policy AUTOMATIC -failovertype SELECT -failovermethod BASIC -failoverdelay 1 -failoverretry 10 -clbgoal SHORT -rlbgoal SERVICE_TIME -notification TRUE

$ srvctl add service -db ORCL -pdb PROD -service DBA -preferred ORCL2 -available ORCL1 -tafpolicy PRECONNECT -policy AUTOMATIC -failovertype SELECT -failovermethod BASIC -failoverdelay 1 -failoverretry 10 -clbgoal SHORT -rlbgoal SERVICE_TIME -notification TRUE

Como ver os Services de um banco?Como ver detalhes de um Service já confgurado?

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Lab 16.1: Load Balance Server

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Altere o tnsnames.ora para utlizar os novos Services de outro RAC, e crie um usuário para testar o Failover.$ rlwrap sqlplus / AS SYSDBASQL> ALTER SESSION SET CONTAINER = PROD;SQL> CREATE USER RICARDO IDENTIFIED BY Nerv2018;SQL> ALTER USER RICARDO QUOTA UNLIMITED ON USERS;SQL> GRANT CREATE SESSION, CONNECT, RESOURCE, SELECT ANY DICTIONARY TO RICARDO;SQL> CONN RICARDO/Nerv2018@OLTPSQL> CREATE TABLE T AS SELECT * FROM ALL_OBJECTS;SQL> INSERT INTO T SELECT * FROM T;SQL> INSERT INTO T SELECT * FROM T;SQL> INSERT INTO T SELECT * FROM T;SQL> INSERT INTO T SELECT * FROM T;SQL> INSERT INTO T SELECT * FROM T;SQL> COMMIT;

Teste o Failover com SELECT e com DML.SQL> CONN RICARDO/Nerv2018@OLTPSQL> SELECT * FROM T;SQL> DELETE FROM T WHERE ROWNUM = 1;Qual a diferença de FAILOVER entre SELECT e DELETE?

Qual a diferença de FAILOVER dos Services criados e do Service ORCL?232

Lab 16.1: Load Balance Server

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Sequência para adicionar Node:● Iostaiar Hardware;● Iostaiar e coofgurar nistema Operaciooai;● Coofgurar acesso ao ntorage;● Coofgurar ssl sem seola com os Nodes já existeotes;● Iostaiar Grid Iofraestruture a partr de um Node existeote;● Iostaiar Oracie a partr de um Node existeote;● Adiciooar Iostaocesa

Sequência para remover Node:● Remover Iostaoce;● Remover Oracie;● Remover Grid Iofraestruturea

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Adicionar e Remover Nodes

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Manter apenas 1 RAC atvo na sala.No restante das máquinas, refazer os Labs 1, 3, e 4.

Para todas as máquinas, confgurar SSH sem senha para o usuário oracle.$ cd /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/oui/prov/resources/scripts/$ ./sshUserSetup.sh -user oracle -hosts "nerv01 nerv02 nerv03" -advanced -exverify -confirm -noPromptPassphrase

Instalar Grid Infraestruture nas outras máquinas, a partr de um Node existente:$ cd $GRID_HOME/addnode$ ./addnode.sh -silent “CLUSTER_NEW_NODES={nerv03}” “CLUSTER_NEW_VIRTUAL_HOSTNAMES={nerv03-vip}” CLUSTER_NEW_NODE_ROLES={HUB}

Nas outras máquinas, com o usuário root, execute os seguintes scripts.# /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/root.sh

Lab 17.1: Adicionar Nodes

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Instalar Oracle Database nas outras máquinas, a partr de um Node existente:$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/addnode$ ./addnode.sh -silent "CLUSTER_NEW_NODES={nerv03}"

Nas outras máquinas, com o usuário root, execute o script abaixo.# /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/db_1/root.sh

Na máquina nerv01, execute a adição da instância.$ $GRID_HOME/bin/srvctl add instance -d ORCL -i ORCL3 -n nerv03

Na máquina nerv01, conclua a adição do nó.SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET INSTANCE_NUMBER=3 SID='ORCL3' SCOPE=SPFILE;SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET thread=3 SID='ORCL3' SCOPE=SPFILE;SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 3;SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 3;SQL> ALTER DATABASE ENABLE PUBLIC THREAD 3;SQL> CREATE UNDO TABLESPACE UNDOTBS3;SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET UNDO_TABLESPACE=UNDOTBS3 SID='ORCL3' SCOPE=SPFILE;

$ $GRID_HOME/bin/srvctl start instance -d ORCL -i ORCL3

Lab 17.2: Adicionar Nodes

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Flex ASM

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Na máquina nerv01, verifque a confguração atual do Cluster.$ export ORACLE_HOME=$GRID_HOME$ export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1$ $GRID_HOME/bin/asmcmd showclustermode$ $GRID_HOME/bin/srvctl config asm$ $GRID_HOME/bin/srvctl status asm$ $GRID_HOME/bin/srvctl modify asm -count 2$ $GRID_HOME/bin/srvctl status asm

Simule um erro (kill -9 no pmon) em uma instância ASM, e acompanhe o Alert Log do banco de dados.

Lab 18.1: Flex ASM

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Flex Cluster

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Na máquina nerv01, verifque a confguração atual do Cluster.# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl get cluster mode status# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/srvctl config gns

Na máquina nerv01, altere a confguração do Cluster.# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/srvctl add gns -vip 192.168.15.191# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/srvctl start gns

Na máquina nerv01, altere a confguração do Cluster.# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl get node role config -all# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl set node role leaf -node nerv07# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl set node role leaf -node nerv08# /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid/bin/crsctl get node role config -all

Lab 19.1: Flex Cluster

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S RAC de dois oós possui diversas iimitaçõesa S O ORAC é MA das soiuções de Aita Dispooibiiidade da Oraciea S Eiimioe os POF: NICs, nwitcl, ntorage, etca S O nwitcl do Iotercoooect deve ser fsico e exciusivoa S Compartile com o ciieote sobre o fuociooameoto do Faiiover e Load Baiaocea S Verifque o documeoto Oracie RAC Best Practces do MOna S Veja se o Fabricaote de seu nervidor / ntorage possui documeotaçoo sobre Oracie RACa S tiiie AnMa É a direçoo da Oraciea S tiiie GNna É a direçoo da Oraciea S tiiie /etc/losts, aiém do DNna S No AnM, utiiie DGs separados para DATA, FRA, OCR e VDa S Ceotraiiie os backups do OCR, em outro iocaia S tiiie DATA e FRA com reduodâocia oo ntorage ou AnMa S tiiie OCR e VD com reduodâocia oo ntorage e AnMa S se HOMEs iocais, para GRID_HOME e ORACLE_HOMEa S Logs (todos) devem ser ceotraiiiadosa De oada vaie um iog que ooo existea S Observe também os Logs do nistema Operaciooaia S tiiie Jumbo Frames oo Iotercoooecta S tiiie Huge Pages, e ooo utiiie AMMa S O RAC toroa apiicações boas em ótmas, e ruios em péssimasa S Esqueça nIDsa Apreoda nervicesa S Partciooe sua apiicaçoo em nervicesa nem nervices, o RAC ooo é oadaa

Melhores Prátcas

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Lab Auxiliar 1: Confguração DNSNa máquina nerv09, instale os pacotes necessários para o DNS.# yum -y install bind bind-utils

Na máquina nerv09, deixe APENAS as seguintes linhas no arquivo /etc/named.conf.options { listen-on port 53 { 127.0.0.1; 192.168.15.201; }; directory "/var/named"; dump-file "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db"; statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt"; // query-source address * port 53;};

zone "." in {type hint;file "/dev/null";};

zone "localdomain." IN { type master; file "localdomain.zone"; allow-update { none; };};

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Lab Auxiliar 1: Confguração DNS

Nas máquinas nerv09, deixe APENAS as seguintes linhas no arquivo /var/named/localdomain.zone.

$TTL 86400@ IN SOA localhost root.localhost ( 42 ; serial (d. adams) 3H ; refresh 15M ; retry 1W ; expiry 1D ) ; minimum IN NS localhostlocalhost IN A 127.0.0.1nerv01 IN A 192.168.15.101nerv02 IN A 192.168.15.102nerv01-vip IN A 192.168.15.111nerv02-vip IN A 192.168.15.112rac01-scan IN A 192.168.15.151rac01-scan IN A 192.168.15.152rac01-scan IN A 192.168.15.153

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Na máquina nerv09, deixe APENAS as seguintes linhas no arquivo /var/named/0.168.192.in-addr.arpa.

$ORIGIN 0.168.192.in-addr.arpa.$TTL 1H@ IN SOA nerv09.localdomain. root.nerv09.localdomain. (

2 3H 1H 1W 1H )0.168.192.in-addr.arpa. IN NS nerv09.localdomain.

101 IN PTR nerv01.localdomain.102 IN PTR nerv02.localdomain.111 IN PTR nerv01-vip.localdomain.112 IN PTR nerv02-vip.localdomain.151 IN PTR rac01-scan.localdomain.152 IN PTR rac01-scan.localdomain.153 IN PTR rac01-scan.localdomain.

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Na máquina nerv09, inicie o DNS Server, e o habilite para o início automátco.# service named start# chkconfig named on

Na máquina nerv09, pare o frewall, e o desabilite para o início automátco.# service iptables stop# service ip6tables stop# chkconfig iptables off# chkconfig ip6tables off

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Lab Auxiliar 2: Confguração StorageNa máquinas nerv09, crie 1 partção de 50GB (CONFIG), e 1 de 20GB (DATA), 1 de 10GB (FRA), 3 de 1GB (VD), e 2 de 2GB (OCR).

Na máquina nerv09, confgure o iSCSI server.# yum -y install scsi-target-utils# cat /etc/tgt/targets.conf<target iqn.2010-10.com.nervinformatica:storage.asm01-01> backing-store /dev/sda5 initiator-address 192.168.15.101 initiator-address 192.168.15.102</target><target iqn.2010-10.com.nervinformatica:storage.asm01-02> backing-store /dev/sda6 initiator-address 192.168.15.101 initiator-address 192.168.15.102</target>...

# service tgtd start# chkconfig tgtd on

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Perguotas?

Ricardo Portilo Prooiricardo@oervioformatcaacomabr

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