OHSAS 18001 - PECB OHSAS 18001 is an International Standard intended to provide organizations with...
11
OHSAS 18001 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM When Recognition Matters WHITEPAPER www.pecb.com
Transcript of OHSAS 18001 - PECB OHSAS 18001 is an International Standard intended to provide organizations with...
OHSAS 18001OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
When Recognition Matters
WHITEPAPER
www.pecb.com
ISO 18001 // OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM2
PRINCIPAL AUTHOREric LACHAPELLE, PECBNarta VOCA, PECB
CONTENT____
Introduction
An overveiw of OHSAS 18001:2007
How to ensure Occupational Health and Safety? Key clauses of OHSAS 18001:2007
Link of OHSAS 18001 with other standards
OHSAS 18001 opposed to ISO 9001
WhataretheBusinessBenefitsofanOccupationalHealthandSafetyManagementSystem?
Why is PECB a worthy choice?
StepsforobtainingaPECBCertification
3
4
5
5
6
7
7
8
10
INTRODUCTION____
ISO 18001 // OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 3
Healthy employees are one of the most critical key factors for business success. For this purpose, businesses should ensure a safe and healthy work environment for their employees. A workplace that doesnotfrequentlycheckonitsworksettingcanleadtoseriousaccidentsresultinginillnesses,injuries,damagesorlossoflives.AccordingtotheInternationalLabourOrganizationestimations,overonemillionwork-related deaths occur annually and hundreds of millions of workers suffer from workplace accidents andoccupationalexposuretohazardoussubstancesworldwide.
Occupational health and safety is a cross-disciplinary area that deals with conditions and factors that affect, or could affect, the health and safety of employees, visitors, or any other person in the workplace. It involvesinteractionsamongmanysubjects,includingmedicine,hygiene,publichealth,safetyengineering,toxicology,ergonomics,etc.
Organizations of all kinds are increasingly concerned with achieving and demonstrating sound OH&SperformancebycontrollingtheirOH&Srisks.AneffectivewaytofosterasafeandhealthyworkenvironmentistointegrateOH&Sriskmanagementintoanorganization’sdailybusinessoperations.Thesuccessofthesystemdependsonthecommitmentfromalllevelsandfunctionsoftheorganization,especiallyfromthetopmanagement.
OHSAS 18001 is an International Standard intended to provide organizationswith the elements of aneffectiveOH&Smanagementsystem.Itwascreatedbyworld’sleadingnationalstandardbodies,certificationbodies, and specialist consultancies.
AN OVERVIEW OF OHSAS 18001:2007____
OHSAS 18001 specifies requirements for an OH&Smanagement system to enable an organization todevelopandimplementapolicyandobjectives,whichtakeintoaccountlegalrequirementsandinformationaboutOH&Srisks.
OHSAS18001isintendedtoprovideorganizationswiththeelementsofaneffectiveOH&SmanagementsystemthatcanbeintegratedwithothermanagementrequirementsandhelporganizationsachieveOH&Sandeconomicobjectives.
OH&SmanagementisimprovedwithOHSAS18001byincorporating:
• Greateremphasisonsettingtheobjectives,monitoringperformanceandmetrics;• Clearerexpectationsonmanagement;and• Morecarefulplanning forandpreparing the resourcesneededforensuringoccupationalhealthand
safety.
OHSAS18001appliestoalltypesandsizesoforganizationsthatwishto:
1. EstablishanOH&SmanagementsystemtoeliminateorminimizeriskstopersonnelandotherinterestedpartieswhocouldbeexposedtoOH&Shazardsassociatedwithitsactivities;
2. Implement,maintainandcontinuallyimproveanOH&Smanagementsystem;3. AssureitselfofitsconformitywithitsstatedOH&Spolicy;4. Demonstrate conformity with this OHSAS Standard by: a.Makingaself-determinationandself-declaration, b.Seekingconfirmationofitsconformancebypartieshavinganinterestintheorganization,such as customers, c.Seekingconfirmationofitsself-declarationbyapartyexternaltotheorganization,and d.Seekingcertification/registrationofitsOH&Smanagementsystembyanexternalorganization.
OHSAS18001hasbeendraftedinaccordancewiththerulesgivenintheISO/IECDirectives,Part2.ThismeansOHSAS18001istotallyalignedwithallothermanagementsystemstandardsdevelopedbyISO.
4 ISO 18001 // OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
HOW TO ENSURE OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY?
____
Organizations should comply with the following requirements included in the main clauses of thisInternational Standard to help ensure health and safety within the work environment.
KEY CLAUSES OF OHSAS 18001:2007
OHSAS 18001 is organized into the following main clauses:Clause 4.1: General requirementsClause 4.2:OH&SpolicyClause 4.3:PlanningClause 4.4: Implementation and operationClause 4.5:CheckingClause 4.6:Managementreview
Each of these key activities is overviewed below.
CLAUSE 4.1: GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
OrganizationsshallestablishandmaintainanOH&Smanagementsystemwhichmeetstherequirementsof this International Standard.
CLAUSE4.2:OH&SPOLICY
AnOH&Spolicyhastobeauthorizedtostatetheorganization’sOH&Sobjectivesanditscommitmenttocontinual improvement
CLAUSE 4.3: PLANNING
The planning phase of the OH&S management system iscritical since the organization’s continuous improvementand performance depends on carrying out the followingrequirements:
• AnalyzingOH&Shazardsandselectingcontrols,• Respectinglegalandotherrequirements,• EstablishingOH&Sobjectivesandprograms
CLAUSE 4.4: IMPLEMENTATION AND OPERATION
Topmanagementoftheorganizationshallcarryoutthefollowingrequirementsandactionstoensuretheeffective implementation and operation of the OHSMS.
• Establish responsibility and accountability,• Ensurecompetenceandprovidetraining,• Establish communication and participation,• Documenttheorganization’sOHSMS,• Controltheorganization’sOH&Sdocuments,• ImplementoperationalOH&Scontrolmeasures,and• EstablishanOH&Semergencymanagementprocess.
5ISO 18001 // OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
IdentifyHazards
DevelopMethodology
DetermineControls
Assess RiskImplementControls
Manager
ChangeMonitor &Review
Figure1.Hazardidentificationandriskassessmentmethodology
CLAUSE 4.5: CHECKING
Once theOHSMS is implemented,OHSAS18001requiresmonitoringof thesystemandmeasuring theOH&Sperformanceonaregularbasis.Theseactivitiesinclude:• qualitativeandquantitativemeasures,appropriatetotheneedsoftheorganization;• monitoringoftheextenttowhichtheorganization’sOH&Sobjectivesaremet;• monitoringtheeffectivenessofOH&Scontrols;• proactivemeasuresofperformance thatmonitorconformancewith theOH&Sprogramms,controls
andoperationalcriteria;• reactivemeasuresofperformancethatmonitorhistoricalevidenceofdeficientOH&Sperformance;• recording of data and results of monitoring and measurement sufficient to facilitate subsequent
corrective action and preventive action.
CLAUSE 4.6: MANAGEMENT REVIEW
Thesuitability, adequacyandeffectivenessof theOH&Smanagementsystemshallbe reviewedby topmanagement,whichthanshallbedocumented.
6 ISO 18001 // OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
LINK OF OHSAS 18001 WITH OTHER STANDARDS
____
OHSAS18001isdevelopedincompatibilitywiththeISO9001:2000QualityManagementSystemstandardandtheISO14001:2004EnvironmentalManagementSystemstandard,inordertofacilitatetheintegrationofquality,environmentalandoccupationalhealthandsafetymanagementsystemsbyorganizations.
QualityQuality policy
Consumer satisfactionProduct realization
Product identificationand traceability
Customer complains
EnvironmentEnvironment Policy
Environmental AspectsComplains from neighbours
TransportationWaste Disposal
Ethicss
Health and SafetyOH&S Policy
Specific risk assessment Incident Investigation
Objectivesand Targets
Internal Audit ManagementReview Control of documents,
records & nonconformitiesCommunicationDocumentation
Etc.
In addition to the OHSAS 18001 Occupational Health and Safety Standard, several other related standards include:
• BritishStandardsInstitute:BS8800:1996• InternationalLabourOrganization:ILO-OSH:2001• AmericanNationalStandardsInstitute:ANSIZ10• SpanishAssociationofStandardisationandCertification(AENOR):UNE81900:1996• PolishNationalLabourInspection:WorkerProtectionProgrammePL9407,1996• Health and Safety Executive: HSG 65
OHSAS 18001 OPPOSED TO ISO 9001____
ThisOH&SStandarddoesnotincluderequirementsthataresimilartoothermanagementsystems,suchasthoseforquality,environmental,security,orfinancialmanagement;thoughitselementscanbealignedorintegratedwithothermanagementsystems.
Itispossibleforanorganizationtoadaptitsexistingmanagementsystem(s)inordertoestablishanOH&SmanagementsystemthatconformstotherequirementsofthisOHSASStandard.Itispointedout,however,thattheapplicationofvariouselementsofthemanagementsystemmightdifferdependingontheintendedpurpose and the interested parties involved.
WHAT ARE THE BUSINESS BENEFITS OF AN OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM?
Aswithallthemajorundertakingswithinanorganization,itisessentialtogainthebackingandsponsorshipof the executivemanagement. By far, the bestway to achieve this is to illustrate the positive gains ofhavinganeffectiveoccupationalhealthandsafetymanagementprocessinplace,ratherthanhighlightthenegativeaspectsofthecontrary.
Today an effective occupational health and safetymanagement system is not about being forced intotakingactiontoaddressexternalpressures,butitsimportancereliesonrecognizingthepositivevalueofoccupationalhealthandsafetymanagementwhengoodpracticeisembeddedthroughoutyourorganization.
Safer work environmentElimination /
minimizationofOH&Srisks
Effectiveness and efficiency
BetterunderstandingofOH&Sperformance
Reducedinjury-relatedcosts Increased accountability Increased reputation
and brandConfidenceof
interested parties
Competitiveadvantage Legalcompliance Regulatorycompliance Contract compliance
7ISO 18001 // OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Theadoptionofaneffectiveoccupationalhealthandsafetymanagementsystemwithinanorganizationwillhavebenefitsinanumberofareas,examplesofwhichinclude:
1.Providingasafeandhealthyworkplaceforemployees;2.Effectiveandefficientmanagementofresources;3.DemonstrableOH&Scommitmenttostakeholders;4.Loweringtheriskoflosinginvestorsandcustomers;5.Increasingthereputationoftheorganizationinthecommunityandbeyond;6.Increasingtheopportunitiesforimprovement;7.ReductionofcostsrelatedtoOH&Saccidents;8.Compliancetonational,regionalandinternationallawsandregulations;9.Buildingtrustfulrelationshipswithlocalandnationalauthorities;10.UsageoftheOHSAS18001asamarketingtool;11.Resourceconservation;and12.IncreasingworkerparticipationinOH&Sconsultation.
WHY IS PECB A WORTHY CHOICE?ImplementationofanOHSMSwithIMS2methodology
ConsideringthewelldocumentedbenefitsofimplementinganOccupationalHealthandSafetyManagementSystem based on OHSAS 18001, makes the proposal easier to decide on.
Mostcompaniesnowrealizethatitisnotsufficienttoimplementageneric,“onesizefitsall”occupationalhealthandsafetyplan.Foraneffectiveresponse,withrespecttomaintainingtheoccupationalhealthandsafetymanagementsystem,suchaplanmustbecustomizedtofittoacompany.Amoredifficulttaskisthe compilation of an implementation plan that balances the requirements of the standard, the business needsandthecertificationdeadline.
ThereisnosingleblueprintforimplementingOHSAS18001thatwillworkforeverycompany,buttherearesomecommonstepsthatwillallowyoutobalancethefrequentconflictingrequirementsandprepareyouforasuccessfulcertificationaudit.
PECBhasdevelopedamethodology(pleaseseeexamplebelow)forimplementingamanagementsystem;the“IntegratedImplementationMethodologyforManagementSystemsandStandards(IMS2)”,andit isbasedonapplicablebestpractices.ThismethodologyisbasedontheguidelinesofISOstandardsandalsomeets the requirements of OHSAS 18001.
8 ISO 18001 // OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
1.1 Initiating the OHSMS
1.2 Understanding the organization
1.3 Analyze the existing System
1.4 Leadership and Project Approval
1.5 OHSMS Scope
1.6 OH&S Policy
1.7 Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment and Determining Controls
1.8 Legal and other Requirements
2.1 Resources, Roles, Responsibility, Accountability and Authority
2.2 Competence, Training and Awareness
2.3 Communication, Participation and Consultation
2.4 Documentation
2.5 Operational Control
2.6 Emergency Response and Preparedness
3.1 Monitoring, Measurement, Analysis and Evaluation
3.2 Internal Audit
3.3 Management Review
4.1 Treatment of Non-conformities
4.2 Continual Improvement
1. Plan 2. Do 3. Check 4. Act
1.9 Objectives and Program(s)
IMS2 is based on the PDCA cycle which is divided into four phases: Plan, Do, Check and Act. Each phase has between 2 and 8 steps for a total of 21 steps. In turn, these steps are divided into 101 activities and tasks.This‘PracticalGuide’considersthekeyphasesoftheimplementationprojectfromthestartingpointtothefinishingpointandsuggeststheappropriate‘bestpractice’foreachone,whiledirectingyoutofurtherhelpfulresourcesasyouembarkonyourOHSAS18001journey.
9ISO 18001 // OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
OHSMSProjects
4 Phases 21 Steps 101 Actvities Undefined Tasks
Check
Act
Do
Plan
The sequence of steps can be changed (inversion, merge). For example, the implementation of themanagement procedure or documented information can be done before the understanding of theorganization.Manyprocessesareiterativebecauseoftheneedforprogressivedevelopmentthroughouttheimplementationproject;forexample,communicationandtraining.
Byfollowingastructuredandeffectivemethodology,anorganizationcanbesure itcoversallminimumrequirements for the implementation of a management system. Whatever methodology used, theorganizationmustadaptittoitsparticularcontext(requirements,sizeoftheorganization,scope,objectives,etc.)andnotapplyitlikeacookbook.
STEPS FOR OBTAINING A PECB CERTIFICATION
____ToensurethatorganizationsorindividualsachieveplannedanddesiredOH&Sresults,thefollowingstepswill serveasguidanceonhow tobecomePECBCertifiedonOHSAS18001–OccupationalHealthandSafetyManagementSystem.
Fororganizations: For individuals:
1.Implementthemanagementsystem 1.Participateinthetrainingcourse
2. Perform internal audit and reviews 2.Registerforthecertificationexam
3.Selectpreferredcertificationbody 3.Sitforthecertificationexam
4.Performapre-assessmentaudit(optional)
4.Applyfortherelevantcertificationscheme,upon successful completion of exam and
fulfillmentofcertificationrequirements(statedonourwebsite)
5.Performthestage1audit 5.Obtaincertification
6.Perform2.audit(on-site)
7.Performafollow-upaudit(optional)
8.Registerthecertification
9.Assurecontinualimprovementbyconductingsurveillance audits
ForfurtherdetailsrelatingthetypesoftrainingsandcertificationsthatPECBoffers,pleasevisitourwebsite: www.pecb.com
10 ISO 18001 // OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
