Ontology and spatial planning
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Ontology and spa-al planning.
Beniamino Murgante, Francesco Scorza
Università della Basilicata – Laoratorio di Ingegneria dei Sistemi Urbani e Territoriali (LISUT) University of Basilicata – Laboratory of Urban and Regional Systems Engineering (LISUT),
Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100, Potenza – Italy [email protected]
LISUT
Laboratorio di Ingegneria dei Sistemi Urbani e Territoriali
Laboratory of Urban and Regional Systems Engineering
University of Basilicata
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture, Planning and Transport Infrastructure
ICCSA 2011 – University of Cantabria, Santander, SPAIN Ing. Francesco Scorza
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Index:
• Lack of data vs interoperability • SemanRc barriers and ontology • Broad ontology • Conclusions
LISUT
Laboratorio di Ingegneria dei Sistemi Urbani e Territoriali
Laboratory of Urban and Regional Systems Engineering
University of Basilicata
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture, Planning and Transport Infrastructure
![Page 3: Ontology and spatial planning](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052820/548dc865b479597a588b47e3/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Lack of data vs interoperability
“Isolated” data set
Recent trends: • Wiki approach in data production • Volunteered geographic information • Crowdsourcing • Neogeography (geotg, blogs, etc.) • …
LISUT
Laboratorio di Ingegneria dei Sistemi Urbani e Territoriali
Laboratory of Urban and Regional Systems Engineering
University of Basilicata
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture, Planning and Transport Infrastructure
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Lack of data vs interoperability
Three main barriers:
• Bureaucratic: poor practice in sharing data • Technological: differences between systems
and data formats • Semantic: lack of correspondance in
meanings.
LISUT
Laboratorio di Ingegneria dei Sistemi Urbani e Territoriali
Laboratory of Urban and Regional Systems Engineering
University of Basilicata
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture, Planning and Transport Infrastructure
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SemanRc barriers
LISUT
Laboratorio di Ingegneria dei Sistemi Urbani e Territoriali
Laboratory of Urban and Regional Systems Engineering
University of Basilicata
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture, Planning and Transport Infrastructure
… the main issue in usign GIS is “where is located an object” without thinking in deep about “what you are looking for” …..
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SemanRc barriers
LISUT
Laboratorio di Ingegneria dei Sistemi Urbani e Territoriali
Laboratory of Urban and Regional Systems Engineering
University of Basilicata
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture, Planning and Transport Infrastructure
… the main issue in usign GIS is “where is located an object” without thinking in deep about “what you are looking for” …..
Obj.
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Ontology
A tool for achieving database integration and interoperability
LISUT
Laboratorio di Ingegneria dei Sistemi Urbani e Territoriali
Laboratory of Urban and Regional Systems Engineering
University of Basilicata
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture, Planning and Transport Infrastructure
Planning issues: • Complexity • Detailed analysis • Domains specialists • Perceived visions • Conflicting interests • Uncertainty • …
SemanRc agreement
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Broad ontology
LISUT
Laboratorio di Ingegneria dei Sistemi Urbani e Territoriali
Laboratory of Urban and Regional Systems Engineering
University of Basilicata
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture, Planning and Transport Infrastructure
DefiniRon of …
DefiniRon of …
DefiniRon of …
DefiniRon of … Obj.
Ontology
DefiniRon of …
AYributes …
RelaRons …
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Broad ontology
LISUT
Laboratorio di Ingegneria dei Sistemi Urbani e Territoriali
Laboratory of Urban and Regional Systems Engineering
University of Basilicata
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture, Planning and Transport Infrastructure
![Page 10: Ontology and spatial planning](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052820/548dc865b479597a588b47e3/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Broad ontology
LISUT
Laboratorio di Ingegneria dei Sistemi Urbani e Territoriali
Laboratory of Urban and Regional Systems Engineering
University of Basilicata
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture, Planning and Transport Infrastructure
a)
c)
b)
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Broad ontology
LISUT
Laboratorio di Ingegneria dei Sistemi Urbani e Territoriali
Laboratory of Urban and Regional Systems Engineering
University of Basilicata
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture, Planning and Transport Infrastructure
!9-intersection model
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Broad ontology
LISUT
Laboratorio di Ingegneria dei Sistemi Urbani e Territoriali
Laboratory of Urban and Regional Systems Engineering
University of Basilicata
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture, Planning and Transport Infrastructure
Broad boundaries model !
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Information System A) (U, IS =
Rough set
! a"A # Va= value set (domain of attribute)
Let U be a nonempty finite set of objects called the universe
Let A be a nonempty finite set of attributes
{ }nxxxxxxx ,...,......... , , , ,,U 654321=
{ }3 2 1 ,, A AAA=
{ }{ }{ }4 ,3,2, 1V
2, 1V3,2, 1V
3
2
1
=
=
=
Revue des Nouve l l es Techno log ies de l'Information, Éditions Cépaduès, France
LISUT
Laboratorio di Ingegneria dei Sistemi Urbani e Territoriali
Laboratory of Urban and Regional Systems Engineering
University of Basilicata
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture, Planning and Transport Infrastructure
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Information System
U a1 a2 a3
x1 2 1 3
X2 3 2 1
X3 2 1 3
X4 2 2 3
X5 1 1 4
X6 1 1 2
X7 3 2 1
X8 1 1 4
X9 2 1 3
x10 3 2 1
function ninformatio V U:f aa →
Murgante B., Las Casas G., Sansone A., (2008) “ A spatial rough set for extracting periurban fringe”
Revue des Nouve l l es Techno log ies de l'Information, Éditions Cépaduès, France
Rough set
LISUT
Laboratorio di Ingegneria dei Sistemi Urbani e Territoriali
Laboratory of Urban and Regional Systems Engineering
University of Basilicata
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture, Planning and Transport Infrastructure
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U a1 a2 a3 d1
x1 2 1 3 1 X2 3 2 1 4
X3 2 1 3 5
X4 2 2 3 2
X5 1 1 4 2
X6 1 1 2 4
X7 3 2 1 1
X8 1 1 4 2
X9 2 1 3 3
x10 3 2 1 2
Decision System A decision system is an
information system in which the values of a special decision attribute classify the cases
other attributes a ! A- d{ } Conditional Attributes
Ad )A (U, DS ≠∪= d
Revue des Nouve l l es Techno log ies de l'Information, Éditions Cépaduès, France
Rough set
LISUT
Laboratorio di Ingegneria dei Sistemi Urbani e Territoriali
Laboratory of Urban and Regional Systems Engineering
University of Basilicata
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture, Planning and Transport Infrastructure
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[ ]{ } )( XxUxLX Bindii ⊂∈=
LXUXBX −=
[ ]{ } )( ∅≠∩∈= XxUxUX Bindii
Equivalence classes
Lower Approximation
Boundary region
Upper Approximation
)(/)()( UXcardLXcardXB =µ
If BX = ∅ then the set X is Crisp If BX ≠ ∅ then the set X is Rough
Accuracy
Murgante B., Las Casas G., Sansone A., (2008) “ A spatial rough set for extracting periurban fringe”
Rough set
LISUT
Laboratorio di Ingegneria dei Sistemi Urbani e Territoriali
Laboratory of Urban and Regional Systems Engineering
University of Basilicata
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture, Planning and Transport Infrastructure
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ReDO
LISUT
Laboratorio di Ingegneria dei Sistemi Urbani e Territoriali
Laboratory of Urban and Regional Systems Engineering
University of Basilicata
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture, Planning and Transport Infrastructure
!"#$$%$&'"(!)*''"$#!*'+&+',%!*&"#-&+'.+#/%-0(+'-/%-*
!" !"##$%&'(!# )*+,-'&.,!$ /-'&"%!% !"##&'#,%'!& 0,1%!' 2"13!( 4'51',6(!) 7$*3&-!* !"8'!"+ 918:
4;0/<9=!>?;@
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ReDO
LISUT
Laboratorio di Ingegneria dei Sistemi Urbani e Territoriali
Laboratory of Urban and Regional Systems Engineering
University of Basilicata
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture, Planning and Transport Infrastructure
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ReDO
LISUT
Laboratorio di Ingegneria dei Sistemi Urbani e Territoriali
Laboratory of Urban and Regional Systems Engineering
University of Basilicata
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture, Planning and Transport Infrastructure
!"#$$%$ !" !# !$ !% !& !' !( !) !* !"+&'"(!) ! " # ! " !*''"$ ! "#!*'+ !&+',%!* ! !&"#- ! ! "&+'.+#/ # " ! " !%-0(+'-/%-* # " # !
1%)23'+4$2!+(*%+(#
!" !"##$%&'(!# )*+,-'&.,!$ /-'&"%!% !"##&'#,%'!& 0,1%!' 2"13!( 4'51',6(!) 7$*3&-!* !"8'!"+ 918:
4;0/<9=!>?;@
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ReDO
LISUT
Laboratorio di Ingegneria dei Sistemi Urbani e Territoriali
Laboratory of Urban and Regional Systems Engineering
University of Basilicata
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture, Planning and Transport Infrastructure
ROSE 2
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ReDO
LISUT
Laboratorio di Ingegneria dei Sistemi Urbani e Territoriali
Laboratory of Urban and Regional Systems Engineering
University of Basilicata
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture, Planning and Transport Infrastructure
# LEM2 # C:\Documents and Settings\LT\Desktop\ReDO.ISF # objects = 7 # attributes = 11 # decision = a6 # classes = {1, 3} # 0 s rule 1. (a2 = 0) & (a5 = 0) => (a6 = 0); [2, 2, 66.67%, 100.00%][2, 0] [{3, 4}, {}] rule 2. (a1 = 3) => (a6 = 0); [1, 1, 33.33%, 100.00%][1, 0] [{7}, {}] rule 3. (a1 = 0) & (a8 = 0) & (a10 = 0) => (a6 = 2); [3, 3, 75.00%, 100.00%][0, 3] [{}, {2, 5, 6}] rule 4. (a1 = 1) => (a6 = 2); [1, 1, 25.00%, 100.00%][0, 1] [{}, {1}] **END
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ReDO
LISUT
Laboratorio di Ingegneria dei Sistemi Urbani e Territoriali
Laboratory of Urban and Regional Systems Engineering
University of Basilicata
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture, Planning and Transport Infrastructure
!"#$$%$ !" !# !$ !% !& !' !( !) !* !"+&'"(!) ! " # ! " !*''"$ ! "#!*'+ !&+',%!* ! !&"#- ! ! "&+'.+#/ # " ! " !%-0(+'-/%-* # " # !
1%)23'+4$2!+(*%+(#
!" !"##$%&'(!# )*+,-'&.,!$ /-'&"%!% !"##&'#,%'!& 0,1%!' 2"13!( 4'51',6(!) 7$*3&-!* !"8'!"+ 918:
4;0/<9=!>?;@ rule 1. (a2 = 0) & (a5 = 0) => (a6 = 0); [2, 2, 66.67%, 100.00%][2, 0] rule 2. (a1 = 3) => (a6 = 0); [1, 1, 33.33%, 100.00%][1, 0] rule 3. (a1 = 0) & (a8 = 0) & (a10 = 0) => (a6 = 2); [3, 3, 75.00%, 100.00%][0, 3] rule 4. (a1 = 1) => (a6 = 2); [1, 1, 25.00%, 100.00%][0, 1]
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Conclusions
• Interoperability -‐> produced “unified legends” ?? • SDI -‐> semanRc approach could reinforce the usability of the systems
• SemanRc correspondence brings to interoperability not only between data sets but also in the process of management plans and intervenRon programs.
LISUT
Laboratorio di Ingegneria dei Sistemi Urbani e Territoriali
Laboratory of Urban and Regional Systems Engineering
University of Basilicata
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture, Planning and Transport Infrastructure
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Thanks
Ing. Francesco Scorza
PhD Student at University of Basilicata -‐ Faculty of Engineering Department of Architecture, Planning and Transport Infrastructure (DAPIT) Laboratory of Urban and Regional Systems Engineering (LISUT) Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano, 10 85100 Potenza – Italy
www.lisut.org [email protected] Skype: francescoscorza Tel: 0039.347.7001363