Tumblr and pinterest presentation for English course at cross media management, KDG, 2nd year
October, 2010 Email: kdg jbh@yahoo - KDG KACHIN › wp-content › uploads › 2018 › ... ·...
Transcript of October, 2010 Email: kdg jbh@yahoo - KDG KACHIN › wp-content › uploads › 2018 › ... ·...
jum law jang dai bai dut hkawm mat wa, anhte lawu daw de
(dingda daw de) jum dut yu wa jang gaw, du ai shara hta masha
ni, mung madu ni, ga madu ni hkap san ai, “ya nanhte gara ga
na sa mani? Kadai ni rai mani?” nga yang “htaw jum maw de
na yu wa ai ni rai ga ai, anhte jum maw shawng hpaw ai ni rai
ga ai.” ngu nna, “jum maw hpaw ai ni” ngu tsun ai na wa jang
“jumhpaw ni” ngu wa ai. Sumtsan sasana ni garai n du wa ai
ten hta Jumhpaw ni gaw maling mala ra ai ni re majaw bum
ga e law malawng nga ai. Rai jang she Miwa ni gaw “jingh-
paw Su” nga ma ai. “jinghpaw, Jumhpaw” “nam masha bum
masha” ngu ai hku rai nga ai. Miwa ga hku na Miwa ni anhte
hpe “Jinghpaw Su” nga ma ai.
Dai kaw na bai lai hkrat wa jang gaw ndai Hugawng
ga, Sinna maga de Assam ga, India de du bang mat wa yang
dai de na ni gaw “Singhpaw” bai nga. “ J ” nsen n chye tsun
ai, “ J ” tsun na n manu ai majaw, “ J ” a shara kaw “Sing” ngu
nna “Singhpaw” rai mat ai. Myen kaw bai du jang Myen ni
gaw Jinghpaw hpe “ S ” mung n chye tsun, “ J ” mung n chye
tsun rai tsun n manu nna “ T ” bai tsun ai “Tinghpaw” bai nga
ma ai, dai hku tsun ma ai majaw mying gaw dai hku nan hkrat
wa ai rai nga ai.
Dai mung ngai hku nna teng man ai sakse madun mayu
- 6 -
Cover Design & Layout
Computer
Copies
Printed by K.D.G October, 2010
Email: [email protected]
I Sak
Ah Ba Awng
500
CONTENTS
Masat Lawnglam Laika Man
1. Ga nhpaw.................................................................. ii2. Shachyen ga ............................................................. iv
3. Jinghpaw Wunpawng amyu sha ni a ngasat ngasa hte myit jasat lam ............................ 2 (Ginru ginsa yu hkrat wa ai lam)4. Jinghpaw Wunpawng amyu sha ni hku nna ngang kang nga lu na matu kaning re ai lawng lam ni ahkyak ai kun? ...................................................... 67 (What makes kachins being kachins?)5. Jinghpaw Wunpawng Chyum Hkawlik hte myu sha ni a galu kaba wa ai mabyin ................... 896. Wunpawng sha ni Hkristan makam hpe hkapla kamsham ai hpang galu kaba rawtjat wa ai lam hte amyu langai hku tsep wa lu ai masa ................ 97 (Munghpawm myanmar mungdan de maigan Hkalup hpung sasana shang wa ai ten hte de shawng na masa)7. Agu ngu rit yaw, Hkri ............................................ 1188. Jinghpaw amyu masha ni a ningmu ...................... 126 (World view of philosophy)9. Jinghpaw Wunpawng amyu sha ni myu sha langai hku nna ngang kang nga lu na matu kaning re ai lawng lam ni ahkyak a ta? ................. 132
sha sha re ai. Sha-it ngu ai dai shara kaw shan amyu hkum sum
hpa wa chyu ai shara re, Magwi, Shan Nga, Hpawlam, Sharaw
dusat dumyeng hkum sum hpa yawng dai kaw chyu ai shara
rai nga ai. Dusat hkum sum hpa sa chyu ai dai “sha-it” kaw
Jau gawng La wa gaw sa hkap nna “Dai ni gaw chyahkyi gap
yang ram sai, chyahkyi sha gap na re” shingrai chyahkyi sha
gap la nna htingbu htingpyen ni hte wa garan sha ai. Hpang
shani hkan e mung “dai ni gaw Shan Nga she gap na re” ngu
gap la nna hpya sha, shadu sha, ju sha ai shaloi dai “Sha-it”
hka hpe sha ja la nna dai hte shadu (dai gaw jum rai nga ai, jum
hka rai nga ai) sha rai nna, dai hpang daw de shan kaba ni gap
jang masha wunawng wuwa bai sa zup nna dai kaw sha jawm
ju sha, jawm shadu sha rai hpang jahtum gaw “sha-it kaba ndai
kaw anhte jum she shadu ga” bai myit lu wa ai, “jum she shadu
ga nga jang gaw jum hpaga she hpaga saga,” ngu nna jum
hpaga hpang wa ma ai. Moi gaw jum gaw gunrai kaja rai nga
ai.
Anhte Korea sumla hkrung ni yu yang mu lu nga ai,
jum hpaga gashun nna majan byin ai ni grai nga ai, moi gaw
jum ngu ai gaw mungkan ting e ahkyak ai lu sha rai nga ai. Dai
re majaw jum lu dut ai wa, jum lu ai wa gaw sut gan kaja lu
ai wa, Jum hte hpa galai tim lu ai. Dai majaw jum shadu nna
- 5 -
ai ni hpe mung san sagawn la, Miwa ni a Madun gawk (Mu-
seum) hkan yu nna dai kaw nga hkrat wa ai masha ni a lam
ni hpe san shagawn, lup ding lup wa ni hkan htu sawk sagawn
nga ma ai. Ya du hkra naw sawk ai, lai wa sai masum mali ning
(2005-06) hta sawk lai wa sai ni hpe shanhte Jinghpaw laika,
Miwa laika hku ka shapraw da ai. English laika hku mung ka
gale da manu ai.
Jinghpaw ngu shaga byin pru wa ai lam
Ya du hkra shanhte matut manoi sawk ding yang rai
nga malu ai. Shanhte sawk ai hte maren byin ai gaw kaning
nga ta nga jang “Jinghpaw “ ngu ai ga ndai gara kaw na pru a
ta nga yang, ya anhte ndai (Jinghpaw mung) kaw anhte hkai
ai gaw “Chying tawt” kaw na pru wa ai majaw “Chyinghpaw”
nga ai kaw na “jinghpaw” ngu ai re law nga hkai nga ma ai.
Dai gaw maumwi tak hkai ai hkrai sha rai nga ai.
Raitim ya ndai (Slg. Manam Tawng) ni gaw npawt
kaw na nan shanhte gawn hkrat wa ai rai malu ai. Shanhte ni
gawn hkrat wa ai lam gaw Mongolia mung masawn maga de
yu hkrat, anhte dingdung de na ni Mongolia ndai Miwa mung
jarik de lai bang wa ai, yu wa ai shaloi “Sha-it” langai mi nga
ai da. Dai Sha-it kaw jau gawng La langai mi shan sa hkap gap
- 4 -
Jinghpaw Wunpawng Amyu sha ni a labau hpe yu ai
shaloi AD 500 grup yin na lam kaw na hkai hpang ai law ai.
De shawng na lam gaw Majoi Shingra bum na pra hkrat wa
ai lam hte Ja Tawng Naw a buga a lam ni hpe gaw mau mwi
mau sa labau hku she hkai ga ai. Dai gaw htaw anhte n dep n
hkap ai prat ban na lam rai nga sai. Hpa mi nga tim labau lu
ai amyu rai nga ai gaw amyu sha ni a arawng rai nga ai. Dai
ni na mungkan prat madang de lahkam sa wa na mung anhte
amyu sha ni a nga nga ai labau hta hkan nna lahkam sa wa ra
nga ai.
Dai ni na prat hta mungkan lahkam dep ai madang
de du wa lu na matu gaw Dr. Hka Lum tsun ai ga langai nga
ai. Kaga amyu ni a machye machyang kunghpan lam jaw prat
kahtap mat wa sai rai tim anhte dai ni na mungkan hpaji hpe
chye lu jang, dai amyu sha ni a dai ni na lahkam de kalang ta
hkan lahkam dep lu mai nga ai”. Anhte amyu sha ni a chye
chyang kunghpan wa ai prat ladaw ni kaga maigan amyu sha
ni a prat ladaw hpe shingdaw yang gaw ndang dep hkap nga
sai. Raitim anhte amyu sha ni mungkan hpaji hpe chye chyang
lu jang gaw dai amyu sha ni a dai ni na madang de kalang ta
hkan dep nang na ga ai re.
Anhte amyu sha ni a myit jasat lam madang mung lani
hte lani tsaw wa ra nga ai. Dai ni na anhte a Hpu Shawng
GA NHPAW
- ii -
Lama La RipHpu-awn
Kachin Philo-quest TeamJinghpaw Wunpawng Bawngring Hpung (JBH)
Hpuba, Kanu Kawa ni a myit jasat ai lam hpe mung ramma ni
chye da ging ga ai, hka ja da ging nga ai, matsing sumhting da
ging ga ai. Dai ni na myit jasat lam hpe chye da ai rai yang dai
hta ninggam shachyaw nna sa wa yang anhte a myit ai mang ai
lam ni, jasat jasa lam ni tsaw wa lu na re. Ndai laika buk gaw
“Kachin Philo-quest Team” kawn anhte Hpu Shawng Hpuba,
Kanu Kawa nkau mi hte hkrum jahta, shanhte a ka jahkrat da
ai laika ni hpe hti mahkawng nna anhte Jinghpaw Wunpawng
Amyu sha ni a myit mang, myit jasat ai lam hpe hka ja sa wa ai
lam a shawng ningnan na ninggam rai mali ai. Du na ra ai aten
ni hta grau nna anhte amyu sha ni a lam hpe grau grau hka
ja sa wa lu nna matsing sumhting da lu na hte shawng lam de
shanang sa wa na lam hpe madi shadaw ya lu na re ngu kam
ai. Ndai laika buk gaw anhte Jinghpaw Wunpawng Amyu sha
ni a matu akyu rawng ai laika buk langai byin tai wa lu u ga
yaw shada let dip shapraw dat ai lam rai sai.
- iii -
hpe tsun nga a ta nga jang Jaiwa ga kaw tsun nga ai hpe wa mu
mada ai. Jaiwa ga ngu ai gaw Dumsa ga hte n bung ai. Dumsa
ga gaw “nat” hte shaga hkat ai rai nga ai. “Laka ga” ngu ai
gaw anhte shinggyim masha shada da shapyaw hkat ai lam
re. “Nchyin nchyun” ngu ai dai mung tinang hkum hpe tinang
shapyaw ai lam rai nga ai.
Raitim Jaiwa ngu ai gaw “Nat” hte shaga ai mung n
re, Labau hkai ai nan rai nga ai. Ya naw mu mada lu nga ai
Jaiwa ga naw lu shaga nga ai asak kaba sai Jaiwa ninghkring ni
hpe shawng Jaiwa shangun nna, Shadan Krung ga na ni shara
shagu hkan na Jaiwa ga ni hpe shanhte gaw ka mahkawng nna
dai hpe atsawm sha gara, a hpang gara mahkra ka jahkrat la ai.
Ka da ngut jang Jaiwa ga dai kaw tsun mat wa ai shara ni hpe
tam ai rai nga mali ai.
Jaiwa ga hpan lahkawng
Jaiwa ga kaw Manau Jaiwa hte Hkungran Jaiwa ngu ai
lahkawng nga ai. Manau Jaiwa ngu ai gaw anhte a htunghking
ginru ginsa (kaning rai na yu hkrat wa ai mahkra htunghking
masa) lam ni, kaning rai hkan hkrat wa, kaning rai nga pra
hkrat wa ai lam ni lawm nga malu ai. Jaiwa ga hta lawm ai dai
shara ni hpe hkan tam sawk sagawn ai. Dai shara kaw nga pra
- 3 -
Ginru Ginsa yu hkrat wa ai lam Jinghpaw Wunpawng amyu sha ngu ai anhte gaw
Miwa mung, Mongolia ga hku nna dingdung de nna dingda de
ginru ginsa hkrat wa ai rai nga ai. Rai nna dingdung daw, anhte
shawng nnan ginru ginsa hkrat wa ai daw de Miwa mung na
Jinghpaw htunghking salang ni gaw shanhte dep lu ai daram
Jinghpaw a lam hpe grau chye lu na matu htunghking ni hpe
shanhte sawk sagawn mat wa ai maumwi sawk sagawn hpung
langai mi nga mali ai.
Dai kaw na ningbaw gaw salang Manam Tawng re,
anhte htunghking jawng langai hpaw tawn da ai raitim ya gaw
dai hpe jawng hku nna n lang sai, kaga hku lang kau sai, ndai
anhte hpung ni hte Miwa mung na Salang Manam Tawng woi
awn ai Jinghpaw htunghking hpung ni hte Mangshi kaw mali
ya mali na anhte jahta, wa sawk ai shaloi shanhte sawk mat wa
ai lai ladat gaw ndai Jinghpaw ni moi kaw nna, galaw hkrat
wa ai htunghking masa ni hta e, nat hte n seng ai daw naw nga
ai, ga shadawn: ndai htunghking daw, shinggyim masha ni a
ganawn mazum ai htunghking daw, mayat maya wa ai shingra
maka daw, dai ni shanhte sawk ai shaloi gara kaw e ndai lam
JINGHPAW WUNPAWNG AMYU SHA NI ANGA SAT NGA SA HTE MYIT JASAT LAM
- 2 -
Ndai laika buk gaw Jinghpaw Wunpawng amyu sha ni a
myit mang ai lam, myit jasat lam ni hpe madung tawn ai re. Jingh-
paw Wunpawng amyu sha ni a myit jasat ai lam hpe chyena hkaja
mayu myit makun ai ramma nkau mi kaw nna “Kachin Philo-
quest Team” ngu ai wuhpung hpe hpaw da let anhte a Sara Kaba
Hpushawng Hpuba ni hte hkrum shaga jahta, shanhte ka shapraw
da ai laika buk ni kaw nna hti hkaja, maigan amyu ni a myit jasat
jasa lam hta anhte Jinghpaw Wunpawng amyu sha ni a myit mang,
myit jasat ni hte shingdaw hkaja matsing sumhting mahkawng la lu
ai lam kauchyen mi hpe htawng madun dip shapraw ai lam re.
Anhte amyu sha ni a myit jasat ai lam hpe myit lawm hkaja
la mayu ai ni a matu ndai laika buk gaw shawnglam de matut hkaja
sa wa ai lam hta dawhpum dawnu langai mi byin tai wa lu u ga mung
myit mada ga ai.
Dai ni anhte Jinghpaw Wunpawng amyu sha ni a nga pra
madang, sak hkrung madang gaw aten ahkying, ladaw hte shingdaw
yu yang ndai hte hte myit dik lu mai nga ai kun? (snr) kade daram
madang de du nga lu ra sai kun? Laika hti hpunau, ramma ni myit
yu lu na matu, anhte amyu sha ni ya na madang hta grau tsaw wa lu
ai shinggyim nga sat nga sa, nga pra madang, myit jasat ni gyin sha-
lat sa wa ai lam hta ndai laika buk gaw ginlen ya lu na re hte, lakang
SHACHEN GA
- iv -
I SakLit hkam
Kachin Philo-quest TeamJinghpaw Wunpawng Bawngring Hpung (JBH)
ninggam langai mi hku nna gabye sa wa lu na re ngu kam let dip
shapraw dat ai laika buk re.
Ndai laika buk gaw gram sharai ka ai lam n nga ai, Sara Kaba
Hpushawng Hpuba ni tsun hkai, ka da ai hte maren ka dip shapraw
ai lam sha re.
Ndai laika buk gaw manu jahpu hte dut shabra na matu n re,
Sara Kaba Hpushawng Hpuba ni a tsun hkai ai lam ni hpe matsing
sumhting hkangzing da ai lam re ai hte dai hpe myit lawm hkaja
mayu ai ni hti jailang lu na matu dip shapraw ai re.
- v - - 1 -
gaw dai kaw hka ntsin bang ya ai. Maga mi de gaw htinglan
ngu ai ntsin ndum hpai, maga mi de gaw hkringwai ngu ai
kumba nhtan hpe “pak pak pak” timing (beating) gaw dumsa
ga shagawp timing (beating) hte shabung nna kumba hpe Ga
dun de kayat nna dumsa mat wa ai. Htinglan mung lang nna
kalang lang gaw shi ga lami ahkyak ai ngut jang htinglan dai
hpe kachyi mi dun de chyinghkyen htingkrang hku jaw ai re.
Ya buddhist ni (ye tset cha) ai hte bung ai.
Nat jaw ni gaw htinglan dai hte ntsin jaw nna bai dum-
sa, nau ba wa sai, nau pu tsu wa sai rai yang shi kanang du hkra
dumsa sai, dai hpe dum let hkring la tsa lu la manang ni hte gan
jahta la malut shachyi maya la nna hkring la ai. Ba mai sai nga
jang dumsa tingnyang kaw bai wa dung dumsa ai re. Dai gaw
Mu nat jaw jau ai shaloi re. Mu nat hkungri gaw npan ndaw
kaw jun ai.
Ndai Sinlap nat(myihprap nat rai nga) hkungri mung
npan de sha jun ai re. Jan nat hpe gaw npan nchyun matu ang
ang kaw kawa tawng lami sharawt nna nchyun matu kaw pinra
ra da ai. Nat ra ngu pinra kaw jaw ai hku re. Nat lahkan ngu ai
kumhpa hpe dai pinra kaw mara da ya ai. Dai gaw jan hku nat,
dai mung dumsa gaw nhku kaw sha dumsa ai. Dai Sinlap nat ni
jan hku nat ni gaw npan numgaw nchyun kaw nan hkingrawng
- 18 -
ai, ngai shangai wa ai Mungmyit Kudawng ga Mokok hte
Momeik lahta kaw re. Anhte kahtawng kaw nna lani mi sa yang
Momeik du sai. Dai kata e anhte sam mung ginru ginsa hkrat
wa ai gaw ndai Nmau Krung hku yu hkrat wa ai hta anhte gaw
jahtum rai nga ai hku re. Dai majaw anhte mungmyit Kudawng
ga gaw masha hpe “jumhpaw” she nga ai. “Ga! dai ni na gat
jumhpaw law law ai wa” nga ma ai. Masha grai law ai ngu ai
rai nga ai. Dai ni gaw Jumhpaw law law ai wa nga tim amyu ru
sai nga jang, Jumhpaw amyu ngu ai bai n nga ai, masha yawng
hpe jumhpaw nga ai. Amyu gaw marip, lahtaw, lahpai, “nang
hpa baw amyu rai nta?” nga jang ngai jinghpaw rai nngai kadai
n nga ai, ngai maru rai nngai kadai n nga ai, “ngai marip rai nn-
gai, ngai lahtaw wa rai nngai, shachyen jang “ nang hpa baw
amyu rai nta?” she nga ai. “Htinggaw mying hpa baw nga ma
ta? Gara htinggaw ni rai ma ta?” nga she san ai. Amyu hpa baw
ni rai ma ta? nga yang “ngai gaw marip wa rai nngai, Nhkum
wa rai nngai” nga she shachyen ai. Amyu ngu ai gaw masha a
ru sai hku nna shachyen shaga ai. Ngai kaba wa ai shaloi lai sai
1930 ning, (40) ning laman dai ten e anhte ga gaw “Jumhpaw”
she nga ma ai. Dai majaw Miwa ni sawk tawn da ai ndai “Jum
maw shawng hpaw ai majaw Jumhpaw ni ngu ai re” nga ai.
Anhte ga de “Jinghpaw n nga ai Jumhpaw she nga
Kachin philo-quest
- 7 -
ai.” “Jinghpaw “ ngu ndai gaw chyum laika, sara Hanson
Jinghpaw laika hte chyum laika gale ai shaloi she shi ka
da ai “Jinghpaw” ngu ai hpe yawng jai lang manu mat ai
hku rai nga ai. Jumhpaw hpe Jinghpaw ngu ai hku ka da
ai majaw she yawng lang ai she re. Kaja wa ngai naw kaji
ai shaloi gaw “Jinghpaw” n tsun ai “Jumhpaw” she nga ai.
Dai majaw Miwa mung na Htunghking salang ni (Slg. Manam
Tong) sawk sagawn ai, dai gaw nye matu teng ai ngu tsun mai
ai, hpa majaw nga yang ngai shangai wa ai shaloi shaga ai ga
mahtang dai rai taw nga ai, shamying ai mying dai rai taw nga
ai.
Ndai Jumhpaw ngu ai gaw “masha” rai sa, ya hpa baw
amyu rai nga jang Marip, Lahtaw, Maran nga rai jang, Hindu
ni na lam hte bai shingdaw wa yu ai hta shanhte gaw (india)
kaw Hindu amyu ngu n nga ai, Hindu makam ngu ai sha nga
ai. Hindi ngu ai ga nga, Hindi amyu ngu n nga ai. Shanhte sha-
da (Hindu shada) nang hpa baw amyu rai nga jang “ngai Brah-
min re, ngai shatri re” ngai hpabaw re. Dai Caste hpe mahtang
amyu ngu kau ai. Dai zawn re shanhte hte mung htawra daw
chyawm kala ni ngu kau sai le, hpang e rai timung bengoli, As-
sam, Oriya, Tamil, Malayalam ni nga nna nga ai. Raitim ndai
Dehli hte Uttar Pradesh na shara nkau mi rai rai, Rajastan hkan
- 8 -
hpe gaw nta shinggan e jaw ai.
Mu nat hpe gaw numgaw kaw jaw ai, anhte nta kaw
gaw mu nat jaw ai, Hkingjawng ni hte Hpumlum ni ntsa de
lung ai, nhku kaw gaw Dumsa wa dumsa taw nga, Mu nat hte
shaga taw nga, numgaw kaw Hkingjawng wa hte Hpumlum
wa lung nna langa nga hkra daw la baw kaw dai gup, dai ngah-
kra ka-ang na ginlang kaw kawa mazi lahkawng (chyik chyai)
jun tawn da ai. Hkingjawng wa mung dai gup ai Hpumlum wa
mung dai gup ai, lakang htan nna numgaw de lung, numgaw
du jang she le npan nchyun matu kaw mung dai zawn re dagup
da ai hku re. Nta ka-ang kaw mung dai hpe dagup da ai, nbang
nchyun kaw mung dagup da ai.
Dai mazi hte re ai langa ngahkra masum jun tawn da
ai hpe Hkingjawng hte Hpumlum wa mung dai gup tawn da
nna yu mat wa ai. Dai gaw mu nat galaw ai shani, dumsa wa
nhku daw dap kaw madin kumba makau kaw dumsa tingnyang
shadun tawn nna dai kaw shi gaw hkringwai ngu ai kumba
nhtan hkringwai lang, maga mi de gaw htinglan lang, (htinglan
ngu ai gaw Kawa ndum laman mi sha re lami lawm nna lawu
htum pa tsawm ra mi galu ai lema (4) daram re lami kaw nna
htum pa, laman mi re kawa dai kaw lagoi lahpaw hkayawp
kau pali hte atsawm sha hkang hkayawp kau ai) hpumlum wa
Kachin philo-quest
- 17 -
Kasang hpe gaw n naw ai wa mi nanhte nat hpe hpa rai jaw”
nga jang “Karai Kasang gaw hpan madu re asak madu shi she
jaw ai, shi gaw jaw ai wa re shaman ai wa she re, anhte n jaw ra
ai” nga ma ai. Jinghpaw ni gaw moi nat jaw tim Karai Kasang
nga ai hpe chye chyalu re.
Nat Hpan Masum
Rai tim Karai Kasang hpe n naw ai hpa majaw nga
yang Karai Kasang gaw shinggyim masha hpe mahtang “ndai
mungkan nanhte madu sha manu, up nga manu” nga nna ap da
sai re majaw shi gaw n nga sai re.
Shinggyim masha kaw Shi n paw pru sai hku re nga ma
ai. Dai majaw moi nat jaw prat kaw nat ngu ai myu masum nga
ai Matsaw ntsa nat, Masha nat hte Tsasam nat ngu ai masum
nga ai. Matsaw ntsa nat ngu ai gaw Jan nat zawn re ai, Mahtum
mahta nat, Shata nat, Myihprap nat, Mu nat ndai ni gaw mat-
saw ntsa nat ni rai nga ai. Ndai ni htaw ntsa de nga nna anhte
hpe marang jahtu ya, Jan shamai ya rai nga ai. Ndai ga ntsa
hta gaw nat amyu lahkawng re. Tsasam nat ngu ai ni gaw nat
matse, ndang nat zawn re, sa wa nat zawn re ai Jaga nat zawn
re ai ni rai nga ai. Ndai ni gaw nat kaji kajaw hpyi nan hpyi sha
ai nat rai nga ai. Hpyi ai n lu jang kawa na. Dai nat Tsasam ni
- 16 -
na ni hpabaw amyu ngu na n nga ai. Hindi ga ga ai, Hindi ga
ga nna Hindu amyu ngu bai n rai, Hindu gaw makam masham
she bai rai. Makam masham hpe amyu hpan mi hku nna gaw
lang kau, nkau Muslim re, Islam re, Hindu re bai nga, makam
hku nna gaw dai hku garan ginhka, nkau mi gaw dai Hindi ga
shaga tim Muslim re ni nga, shanhte kaw mung dai zawn re
nga malu ai.
Kala ni hte ganoi bung ai rai nga ai. Tim shanhte na
gaw makam masham hku nna hpang wa nhtawm hpang e gaw
caste hku na shamying la wa ai hku rai nga ai. Caste ndai gaw
tsawmra mi asak kaba sai hku rai mali ai. Tsawmra asak kaba
jang gaw tsawmra dang sai hku re. Shanhte a caste langai mi
gaw myu langai mi rai nga ai. Caste rai jang gaw nawku htung
bai n rai, makam masham bai n rai, moi gaw dai hpara hku nna
nawku htung hku yu hkrat wa tim, dai kata kaw shanhte caste
bai wa garan mat ai. Dai hpe lang jang gaw htawra mi na hpe
mung madung n mai tawn mat, ya na hpe mung n lu shangang
mat re hku rai nga malu ai. De majaw tsawmra yak mat ai hku
rai nga ai.
Dai majaw shanhte gaw ndai shanhte Hindu hpe “Mul-
tiple faith mahtang ngu na i? Religion mahtang ngu na i?” Dai
Hindu hpe mahtang Hinduism, ndai hpe mahtang shanhte gaw
Kachin philo-quest
- 9 -
loi mi grau shang wang kaba nna dai kata kaw mahtang shanhte
identity hpe garan nga ma ai, hpa majaw nga yang Hindu ni
a makam masham gaw hpara grai law ai. Ya myen ni mung
hpara grai law ai nga tsun nga ai. Dai gaw Hindu kaw na prat
wa ai rai nga ai. Myen ni a “buddhist” makam hta Gothamah
wa mung Hindu masha rai nga ai. Dai kaw na prat wa ai majaw
shanhte mung hpara grai law ai.
Hindu ni a Nawku Htung
Hindu Htinggaw langai hte langai naw ai hpara n bung
nga malu ai. Nkau gaw “Jan” naw ai, n kau gaw “Hka” naw ai,
n kau gaw “Dumsu” naw ai shat mai shat maw namlap naw ai.
Kala mung de hkawm sa yu ai shaloi, jahpawt jau jau anhte a
campus lahta kaw tsawmra tsaw ai (nta htap) langai mi nga ai
dai nta kaw na Waranda kaw nta madu jan gaw jahpawt shagu
jan pru sai kaw na gaw jan hpe naw naw re hku rai nga ai. Dai
gaw Jan naw ai, Jan hpara naw ai hku rai nga ai. Dingla nkau,
salang nkau mi shinggan hkan e hkawm nga yang (kala ni gaw
Myo kaw rai tim nta kaw dumsu rem ma ai) lam makau kaw
Dumsu langai mi a sum nung sha yupmu temsi rai shat lai lai
nna kaleng taw nga ai Dumsu hpe dingla langai sa wa nna nga
mai sa hta la, garawt la, mai tsan hpe manam pup rai nna naw
- 10 -
Ndai ka-ang na kadoi hkra kau ai wa hpe gaw yawng a
malai shi hkala hkam sai re majaw shi hpe gaw nanhte yawng
hkungga mu, nanhte shadu lu shadu sha ai, nanhte kra ai wan
mang dap hkun kaw shi hpe jaw jau mu, hpa lu timung shi hpe
shawng jaw, hpa sha timung shi hpe shawng jaw, nga nna dai
nbya rai nga ai nbya nat gaw dap hkun kaw nga ai rai nga ai.
Hkala hkrum ai wa gaw nbya bya mat ai yawng a tsawra nna
jaw ai rai nga ai. Tsa lu timung dap hkun kaw kachyi mi hprep
di nna lu ai hku rai nga ai. Moi gaw shanhte dai hku galaw ai
rai nga ai.
Hpan Wa Ningsang Chyewa Ningchyang gaw dai ni
mahkra matsun, manau woi nau kau da nna mat mat ai, shi n
nga sai hku re. Shinggyim masha ni hpe mahkra ndai mungkan
ga hpe ap kau da sai hku re. Dai majaw ya anhte shinggy-
im masha ni jinghpaw ni gaw nat jaw ai, Hpan Wa Ningsang
Chyewa Ningchyang Karai Kasang nga ai re chye timung shi
hpe anhte naw mung n naw ai, jaw mung n jaw ra ai, hkungga
n jaw ra ai hku re. Ya sasana sara ni du ai shaloi dai shawng wa
mu ai hku re, “ndai ni gaw nat mi jaw timung Karai Kasang
nga ai re ngu gaw chye ma ai. Karai Kasang hpe gaw shanhte
bai n naw, Karai Kasang hpe gaw shanhte bai n jaw, sasana
sara ni gaw “taw nanhte Karai Kasang nga gaw tsun Karai
Kachin philo-quest
- 15 -
ggyim masha rawng ai shan wa hkum ngu ai dai kaw rawng ai
dai hpe atsawm rai madat yu yang, le Wahkum kata de masha
chyi chyi nga nsen garu rawng nga ai. Wahkum dai mung yat
yat kaba wa ai, mashang masha ngu ai gaw ginding aga hpe
rem na, mungkan ga hpe hpyem na ni gaw ndai kaw rawng ai
ni rai ma ai.
Dai majaw shawng shangai sai ji nat magam Mahtum
Mahta wa hpe shaga nna “nang gaw ja nhkyi lang nna sa wa
rit, ndai ga u, dai ga dat u” kaja wa Ja nhkyi hte ga na hkyen
nna madi dat jang kata de shaga pru wa ai da, “aka ka ka ngai
kaw ang nga ai ngai hpe hkra na lu” nga nna bai kayin nna
shara mi kaw bai madi yang dai kaw mung dai hku bai “ke ke
ke garai hkum rai, garai hkum rai ngai hpe hkra na lu ngai naw
yen n-ga” nga kata de shaga pru wa wa re ai da. Dai hku byin
jang she Hpan Wa Ningsang Chyewa Ningchyang gaw hpa mi
rai yang rai u ga, kadoi ga kau dat u kadai hpe hkra yang hkra
kadoi ga dat u nga, ga dat jang she hkra maga chyen de marai
(8), pai maga chyen de marai (8) ka-ang kaw langai mi gaw
kadoi hkra kau, dai wa sai pyang pyang rai jang she Hpan Wa
Ningsang Chyewa Ningchyang gaw ndai hkra maga de na ni
hpe shadang la sha ngu na re, shadang masat shakap ya, pai de
na ni gaw shayi ngu na re shayi masat shakap ya ai.
- 14 -
nga ai. Shi gaw Dumsu naw ai wa rai nga ai, nkau mi gaw Wan
naw ai, nkau mi gaw hpa hpa naw ai, Hka naw ai, shat mai
shat maw namlap namlaw dai ni naw ma ai. Hpara grai law ai
mungkan ga ndai hta, langai hte langai a hpara n bung ai.
Jinghpaw wunpawng ni Nat Jaw Jau ai lam
Anhte Jumhpaw mung dai zawn re ai hpara nga ai, Jumhpaw
a maumwi hta mung Sara Sumlut Gam shinggyin tawn da ai
Jinghpaw maumwi hta dai rawng nga lu ai. Shinggyim masha
ni rai n shangai yang Nat hpe shawng shangai ai da; Nat shan-
gai ai shaloi, Chyanun yan Woi Shun kaw nna kasha langai
shangai ai, Nat shangai na shawng e Hpan Wa Ningsang Chye-
wa Ningchyang gaw N-gawn Chyanun yan Hpunggam Woi
Shun kaw nna shangai ai. Shi gaw ashawng ahpang yawng
chye ai. Dai majaw shi gaw Hkristan ni a makam hte grai
bung ai lam mu lu ai. Hkristan ni mung Karai Kasang gaw
Shinggyim masha sa tai ai, num sha kaw shangai ai.
Jinghpaw ni a maumwi hta mung Karai Kasang shin-
ggyim masha kaw sa git ai lam, sa tai ai lam rawng nga ai.
Dai Hpan Wa Ningsang Chyewa Ningchyang mung sa shangai
nna, shi gaw kanu yan kawa hpe mungkan ndai kaw nga man-
ga mahkra, dusat dumyeng, hpun, kawa, Jan, Shata, Shagan
Kachin philo-quest
- 11 -
yawng shawng shangai shangun ai. Shangai ngut sai nga jang
she yawng hkum sani nga yang hkum sai nga jang, “ ya ndai
ni hpe Gindin aga hpe hpyem na mungkan ga hpe rem na shin-
ggyim masha garai hkum shangai, garai n shangai na ngu nna,
ndai gindin aga hpe rem na matu, Ji Nat shawng shangai mu
ngu ai. Htaw Mahtum Mahta kaw na Sawn Ndang du hkra Nat
ni hpe shawng shangai ai.
Dai Nat ni hpe nang gaw hpung ya kaw nga u, nang
gaw lungpu sin u, nang gaw maling sin u, nang gaw dai kaw
nga u mying shamying ai mung Hpan Wa Ningsang Chyewa
Ningchyang, hkringdat matsun ai mung Hpan Wa Ningsang
Chyewa Ningchyang matsun ngut jang she langai bai shan-
gai ai. “Ya ndai mung masha garai n re ji nat magam naw re,
nang dai galaw u, ngu matsun nna, dai ngut rai jang she shin-
gyim masha lang na mungkan ga ndai hpe shinggyim masha
up madu ai shaloi mungkan ga ginding aga ndai hpe gara hku
bau rem na ngu ai hking shawng shangai jinghkum shangun ai
re.
Shadawn woi rawn zawn re, ndup sumdu zawn re
ai, ndai ni hpe shawng shangai shangun ai. Dai ni shangai
hkum sani hkum sai nga jang she “ya gaw shinggyim masha,
mashang masha ginding aga hpe rem na mungkan ga hpe
- 12 -
hpyem na masha shangai manu” ngu jang she shawng nnan
gaw awoi hpe shawng shangai pru wa ai hku rai nga ai, Awoi
gaw ngai masha rai ni ai nga ai, Hpan Wa Ningsang Chyewa
Ningchyang gaw nang gaw masha n re, nang gaw woi gang
ala woi hkyeng masha she re htaw maling masin hpun rawng
marin nna nga u, ngu maling de gawt kau dat ai. Shu bai shan-
gai “ngai masha rai ni ai nga nna, e nang masha rai n re, nang
gaw le wulu marin hpungya masin nna she dai wulu sin nna
nga u, na lit gaw dai wulu sin na nga u.” ngu sai.
Dai hku nna masha rai n rai ndai nga, pat kau pat kau
rai, hpang jahtum gaw U-di nsan ai, Wahkum si zawn san ai,
Wahkum man man ai adi hkrang rai nga ai adi langai mi di
shangai ai. Ndai gaw baw mung n tu, lagaw mung n tu, tawng
latawng re wa, Wahkum si zawn san ai wa, hkrung ai rai n re
ngu jut de kabai tawn da nna nga taw sai. N-gawn Wa Mag-
am Hpan Wa Ningsang Chyewa Ningchyang wa, “nu yan wa
shangai nhtoi gu sai le, rai n shangai myit ni?” ngu yang “e ma
e shangai gaw shangai sai wa nsa mung n rawng nsoi mung
n awng, lagaw mung n tu, baw mung n tu, dai majaw hkrung
ai rai n re ngu na le kabai tawn kau sai,” nga htan ai. “Ka-
nang tawn myit ni?” ngu yang “le jut kaw tawn da ai, sa hta
la masu” ngu nna hta wa yu yang gaw mashang masha shin-
Kachin philo-quest
- 13 -
nna shat kaw si ai ten, Nu gaw shat ndap tawn da, shat di rai
n hpaw shi ai, ngai rawt ai hte gaw “Nu shat kaw si sai, shat
sha mayu ai, shat di lawan hpaw u” ngu ai shaloi Nu gaw “rai
n krai ai, rai n hkut ai, hkut jang hpaw ya na, hpaw jaw na”
nga jahkring rai jang gaw krai na she hpaw, di hpaw ai hte ngai
gaw “ya jaw rit ya jaw rit” ngu Nu gaw “Ma e jinghpaw ni
kalang ta sha ai baw n re da, htaw ntsa de Karai wa naw nga ai,
ndai shat nsa Karai wa shawng sha ra ai da, Karai wa sha ngut
jang she masha mai sha ai da” nga Nu dai tsun ai. Dai shat di
kahtet ai salu kawp, salu hkoi mat jang she atsawm sha lahpaw
hta dagawt bang ginjup nna ngai hpe jaw ai, dai hpe yu yang
nat mi jaw timung Karai Kasang nga ai hpe gaw chye ai, nat
ni hpe gaw jaw ra ai shanhte gaw anhte hpe makawp maga na
matu ma, nat kachyi kachyaw ni n kawa lu na matu ma jaw
ai.
Sasana ni shang wa ai Sara Kincaid ni Ga hkyeng ga
( Mugaung ga) de du shang wa ai ten “ Nanhte gaw Karai
Kasang na mying gaw gang Karai Kasang hpe gaw n naw, nat
hpe gaw jaw, hpa rai na Karai Kasang hpe n naw mit ni?” ngu
jang “Karai Kasang hpe gaw n jaw ra ai, shi she anhte hpe
jaw ai gaw, shi hpe hpa n jaw ra ai, hpyi mung n hpyi ai, nat
wa gaw hpyi ai, n jaw jang kawa ai, nat jaw ai dai majaw re”
- 30 -
ngu ai pinra de jaw ai, dai ni gaw Matsaw ntsa nat rai sai.
Masha nat ngu ai gaw shinggyim masha dinghku a kaji
kawa ni a tsu minla ni hpe jaw jau ai hpe masha nat ngu ai re.
Kaja wa shanhte a kaji kawa rai nna kashu kasha ni hpe nja ai,
kaja wa naw karum mayu ai shaman mayu ai, makawp maga
mayu ai majaw si wa ai shaloi shanhte gaw matan ga tsun da
nna shanhte kashu kasha ni hpe makawp maga naw nga mayu
ai hku rai nga ai, dai ni gaw Masha nat hku rai nga ai.
Ga shadawn tsun ga nga yang - anhte nta jaw ai Masha
nat (tsu nat) gaw masum re. Langai mi gaw dumhpawng wa
ngu ai re, htaw anhte a kaji tsawmra mi prat ban 5,6 daram rai
sai, dai wa gaw npan kaw shi a nga dama ni hpe shap ya, dama
ni gaw nga hpe bai sa ap ya ai shaloi shi gaw bu kang labu bu
nna nga hkap dun la ai ngu yang shi a labu hpe sharaw hpyi
shadu nna hkap daru ai nga yang wa hku shadung ngu ai (n
pan kaw na lakang baw wa hku shadung ngu ai maka ka kau
hkra re manau shadung maka zawn re maka shadun ai rai nga,
n ga mi de gaw dun rai sai n tawt) kaw ngau kaba hkam da
ai re. Wahku shadung ndai hte shatai nna daru sat kau ai. Shi
akajawng sha si mat ai re majaw shi a nga shi hpe daru sat kau
nna kashu kasha ni hpe hpa ga matan mung ntan tsun ai si mat
ai majaw shi myit n dik ai, maroi n nyi ai majaw “ngai shu ngai
Kachin philo-quest
- 19 -
sha ni hpe hpa numhtet numra mungga mung n lu tsun kau da,
hpa matsun ga mung n tsun kau da ai sha ngai si mat ai, dai
majaw myit n dik ai.” Shi myihtoi bai yu ai shaloi “ngai shu
ngai sha nanhte hpe zimlum mayu ai, rau nga mayu ai makawp
maga mayu ai ngai hpe nanhte a gumgun gumhpai hku, ji nat
hku naw jaw jau marit” nga ai majaw jaw ai hku rai nga ai. Dai
gaw Dumhpawng wa rai sai.
Lahkawng gaw Du La Wa ngu ai wa hpe jaw ai. Du
La wa ngu ai gaw anhte hpe ginru ginsa woi hkrat wa ai wa
re. Hkahku ga kaw nna Sadung hku woi hkrat wa, Sadung hku
nna she Namhkam, Yang Wu, Dingga, Banma hku nna ndai
Manmaw hkran Gara ga hku yu nna anhte ya nga ai Mungmyit
Kudawng ga, Nmau hka rap nna Balawng ga de ginru ginsa
hkrat wa ai. Balawng ni hte hpyen majan hku nna n shang wa
ai, mung masa hku nna jinghku hku wa ai, majen je bang mat
wa ai rai nna anhte ga hta majen je nna mungdan woi de ai,
ninghtawn ningngat woi shangang shakang ai, woi hkrat wa ai
wa gaw Du La wa ngu ai rai nga ai. Shi a kasha gaw Hkun Seng
wa ngu ai wa re. Shi gaw nye wa a kaji dwi nan rai sai. Shi gaw
kaji ke rai nna shi mung majan kaw si mat ai. Dama rai nga ai
ya nga ai Manwun Du ni ngu ai shanglawt kaw Dukaba Seng
Li, Myitkyina Du kahtawng kaw nga ai ndai ni a kaji prat hta,
- 20 -
n hkrit ra ai yu nna manang wa hpe atsawm sha lakawn wa ai,
hpang jahtum gaw jahkrit jin jang dai ni hkoi mat wa sai.
Shinggyim Myit rawng ai Jinghpaw ni
Lana mi ngai naw kaji yang nye Dwi La gaw anhte
htingbu hkaraw langai mi din rai htingbu ani sha re ai anhte
hka ja lu ai hka singgat lahta kaw na La Sang ni nta kaw nta
madu wa mung dum sa re, dai La Sang ni a nta kaw she la-
sawk sa jahkrit ai, lasawk sa jahkrit ai wa Mahtang hpun ni
hpa ni wa agrawp wa ai zawn nga “Rawng… Rawng.. Rawng..
Rawng..!” nga mana maka agrawp garu jahkrit nga ai majaw
La Sang Gam ngu ai nta madu wa gaw ndaw kaw sa tsap nna
“he.. Du wa e nang de anhte hpe lasawk jahkrit nga ai lo..” ngu
tsun dat ai; nye Dwi La gaw yup gawk kaw nna nbang de pru
wa, nbang jan kaw sa tsap nna “kaning re ai lasawk, kaning re
kaji kajaw re ai nat anhte hpe hkan jahkrit, lawan hprawng, nat
kaba shaga dat sai lu, mu shaga dat sai lu” ngu jang she zim
nga mat ai. Nye Dwi La mung nat n hkrit ai, nye Wa mung nat
n hkrit ai, nye Nu mung nat n hkrit ai.
Rai timung Karai Kasang hpe gaw grai hkungga ai, nye
Nu gaw nat naw jaw ai Christan rai n re ai ten jahpawt jau jau
ngai shani tup ginsup nna shana shat n sha yup mat mat re
Kachin philo-quest
- 29 -
shi hpe n dum wa sai, shanhte gumgun gumhpai kaji kawa nat
ni hpe n hkungga wa, kam mara rai wa jang she gawa wa wa re
ai hku na shadum wa ai re.
Anhte nta gaw gumgun gumhpai nat (3) ting jaw ai re
majaw nye dwi la ni, nye wa ni, nye nu ni gaw nat hpe galoi
n hkrit ai. Nye nu ngai hte rau mare kaw nna tsawmra tsan ai
deng (5-6) ram tsan ai nam maling kaw an nu hkrai yi sa yup
ai, ngai naw kaji ai (3-4) ning daram sha naw re. Dai shaloi
mare na hpawmi ni tsun ai “Taw Du jan nan nu hkrai sha i.? Yi
mung shade de tsan ai kaw nan nu hkrai sha yi yup ai gaw n
hkrit mit ni.?” ngu jang “hpa hkrit na law e, gumgun gumhpai
nga ai she rai yang mi, n hkrit ai.” Dai ram tinang a gumgun
gumhpai nat hpe grai kam ma ai. Ndai ni gaw hpyi lamum, la-
sawk nga ai ndang zawn re ai hpa n mai sa ai, mying shaga dat
jang “gumgun gumhpai lu ai re lu, gumgun gumhpai nat hpe
anhte jaw da ai re lu, du na re lu” nga dat ai kaw na gaw tawm
hprang rai sai, hpa n sa jahkrit sai.
Nye Wa mung n hkrit ai. Nye Wa Bawdwin gat de jum
sa mari nna wa yang, manang wa tsa nau nang nna jan du mat
ai, nsin sin mat wa ai, dai ten tsing du kawng hku, prang kawng
makau hku hpyit jahkrit ai, hpyit dai hpraw dat chang dat, galu
dat kadun dat rai nna jahkrit ai, nye wa n hkrit ai, hpyit she re
- 28 -
Manwun Du ni hte Balawng ni gasat hkat ai shaloi Manwun du
jan gaw anhte a kaji ni a kajan, anhte nta na Nang Bawk ngu
ai re da. Shi Manwun du jan tai rai jang gaw Manwun du ni
Balawng hte gasat jang anhte Mayu du ni hpe naw wa garum la
rit nga sa saw ai majaw dai kaw nye kaji ke Hkun Seng ngu ai
wa mare masha ni hpe woi nna Manwun du ni hpe majan gasat
garum ai. Majan gasat karum ai hta Dumsa ningwawt ni gaw
“Du wa e nang gaw shamawn n hpru ai, Jaba wawt yu yang
nang majan n mai sa ai, nang hkala na ndai, dai majaw nang n
mai hkan nang ai” ngu sai raitim, “Ah.. nye Dama ni a majan
nga yang me ngai n sa yang gaw n mai ai, ngai gaw nta sha pyi
wa sin ya na, ngai mung hkan nang na.” Shing nga tsun ai hku
rai nga, “nanhte a shat simai ni ngai lajang jaw na dabang sin
ya na, ngai hkan nang na nngai” dai hku rai yang gaw majan n
gasat ai hku nga yang gaw mai na re, nga nna sa wa ma ai.
Manwun Du ni nta du jang Manwun du ni nta gaw Bala-
wng ni nat kau ya ai majaw nta n lu mat sai, nta hkru mat sai.
Dai majaw majan ginra de bai hkan nang, Balawng ni hte gasat
lawm, dai ngut nna bai wa hkring nga ai shaloi kaji Hkun Seng
“nanhte naw hkring mu ngai nanhte na shatmai naw shadu jaw
na” ngu, yi shari de shatmai naw sa tam na, chyinglap sa di na
nga sa wa ai kaw Balawng ni shingnawm kaw nna shingte sat
- 21 -
kau ai. Kaji Hkun Seng ngu ai wa gaw dai kaw si mat ai hku
re. Ndai Du La Wa, Dumhpawng Wa, hte Hkun Seng wa ngu
ai ndai ni rai nga ai. Raitim Hkun Seng hpe gaw anhte n jaw
ai, raitim Hkun Seng a kasha Zau Tang shi gaw kawa a malai
Du bai tai ra na mare masha ni hpe tsun ai, dai gaw nye wa a
kawa nan rai sai, nye kaji dwi rai sai. Maning a shawng shan-
ing (2008 ning) sha Myitkyina ndai nye nta kaw si mat ai, nye
wa Du wa La Raw a kawa nan re. Nye wa a kawa Duwa Zau
Tang hpe mung anhte a nta na gumgun gumhpai nat hku jaw
jau lai wa saga ai.
Anhte nta Masha Nat masum jaw ai, Dumhpawng wa,
Du La Wa, Zau Tang wa ngu ai ndai masum re. Anhte a kaji
majing ni rai sai, kaji ke ni Si mat ai hpang nat bai tai nna
nta masha ni hpe bai zinlum ai. Ndai kaba htum ai yawng a
shawng na Dumhpawng wa ngu ai nat gaw Moi na Ngaw Wa,
Lahtaw ni yawng jaw ai Ngaw Wa, Ngaw Wa a lahkum (my-
ihtoi lahkum) Myi htoi wa hpe hkringhtawng jaw nna myihtoi
htoi lu ai, galoi rai tim mung shaga lu ai, matut mahkai lu ai.
Bai Ngaw Wa gaw Dumhpawng wa hpe shi a myihtoi lahkum
hkringhtawng ap ya ai, dai mung myihtoi ga hte hkrai ginrat
hkat ai hku re. Dai hta hkan nna, anhte gaw lahtaw nga tim
lahtaw nat Ngaw Wa hpe anhte n jaw ra mat ai, anhte a kaji
- 22 -
ga na lung wa ai re” ngu tsun ai da, Salang dai ni gaw chye na
mat nna dai shaloi dai ni gaw “Nang nga ai de anhte hkan yang
i mai ai i?” ngu yang Ma gaw “mai ai le” ngu htan ai, “Kanang
nga nta?” ngu san yang “hpunggyi jawng kaw nga ai” ngu ai,
shanhte mung hkan nang ma ai.
Hpunggyi wa hpe sa hkrum yang dai lam yawng tsun
dan ai, Ma ndai hpunggyi jawng de kaning rai du wa ai lam ni
yawng tsun dan ai da. Dai tsun dan ngut jang she “Aw…. ma
ndai gaw du kasha re, Hkaw madu ra ai, hkaw dung ram sai”
ngu (10) ning nga jang gaw hkaw dung ram sai. Shanhte gaw
mi na Hkaw sa hkye ai jinghpaw du ni hte Loi lung Balawng
Du (yavmifapmfbGm;) (ya gaw Nam San rai nga ai anhte gaw Nam
San nga jang she chye na ai re, anhte ga gaw sam ga hku Loi
Lung ga ngu ai le,) ndai ni hte jinghpaw du ni pawng nna Zaw
Bwar kasha ndai hpe Zaw Bwa htingnu kaw Zaw Bwa sa sha-
dung da ya ngut ai hpang anhte lahtaw du ni gaw tinang nta de
tinang wa mat ai.
Sang lang mayu ai gaw gumgun gumhpai nat ngu ai
moi anhte jaw ai gumgun gumhpai nat ndai ni mana maka
masha hpe grai makawp maga ai, tinang hpe jaw jau ai kashu
kasha ni rai nga ai majaw, shanhte hpe jaw jau hkungga nga ai
nga nna makawp maga ai. N hkungga wa jang she gawa wa ai,
Kachin philo-quest
- 27 -
dai gaw n hkra ai da, hpyen la ni gaw wang kata de shang nna
dai kaw na hpyen ni mahkra hpe azat sat kabai kau nna lahtaw
du ni gaw dai Hkaw hpe sin taw nga ai. Sin taw nga yang
ngam taw nga ai ma kasha hte shan woi dwi hpe gaw hpunggyi
jawng langai kaw sa ap da ai. Dai ma kaba ai du hkra, Du tai
ram ai du hkra bau da ya mi ngu Sam hpunggyi (Mungmyit) ni
kaw ap kau da nna Hkaw hpe gaw Lahtaw Loi Hkaw ni sin da
ya ai.
La kasha asak (10) jan wa jang, dut lu dut sha chye
wa ai ten hpunggyi wa gaw shi hpe tsun ai, “Nang du kasha
re, nang hpaga yumga chye galaw ra na ndai, dai majaw nang
hpaga ga rawt su, htaw Balawng ga Loi Lung ga de Namsan
ga rai nga ai dai de gat wa dut su” ngu nna Lagup langai ma
galaw ya dat ai, “ndai Lagup nang galoi hkum raw yaw, hkum
shamat yaw” ngu htet dat let lagup n tsa kaw (“magwi n si
kawng n malaw”) ngu Sam ga hku ga makoi ka shakap dat
ya ai. Ma gaw lagup dai gup nna gat kaw gat dut, gat mari
nga yang Balawng Lawng Pe Hkawng kaw na salang ni gat
sa ai shaloi sa mu ai, dai ma a lagup ntsa na laika si hpe sa yu
“Magwi n si Kawng n malaw” ndai gaw lachyum rawng ai ga
she re ngu nna “ndai wa du kasha rai ang ai,” Ma hpe “nang
kanang na rai?, hpa baw rai sa a ni?” ngu san yang “Mungmyit
- 26 -
Dumhpawng wa hpe mahtang jaw ai, raitim Du La Wa hte Zau
Tang wa gaw myihtoi lahkum rai n lu ai.
Masha nat tai ai nat dai ni hpe gaw gumgun gumhpai
nat ngu ai re. Ndai ni gaw kashu kasha ni hpe makawp maga na
matu lit nga ai gumgun gumhpai nga ai, hpa raitim kashu kasha
ni hpe gun tawn da ai ni, kashu kasha ni a nga mu nga mai ai
lam hpe hpai tawn da ya ai ni, si hkrung si htan hpyen majan
ndai hpe hpai tawn da ya ai ni re. Ya ndai gumgun gumhpai
ngu ai kaji kawoi nat ndai ni gaw kaga nat ni hpe dang kau ai.
Shanhte hpe gaw hkungga jaw tim Nga hkungga jaw ai. Wa
hkungga pyi n jaw ai, Kaba dik ai hkungga gaw ndai ni hpe
jaw ai re. Kachyi kachyaw kawa ai nat ni hpe gaw nkau mi hpe
Wa jaw ai, U jaw ai, Gwi sat jaw nna shabawn ai re, toi kau
ai re. Raitim gumgun gumhpai nat gumja ni hpe gaw shanhte
a hkungri mung nhku kaw she re. Nta nhku Daw dap jut kaw
na hkungri hpe gaw nat shagyam ngu ai, pinra kaw jaw ai. Dai
gaw nhku nat mung nga ai, Gumgun gumhpai nat mung nga ai,
masha nat mung nga ai, dai gaw Masha nat nan rai sai.
Ya Miwa ni hte grai bung ai hku re. Kaji kawoi ni a
sumla nta kaw naw taw nga ai. Anhte Jinghpaw ni gaw nta
kaw naw ai sha n re, kaja wa hkungga jaw let shanhte hpe
grai hkungga ai hku re. Majan sa na majan hkrum sai nga jang
Kachin philo-quest
- 23 -
dai gumgun gumhpai nat ni hpe shaga ra ai, myihtoi yu nna
gumgun gumhpai nat ni hpe san ai, “Gai ya anhte majan rawt
na rai sai, dai ni hte gasat ra sai, anhte htim na i ? n htim ra ai
i? gara hku di na i?” ngu san, “htim mu” nga jang gaw htim,
htim jang gaw majan de kadai dai sa na ngu ai dai hpe jaba bai
wawt yu ai, shaman gapaw nna jaba wawt yu yang sa mai ai
nga shamawn hpru ai wa sa na, n hpru ai nga jang nang n mai
sa, nta kaw nga, mare kaw nga nna mam htu, majan jarik tam,
gat sa jum sa mari, hpawmi ni mahkawn ni hte mam htu n-gu
htu nna majan de lusha sa jaw, nga sat shan jahkraw hkraw nna
sa jaw, nai ni Wahkum si ni sa jaw rai nna; shamawn n hpru
ai ni gaw mare nta kaw nga ra ai hku re. Shamawn hpru sai
ni gaw sa rai nna nat gumja gumgun gumhpai nat ni hpe Nga
hkungga kaba jaw nna shanhte hpe shaga ai majan kaw garum
la mi ngu hkungga jaw ai. Bai ndai Mu nat zawn re ai, Sinlap
nat zawn re ai, Jan hku nat zawn re ai ni hpe Wa langai langai
hkungga jaw ai.
Ga shadawn: Sakse madun na nga yang, moi nye kaji ke ni a
prat myen mung hta English ni garai n up ai ten, Mungmyit
Du (Zaw Bwa Wa) a gawk nu kaw Mungmyit Zaw Bwa ni hte
anhte Lahtaw ni, Loi Gaw Du ni gaw Mungmyit hte ni htum ai
Loi Gaw mare ( ya Loi Hkaw ni jinghpaw mung de htawt wa
- 24 -
masai) ndai ni hte Mungmyit Du ni gaw Mai sak hpaga rau ga
ai jinghku rai taw nga ai. Mungmyit gawk nu hpe Mung Leng
Du ni sa gashun la kau ai. Mungmyit Hkaw hpe bai je la ra sai
nga nna Lahtaw Du ni sha n rai Nhkum ni, Lahpai ni, Maran
ni hpe shaga nna “Bai! kaning di na kadai mung kadai tinang a
nat shagreng nna she sa ga ngu nna,” Maran ni mung shanhte a
Ning Yan wa hpe shaga, Nhkum ni mung shanhte a Gum Ja La
wa hpe shaga, lahpai ni mung Nga Hkyu wa hpe shaga hkung-
ga yawng jaw rai nna “yawng hkum sani ngu yang hkum sai”
Mu nat ni, Sinlap nat ni, Jan nat ni hpe wa nawng jaw rai majan
sa mat wa ma ai.
Mung Leng hpyen ni gaw dai Hkaw wang hpring,
Mungmyit Du gumgai hte ma kasha kaji shan lahkawng hk-
rai sha ngam da ai, hpyen ni gaw shan woi dwi hpe Hkaw
makau na lagat hpun hpung rawng mana maka re ai kata npu
kaw htawng langai mi galaw nna sharawng tawn da, dai kaw
shanhte gaw sa wang ma ai shanhte wang shang wa ai hte Mu
“Dem” nga marang chyit chyit nga htu nna Mu mung “dem”
Hkaw hpe wa wang shang wa ai shaloi dai lagat hpun kaba
hpe Mu sanit lang achye ai majaw lagat hpun dai gaw mahkra
hpyai daw mat ai.
Du gumgai shan woi dwi hpe rawng tawn da ai htawng
Kachin philo-quest
- 25 -
ai ngu gaw, laika n lu ai majaw masat masa galaw da na hpa
mung n lu ai. Kade galaw gade shakut majan kade dang ai nga
timung gahkaw garang sha tim matsing da na nlung hta kawk
ka da ai mung hpa n nga, hkum pup tawng hta ka da ai mung n
nga, hpri kaw tawk da ai mung n nga, magri pa kaw tawk da ai
mung n nga, nga dam timung Miwa hku she bai rai nga ai.
Shingrai nna anhte amyu masha ni hpe masat na laika
wa n lu ai majaw magrau grang gaw grai grang na saga ai,
gasat mung grai gasat na saga ai, dang mung grai dang na saga
ai, hpaji mung grai chye na saga ai; Miwa ni gawn dan ai hku
nga yang Jinghpaw ni nlung prat hta nlung sumpyi mung wawt
dum sai, nlung Hturen sumpyi re nga ai majaw Hturen ndai
gaw Jinghpaw a madum sumpyi re nga nna Miwa ni gaw masat
masa galaw ai. Ndai nlung sumpyi hpe carbon hte shadawn dat
yang shaning hkying 7 na sai, BC hku rai yang gaw hkying 5
ning daram nlung prat kaw na anhte gaw nlung hpaji chye taw
nga sai.
Raitim anhte masat masa hpa mung n nga ai, kadai
galaw da ai raitim tinang si jang tinang lupwa kaw lup shala-
wm kau ai bai rai, shi hte seng ai shi a arai mahkra gaw shi si
jang la wa u ga nga nna lup kaw yawng htawm bang kau dat ya
ma ai. Dai majaw arung arai masat masa hpa mung anhte kaw
- 42 -
ngu sasana sara Kincaid hpe dai tsun dan ai. Dai majaw “aw..
ndai ni gaw Karai Kasang hpe chye ai ni rai ma ai, Christan tai
jang gaw Karai hpung shingkang rawng na ni re, Karai marai
pru na ni re, Karai lawm ai masha ni rai na re” sasana sara ni
dai hpe mu ma ai. Sara Kincaid, Sara Hkushing ni gaw Sam
ni hpe sasana galaw na matu lung wa ai she Sam ni hte mana
maka shai ai, naw zai taw ai jumhpaw ni hte wa hkrum ai ten
dai ni tsun wa ai majaw “Nanhte jumhpaw ni mana maka n
hkru ai gumshem ai nga le, taw kaning rai nna dai daram ram
n hkru ai gumshem ai zai mit ni?” ngu yang “ Shanhte grau
zai ai gaw, anhte hpe roi ai majaw she shanhte hpe azat ai re,
dai majaw she re, hka... nanhte shanhpraw ni gaw anhte hpe
hpa n roi ai, hpa n di ai gaw nanhte manam rai tim anhte grai
hkungga ai” nga ai hku rai nga ai.
Anhte Jinghpaw ni gaw nta nhku shang yang manam
rai tim grai hkungga ai, shada rai jang grau hkungga ai, mayu
wa rai jang grai hkungga ai, dama wa hpe grai hkungga ai,
hpunau nga jang grai hkungga ai. Sasana sara ni gaw, “Oh....
ndai ni gaw masha myit rawng ai ni she rai ma ai, dai ma-
jaw n hkru ai hpe n ra ai ni rai ma ai” hpe chye mat ai.
Anhte Jumhpaw ni hkai ai maumwi mausa lam ni gaw
bung ai, shara ni hpa ni hkai ai hta loi shai ai sha re, bung ai
Kachin philo-quest
- 31 -
gaw yawng bung ai, jinghpaw ni yawng dai hku nga pra hkrat
wa ai re. Hkai ai ni loi loi matsing ai daram hkai ai nga yang
malap kau ai ni law ai, atsawm n matsing kau ai ni nga ai, dai
majaw hkai shai mat wa ai re. Yawng mu nna hkai ai n rai, hkai
hkrat wa ai hpe jawm matut hkai ai re majaw hkai shai mat wa
ai re. Tak tsun ai ni mung bai lawm “shing rai nna rai na sai”
dai ni hpe she “shing re da” nga nna dai hku hkai mat wa ai
re. Shi a masa gaw anhte a ginru ginsa aru gaw bung mat wa
ai, dai lakung lakying ni loi loi shai mat wa ai re. Sha-u ing ai
mung yawng bung nga ai, ndai lam ni yawng tsun nga ma ai.
Anhte ginru ginsa hkrat mat wa ai ni amyu myu re, tinang my-
ing kaning re mying wa ai ni mung bung nga ai.
Anhte a makam masham, shinggyim masha ni Phillo-
siphy rai nga ai makam masham hku na yu wa ai anhte a dai
ni na ga hku (faith and action) anhte a hkap la tawn ai makam
masham gaw anhte a sak hkrung lam hta kade daram hkrang
pru nga ai ngu ai hta sak se rai nga ai. Nye ji woi ji wa ni a
lam mabyin masa sat lawat hpe tsun wa ai gaw n dai rai nga ai,
anhte a makam masham hta mi kaw nna Karai Kasang nga ai
hpe gaw kam chyalu re. Bai nna nat ngu ai gaw Karai Kasang
a n pu na anhte dai ni jaw nga ai, anhte hte ganawn nga ai ni
re. Ganawn ai hta kaja ai mung nga ai n kaja ai mung nga ai,
- 32 -
de na gaw Sara Hanson lawm ai. Jinghpaw de na gaw Sara Sut
Nau lawm ai, Sara Ing Ram lawm ai.
Dai komiti kaw nna bawng ai hta Jinghpaw ni a matu
primary (lawu tsang) madang du hkra sha gaw Jinghpaw laika
hpe atsawm sha sharin ra ai lam yawng myit hkrum nna Jingh-
paw ni nga ai shara shagu na jawng, Asuya jawng, Sasana
jawng yawng kaw Jinghpaw laika text book hpe sharin na hku
Asuya kaw nna (jyXmef;) na matu Ginwang Hpaji Dap kaw nna
zuphpawng galaw let sara Ing Ram hpe jawng kaji, tsang lan-
gai, tsang lahkawng, tsang masum du hkra lit jaw let text book
ka lajang shangun ai hte shangut da sai. Tsang mali gaw text
book rai n lu ka lajang ai majaw, sara Ing Ram shawng e gale
da ai Christan Buhkawm laika (madang tsawm ra tsaw sai,
makam masham nan hkai ai laika buk) hpe hti sharin shangun
ai, ndai gaw Jinghpaw laika hta madang tsaw dik rai sai re.
Sara Ing Ram gaw tsang mali du hkra kachin text book hpe
galaw tawn da ya ai. Dai majaw anhte kaba wa ai shaloi tsang
mali du hkra dai hku sharin wa ai re. Tsang mali gaw bum ga
kaw n hpaw ai Asuya san poi shang ra ai majaw hpaji up ni du
lu ai Asuya san poi san lu ai shara mare kaba (myo) de she sa
lung ra ai.
Lai sai ten anhte nga hkrat wa ai hpa majaw n grin
Kachin philo-quest
- 41 -
ai majaw kahpu re law” nga Miwa mung na Jinghpaw ni gaw
dai hku sawn la ma ai. Dai majaw anhte Jinghpaw laika ndai
gaw Asuya kaw tara shang (rSwfyHkwif) da sai. English Asuya up
ai ten Sara kaba Hanson gaw Asuya kaw Jinghpaw laika hpe
tara shang (rSwfyHkwif) galaw ai, Chyum Laika gale ai ndai hpe
mungkan libray de bang sai. Dai hku na mungkan chye hkra
shi galaw sai. Jinghpaw laika sharin na matu Asuya Hpaji dap
kaw na nan (jyXmef;) ai.
1916 ning hta Sara Kaba Hanson ni Sara Kaba Rob-
ert ni Jinghpaw laika lu sai majaw Jinghpaw ni hpe Jinghpaw
laika chye na matu jawng kaw nan sharin ra ai, jawng kaw sha
n sharin yang gaw Jinghpaw laika ndai gaw n grin na re. Dai
majaw jawng laika hpaji hte seng ai hpaji hta grai kung ai grai
ram ai Sara Ing Ram (Yangon Cushing jawng sara) hpe Nam-
hkam ga de htawt la ai.
Asuya hpe tang madun ai lam ni galaw ai, woi lajang ai
wa gaw Sara Kaba Hanson re, Jinghpaw laika hpe jawng kaw
lu sharin na matu Manmaw kaw komiti langai hpaw ai. Man-
maw Ginwang kaw nna hpaji Du wa gaw Hkristan re raitim
Myen she re, shi hpe gaw tingnyang up galaw shangun ai,
ginjaw (XmecsKyf) kaw na masha kaba ni lawm ai, dai ni gaw
Christan ni re. Catholic de na bishop Gilhot lawm ai. Hkalup
- 40 -
n kaja ai ni gaw chyasam rai nga ai, kaja ai ni gaw ru sai ni ai
anhte hpe makawp maga ai ni rai nga ai.
Kachin hte Identity
Anhte a identity gaw anthropology hku nna bai gawn
ra sai, ya anhte a culture, anhte a thought hte anhte a culture
anhte hkap la ai phillosophy hte anhte hkan sa ai shani shagu
na (practical life) shani shagu jai lang mat ai ni hpe tsun nga ai,
hpang jahtum gaw ndai ni rai nga ai. Rai tim original gaw an-
thropology expert ni miman hpe yu, sat lawat hpe yu, shanhte
a hkai ai labau ni hpe yu nna, ndai ni gaw gara kaw na hpang
wa nna gara hku kaning rai ginru ginsa hkrat ai ni ngu ai hpe
chye lu na hku re. Anhte kaning rai na prat galai wa ai lam
hpe tsun ai re, culture ngu ai gaw shawng nnan e cult (makam
masham) kaw nna she practical life hpe form galaw mat wa ai
re.
Bai nna nga shara ginra hta hkan nna, hkyen bum e
nga ai ni a culture thought form gaw kaga rai na re, kahtet ga
nga ai ni, laru rat ga nga ai ni hte panglai de nga ai ni langai
hte langai a htunghking ni gaw kaga ga gaw rai mat wa na re.
Raitim anhte jinghpaw wunpawng sha ni anhte nga hkrat wa
ai anhte a lamu ga ginra (region) origin gara kaw na nga hkrat
Kachin philo-quest
- 33 -
wa ai kaning rai na anhte nga hkrat wa ai hpe yu ra na re. Dai
majaw ya prat gaw anhte a identity majing gaw hpabaw re ai
dai ni hpe anthropology hte historical research fact hku nna
she shachyaw la ra nga ai. Dai ni a ga sha n rai yang shawa,
mungkan e hkap la na mung n loi ai, dai ni a ga lawm yang she
masat masa jaw ya lu nga ai. Ya Miwa ni shanhte sawk ai hta
Miwa culture expert ni, Asuya ahkaw ahkang lu ai ndai ni nan
lawm nna hkan pawm ya, guide galaw ya rai nna galaw hkrat
wa ai rai mali ai. Shanhte galaw ai lam ni hpe shareng ya ai
myit hkrum ya ai lam ni nga ai, grai authority nga ai hku nna
galaw ai.
Ya anhte mung ndai zawn re ai lam ni lawan wan myit
ra na nhten. Ya hpa rai ta nga yang anhte hpe moi gaw jumh-
paw mung nga, jinghpaw su mung nga ai, Singhpaw mung nga
ai, tinghpaw mung ngu ai. Ya anhte gaw jinghpaw bai nga,
Lhaovo nga, Zaiwa nga dai hku bai rai wa. Kachin ngu ai gaw
anhte shamying la ai mying bai n rai. Kachin ngu ai gaw myen
ni, sasana ni she shamying ya ai she re. Moi sasana ni a prat hta
gaw “nanhte kadai bu, kadai ni law?” ngu san yang tinang nga
ai ga hpe law malawng tsun ma ai, “anhte gahkyeng ga na sa
ai ni rai ga ai, gahkyeng ni rai nga ga ai.” nga jang she sasana
sara ni gaw “hkyeng” ngu ai “hky” hpe tsun n manu ai majaw
- 34 -
a empire re nga nna shamying la, Yudia (Thailand) de mung
sa gasat ai, lama dang kau yang gaw (Thailand )mung myen
ni a empire kaw lawm mat na sha rai nga ai. Rakhaing de sa
gasat nna dang kau ai re majaw Rakhaing mung gaw Rakha-
ing ni a mung dan n rai mat sai, myen empire kata e shang mat
sai. Mon ni mung myen empire kata kaw rai mat sai. Anhte
Jinghpaw ni hpe gaw Myen ni Assam de majan gasat ai rai
tim Jinghpaw share shagan ni garum la nna arau majan pawng
gasat ai majaw Myen gaw up lu hkra n rai lu ai, majan wa sum
ai majaw Jinghpaw ga hpe claim n lu galaw ai re. Assam hpe
lama dang kau nna Assam hpe lama myen lu up yang anhte
Jinghpaw mung myen empire kata kaw rawng mat na chyalu
rai nga ai. Mahar Bandu La hpe myen wa kumhpa jaw up sha
shangun ai re, hkan se hta sha shangun ai shara re ngu nna
shanhte labau hta dai hku ka bang kau na sha rai nga ai.
Dai majaw anhte a labau gawn hpang wa ai jarit
gaw laika lu ai kaw nna sha re. Kadai mi n na ra yang mung
n na ra, nat jaw wa n na ra tim gara hku n chye di ai. Miwa wa
gaw dai chye na mat sai, “ndai ni laika lu ai kaw nna myu kaba
jahpan hta shang wa sai” ngu hpe chye ai majaw htunghking
salang ni tsun ai “anhte dai galaw ga, Miwa ni hpe nanhte kah-
pu ni she re” ngu yang “n re ai nanhte ni she laika shawng lu
Kachin philo-quest
- 39 -
ai majaw ndai hte lu la da saga ai ngu n mai sawn la nga ai,
madu galaw sha lu ai daram sha rai mat ai. Raitim madu lu
ai ahkaw ahkang gaw laika n lu ai majaw kadai hte mung
contract n galaw tawn da ai, sakse sakgan hku nna ri nhtu
re ni jaw hkat ai gaw arai sha re majaw mat mat ai baw sha
rai nga ai, lang jin lang htum jang tawn kau ai baw arung
arai sha re majaw sak se sak gan (proof) hpa mung n nga
ai, grin ai proof n tai ai.
Langai gaw anhte laika n lu ai a majaw, amyu langai mi
hku nna grai magrau grang hkrat wa ai Miwa hkaw hkam pyi
gan tai ai raitim, hkaw hkam langai mi mung n lu shadun lu ai,
jinghpaw mare langai mi pyi n lu de ai, anhte lamu ga re ngu
sakse n lu madun ai. Myen wa kabye du sai ga gaw myen ga rai
mat sa, myen wa gaw n lu up tim mung Assam ga wa gabye da
sai, hkaw hkam wa kabye kau da ai shara gaw hkaw hkam ga
rai mat sai, moi na ni gaw dai hku she myit sawn la ai re, hkaw
hkam wa hte hpyen hpung ni gabye ai shara gaw anhte gabye
la ai shara rai sai nga nna shi hkrai dai hku rai mat ai. Jauman
ni hte contract wa n galaw da timung maumwi hkai nna Hkaw
Hkam wa hte hpyen hpung ni sa gabye da sai ngu ai hpe claim
galaw ai.
Dai majaw Hugawng ga mung myen Hkaw Hkam ni
- 38 -
“Kahkin” nga dai hku tsun ma ai, “gahkyeng kaw na kahkin,
hpang jahtum gaw Kachin” nga ai de gale wa ai re. Sara kaba
Robert ni prat e gaw “Kahkyeng” ni naw nga ai, hpang
jahtum daw sara Hanson ni a prat du wa mahka shaloi
“Kachin” nga tsun gale lang mat wa ai re. Kadai kaw na
“Kachin”ngu hpang wa ai pyi n chye ai hku re. Sasana ni
gaw “Kahyeng” nga anhte hpe shamying ai re.
Ya na “Kachin” ngu ai gaw anhte a identity majing gaw
n rai nga ai, “u - csifvdkY” Kachyin ngu ai re amyu myu nga dai
ni gaw yu nna tak tsun ai she re, sawn yu na tak tsun ai rai nga
ai. Chying tawt kaw na lawt pru wa ai re majaw jinghpaw ngu
ai re nga, chying amya hpaw nna pru wa ai re majaw jinghpaw
ngu ai re nga dai ni mung tak tsun ai lam sha rai nga ai. Anhte
gaw kam ging ai fact n nga ai majaw dai hku na rai mat wa ai
re. Sasana sara ni anhte hpe “Gahkyeng” nga ai gaw sakse
madun lu mai nga ai. Kadai ni ngu ai di nna madun lu ai, Gah-
kyeng ni ngu ai mung nga taw ai rai, Sara Kincaid a lam mung
kaja wa anhte ga du yu sai sasana sara re hpe mung yawng
chye taw nga ai re, shi ka da ai laika mahtang mung nga taw
nga ai majaw dai gaw proof nga ai. Shawng nnan e anhte hpe
“gahkyeng” nga ai raitim yawng a mying gaw bai n rai nga ai,
lamu ga langai mi “gahkyeng” ngu ai buga ginra langai sha
Kachin philo-quest
- 35 -
naw rai taw nga ai, shanhte nga ai buga ginra hpe lakap nna
tsun ai she re, shamying la ai she re.
Moi anhte kaba wa ai shaloi mung dai hku sha re “nanhte kadai ni rai ma ta?” nga jang anhte nga ai kahtawng gaw Man Seng e rai nga ai, dai majaw “Man Seng ni rai nga ai lo” dai hku sha tsun ai re. “kadai kasha ni rai mani?” nga san yang she kadai kadai ngu tsun ai re. Dai majaw ya anhte gaw Miwa ni a lam gawn yu nna anhte a lam kaning nga tsun nga ma ai, hkai nga ma ai shanhte a museum kaw gara hku madun tsun da ma ai hpe gawn yu, shanhte hkai ai labau laika ni hkan yu nna anhte jinghpaw ni hpe kadai ni matsing nga ma ai ngu ai hpe mung gawn la mai nga ai. Tibet ni kade daram anhte hpe chye ai lam ni, Miwa ni anhte hpe galoi kaw nna chye ai, kade daram chye ai, Kala ni anhte hpe galoi kaw nna chye ai, kade daram chye ai, Myen ni kade ram chye ai ndai ni anhte gawn la nna anhte gara kaw na kaning rai pra hkrat wa ai ni re ngu ai hpe gawn la sawk la mai nga ai.
Amyu Langai tai wa ai lam
Amyu langai mi wa tai ai gaw anhte laika wa lu ai
kaw nna she amyu langai tai wa ai re. Moi prat laika n lu ai
shaloi gaw labau ka da na kadai n nga, Miwa Hkaw Hkam sa
- 36 -
tai ai langai mi chyawm tai sai nga ma ai, raitim nau gumshem
ai majaw Miwa ni shachyut kau nna Jinghpaw ni Hkaw Hkam
bai n lu tai mat ai nga Miwa salang ni gaw dai hku hkai ma ai
da (Du mahtu naw tsun dan ai). Dai lam ni gaw nga ai raitim
ginru ginsa nga pra hkrat wa let wa galaw ang ai mabyin lam
re, grin ai mung n rai, hkaw hkam amyu bai n rai nga ai.
Chyum laika hta mung Yosep gaw mayam she re tim
hkaw hkam sa tai, ram jang gaw hkaw hkam tai mai nga ai, tim
prat tup tai ai baw n rai nga ai, hkaw hkam kasha hkaw hkam
sai bai n re majaw shi ngut jang gaw ngut mat sai sha rai nga ai.
Kashu kasha ni hpe gaw mi na zawn sha mayam sha bai masat
mat ai sha re.
Anhte ginru ginsa hkrat wa yang mung dai hku re, anhte
gaw bum masha re majaw bum hku yu hkrat wa ai, layang ga
nga hkrat wa jang gaw ganang ganang, ndai ni gaw anhte a
shara ngu na mung htaw ra daw de Jinghpaw ga ngu anthe
gara kaw mung n masat da ai, madu gaw madu taw nga sai
raitim masha ni chye hkra n lu masat ai. Miwa ni hte anhte
myit hkrum nna ndai hte gaw nanhte jinghpaw du ni up mu
ngu na contract ni, document ni sakse hte rai na mung bai n
nga, miwa ni hte gasat hkat nna n dai hte anhte dang la saga
ai ngu mung n mai tsun nga ai. Ndai hte anhte nga hkrat wa
Kachin philo-quest
- 37 -
Myen ni gaw jinghpaw laika hpe grai n ra ai, shanglawt
nnan lu ai ten jinghpaw laika gaw Myen (kabyi) hte n rai mat
ai, Kayin laika, Sam laika ni gaw (Myen kabyi) re, dai majaw
jinghpaw laika ndai hpe shanhte nau wa n ra sharawng ma
ai. Sara Adorniram Judsin (Yudathan) hpe shanhte dai daram
mara n shagun ai shi gaw Myen laika pyi sharawt ya ai Myen
dictionary galaw ya ai, Myen ga hku tara hkaw ai, Myen lai-
ka hpe grai sawk ai dai majaw Myen laika hpe jahpu ya ai,
Myen hku nawku na hku shi galaw ai majaw sara Yudathan
hpe shanhte dai daram myit n machyi ai. Myit machyi dik ai
gaw sara Hanson hpe re, Hkang ni na laika mung anhte lang
ai laika sha re, Rawang ni lang ai hte bung ai, Rawang ni hte
Hkang ni na laika gaw capital letter hku nna sha law mai ka ai,
nhti nhtang mung lawm ai majaw type writer galaw na mung
yak ai.
Ya anhte a laika gaw English laika hte maren mai lang
mat ai. Anhte Jinghpaw laika hta “wa, Wa” nga ai hpe anhte
jinghpaw ni ka lang yang gaw manu ai, dai hpe sara kaba Crid-
er gaw grai myit hkrum ai, “nanhte na laika gaw nsen lung
lung yu yu maka n nga ai, ka ai shaloi mung dai n ra ai, hti ai
shaloi ndai gaw Jinghpaw ga hpe shareng ai dai nan re. Jingh-
paw ga sha n chye shaga ai wa gaw dai n chye hti na re, ndai
- 54 -
n nga ai, laika masat masa mung n nga ai majaw anhte kade
ram magrau grang hkrat wa ai rai tim anthe matsing da na lam
mung n nga mat ai. Anhte kade hkik lai wa timung masat masa
hpa n nga wa ai, dai gaw laika n lu ai a majaw byin ai lam lan-
gai re.
Bai langai gaw anhte a lamu ga n lu masat da ai,
ndai hte gaw anhte a lamu ga re anhte ga re, anhte mungdan re
ngu nna gara kaw mung lamu ga jarit hte hkrak, makau grup
yin na Hkaw Hkam Hkaw Seng du magam amyu ni hte myit
hkrum ai laika sakse satgan hte hpa mung n lu galaw da ai.
Hkaw Hkam mung anhte n san da lu ai. Mare n de da lu ai,
Lamu ga n masat da lu ai sha dai hku ginru ginsa nga hkrat wa
ai re.
Lahkawng hta gaw Nawku htung, nat jaw hpe gaw
nawku htung ngu kadai n masat ai, animism (nsoi nsa naw ai ni
rai ma ai) sha rai nga ai. Dai majaw nsoi nsa rawng ai mahkra
hpe naw ai ni re, shanhte hpe jaw jau ai mung amyu myu rai
nga ai, jaw jau ai htunghking mung n bung, kadai mung kadai
chye ai hku jaw jau ai, anhte nat jaw ai htung hpe gaw nawku
htung ngu nna dai ni du hkra nawku htung langai hku kadai
n masat ai. Makam masham hku gaw masat ai, raitim nawku
htung hku gaw n mai masat ai hku re.
Kachin philo-quest
- 43 -
Hkrsitan, Hindu ni hpe gaw yawng e masa langai htung
langai hku nna masat ai. Masha daw wa hpe kahkyin lu hkra
re htung rai yang she nawku ai htung langai mi hku shanhte
masat ai re. Anhte gaw nawku htung mung n lu masat ai,
anhte myit hkrum ai gaw nga timung anhte shada chyu
gasat hkat nna aten shama mat wa ai re. Mayu wa hpe n
hkungga ai nga nna Dama wa hpe jahte sa tam sa gasat dat.
Maran wa a lamu ga hpe Lahtaw wa myu mi sa di ya jang
maran wa gaw lahtaw wa hpe bai gasat. Nau wa si htum wa
sai nga jang she n jaw sai nga nna Mayu wa hpe ndai daram
sat gaw n mai, Dama wa hpe ndai daram sat n mai, hpunau ni
shada ndai daram rai gaw n mai ai law htinglu htinglai saga
nga nna kasa shaga bai htinglu htinglai la, bai shapyaw la ai.
Ning rai achya hkrat wa ai ni re. Majan byin ai lam gaw hkyen
lu hkyen sha ai majaw mung re, gyam lu gyam sha ai majaw
mung byin ai re. Shada da shawa hkat, ga law hkat, chyi hkat,
achya hkat nna nga hkrat wa ai re.
Dai majaw laika n lu ai majaw masat masa hpa mung n
lu tawn da ai, lahkawng gaw nawku htung n lu ai majaw anhte
a makam masham hpe shangang shakang na matu n mai ai.
Dinghku langai hte langai kam ai, gumgun gunhpai nat mung
kaga ga she re, ngai kam ai nat, shi kam ai nat kaga ga re ma-
- 44 -
hkra hte yawng myit hkrum sai, yawng lang na myit hkrum sai,
lang mai sai rai yang dai grin mat na rai nga ai. Ya lang nga ai
sara Hanson a laika ndai mung moi kalang mi anhte lang lai wa
ai laika re ngu ai hku naw mai dip ai, naw mai lang ai, English
ni mung version grai law hkra dip nga ma ai, version langai hte
langai dip na lang nga ma ai, gara dip dat dat yawng chye hti
nga ai, sara Hanson a laika mi dip dat tim yawng chye hti nga
ai. Ya na wunpawng laika hku dip dat timung ndai mung chye
hti nga ai, nsen sha shai na re, Lhaovo nsen hpe gaw Lhaovo
hku ka, Lachid nsen hpe gaw Lachid hku ka, Rawang nsen hpe
Rawang hku ka la mai hkra anhte galaw kau ra ai. Dai hku rai
yang anhte a myu sha laika langai mai byin mat wa ai.
Raitim Hanson laika nga ai kaw wunpawng laika bai
jai lang na nga yang challange gaw wa byin na re, lang mai
ai nga yang lang na sha rai nga ai, ndai mung naw mai lang ai
nga yang lang na sha rai nga ai. Ndai lahkawng masum gaw n
lang saga law nga lani mi na aten hta shing nga du wa na ra ai,
ya gaw dai hku ahkaw ahkang naw jaw nna lang nhtawm gara
wa grau lang manu yang dai wa grin mat na re, tim aten gaw
la ra ai, amyu langai mi a labau ngu ai gaw laning mi hte sha
mai byin ai baw n re, prat a yi ngam maka hta hkan nna amyu
langai mi shalat shangai sa wa ai re.
Kachin philo-quest
- 53 -
mi mung n ngam hkra lu jum ai lu hkra ai gaw KBC sha re,
mying jahpan yawng hta tawn da chyalu re. Sharin shaga ai
lam nawku jawng sa ai lam yawng hkam la chyalu re, bungli
galaw ga nga yang yawng maren, yawng rau shamu shamawt
ai. Asuya nan n ngu tim Asuya hkrang hku nna sa taw nga ai
re, Miwa ni gaw dai hku mu mada ma ai.
Hpung lam ndai hpe kadai hpa mi nga nga anhte
rawt wa ai gaw teng man ai nawku htung rai nga ai Yesu
a nawku htung dai langai mi hte rawt lawan wa ai re. Moi
gaw gasat hkrai gasat hkat amya yu wa ai ni ya gaw hkrum wa
nga ai. Ya bai bra wa nga ai, “dai Jinghpaw laika dai mi gaw
moi sara Hanson galaw da ai she re gaw, masha ni sa galaw ya
ai she re, anhte nan galaw la ra ai Lhaovo wa mung galaw la
na kadai mung galaw la na kaga ga galaw la saga myu kaga ga
tai wa ga dai hku byin wa nga ai. Laika chyawm gaw n shut ai
Lhaovo hku lu ka hkra, lu shaga hkra, chyum laika mung gale
sai, mahkawn mangwi gale ya sai, laika anhte galaw ya sai, rai
timung n mai bra mat ai, n mai garan mat ai.
Sara Ja Gun galaw ai Jinghpaw laika hpe yawng tang
madun yu, yak ai lam, galai ra ai lam ni hpe yawng a ningmu
hpe hkap la nna ndai hku rai yang kaja htum rai na re ngu bai
gram la, shangang la nna mung masha ni hpe grau sang lang
- 52 -
jaw makam masham hta kahkyin gumdin na n lu ai. Anhte
gaw galaw lu galaw sha nhkan e shada da chyu gasat hkat,
kanawn mazum, Mayu Dama kahpu kanau shada roi hkat ai,
dip hkat ai nga chyu hkai nna shawa hkat gasat amya hkrat wa
ai majaw anhte hta e ngang kang ai htunghking n lu ai. Ngang
kang ai htunghking n lu jang amyu langai mi ngu nna anhte n
mai masat ai. Kade mi aprat galu tim amyu langai mi ngu nna
kadai n mai masat ai, dai masa hta anhte nga mat ra ai re.
Jinghpaw Laika
Anhte ya gaw gara kaw sha she mai byin wa ai i nga
yang laika lu hpang ai kaw na re. Sasana sara ni Sara Hanson
mung laika galaw ai gaw grai ahkyak ai re lam, mat n mai ai
grai shakut let galaw da ai re. Jinghpaw laika hpe mungkan
ting hkap la mai ai laika byin hkra galaw ai. Myen (uAsOf;) hte
ka ga nga jang gaw myen ni Kala ni gaw lu hti ai. Raitim Inter-
national madang nga yang myen laika hkum hku nna jinghpaw
nsen mahkra n lu rim nga ai, mungkan de nsen hkrawn hkrang
hkra n lu shabra ai.
Sara kaba Dr. Ja Gun tsun ai Thailand Payap Univer-
sity kaw shi nga ai shaloi myen hku shagun ai laika ni gaw n du
ai da, Thai ni gaw myen laika n chye hti jang kabai kau ya ai,
Kachin philo-quest
- 45 -
jinghpaw laika rai yang gaw shalai ya ai da “Chiang mai nga
hpe, chang mai” Jinghpaw hku ka tim laika si ni loi bung ai
majaw shalai ya ai da. Sara Hanson anhte hpe ya na jinghpaw
ga si ni hte galaw da ya ai gaw kaja dik rai sai. Nsen mung
amyu myu mai shapraw la ai, ya Lhaovo nsen mung ndai kaw
na bai galaw la nna nsen mai shapraw nga ai. Lachid nsen ni
mung dai hte maren laika hkum hpe galaw dat jang mai byin
mat ai sha rai nga ai. Dai majaw grai ngangkang ai laika hkum
re. Ndai hpe galaw ngut jang Sara Kaba Hanson gaw (rSwfyHk-
wif) ai, dictionary mung galaw ai, Chyum laika gale ai dai ni
yawng tang ai. Mungkan e masat masa galaw ai, shi lung wa ai
Rocherster university kaw nna Doctor of Literature degree shi
hpe jaw ai. Myen mung a Govenor gaw jinghpaw dictionary
galaw shapraw ai majaw Sara Hanson hpe myen gumhpraw
dengga (400) jaw ai.
Bai nna English hkaw hkam wa gaw shi hpe Kaizahin
ngu ai shagrau mying jaw ai. Dai ten gaw India mung kaw
nna up ai ten re majaw india mung na Viceroy wa gaw social
sevice hta ningtawn ningla galaw ai wa ngu nna social service
distinctive shagrau ai. Myen mung asuya, India hte British
Empire yawng myit hkrum let masat masa laika galaw da ai.
Dai majaw ndai Jinghpaw laika gaw ngang kang dik ai amyu
- 46 -
(20) laika buk (20) gaw chyum jawng kaw nna ayan pru wa ra
ai. Bai nna Magazine Journal ni shata mi (2,3) gaw ayan pru
nga ra ai, jinghpaw hte english hku pru nga ra ai, shaloi she
anhte a jawng, anhte a amyu hpe kaga masha ni chye wa na re,
internet hte mung shapoi tik tik di ra ai, kadai hti yang mung
hti kadai madat yang mung madat hpa sha rai tim shapoi dat ra
ai.
Laika hte nawku htung gaw hpa mi nga nga moi nat
jaw rai ga tim ya gaw sara Hanson tsun ai “nanhte hkristan
tai wa, hpung shang wa ai shaloi, nanhte hkungri hpe sha
nat kau mu, nat hpe sha hkyawt kau mu, nat hpe gaw galoi
mung hkum jaw sa, nanhte hkungri mung atsai sha nat kau
mu, rai timung nanhte a htunghking hpe gaw hkum nat
shalawm kau, hkum kabai shalawm kau nanhte a htunghk-
ing hta Karai Kasang a lata hkang lagaw hkang grai lawm
ai, dai hpe chyum laika hte shagreng la mu, shangang la
mu” tsun ai, dai hpe ya anhte ni hpung hku woi awn ai, Miwa
ni gaw KBC hpe Asuya langai mi hku masat ai hku re, second
government nga ai, fi rst government gaw tara shang Asuya rai
nga ai, anhte n ra timung tara shang Asuya rai sai majaw hkap
la ra sai. Raitim jinghpaw mung hta second government gaw
KBC re, amyu masha, hpung masha, mare masha ni hpe langai
Kachin philo-quest
- 51 -
KTC bank nga nna hpaw da ma ai, dai kaw Jew hte English
gayau ai Loi Khaing ngu ai wa grai ram ai shi hpe manager
galaw shangun ma ai. Dai bank gaw grai mying kaba ai Kala
Miwa ni yawng dai kaw bang ma ai, Sam ni mung bang ma ai,
grai kangka ai, grai kam malu ai. Jinghpaw hpaga hpung nga
ai Myitkyina kaw hpaw ai hpaga hpung gaw Shanglawt nnan
lu ai hpang e Lazing Naw ni a seng kaw nna hpaw hpang wa
malu ai re. Manmaw ni mung hpaga hpung hpaw ma ai.
Hkristan, Jinghpaw Wunpawng Htunghking hte Ga
Anhte myu Wunpawng sha ni shawng nnan Laika hpe
shareng ra ai, Nawku htung, Jawng grai ahkyak ai, galaw lu
galaw sha mung jawng kaw sharin yang she kung wa mai ai,
maram masam ai hte sha gaw n dang ai, jawng kaw nan zai
ladat ni atsawm sha sharin ya ra ai, technic she jawng kaw mai
sharin ai re.
Mying gaw rai n rai nga ai anhte myu sha Jinghpaw
laika hpe atsawm hkrak lang lu hkra ndai hte hpa mung ka lu
hkra galaw ra ai. Dai majaw ngai Chyum jawng ni hpe n gun
jaw ai, professor law law shalaw, department law law hpaw ra
ai, professor (20,30) nga yang gaw laning mi English hku ka
ai, jinghpaw hku ka ai laika myu lahkawng n law htum volumn
- 50 -
sha laika nan rai sai.
Chyum Jawng hte Sasana Jawng
Sara Hanson (50) ning Ja jubilee kaw hpang jahtum
mungga hta htet da ai ga (4) nga ai.
(1) Amyu langai galu kaba wa na matu teng man ai nawku
htung lu ra ai, nanhte gaw yesu a nawku htung lu manit dai,
ndai hta galu kaba wa mu.
(2) Amyu langai galu kaba wa na matu amyu sha laika
ngu nga ra ai, nanhte hpe dai ni jinghpaw laika ngai galaw ya
sai jinghpaw laika lu manit dai ndai hte hpaji sharin la mu.
(3) Amyu langai galu kaba wa na matu jawng hte sara nga
ra ai, dai ni nanhte ndai laika mung lu sai Chyum laika mung
lu sai, mahkra lu manit dai majaw jawng hpaw mu, kahtawng
shagu jawng hpaw wa manu, nanhte nga ai shara shagu jawng
hpaw nna sharin la mu, sara tai sharawng mu. Sara tai ai hta
No. (1) gaw tara hkaw sara tai na sharawng mu, No. (2) jawng
sara tai na sharawng mu, shabrai sha na rai hkum tin, jawng
sara tai na hpe naw shawng sharawng mu.
(4) Amyu langai galu kaba wa na matu hpaji hte galaw lu
galaw sha chye ra ai, hpaji ladat hte chye galaw sha ra ai, ya
dai ni nanhte yi hkyen sha ai ngu ai gaw hpaji n ra ai, lamu ga
Kachin philo-quest
- 47 -
hpe yu, hpun kawa maling hpe yu, du hkra ladaw lamu hpe
mada yu nna yi hkyen ten rai sai nga jang sa hkyen dat, hkai
ten rai sai nga jang hkai dat, ndai kaw nai hkai yang mai ai nga
yang dai kaw nai sa lup dat, ndai kaw hkai nu hkai yang mai
ai nga yang hkai nu sa lup dat, lamu ga masa hpe yu nna hkai
sha ai gaw hpaji n re, maram masam machye machyang sha re,
hpaji nan chye nna galaw sha ra ai. Laksama ndup nhka zawn
re ai ni hking arung arai galaw ai ni yawng hkai lu hkai sha
hpaji hte sa wa ra ai.
Manmaw Robert jawng kaw laksama hpaji hte gapy-
awn nna sharin ai, Myitkyina KBS gaw ndup jawng hte gapy-
awn sharin ai, Zinlung jawng rai jang Da da jawng, Namhkam
jawng mung Da da jawng hte ta hpaji jawng gapyawn nna
sharin mat wa ai re.
Chyum jawng kaw gaw mahkra sharin ai, hkailu hkai-
sha ni tara shang diploma awng sai ni, Pinmana kaw hkaisun
jawng awng sai ni (Jan Mai Kawng kaw hpung up sara wa tai ai
ya n nga mat sai Sara Lahkang gaw Chyum jawng hte hkaisun
sara re), hkai lu hkai sha rem lu rem sha ndup, laksama mahkra
sharin ai. Ngai Kuthkai Chyum jawng nnan lung ai shaloi Sara
Sword lang ai arai re nga ndup rai ni sumdu sumnep sumht-
ing yawng hkrum hkra naw nga ai, laksama rai mung zing ret
- 48 -
da hpa da yawng hkum hkra naw nga ai, Chyum jawng kaw
nan ndup, laksama yawng sharin ai. Num kasha ni a matu lata
hpaji, ri da maka hpaji (Saranum Nang Seng gaw Mandalay
Domestic school kaw Diploma hte awng la ai, ri da maka hpaji
yawng chye ai, tara shang lekmat lu ai,) ni hpe Chyum jawng
kaw wa sharin shangun ai re.
Shanglawt lu ai hpang she anhte Jinghpaw ni hpe sasa-
na sara ni kau da na ten du wa ai shaloi she chyum jawng gaw
chyum laika hpe madung tawn nna hpung woi ai hpaji hpe
sharin na hku, kaga bawngring ai hpaji hpe gaw sasana jawng
hte buga hpung ni sharin manu ga ngu dai de madung dat mat
wa ai re. Ya chyum jawng kaw yawng hkum hkra n sharin mat
sai. Dai majaw sara kaba Hanson a numhtet ga hta “ndai (4)
grai a hkyak ai, teng man ai nawku htung, amyu sha laika,
hpaji jawng hte hpaji sara, galaw lu galaw sha hpaji ni
gaw atsawm sha kung ra chye ra ai, hpaji ladat hte galaw
sha ra ai” nga numhtet ai hku re. Anhte hpe hpaga yumga
n chye galaw ma ai nga nna mung grai hta ma ai, masha ni
kaw na chyu mari lang ai, gunrai galaw shapraw mung n chye
ai, hpaga kaba zawn re ai ni (company) hpaw rai nna n chye
galaw ai. Sam mung ni chyawm gaw Kachin Trading company
nga nna hpaw da ma ai, bank du hkra hpaw ma ai. Lashio kaw
Kachin philo-quest
- 49 -
- 66 -
chye hti na matu Jinghpaw ga shawng chye ra ai, Jinghpaw
laika sha chye nna Jinghpaw ga n chye yang hpa n tai ai. Laika
gaw kadai mung mai sharin la ai, mai chye ai, Jinghpaw ga sha
n chye yang gaw Jinghpaw laika jaw hkra kadai mung n chye
hti ai, Jinghpaw ga shareng ra ai gaw ndai kaw re” nga tsun
ai.
Jawng shagu hta Jinghpaw laika atsawm sha sharin ra
ai, Chyum jawng kaw Jinghpaw laika hpe nsen kaw nna mah-
kra laika hkum sha n re atsawm sharin ra ai. Jinghapw ga nsen
ni nem tsaw gara hku lang ai ngu ai ni hpe sharin ya ra, Kachin
language hpe language hpaji madang sharin ya ra ai. Sara kaba
Crider nan mung chyum jawng kaw jawnggawk (class) hpaw
ai, Jinghpaw laika gawk hpe hpaw ai, sara Zau Yaw hte anhte
ni hpe “nanhte Jinghpaw ga n chye ai ngai she chye ai” nga
tsun ai. Jinghpaw laika phonetic principle ni gaw anhte n chye
ai, sara shi she chye ai. Jinghpaw laika sharin sai nga yang
laika sha n re nsen du hkra amyu langai a nsen gaw gara hku
shapraw ai, Myen a nsen gara hku sa ai, Sam a nsen gara hku
sa ai, dai du hkra sharin ra ai, Jinghpaw laika hti Jinghpaw ga
ga yang gaw gara hku ngu ai hpe akri akrai sharin ra ai.
Sara Ja Gun tsun ai hta “myen ga gaw ladi nsen re da”
n-gup nsen, wa nsen nau n lawm ai ladi nsen grau law mala-
Kachin philo-quest
- 55 -
wng lawm ai. Dai majaw myen ni gaw Jinghpaw laika nga
mat ai hpe grai n ju, grai pawt ai, Myen mung masa salang
langai mi tsun ai hpe Jinghpaw la langai mi na la kau ai
“Kachin ni laika lu mat ai grai machyi ai, Jinghpaw hpe
gara hku mung zinglum n lu sai, Jinghpaw ngu ai myu
langai tai mat sai” nga tsun ai. Jinghpaw laika nga mat ai
majaw Jinghpaw ni amyu langai tai mat wa ai. Myen a zaw
hkring mang n mai shatai mat ai Myen jahpan hta n mai bang
mat ai. Laika nga dingsa htunghking mung naw kaba wa na
re. Htunghking mung shamat kau ya ra ai, dai majaw Myen ni
gaw (1) Judson college hpe Yangon university de pawng bang
kau ai, ndai pawng bang kau ai hta Myen sara ni woi awn ai re
Myen sara ni Myen hpung up sara ni “anhte hte n pawng hkyen
mat sai amyu kaga rai mat sai” dai hku mu mat ai.
Dai majaw jinghpaw ni hpe asuya Power hte Myen
shatai kau ra ai nga maw wa ai. Judson college gaw Kayin ni
hpaw hpang ai re 1919 ning Jinghpaw laika galaw ngut nna
asuya ni (pya htan) ya ai hte rau Judson college hpe Yangon
university kaw pawng bang kau ai re. Dai majaw Judson col-
lege kaw Jinghpaw laika chyum laika n mai sharin mat ai
Jinghpaw hku nawku hpawng n mai galaw mat ai. Kaga cen-
tre hpaw nna Jinghpaw ramma jawng ma ni hpe zinglum ai
- 56 -
hte sharin ai hku hpaw ga ngu na woi hpaw ai. Anhte jinghpaw
a culture ndai hpe atsawm sha jinghpaw philosophy byin tai wa
hkra di ra ai. Jinghpaw ni a maumwi hta gaw hpun kawa, jan
shata shagan, dusat du myeng, shinggyim masha, nat ni mah-
kra gaw kanu langai kawa langai, chyanun yan woi shun kaw
nna shangai wa ai. Hpanwa Ningsang Chyewa Ningchyang du
hkra Chyanun yan Woi Shun kaw sa shangai nna mungkan ga
hpe sa shalat mat wa ai ni yawng rawng nga ai.
Dai majaw yawng hpe tsawra ra ai, hpun kawa, tsingdu
tsingman, Jan shata shagan yawng hpe hkungga ra ai, jai lang
ra ai. Dai gaw Ecology Principle rai nga ai, ndai kaw jinghpaw
maumwi hta rawng nga chyalu rai nga ai, anhte lak lak lai lai
hkaja ai lam n galaw ra ai, kachyi mi sha tsun dan dat yang
yawng hprang chye na sai. Masha maigan ni gaw dai hpe ma-
dung atsawm akri akrai sharin la ra ai.
Rev. Dr. Lahtaw Gum Se
Kachin philo-quest
- 65 -
ga shaga ai rai tim jinghpaw nsen hte shaga ra ai, ga shadawn:
(sara Saboi Jum a ga hpe maigan masha ni grai madat ya ai, shi
ga n chye n kaw nga, n manu n mana nga jinghpaw nsen hte
shaga ai majaw re.) dai gaw myu tsaw myit rawng ai wa re, shi
buga kaw kaba wa ai wa, shi amyu hte rau nga kaba wa ai wa,
ngu mai sawn la ai. English ga nau pye sa nga jang “ ndai wa
english hte ganawn ai, maigan kaw nga kaba wa ai wa re kun?
England e nga kaba wa ai wa re kun? American e nga kaba wa
ai wa re kun? nga mai myit la wa ai, tinang a buga mungdan
kaw kaba wa ai masha n re ngu myit la mai wa ai, myit kap
ai masha n re, ngu ai hpe chye mat ai. English hpe yu kaba ai
masha, English ga hpe yu kaba ai hku mai myit la ai.
Ahkyak ai gaw, shi a key, nli madung hpe n mai shamat
ai, dai hpe ding yang sa wa yang lani mi na nhtoi hta manang
wa kade manat timung n mai manat ai daw, akri daw n lu
manat jang gaw dai gaw kaba wa na sha re, anhte kaw nan akri
n rawng hkraw na sha tsang ra ai. Jinghpaw laika hpe masha
ni kade n kam lang ya timung anhte a htunghking nli gaw ndai
she re majaw ndai hpe anhte gaw nli kaja tai hkra anhte lang
mat wa na. Asuya ahkang jaw jaw, n jaw jaw hpa n seng ai
Jinghpaw jawng nan hpaw ra ai, dai majaw ngai gaw htunghk-
ing jawng hpaw ga ngu dai kaw jinghpaw ga, jinghpaw laika
- 64 -
Judson Church kaw centre hpaw nawku ku ra mat ai. (2) gaw
sasana jawng ni hpe Asuya jawng shatai kau ai anhte a laika
n mai sharin mat ai. Asuya (pya htan) ai laika sha mai sharin
mat ai, Jinghpaw laika sharin mu gaw nga ai tim majoi tsun ai
sha re, ga hte ahkang jaw ai sha rai mat ai, Upadi hte sharin
ra ai ngu nna n ka da ai. Jinghpaw sara ni gaw Jinghpaw laika
sharin n kam mat sai shabrai lu ai mung n re, kaga tution jaw
ai mahtang gumhpraw grau lu ai re majaw myit n lawm mat ai.
Sasana jawng zing kau dat ai majaw jinghpaw laika gara kaw
mung n lu sharin mat ai.
Jinghpaw laika n sharin mat, tang mat, Myen laika grai
chye wa sai nga jang Nawku hpung kaw bai ningjak wa ai.
Anhte nawku hpung hpe (jynfvHk;pnf;a0;ESpfjcif;tzGJYcsKyf) kaw nna re-
gional convension (ucsifjynfe,fESpfjcif;tzGJYcsKyf) hku masat mat wa
ra ai. (ucsifESpfjcif;tzGJYcsKyf) hku n mai lang mat ai. (ucsifjynfe,f)
Jinghpaw mungdaw masha yawng nga jang gaw myen ga lang
ra sai. Sam ni mung Sam mungdaw nga yang Myen ga lang
ra sai. Myen chyum laika hti ra sai, Myen mahkawn hkawn ra
mat ai. Jinghpaw chyum laika dip saga nga jang anhte mahtang
she “n ra sai gaw dai amu shalaw Myen hku yawng chye ai
she re mi” nga tsun wa na ra ai anhte nan she pat na ra ai.
Myen hpung up sara ni a lahkam gaw anhte ni hpe Myen shatai
Kachin philo-quest
- 57 -
na hku re. Myen hpung up sara ni gaw (EdkifiHa&;tBuD;pm;) re. Ya
shanhte ni dai hku shachyai taw nga ma ai.
Myen shanhte ni myit ai gaw sinna masha ni anhte hpe
myit sa garan kau ya ai amyu sa garan kau ai shanhte a matu
hpyen kaba ningma kaba rai mat ai hku mu mat ai majaw anhte
Jinghpaw ni hpe mung dai ningma kaw shalawm kau ai, gara
hku n mai tsi la mat ai hku myit ma ai.
Moi gaw Sam ni mung nat jaw re yat yat pa ga de yu
wa nna Myen hte gayau mat jang she Buddhist gale mat ai
re. Myen hkaw hkam Ahnawrihta wa nan gawk ngu ni woi
gap amyu myu woi pyaw rai jang she Sam ni mung dai kaw
pyaw dum mat nna Buddhist makam kam mat ai. Rakhaing ni
mung dai hku rai mat ai, ndai ni hpe zinglum ai zawn shanhte
gaw layang ga Hkaw Hkam htingnu kaw bawnu shachyai nna
la nga nna Jinghpaw ni nat jaw ai re majaw yat yat Buddhist
makam kam mat na, nat hpe gaw prat tup jaw na n re layang ga
de du wa nna Myen hte gayau mat jang gaw Buddhist makam
tai mat wa na re shadu ma ai.
Raitim sasana sara ni shawng bum ga de du ai majaw
Christan tai ma ai, Chyum Laika lu mat ai, hpung de mat ai,
dai kaw Myen ni shanhte hpang hkrat mat ai majaw dai hpe bai
sharai hkye la na matu (urÇmat;apwD) zuphpawng kaba (sahta-
- 58 -
dai hku hkum tsun “na madu wa hpe kaning ngu shamying
ai, gara dama wa kaw kahpu kanau daw ai? na madu wa hpe
lahtaw la ngu shamying la sai, nhpye n-gang jahpye la sai, dai
majaw gara ganang du tim “nang kadai jan rai nta? Maran Jan
rai nngai ngu tsun ra ai. Nye madu wa myen re hkum ngu.”
Tinang a madu wa hpe maran kasha ngu shamying la jang gaw
maran la a madu jan rai sai. Kabya rai tim mung tinang a kawa
hpe maran ngu shamying jang tinang mung maran kasha rai
sai. Tinang a identity hpe tinang gumrawng gwi ra ai.
Nawku htung mung, “ngai gaw christan re” ngu gwi
gwi tsun ra ai sakse madun dan ra ai, tinang a nawku htung lam
hpe atsawm sha chye tawn da ra ai. Hpung shagu hta chyum
laika sharin ra ai. KBC kaw mung gawng kya ai lam grai nga
ai, Catholic ni gaw shanhte a makam masham hpe mana maka
dawk bang da lu ai, anhte Hkalup hpung ni gaw n lu dawk bang
ai, chyum laika n lu sharin ai. Chyum laika sharin nga jang sa
ai gaw marai 20 dang sha sa ai, chyum laika hpe ra ahkyak n
tawn mat ai. Tinang a makam masham tsun yang myit gyip
ai bai hkam la wa ai, myit gyip ai lam n re, tinang a lam
hpe masha ni chye na hkra gwi gwi tsun dan ra ai, tinang
hpa re ngu hpe gwi gwi htawng madun dan ra ai, shadan
shadawng ra ai. Tinang a ga hpe mung shareng ra ai, English
Kachin philo-quest
- 63 -
Shan sha nga ai “nang hpe kanang bang na” dai hku rai wa ai.
Dai majaw ya na anhte mahkra gaw anhte a group gaw gara
re, dai kaw ramma ni ngang ngang kang kang tsap nna, Kachin
ngu ai kata kaw she ngai gaw Lhaovo kasha, ngai gaw lachid
kasha, ngai gaw Rawang, ngai gaw Zai Wa, Ngai gaw Jingh-
paw, ngai gaw Lasaw ngu nna anhte shada kahkyin kumdin ra
ai. Anhte a identity hku nna kahkyin gumdin ra ai.
Mying shamying ai lam
Anhte a ginru ginsa moi na mying masat masa (jingh-
paw mying gaw myen mying hte gara kaw mung n bung ai) Ma
Gam, Ma Naw nga shamying ai tim myen kaw Ma Gam, Ma
Naw ngu n nga ai. Dai hpe dingyang anhte shamying ra ai re,
Ma Gam mying, Ma Naw mying nga shajang ai, dai hpe hkrak
hkrak shamying ra ai, ya prat dep ai nga nna mying amyu myu
hte shamying, mungkam masha ni tsun loi hkra nga nna April,
May, June ni hte bang mary nga josep nga hte bang dai ni hpe
mying hkawt hku nna bang mai ai raitim tinang a mying majing
hpe gaw lang ra ai; nang hpe jahtawng htu ai shani shamying ai
mying hpe gwi gwi tsun ra ai. Bai Num kasha ni mung, nang
hpa baw amyu rai nta? hpa baw kasha rai nta? na madu wa hpa
baw amyu rai nta? ... nye madu wa gaw kaga amyu law... nga
- 62 -
tangayat) nga dai galaw nna (awmifwef;omoem), (urÇmat;omoem)
dai galaw na daw dan ai wa hpang hkrat mat ai hku re. Raitim
naw shakut nga ma ai, lu galaw hkra naw shakut taw nga ma
ai. Ya Myitkyina kaw bum ga na matsan mayan rai wam wam
dam dam nga yu hkrat wa ai ma ni hpe free tution jaw nna
jawng ma ni hpe bai hkap hkam la nga ma ai. Ya gaw Jingh-
paw ni wa layang ga de ru hkrat wa jang she mi na hte maren
tingraw ja nna hkap taw nga ma ai. Hpunggyi jawng tingraw
hku nna hkap taw nga sai re, sasana hku bai hkap taw nga ai.
Buddhist ni gaw dasang sasana galaw ai nga nna pru ai n
nga ai, shanhte hkrai bra hkawm mat nna chyam bra wa
ai re. Hkaw hkam ni a masing mung maden jat na matu
galaw ai sasana she re. Ga shadawn: - India Hkaw Hkam
Ashoka a Buddhist makam masham shabra na masing, Myen
Hkaw Hkam Ahnorihta wa nawku lam hku nna woi pyaw woi
a ai majaw shi a mungdan lu maden nna shi a salung sala ni lu
shalaw na ngu ai masing rai malu ai. Mung masa hta jai lang ai
masing she re dai majaw Hkaw Hkam ni she sasana galaw ai,
hpunggyi ni sasana n galaw ai.
Myen ni gaw shanhte a Nawku htung hpe kadai n tsen
n rip hkra makawp maga ai lam sha re, Secularism nga tim alu
bang na gaw mung du hkaw hkam ni she re, tsahti (Lau ban) ni
Kachin philo-quest
- 59 -
mung shanhte she re, Buddhist makam kam ai hpung masha ni
shi hpunggyi sa naw ai ngu nna alu jaw na rai nga ai, dai hku
rai yang ja gumhpraw mana maka lu na. Ya Asuya madi ai nga
jang gaw n manu ai majaw kachyi mi sha lu madi ai, asuya n
madi ai nga jang gaw grai pyi naw shanhte lu na re. India mung
ni gaw moi na willian Carey a sasana Policy hte grai bung ai,
sasana policy gaw worldly spirituality ngu ai willian Carey a
prat, Spirituality hpe dinghta mungkan hta shang lu hkra, dai
kaw tsim shang na hku galaw ai re. Mungkan hpe galai dat na
mungdan hpe galai dat na masha prat hpe galai dat na, ntsa de
na shangai ai ngu ai hkrang hpe lang ai. Ya yang e kala ni lang
ai gaw secularization of Theology re. Sinna shan hpraw sasana
sara, American sara ni gaw kala hpung up ni dai hku tsun ai
hpe grai n ra ma ai. Shanhte sasana galaw ai gaw dinghta akyu
mungkan a sat lawat hte n kayau ai sha makam masham san
san galaw na matu Evengelical group ni gaw dai masa she sa
sharin woi awn ai. Kala ni gaw nhtang hku na theology hpe
mahtang mungkan masa galaw kau dat ai majaw sinna sasana
sara ni nnan e gaw grai pawt ai hku re.
Raitim shanhte a presentation, shanhte a masing masa,
nsen ni hpe bai madat yu nna hpang jahtum shan hpraw sara
ni gaw “the sweetest theology” nga tsun ma ai, grai si mani ai
- 60 -
theology hku mu mat ma ai. Dai majaw ya Kala ni a theologen
ni hpung up sara ni gaw dai hku sa ai re, raitim ya myen mung
hte gaw kala mung hte makam masham gaw shai nga ai. Myen
ni a sat lawat sawn ai lam hte Kala ni a myit sawn sat lawat ni
culture ni gaw grai shai ai. Myen kaw anhte jinghpaw ni grin
ngang nga lu na matu gaw shanhte hte bung ai hku sa yang
shanhte mayu kau na, rau nga ai hku masa rai yang hpa n
ra ai, shanhte hte n bung ai hku nna mungkan hte ngang
ngang kang kang matut taw nga ra ai.
Kachin Group
Anhte a identity hpe ya mi shamying mying “Kachin
group” gaw immigration kaw jahpan nga ai, kachin group hta
kadai dai lawm ai nga chyalu rai nga ai, dai hta gwi gwi shang
ra ai. Lasaw ni mung Rawang ni mung gwi gwi shang ra ai,
Lhaovo, Lachid ni mung dai kaw yawng gwi gwi shang ra ai,
anhte gaw Kachin re ngu hpa mi nga nga anhte gaw Kachin
group ngu gwi gwi tsun gwi ra ai shang gwi ra ai. Myen jawng
kaw manghkang pru ga sai, Myen jawng jahpan hta ai sha-
loi Lasaw ma ni she hpa tsun a ta nga yang (bmvJ? ucsifvm;)
ngu yang (r[kwfbl; ucsifr[kwfbl; vDql;) ngu htan ai, sarama gaw
('DvlrsKd;pkpm&if;xJrSm vDql;rygbl;) ngu tsun ai, Kachin, Myanmar,
Kachin philo-quest
- 61 -
Dai hpang, 1895 ning kaw nna, sasana ni ka ai laika ni
hta, Ka Cheens, Kahkyens, Kachins, ngu nna grai dam lada ai
hku tsun shaga ai hta mung, ka ai laika ni hta mung lang mat wa
sai. Ndai Kachins ngu ai mying mung, anhte bum nga masha
Maru, Lashi, Zi, Nung Rawang, Lisu, Jinghpaw ni yawng hpe
gumhpawn nna shamying ai mying re.
Bai, 1835 ning kaw nna Myen mung ting hpe English
asuya ni up ai shaloi, Jinghpaw masha ni shara law law hta
gumlang wa ai majaw, 1895 ning kaw nna Kachin Hilltribes
Regulation ngu ai up hkang tara galaw nna alak mi di up hkang
sa wa sai.
Dai ten kaw nna, “Kachins” ngu ai mying hpe mung
masa lam hta tara shang amyu mying hku lang hpang sai. Bai,
English ni kaw na shanglawt la na shawng e, 1947 ning June
10 kaw nna Sept. 30 ya laman hpawng ai Myen Mung Mung-
bawng Rap Daw Zuphpawng hta Manmaw hte Myitkyina
Ginwang lahkawng gumhpawn nna, Jinghpaw Mung Daw
(Kachin state) ngu nna masat shagrin da ya sai. Mying dai ni
duhkra naw grin nga ai. KACHINS nga jang, anhte Jinghpaw
Wunpawng amyu lakung yawng lawm ai mying re.
- Karai Kasang gaw: Lamu ga jaw ya ai Madu (Sh.k 24:1;
16:6; Tara J 8:7-10) re.
- 78 -
JINGHPAW WUNPAWNG AMYU SHA NI HKU NNA NGANG KANG NGA LU NA MATU, KANING RE AI LAWNG LAM NI AHKYAK AI KUN?
What makes Kachins being kachins?
Amyu sha langai mi (a nation) ngang kang grin nga na
matu shingteng amying grai ahkyak nga ai lam chyum laika
kaw mu lu ai sakse.
A) Shawng ningpawt e Karai Kasang gaw shi hpan tawn
da ai lata amu ni hpe amying shamying na matu, shi a hkrang
sumla hte, shi a nsam hte bung ai hku hpan tawn da ai shin-
ggyim masha hpe lit jaw nna shamying shangun wu ai. N.N.
2:19-20
Raitim mung, shinggyim masha ni gaw, shawng daw
de ga amyu mi sha shaga nna, shara mi sha jawm de nga na
matu yaw shada ai hte Babela Langchyi ngu ai lamu dep wah-
pang gaw gap hpang wa ma sai. Dai gaw, Karai Kasang a yaw
shada ai lam hte n htan shai ai amu, daw hten ru si wa na amu,
n mai byin ai amu rai nga ai majaw Karai Kasang e sa jahten
shabra kau ya sai. N.N. 11:1-9 CP. N.N 1:28
B) Shing rai, Karai Kasang gaw, shi myit ra ai hku, shi
yaw shada ai bungli galaw na matu, shi a ga hpe madat mara
Kachin philo-quest
- 67 -
hkan sa, hkrit hkungga chye ai laksan masha shaga la nna san
da, hkang da ai hte shaman ya sai. Dai masha wa gaw, moi
shawng de Hkalde mung Ura mare e nga ai Abram ngu ai wa
rai nga ai. shi hpe shaga la nna shaman ya ai ga: “ Ngai nang
hpe amyu kaba shatai na de ai; nang hpe ngai shaman ya de
ai rai nna, na a amying hpe galu kaba shangun ya na we ai;
nang mung chyeju daju tai nga et; nang hpe shaman ya ai wa
hpe ngai shaman ya na we ai; nang hpe dagam ai wa hpe ngai
dagam kau na we ai; na a marang e ga ningtsa na masha amyu
shagu gumring gumrat lu la shajang na mara ai” ngu nna sha-
man ya wu ai. N.N 12:2-31
Shing rai shaga la nna shaman ya ai hpang, Karai
Kasang gaw Abram ngu ai mying hpe “Abraham” ngu ai. Ka-
rai Kasang hpe kam sham ai, tsawra ai, madat mara ai, amyu
lakung law law a kaji daju shatai dat sai. N dai Abraham kaw
nna, amyu lakung (12) hpe gumhpawn da ai Israela amyu byin
tai wa nna dai ni du hkra ngang kang grin nga ma ai.
C) “ Jinghpaw Wunpawng sha ni” ngu ai mying shingteng
lu wa ai a n pawt.
(1) Matsun maroi (Legend) hku gawn ai shaloi mu
lu sakse ni.
Anhte kanang na re ai lam: Anhte Ji Nat ni hpe naw
- 68 -
hkainu hkai sha nna sa nga sa pra nga ma sai,” nga nna Miwa
Labau sara ni A.D 550 – 1000 ning laman hkan ka ai labau laika
hta rawng nga ai. Bai, “udcd&#wdkif; - ucsifvlrsKd;rsm;aexdkif&m t
&yfa'oukdac:a0:jcif;trnfjzpfonf [lí tr&yl&NrdKUwGif A.D 1189
ckESpfy'Hkrif;vufxuftdrfa&SUpHrif;BuD;ausmufpm wGifa&;xdk;xm;onf/”
mung nga nga ai.
Bai, 1327 ning hta January shata (27) ya shani kaw
nna Feb (8) ya laman American Hkalup Sasana Sara Dr. Eu-
genio Kincaid, D.D ngu ai wa Mandalay kaw nna Manmaw,
Mogaung du hkra Jinghpaw amyu masha ni hpe wa tam sa-
gawn na matu lung wa ai shaloi Mogaung gat kaw shi tam nga
ai Jinghpaw masha langai mi hte hkrum ai. Shi a nsam: Labu
gaw gawt gawt di bu kau, sinda gaw yen yen, nhtu n-gang
hpye kau, baw kaw bunghkaw dingsa hte hkaw ahkyen da ai
wa hpe ga byan wa hte shachyen shaga yu yang, “Ga Hkyeng
wa rai nngai,” nga nna, reng reng, hkat hkat, mat mat, ja ja
nga ai nsen hte htan pru wa ai. Dai hpe Dr. Kincaid gaw shi
a matsing laika buk hta “Ka Khyens” masha ngu nna ka la nu
ai. Amreican Hkalup Sasana Ginjaw de mung, ndai Ka Khyen
amyu ni kaw sasana sa yang awng dang na re ngu nna laika ka
sai. Shi a sasana Journal hta mung shi mu mada ai Ka Hkyen
amyu ni a lam ka bang sai.
Kachin philo-quest
- 77 -
Matsing: Wunpawng ngu ai ga hkum a lachyum gaw: “Myit
hkrum kahkyin gumdin da ai, gumhpawn makai da ai, hpaw
ninghtan da ai hpung: (organization, alliance, Joined or united;
union of persons or families) rai nga ai. Ga shadawn: Mung-
kan Wunpawng Hpung (UNO); Mungkan Hkalup Wunpawng
Hpung, Baptists World Alliance (BWA).
Wunpawng ngu ai ga hkum gaw amyu mying n re;
myit hkrum hpaw ninghtan da ai Wuhpung wuhpawng my-
ing sha she re ai majaw, kadai amyu, hpa baw ni a matu re ai
lam chye na matu, amyu mying lawm ra nga ai. Dai majaw,
Wunpawng sha ni sha nga jang n hkum tsup ai, “Jinghpaw
Wunpawng sha ni” ngu ka ra, tsun ra ga ai. Ndai gaw Karai
Kasang jaw ya ai mying nan rai sai. Hpa majaw nga yang,
Sara kaba Dr. Ola Hanson nan 1890 – 1895 laman gyin shalat
ya ai Jinghpaw laika, 1895-1926 August 11 ya laman gale ngut
nna, 1927, March 27 ya shana 7:00 PM hta ap ya ai chyoi pra
ai Jinghpaw chyum laika hpe shawa ga, shawa laika hku jawm
lang ai amyu sha ni a mying rai nga mali ai.
(e) Kachins ngu ai mying gaw, anhte Jinghpaw Wunpawng
sha ni shamying la ai mying n re, masha amyu ni shamying ya
ai mying she re.
“Kachins amyu masha ni gaw, ya nga ai bum ga hkan mam hte
- 76 -
jaw jau nga ai ten hta dumsa jaiwa, nampyaw laka ni tsun ai,
“Anhte gaw ka-ang shingra e pra ai ka-ang la ni rai ga ai” nga
ma ai.
Ka-ang shingra ngu ai gaw Abraham hpe Karai kasang
jaw ai Hkanan mung lawm ai Sinpraw ka-ang daw (Middle
East) hpe ngu ai re. Amyu ru sai, maka kumla ni hpe yu ai
shaloi anhte Jinghpaw Wunpawng amyu sha ni gaw Abraham
a lakung lama Israela amyu dap (12) hta na Nawku htingnu
kaw bungli galaw na matu san da hkrum ai Lewi dap rai ang
ga ai. Tara J. 10:8-9 A.D 638 ning hta Mohamed a Isalam
Nawku htung maden ai hpyen hpung ni Sinpraw Ka-ang daw
hpe gasat la kau ai shaloi, Yerusalem hte Nawku htingnu lawm
mat wa sai. Dai shaloi, Nawku htingnu kaw bungli galaw ai
Lewi masha ni gaw, Karai kasang a tara ka da ai shanhpyi laika
hpe la hpai nna hprawng yen mat wa ai hkrun lam e kawsi
nna ju sha kau sai lam tsun hkai nga ga ai. Dai shani kaw nna
mungkan hta laika n lu ai amyu, Karai Kasang hpe n chye mat
nna, ji nat ni hpe jaw jau mat wa ai amyu tai mat wa saga ai.
Yaku 1:1; 1pet. 1.2
“Yawng dam mat ma sai; shanhte rau brun mat wa ma
sai, Kadai mung kaja ai amu n galaw ma sai, kaja wa langai mi
muk n nga ai.” Sh.K 14;3;53;3. Rai timung, Karai Kasang gaw
Kachin philo-quest
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shinggyim masha hpe hpan da ai shaloi, shi a hkrang sumla,
shi a nsam hte bung ai shinggyim masha hpe hpan nna shi a
wenyi nsoi nsa kawut bang da ya sai majaw, Sh.k 42:1-2;63:1
hta tsun da ai hte maren, anhte a hkritung myit = instinct: kraw
kata e up rawng nga ai dum chye ai myit = subconscious hku
nna Karai Kasang hpe myit dum, marit shagroi gara nga ga
ai.
Dai majaw Sh.K 14: 2; 53: 2 hta “ Zai byeng-ya rawng
ai wa nga ai, n nga ai, Karai Kasang hpe tam ai wa nga ai hku?
mada yu na nga Yehowa lamu de masha kasha ni hpe gum yu
nga ai.” nga ai hte maren, gum yu yang anhte Jinghpaw Wun-
pawng sha ni hpe mu nna hkye la na matu anhte pyi n chye
ai, n mu yu, n na yu ai American sasana sara /Ma Ma ni hpe
shangun dat ya sai.
American sasana Sara/ Ma Ma ni du sa nna Karai Kasang
yaw shada ai amu sa galaw ai lam
A) Eugenio Kincaid ngu ai sara kaba wa Mandalay Nepy-
idaw kaw nna hkali shap na myen la (5) saw woi nna mali hka
lam hku lung wa ai. 1837 ning, January shata (27) ya shani
Manmaw mare de du nna Jinghpaw ni hpe tam sagawn ai;
matut nna hka lam hku lung wa yang Mogaung mare de Feb.
- 70 -
yang gaw, mayam amyu, mat mat ai amyu, tai na myit dai.”
nga nna ap ya sai.
Ya ndai chyum laika hta, “ Karai Kasang a amyu -
God’s nation” nga ai shaman ga hte maren: Sara kaba Hanson
gyin shalat ya ai Jinghpaw laika hpe shawa ga, shawa laika
(Common Language, Common Literature) hku jawm lang ai,
Sara Kaba Hanson anhte Jinghpaw Wunpawng amyu sha ni
yawng a matu yaw shada nna gale da ai Chyoi pra ai Chyum
laika hpe jawm lang, jawm hti nga ai maru, Lashi, Zi, Nung
Rawang, Lisu, Jinghpaw n dai amyu ni hpe gumhpawn nna
“Jinghpaw Wunpawng amyu sha” ngu nna lang hpang sai.
Grau nna nawku htung makam masham lam hta
myit hkrum, kahkyin gumdin, n gun rawng, galu kaba wa na
matu,1910 ning hta Manmaw mare e February 18 – 20 ya la-
man galaw ai hpawng hta “Jinghpaw Wunpawng Hkalup
Ninghtan Hpung” ngu nna lang hpang sai.
Dai hpang, 1954 ning Manhkring mare e hpawng ai
Ninghtan Hpung hpawng kaw nna “Jinghpaw Wunpawng
Hkalup Hpung Ginjaw” (JHZ: KBC) ngu nna shamying lang
ai gaw dai ni du hkra rai nga ai. Dai Zuphpawng ten hta Myen
Mung Hkalup Hpung Ginjaw (MBC) hta mungkan hku shang
lawm na matu mung, daw dan sai.
Kachin philo-quest
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(6890) a man hta Jinghpaw Wunpawng amyu sha ni hpe sara
kaba Hanson Chyum laika ap ya sai.
Chyum laika ap ya ai hte hkap la ai lamang hpe: Hkap la
na Jinghpaw Wunpawng sha ni yawng a malai sara ni maga mi
tsap nna, ap ya na matu sara kaba Ola Hanson hte Ma Ma, Sara
Kaba Roberts hte Ma Ma, lawu ga na lung wa ai Myen, Kayin
ni kaw sa ai sasana sara, Ma Ma ni maga mi tsap nhtawm,
Jinghpaw wunpawng sha ni a maga de nna Chyum laika hpyi
ai ga shagawp hku hti nna hpyi ma ai. Dai hpang sara kaba ni
a maga de nna Dr. Ola Hanson gaw Chyum Laika lang da let,
shaman ai ga hte, sadi jaw ai ga tsun ngut jang ap ya ma sai.
Shaman ai ga: “Nahte Jinghpaw masha ni, dai ni ndai
Karai Kasang a chyoi pra ai hte hkrung nga ai mungga chyum
laika hpe hkap la nna, dai hta hkang da ai hte maren hkan sa
asak hkrung nga myit yang gaw, 1petru 2:9-10 hta rawng ai
hte maren, lata la ai amyu, hkawhkam hkinjawng ni, chyoi pra
ai amyu baw hte, Karai Kasang lahku la ang ai masha ni, rai
nga myit dai. Nanhte mung shawng e amyu rai nga myit dai
n rai, ya chyawm gaw Karai Kasang a amyu rai wa manit dai.
Shawng e, chyeju hkam la manit dai n rai, ya chyawm gaw
chyeju hkam la lu manit dai. Rai timung, n dai chyum mungga
hpe n kaw n law rai nna, n madat, n mara n hkan n sa, rai myit
- 74 -
(8) ya shani du, gat hkan hkawm nna Jinghpaw ni hpe san sa-
gawn maram masam la ai hte, American Hkalup hpung ginjaw
de, sasana sa galaw yang myit mada shara nga ai, awng dang
na re ai lam laika ka shana dat sai.
B) Rai timung, shaning (40) ning na ai hpang e she 1878,
Feb. (13) ya shani sara kaba Albert J. Lyon hte Ma Ma Man-
maw mare de du sa ma ai. Rai timung shata mi sha naw sa nga
yang, March shata (15) ya shani Karai kasang kaw wundoi mat
wa ai majaw, Ma Ma shi hkrai sha nyep myi prwi hte Ameri-
can mung de bai wa mat sai.
C) Sara Kaba William Henry Robert hte Ma Ma Manmaw
de 1879 January (12) ya shani du nna Bathein de na lung wa
ai kayin Sara Shwe Lin, Bo Gale, Sipek, Kohte re ai ni lung
wa karum ai hta Jinghpaw masha ni hpe sasana galaw wa sai.
Jinghpaw Wunpawng amyu sha ni hta shawng ningnan
Madu Yesu hpe hkap la, kam sham, hkalup hkam nna
hpung masha tai wa ai marai (7) re. Dai ni gaw: Maran
Bawmung La hte Jan, Maran Ah Yung hte Jan, Nang Zing
Yung hte Jan Lazum Kaw Lum, Gawlu Htang Yawng ni
rai ma ai.
D) Sara kaba Dr. Ola Hanson hte Ma Ma 1890 ning De-
cember (22) ya shani Manmaw mare de du ma ai. Sara kaba
Kachin philo-quest
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William Henry Robert hte Kayin sasana sara ni kabu gara shi-
ga n sim n sa hkaw tsun sharin achyin ya ai majaw, Jinghpaw
Wunpawng amyu sha ni hkristan tai ai lani hte lani anhte a buga
hta mau na zawn law htam wa sai. Raitim, makam masham
ngang kang galu kaba wa na matu hkaw tsun sharin achyin ai
lam hta laili laika n lu ai, chyoi pra ai chyum laika mung n lu ai
amyu re ai majaw shawng lam de yu dat yang myit mada shara
nau n nga ai.
Ning re ai manghkang kaba shawng lam de pat taw nga
ai majaw, laika shalat ya nna chyum laika gale ya lu ai sara
grai tin ai hku shangun dat ya na matu sara kaba Roberts gaw
American Hkalup sasana Ginjaw de laika ka dat ai shaloi He-
bre, Greek, German, English, Swedish ga hte laika chye ai Ola
Hanson ngu ai chyaloi nhkoi kaw nna Karai kasang Jinghpaw
Wunpawng amyu sha ni a matu san da ya ai wa hpe shangun
dat ya sai.
Shi du sa ai hte 1890 - 1895 ning laman Roma laika
kanu hpe la nna Jinghpaw laika gyin shalat ya sai. Dai hpe
English Hkawhkam wa san da ai Governor wa hpang de sha-
grin ya na matu tang madun ai shaloi, Governor wa mung
Hkawhkam wa hpe bai shana yang, grai gabu kara myit hkrum
madi shadaw, masat masa galaw ya sai. Dai hta grau ahkyak ai
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amu matut galaw na matu mung hkang da, matsun da sai.
Sara kaba Ola Hanson hpe: “Nang gaw, nye a mungdan
kata na karing karang masha chyazai ni hpe laika hte chyum
laika lu ai amyu kaba langai mi shatai dat nit dai.” nga nna (Kai-
za-in-hind) ngu ai Janmau aya hte gumhpraw kumhpa shagrau
ya sai. Governor wa hpe mung, Englican, R.C.M Bishops ni
hpe shaga nna, Jinghpaw Wunpawng amyu sha ni yawng ndai
laika hpe lang na matu hkang da shangun dat sai.
Dr. Ola Hanson Jinghpaw laika hku Chyoi pra ai Chyum
laika Ga shaka Dingsa hte Ga shaka Ningnan gale ya ai
lam-
Ya sara kaba Ola Hanson gaw shi shalat tawn ai Jingh-
paw Laika hte Chyum Laika hpe 1895 – 1926 ning August
shata (11) ya laman Ga shaka Dingsa hte Ga shaka Ningnan
gale ngut nu ai. Laika gale karum ai Jinghpaw sara ni gaw:
Sara Damau Naw, Sara Lashi Naw, Sara Naw Tawng, Sara
Seng Li, Sara Labya De ni rai ma ai.
Shing rai gale ngut sai majaw, 1927 ning March shata
25-28 ya hta galaw ai Jinghpaw Wunpawng sha ni kaw sasana
shang ai (50) ning hpring ai Jubali Poi hta March (27) ya sha-
na hkying 7:00 PM ten e zuphpawng sa hpung shawa masha
Kachin philo-quest
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K.T.C gaw Wunpawng Sha ni a Salum
K.T.C gaw Wunpawng sha ni a “Salum re…” hpa ma-
jaw nga yang Wunpawng sha ni rawt jat galu kaba wa na matu
gaw sut masa lam, mung masa lam, hpaji lam, arawn alai hte
makam masham lam ndai zawn re ai ahkyak ai lam ni yawng
gaw Chyum laika kaw rawng ai. K.T.C kaw sharin ya ai lam
Karai masa hpaji kaw ndai lam ni yawng rawng ai. Anhte myu
sha ni galu kaba wa na matu gaw anthe myu sha ni ndai lam ni
hta na hprang wa ra ai; ndai lam ni hte su hprang wa na matu
gaw hpung a hpung woi ni woi jasu ra ai. Hpung woi shawng
Chyum laika hpe atsawm sha chye na hkawn hkrang da ra ai,
kung kyang ra ai; Hpung woi ni hpe kung hkyang hkra sharin
jahpat ai gaw ndai K.T.C re.
Myu sha ni lam shagu hta bawngring wa na matu
makam masham gaw ahkyak madung re. Makam masham
(Faith) n nga ai rai yang hpa lam hta mung awng dang lam lu la
na n rai nga ai. Ga shadawn- anhte a myu sha lam rawt malan
ai hkrun lam mung woi awn ai ni lai wa sai ten hta makam
masham hpe saw lasawn re ai a majaw awngdang ai lam n lu
lai wa ai re. Ya daw chyawm gaw myu sha mung masa hta woi
awn nga ai ningbaw ningla ni hta makam masham hpe ning-
shawng jaw chye wa nga ai hpe mu mada ai, kaja ai kum la re.
- 90 -
- Amyu mying shamying ya ai Madu (N.N 32:28) re.
- Madu tai nna up hkang, yu lajang na ahkang aya jaw ai Madu
(N.N 1:28) re.
Dai re ai majaw, anhte gaw masha shadam n re, mayam
n re, ndai anhte nga nga ai lamu ga, mungdaw mungdan sa
lagu, mayun, makoi nga ai ni n re, Karai Kasang e nan masat
dazik dawk nna jaw ya, ap ya sai lamu ga hte Karai Kasang e
nan lata shinggyin da, makai da nna shaman ya ai, “Jinghpaw
Wunpawng Sha Ni” ngu ai amying shingteng lu ai amyu ni rai
ga ai.
Htunghking Lai Len (Custom and Tradition)(A) Ka Manawt (dance)
(i) Manau Nau ai.
Jinghpaw Wunpawng amyu sha ni a htunghking hta
grai ahkyak ai hte lachyum shapraw ai hku ka manawt ai lam
langai mi gaw manau manau ai lam rai nga ai. Shaning sha-
ta hku hkyen lajang shachyip nhtawm, manau poi hpe n law
htum (7) ya (8) ya aten la nna galaw ai hku re. Manau Poi hpe
lu su ai du magam htinggaw langai hkrai hku nna mung, mare
kahtawng buga, mungdaw, Ginwang hku nna mung, dang di
Kachin philo-quest
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dang dep ai made hkik hkam ai hku galaw nga ga ai.
Kalang mi Manau Manau jang laning mi hpring ai sha-
loi Naugup bai galaw ginsi shangut hpungdim ra ai. Manau
Poi galaw shut jang, amyu dap ting si htum mat wa chye ai nga
nna Ji wa ni tsun ma ai.
Manau Manau ai shaloi majoi hkrup mara n mai manau
ai, atsawm sha hkrang maka hpe jaw hkra chye woi shapraw
ai, kung kyang ai Nau shawng wa woi manau ra ai. Shi hpe
karum ai Kumdaw ngu ai wa mung Manau a lam grai chye
chyang ai wa rai ra ai. Manau gaw yawm dik hpan (8) nga ai
hpe chye lu ai.
(i) Padang Manau
Hpyen majan gasat ai shaloi awng padang lu ai lam hpe
shadan jahkung arawng shapraw ai manau re.
(ii) Sut manau.
Ja gumhpraw, sutgan, malu masha lu lawm ai, awng
dang ai ten, shaning hta sumtsaw sumtsan de nga ai amyu rusai
jinghku jingyu ni hte gabu kara hkrumzup kanawn mazum na
matu hte buga mare dung shawa garai n hku hkau ai manaw
manang ni hte jinghku matut mahkai shachyen shaga hkat lu
- 80 -
Anhte Jinghpaw Wunpawng amyu sha ni galu kaba
rawt jat wa lam hta Jinghpaw Wunpawng Chyum Hkawlik
(snr) Kachin Theological College a shara kade ram ahkyak ai
lam hpe Chyum Jawng Up Ningnan Dr. Nalaw Dai Hkawng
hte sa hkrum jahta san la lu ai lam hpe lawu de na hte maren lu
matsing la ai made ka jahkrat tawn da ai lam re. Ndai Chyum
Hkawlik gaw anhte Myu sha ni a lapran e Wunpawng Salum
hku nna chye na hkap la da ga ai. Ndai Chyum Hkawlik kaja
wa kade daram anhte Myu sha ni a rawt jat galu kaba sa wa na
lam hta hpadi hpadaw tai ya nga ai ngu ai ningmu hpe mah-
kawng da ai lam rai mali ai.
Kachin Theology College (KTC) a Labau hte Seng ai lam
K.T.C a labau hte seng nna Chyum Jawng a Lungseng
Jubilee masat poi lamang ten galaw shapraw tawn ai labau lai-
ka buk mung nga sai. Bai nna K.T.C a rawt jat galu kaba wa
ai lam labau azin ayang gaw Sara kaba Gum Se hte Sara Kaba
Hkyen Naw ni grau hkum tsup hkra lu hkai dan na re ngu kam
ai.
JINGHPAW WUNPAWNG CHYUM HKAWLIK HTE
MYU SHA NI A GALU KABA WA AI MABYIN
Kachin philo-quest
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- 88 -
na matu galaw ai manau re.
(iii) Ju Manau
N hkam n kaja re ai shaloi, asak kaba sai kaji kawoi,
kanu kawa ni si wa ai shaloi nat ni hpe nga ju, wa ju rai nna jaw
jau, wunli la ai manau re.
(iv) Kunran Manau
Kun dinghku kaw na mayaw htinggaw de sai dinghku
langai ngai, lamu ga ningnan hta shara jahkrat, sa nga sa pra,
sa wa na matu labau shang masat masa hku manau ai manau
poi rai nga ai. Shadip jahpang ga (colony) maden sa wa na
manau ngu tim n shut na re.
(v) Shadip Jahpang hpaw Manau
Lamu ga ningnan hpe gasat awng dang la nna, tinang a
kanu kawa nta na Madai Nat hpe garan la nna jaw jau hpang ai
hte dai lamu ga ningnan kaw na n kaja ai sa hti sa wa, nat matse
ni hpe gawt shale, shachyut kau ai Manau mung rai nga ai.
(vi) Hting Htang Manau
(vii) Nau Yin Manau
(viii) Ding Shawn Manau
- 81 -
Ndai Manau ni hpe gaw kalang numrawng bungli hta hkan nna
ra wa ai shaloi sha manau ai manau poi ni rai nga ai.
Matsing: Anhte Nat jaw nga ai prat ni hta manau lai wa sai
manau poi ni hpe jahkring kau nna 1977 ning Nawng Nang
kaw galaw ai anhte Jinghpaw Wunpawng amyu sha ni kaw
Hkalup Sasana shang ai (100) ning hpring ai Jaw Masat
Poi ten hta Karai Kasang a Chyeju hpe shakawn ai “Chyeju
Shakawn Manau” ngu nna myu mi sha manau saga ngu jawm
myit hkrum daw dan ai hte dai Jaw Masat Poi ten hta manau
hpang saga ai.
Htawngka ka ai: Kabu gara ai lam hte seng ai hpa baw
hpawng shingra hta rai timung, numsha lasha yawng Htawng,
Shupsheng, Bau Mawng dum ai nsen madat nna ka manawt
ai.
Kabung dum ai: Masha langai ngai si nna mang taw nga
ai ten hta; Mang Lup kau ngut sai raitim, shi a wenyi minla hpe
kaji kawoi ni hpang de shabawn ai makoi mayang poi galaw
na matu garai n jin n ngut ai majaw tsu nat hku nta masha ni
shat sha ai ten hta shat jaw nna naw tawn da ai ten hta Bau kaji
kaba hpan masum dum nna nta madin hpe shinggrup let si wa
- 82 -
Nung Rawang ga, Lisu ga, Jinghpaw ga ni hpe shaga nga ga
ai. Rai timung, 1890-1895 laman Karai Kasang shangun dat ai
Dr. Ola Hanson ngu ai American Hkalup Sasana sara kaba wa,
ya tsun nga ai amyu lakung ni yawng a matu rai u ga, nga nna
shalat da ya sai re.
Rev. Dr. Maji La Ja
Kachin philo-quest
- 87 -
hku re. Ga shadawn: Htu Ren ngu ai gaw yi na mam myin wa
ai ten hta u gawn machya kaw nna dum ai rai nga ai. Pyi Run,
Pyi Htawt zawn re ai hpe gaw nta dawdap kaw shana hkring sa
ten garai n yup yang, dum shapyaw ma ai.
(vi) Lata hkrang sama
Nu Num ni a ri da maka gaw grai madang tsaw ai lata hkrang
pan hpaji rai nna ya ten hta kaga amyu masha ni graph laika hta
ka bang nna lagu la kau mat wa ai ten du ra ai. Anhte Jinghpaw
Wunpawng amyu shayi ni gaw, ri da maka mung n sharawng
mat, sharin ya na masha mung n nga mat, rai nna shamat kau
mat wa nga ai, Grau nna anhte Jinghapw Wunpawng kawa la ni
mung, shingnoi htingga, chyahtai, hkuwawn, sumpu sumhtang
hte kaga kaja ai lata hkrang sama hpaji n chye mat wa ai she
law mat wa nga saga ai.
Aga (Language)
Tsun shaga ai aga hte seng nna dai ni anhte Jinghpaw Wun-
pawng amyu sha ni hta mala la yak ai lam n nga sai. Hpa
majaw nga yang anhte Jinghawp Wunpawng amyu sha ni
(ucsifvlrsKd;/ kachins) ngu ai amyu lakung kaba ( rsKd;EG,fpk / Eth-
nic Group) a kata hta shaga ai aga n bung ai amyu lakung ni
tinang amyu ga rai nga ai Lhaovo ga, Lachid ga, Zaiwa ga,
- 86 -
ai wa a prat ladaw hta galaw ai lam ni hpe hkrang shala ai hku
ka manawt let yu ngwi nsen mung shapraw rai ma ai.
Makoi mayang poi galaw na n jin n ngut, naw na na tai jang,
tsu dumsa wa hpe shaga nna, tsu shayup kau ai lam galaw ai.
Dai ten kaw nna shat mung n jaw ra sai. Ya nai mam lu ai shan-
ing makoi mayang poi galaw na bat lapran, dumsa wa hpe tsu
bai jasu shangun nna poi hpe hpawt ni galaw na rai yang, dai
na kabung dum ai lam shangut ra ai.
Ndaw kahkrang ai lam: Si mat ai wa a wenyi minla (Tsu)
hpe shabawn ai makoi mayang poi galaw nga ai ten hta, shana
gaw Kabung dum, jahpawt gaw ndaw yang e jun tawn karoi
hpe shinggrup nna ndaw kahkrang ai ngu ai ka manawt myu
mi hpe Chying Bau dum nna galaw ma ai.
(B) Bu Hpun Sumraw (costume and dress)
Moi prat, kawng jinghkang, bum lang hkaraw nhkap nam mal-
ing mala kata hkan naw nga ai ten hta, yi hkan hkai ai pasi ni
hpe kanu ni lanyet hta tum ni hpe rin male kau nna ri ri mai
hkra pasi hpe gap lajang nhtawm gabang hte, gawng hte ri ri
la ngut jang, Maru, Lashi, Zi, Nung Rawang, Lisu, Jinghpaw
Kachin philo-quest
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hking bu hpun palang ni hpe maka, nsam, jashai nna tinang a
dum nta kaw kanu ni da ai hpe bu hpun lai wa saga ai.
Ya layang ga, Myo mare kahtawng kaba de htawt hkrat
wa ai kaw nna, kaga amyu ni zawn bu hpun sumraw mat wa sai
hku re. Ya tsaban (21) de du shang wa ai shaloi, ndai mungkan
gaw kahtawng ningchyawng tai mat sai majaw, yawng bung
ai hku bu hpun shajang mat wa nga saga ai. Tinang a amyu
htunghking bu hpun palang hpe gaw ahkyak ai htunghking poi
shingra hkan sha shaw hpun ai hku rai wa sai.
(C) Shingni (Art)
(i) Kaiji byu ai.
Law malawng dum nta htingnu htingsang dingshawn shang ai
shaloi, madum sumpyi, yu ngwi mahku shapraw let shingwang
kawan nna mahkawn shakawn ai lam rai nga ai.
(ii) Nchyin, Nchyun
Nkau mi gaw ndai hpe Nchyun, bai nkau mi gaw Majan ngu ma
ai. Yi shari hkan, nam maling mala, bum lang marawn zawn re
ai grup yin shingra hkan du hkawm ai ten hta, myit masin hta
kabu ai, pyaw ai lam ni hkam sha katu pru wa ai hta hkan nna
tsan tsan kaw nna pyi na lu hkra shapraw dat ai yungwi nsen
myu mi rai nga ai.
(iii) Dumsa
- 84 -
Dumsa ai ngu ai gaw, nat wa na ra hkra grai madang tsaw ai ga
si, ga ngau hte nat wa hpe shakawn shagrau, hpyi lajin ai lam
nta madu ni a malai tsun shana ya ai lam re. Bai dumsa wa nan
nat bai tai nna jaw ya ai, daw jau ai hkungga hpe hkap la ya sai
hte, hpyi ai hte maren jaw ya sai lam bai tsun matan shaman
ya ai ningtam ga rai nga ai. Ndai dumsa ai ngu ai gaw hkrup
mara masha majoi mi shang tsun shaga ai baw n re; laksan
kung kyang ai wa alak mi galaw ai baw (professional work)
myu mi rai nga ai.
(iv) Shayaw goi goi ai
Lahta de na Nchyin, Nchyun, Majan hte bung ai. Grau nna
anhte a rudi ruhpang hka hku numraw ga de nga ai hpu shawng
hpu ba, wa la ni, nam mali mala hkan hkawm ai shaloi, yi sa
yi wa re ai lam hkan, tinang nga ai mare hte ni nawn ai mare
kahtawng hkungran poi sa nna wa ai hkrun lam hkan marit
maroi n chye tsun ai zawn nga nna myit hta hkam sha let nsen
shapraw tsun shangawn ai lam rai nga ai.
(v) Madum sumpyi
Anhte Jinghpaw Wunpawng sha ni a madum sumpyi ni gaw:
Pyi Run, Yi Htawt, Pyi Hpai, Larung Sumhkran, Dumbu ba
ja, Brass Band, Organ, Piano, Kye Board, Guitar, Htu ren, re
ai ni rai nga ai. Langai hte langai shi a shara hte shara dum ai
Kachin philo-quest
- 85 -
mada ai. Ndai kaw Gala mung na jawng ma ni nga ai shanhte
hte shaga yu ai shaloi machye machyang maga de gaw sasana
hpang hkrat ai majaw hpang hkrat nga ai ngu hpe wa mu lu ai.
Sara Kaba Ja Gun ni labau sawk shagawn ai hta, Miwa Hkran
kaw na Gam Tawng ni tsun ai hta moi gaw anhte mung Hkaw
Hkam tai yu sai nga tim Hkaw Hkam amyu rai sai kaw na gaw
machye machyang hte civilize byin ai lam hta anhte gaw auto-
matically (Du nga jang gaw darat daroi zawn n rai na sai) rai
taw nga sai ngu mu mada ai. Shanhte tsun ai gaw hkan sat ai
majaw lapran kaw di mat ai nga ai.
Ndai zawn re ai lam hpe gaw jinghpaw hpe yu kaji ai
ni man hta tsun yang hkrak ai. Jinghpaw lashing kata kaw gaw
anhte hkik ai lam nau tsun nna lam shagu hta n byin ai maga
law wa nga ai. Ga shadawn: Shwegu Sara Tawng La, magam
amyu, Du amyu nga galoi mung tsun ai, Shwegu kaw gaw Ga
hte Di Bu galaw Ja Gumhpraw tam ai shara re, “anhte jingh-
paw ni Ga hte shat n sha ai” nga nna ya dai ni jinghpaw nta
chyen mi gaw Plastic hte galup nna nga ra ai. Hpunau Myen
ni Ga Di Bu galaw ai ni yawng hkik hkam ai wut dek nta,
mawdaw ni hte nga pra lu ma ai.
Dai shara de Jawng kaw Hkrismas galaw yang pyi
Myen ni gumhpraw bang na sha she lu galaw ai, alu n lu ai
- 102 -
Chyum jawng lung kam ai masha mung shawng de nau n nga
lai wa sai; 1988 manghkang asuya jawng pat kau ai hpang she
Chyum jawng kaw jawng ma loi law wa ai.
K.T.C hpe hpaw hpang ai kaw nna dai ni (75) ning
hpring lungseng Jubilee ladu hkrum lai sai (100) ning Jaw de
lahkam sa wa nga sai, rawt jat ai lam law law hkam la lu sai,
raitim masha amyu ni na rawt jat ai madang hte shingdaw yang
ndai K.T.C gaw ndai hta jan nna rawt jat ra sai re. Dakkasu
madang rai taw ra sai re. Raitim ra rawng ai lam amyu myu
a majaw n mai byin shi nga ai, Ga shadawn- anhte a physi-
cal development ra ai (building ni), Faculty development ni,
jawng kaw jai lang na laika buk ni amyu myu rai nga ai. Dai
hta masha shalat ai lam hta mung gawng kyang nga ga ai. Lai
wa sai shawng de anhte a masha kaba ni masha shalat ai
hta gawng kya ai, tinang hte ni htep ai ni hpe shalat ai lai
ni loi nga lai wa sai. Hpunau Hkang amyu ni gaw marai
langai maigan de lu du mat yang langai hpe bai lu woi la
ma ai, shada da pawn ba ai lam karum hkat ai lam grai nga
ma ai.
Anhte a Kanu/wa Sara kaba ni K.T.C lu wa hkra shakut
ai hte anhte ga hte anhte Chyum jawng hpaw na hku shakut
shaja nna lu wa ai raitim dai ni du hkra B.Th madang du hkra
Kachin philo-quest
- 91 -
pyi anhte Jinghpaw hku n lu sharin nga ai. L.Th hpe pyi naw
gaw sara kaba maran Zau Yaw zawn re ai ni langai lahkawng
ga gale da ai laika buk hte myen hku ka da ai laika buk ni lang
nna she sharin ra nga ga ai. B.Th hte M.Div madang ni hpe
gaw English hku she sharin nga ga ai. Du na ten 1012 ning
hta “Main building” gaw gap ngut a hpang 2015 ning kaw nna
gaw “Doctoral Program” ni hpe hpaw wa lu hkra shakut nga
ai re.
Library gaw M.I.T a hpang lawu hprut, K.T.C a library
gaw myen mung kaw number lahkawng kaba dik rai sai. ASE-
AN mungdan na Chyum Jawng ni hta na “on campus” jawng
ma law dik mung ndai K.T.C re. Mungkan Library ni hte matut
mahkai lu ai madang de du na matu masa lam amyu myu grai
naw ra ai, mung masa lam, infrastructural development, hte
faculty development zawn re ai lam ni ra ai. Anhte a myu sha
ni mung ndai library kaw sa hti sa hkaja hpaji sawk ai hpe n
mu ai, jawng ma ni hta lai nna kadai n mu ai. Dai hpe yu yang
Laika hti mayu ai myit hte hti ai akyang n rawng shi ai ngu lu
tsun ai, Buga hkan mung dai hte maren re, library ni lu shajang
ma ai raitim laika n hti ai. Ga shadaw- Chyum jawng kaw na
shapraw ai magazine laning mi kalang shapraw ai raitim n kam
mari ai, n kau mi gaw alu re nga nna la tawn raitim n hti ai
- 92 -
gaw anhte a labau hpe mahta nna makam masham ningmu hku
nna re.
Kala mung kaw na Jinghpaw salang langai mi anhte
kaw laika ka wa ai, shanhte hpe shingdaw yu yang anhte hku
nna gaw makam masham masa hku nga pra jau ai ngu mai
sawn la sai, sasana jawng ni a majaw wenyi, hkumhkrang mah-
kra sasana galaw ai. Dai hpe anhte KBC gaw “Hkum Dingnum
Bawngring Masa” ngu ai mahkra hta rawt jat galu kaba wa
ga ngu ai hpe moi sasana sara ni nan dai hku hpang da ya sai.
Hkai lu hkai sha, rem lu rem sha, laika jawng mahkra galaw da
ya ai hpe dai ni hkringhtawng dagraw ai re.
Miwa de bai yu ga nga jang shanhte gaw physical ma-
terial maga hku chyawm anhte hta grau galu kaba ai re; raitim
ngai yu yang attitude (myit jasat ai) standard gaw anhte ni ram
shanhte civilized n byin ai hpe mu mada ai. Lang ai arung arai
ni chyawm gaw tsun shara n nga ai. Rai timung attitude (myit
jasat ai) gaw internal rai n rai shi ai, Mare Kaba hkan nga ai
ni hpe yu yang mung dai hku sha mu mada ai. Sasana shang
ai ngu ai gaw anhte ni hpe myi jahpaw ya ai, civilize byin
shangun ai hpe mu mada ai.
Kala kaw na hpe yu yang miwa de na zawn sha ar-
ung arai jai lang ai lam ni gaw grai rawt galu kaba ai lam mu
Kachin philo-quest
- 101 -
Ga shadawn - hpung garan wa ai lam ni, nta langai kaw hpung
n bung jang Kanu Kawa, kashu kasha ni pyi n htuk mat wa
nga ai. Shingdaw lu ai lam langai gaw Canada mung kaw ngai
jawng lung ai shaloi Kawa yan gaw nawku jawng langai kaw
sa ai. Kasha Ma Gam gaw hpungtau re (Bible Baptist Church)
ngu ai kaw sa ai. Kasha Ma Gam a kasha yang gaw (village
Church) ngu ai kaw sa ai, dai kaw manuk mana emotion nga
ai yawng gaw kaga ga she sa tim nta du jang hpa manghkang
n nga ai, “nanhte nawku jawng gaw dai hku rai nna, na hpung
gaw htawra hku re” nga dangrang hkat na lam hpa n nga ai.
Laban shani nawku wa lawm ai dai sha re, ngai dai mu nna
masha ni a myit hta civilize byin ai ngu ai gaw dai she rai nga
ai ngu mu mada ai.
Dai hpe yu yang anhte gaw civilized n byin shi ai ngu
mu mada ai, myit jasat ai lam n dam lada ai hpe mu mada ai.
Dai zawn re fact ni grai nga ai, dai ni re ngu mu lu ai. Sara Kaba
Robert ni du ai shaloi Ma Ma a mabyin ni, bai laika mung n lu,
Sara Kaba Robert ni loi loi hpang da ai nga tim ya anhte lang
ai laika gaw Sara Kaba Hanson galaw da ya ai rai nga ai. Sara
Kaba Hanson ap nawng nna galaw da ai ndai laika hpe sha
lang taw nga ai re. Anhte gaw lama Hkristu a ninghtoi n lu
ai rai yang dai ni ndai madang ram nga na n shadu ai. Dai
- 100 -
makoi da ai shing n rai ayai tawn ai.
Anhte a Wunpawng salum K.T.C ngang kang galu kaba
wa na matu gaw anhte Wunpawng sha ni yawng a lit re. Alu
atan hku nna, myit marai hku nna, hpaji jaw ai masa hku nna
shang lawm ra ai. Htam Shi alu law law chye bang ra sai re.
K.T.C a Shawng Lam
Htawm hpang de ndai K.T.C hpe Dakkasu madang
byin tai wa ai shaloi Theology sha n re kaga Faculty ni hpe
hpaw jat nna kaga “Libral Arts Subject” ni hpe mung sharin
shalawm wa na re. Ga shadawn- dai a matu ya aten kaw na
Music, Computer hte English zawn re ai subject ni hpe sharin
hpang na matu hkyen nga sai. Dai madang de du wa jang gaw
Theology sha n ga kadai mung myit lawm ai subject ni hpe sa
mai sharin hkam la sana re.
Theology mung kadai raitim, gara hpung makam
masham na raitim sa lu hkaja mai wa na re. Ya gaw Buga
hpung kaw nna madi shadaw hte Chyum jawng kaw mying
hkap la ai. Hpang de kadai raitim Buga hpung a madi shadaw
ai n raitim sa hkaja mai na re. Raitim KBC a makam kridung
(Theological trend) hpe chye na (snr) hkap la lu ai ni sha rai ra
na re. Hpa majaw nga yang dai hpe n chye na ai rai yang Theo-
Kachin philo-quest
- 93 -
logical confl ict sa byin chye ai. Hkum dingnun bawngring lam
(Holistic Development) ngu ai K.B.C a hkam la ai lam kata
kaw hpaw sa wa magang na ndai subject ni (music, computer,
liberal arts) hpe ndai K.T.C jawng kaw kadai rai tim sa mai
hkaja la mai wa na re.
KTC Dakkasu madang Byin wa lu na Ninggam
KTC Dakkasu madang byin wa na matu anhte hpung
masha ni ahkyak ai zawn Ginwang shagu hte mai byin na buga
shagu hkan mung mungdan Asuya kaw nna hpaji lam hte seng
nna ahkawng ahkang jaw wa ai shani gaw yawm dik Tsang
(10) madang jawng, moi na zawn re ai sasana jawng kaba ni
hpe hpaw shabawn sa wa na matu myit shajin da ra ai; Chyum
jawng gaw ndai KTC, Kutkai KTC hte Waimaw Chyum Jawng
ni ram sai ngu mu mada ai. Secular jawng ni hpe lu hpaw hkra
shakut ra ai. Dai kaw na myit lawm ai ni sa lu lung wa na re.
Dai hku nna jawng tsang (10) madang kaw nna Dakkasu mad-
ang (KTC) de lahkam sa wa na matu ninggam ni shachyaw la
ra ai. Hkin Lum masing mung dai madang de shanang sa wa lu
na matu lahkyen laren re ai masa hpe madi shadaw ya ai lam
re.
- 94 -
Hkristan Makam hpe anhte Wunpawng Sha ni hkapla
kamsham ai kaw na Amyu langai hku tai wa nna lani hte
lani rawt galu kaba wa ai lam:-
Sasana Sara ni ka da ai - Sara Kaba Robert Manmaw
kaw du ai shaloi na jinghpaw ni a mabyin masa wa jinghpaw ni
hpe mu yang kajawng malap mat ai da. Sanghpaw Captain wa
hpe, “n dai gaw ya kadai ni ta?”ngu san yang, “nanhte sasana
sa na Jinghpaw ngu ai ni re” ngu htan ai da. Anhte a nga sat
nga sa madang gaw dai ram rai taw nga ai ngu ai hpe langai
hku na gaw sakse rai nga ai. Sara Hkyen Naw galoi mung tsun
ai shanhte tsang (4, 5) du hkra bu dawt (Labu kasha) galoi n bu
ai da, 1950 dai daw ten ang na rai nga ai.
Anhte a labau hta mung (KBC) labau shang nnan na
jinghpaw ni kaw na B.Sc lu ai wa gaw Du Kaba Hkun Naw
re, 1952 ning hkan rai na re shi shawng re ngu tsun mai ai.
Anhte a chye chyang ai lam ni anhte a nga pra madang ni dai
ten sasana sa ai ten na hpe yu yang mat wa hkyen nga ai ngu
ai madi madun lu ai re. Ya Miwa hkan na sawk sagawn da ai
hta moi gaw anhte Jinghpaw Wunpawng sha ni Hkaw Hkam
re nga ai, dai gaw labau hku nna mi nga tim, n dai daw hpe
yu ai shaloi dai ni du hkra anhte a myit jasat ni gaw civilize n
byin shi ai. Anhte a myit jasat ni dam lada ai lam n nga shi ai.
Kachin philo-quest
- 99 -
she re. Kayin ni hte (snr) Mon ni hte kayau ai kun, ya dai
ni jrefrmEdkifiHESpfjcif; c&pf,meftoif;csKyf (MBC) kaw pyi ning-
baw gaw sara Zau Mai, amu madu gaw Po Kayin kaw na re,
myen nan n nga ai. Myen gaw (MBC) kaw nga sai kaw nna
gaw lawu ga garan na manghkang byin ai. Moi na sasana
sara ni gaw ningmu nga ai majaw hkrak zeng re ai hku sha
gawkap da ma ai. Lawu ga na building ni gaw shanhte myen
ni yawng la da ai.
Ya hpang daw hpung byin wa ai shaloi gaw sasana
mung n galaw, nga ai ni mung si ma wa, Anglican hpung ni
mung dai zawn sha re, jat wa ai lam n nga ai. Shangai na jat wa
ai kachyi kachyaw sha nga ai raitim shanhte madu da lu ai lam
gaw grai law ai, Yangon hkan mung Bogyok Gat makau hkan
na Church ni, Tsi Dakkasu Jawng (1) makau hkan na mung
shanhte a shara ni re, Kyi Min Daing ninghtawn, moi na Hpy-
en Lup Wa makau hkan na ni, mi di na hpang (pGefYtem;rMum;)
ginra ni yawng Anglican ni na sha re. Dai ni yawng hpe Asuya
ni zing la kau ya ai. Asuya n zing ai nta ni pyi shanhte loi
loi dut sha ai. May Myo (Pin Oo Lwin) kaw na jinghpaw ni
nawku ai Mahte Nawku jawng pyi Anglican kaw na mari la ai
re. Anglican ni sasana n galaw ai.
- 98 -
KTC hpe Nawng Nang de Htawt sit la ai Lam
Ndai K.T.C hpe Nam Hkam-Kutkai de na Nawng Nang
de htawt sit la ai lachyum gaw mung masa sat lawat hpe yu nna
n re sha htawm hpang de anhte myu sha ni law ai ka-ang shara
tai wa lu ai Myitkyina de anhte hpu shawng hpu ba Sara kaba
ni woi htawt la ai lam re. Ya nga ai Kutkai K.T.C mung 2008
ning K.T.C a (75) ning hpring lung seng Jubilee kaw nna tara
shang htum bren shapraw ya sai re. De shawng de gaw ndai
K.T.C a kata na Chyum Jawng hku yu reng lai wa sai raitim ya
gaw ndai Nawng Nang K.T.C kaw na n yu sai re.
Rev. Dr. Dai Hkawng (Jawng Up)
KTC/Nawng Nang
Kachin philo-quest
- 95 -
Dr. Hkalam Sam SonDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrr....................... HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaalllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaammmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaammmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooonnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn
- 96 -
Munghpawm Myanmar Mungdan de Maigan Hkalup
Hpung Sasana Shang wa ai ten hte de shawng na masa:-
Anhte Hkalup hpung labau kaw gaw kaga mi Sasana
shang ai labau n nga ai Sara kaba Yudathan(Judson) sasana
shang wa ai kaw na labau gaw nga ai; de a shawng daw kaw gaw
Dutch amyu ni Roman Catholic sasana gaw sa sai re. Shanhte
Sasana sa galaw tim n awng dang ai. Raitim awng dang ai ngu
mung mai tsun ai hpa majaw nga yang Hkaw Hkam na jinghku
jingyu ni pyi Hkristan tai nna amyawk, laknak ni manu mana
shagreng, hpaji sharin wa rai jang Hkaw Hkam ni n lu hkang
wa ai, shanhte a manawn masham myit ni a majaw shakrip
kabai kau ai hpe matsing da ai.
Myen gaw dai majaw Hkristan kaw pyi naw, ya Myen
Mung Hkalup Hpung nga tim myen gaw sasana ningbaw ning-
la n nga ai ngu mai tsun ai. Myen Hkristan kaw law malawng
gaw Ethnic ni re, moi na (OD;brif hte OD;rif;v)ni chyawm gaw
myen jet ai ngu mai tsun ai, ngam ai ni gaw yawng (half black)
WUNPAWNG SHA NI HKRISTAN MAKAM HPE
HKAPLA KAMSHAM AI HPANG GALU KABA
RAWTJAT WA AI LAM HTE AMYU LANGAI HKU
TSAP WA LU AI MASA
- 97 -
re, NGO hpe sha focus galaw jang hpung masha ni pyi bra wa
ai, Manmaw ni Micro Credit Union galaw ai hta tara mahkrun
hku nga yang, nta ni zing ra wa sai, Karai Kasang a man hku
yu yang gaw n tara taw nga sai KBC, Church a Covenent hku
yu yang gaw n jaw wa sai. Dai majaw kabu gara shiga dai
lawm ra ai hku re.
Dai majaw KBC a bawngring project galaw ai ni gaw
grai sadi ra ai, ndai project ni gaw KBC a mying hte galaw
ai re, dai majaw wenyi maga de n lawm yang gaw n mai ai.
Mungkan ga na lam lu na, sha na ni hpe gaw kadai mung tang
du hkra n lu jaw ai, bawngring magam gaw lakung lakap sha re
madung gaw hkaw tsun ai lam hpe galaw ra ai. Karai Kasang
a tsawra myit hte sha n rai yang NGO ngu ai mung kan bau
bungli sha re. NGO hkan galaw ai nkau ni gaw kan bau bun-
gli masa hku hkam la wa ai rai nna tsawra myit n nga ai, myit
machyi ai, hkra ai lam n nga ai, shata shabrai law law lu nna
galaw sha ai ni grai nga ai.
Wunpawng Amyu sha ni rau sha maren mara
Galu Kaba wa na lam
Mung masa, Sut masa hte makam masham ni yawng
hkra rau sha galu kaba wa na matu gaw anhte yawng myit
- 114 -
majaw re. Magam amyu re, Du amyu re kachyi kajaw sha gaw
n-galaw ai anhte gaw shangun sha na ngu ai myit jasat a majaw
Workshop hkan shang galaw n ra ai ngu ai myit jasat gaw tsaw
mat nna foundation n ngang mat ai.
Myen lashing hkan jinghpaw hpe n chye ai shara kaw
gaw jinghpaw ngu ai gaw hkrit hpa re byin ai lam tsun ra ai,
raitim anhte kata kaw gaw shakut na lam tsun ra ai. America
kaw mi na nga ai masha ni gaw Red Indian (nat jaw) ni re,
anhte hte bung ai, ngai shanhte a masha si ai shara mi kaw
sa yu ai shaloi shanhte ngoi ai nsen, gayaw ai nsen ni anhte
hte raw re. Kara ni, hkum shan a hpyi ni anhte hte raw sha re,
masha si yang ngoi ai nsen ni anhte Kabung dum ai shaloi na
nsen zawn nga ai.
Sasana hkap la ai ni yawng gaw galu kaba ma masai,
raitim sasana hpe n hkap la ai Red Indian ni gaw htum wa
maga de rai nga ai. Ndai ni hpe n htum mat u ga Jau man ni
re majaw nga nna Canada hkan atsawm hkang zing da ai lam
galaw ai. Red Indian ni nga ai shara hkan Mawdaw gawt yang
speed hpe shayawm ya ai, hpa majaw nga yang Red Indian
ni tsa nang nna Mawdaw lam ka-ang de kagat shang hkawm
wa ai, dai majaw Mawdaw adawt sat sat ai lam grai byin ai.
Manghkang byin na tsang nna gau ngwi gawt ra ai. Red Indian
Kachin philo-quest
- 103 -
ni gaw Tsa ya tai mat ma ai, Tsi Jahkraw ya tai mat nna tinang
hkum sat si ai law dik re. Dai hpe yu yang sasana hpang shang
wa ai ni gaw grai rawt galu kaba nna mi na ji woi ji wa ni a
makam Nat hpe manoi kam sham ai Red Indian ni ya dai ni ten
law wa jat wa ai lam de n re sha, yawm wa hkrat sum wa ai de
rai mat ai. Shanhte hpe du sat htawng kaw Madun gawk a matu
hkang zing da ai madang sha rai mat sai.
Dai ni anhte Myen mung kaw na jinghpaw wunpawng
ni gaw sasana shawng shang ai majaw arung arai hta lu su
ai lam n nga tim makam masham machye machyang lam hte
myit jasat ai lam ni gaw masha wuhpawng kata shang lu ai.
Rai timung Miwa, Kala hkan na ni gaw sasana shang ai hpang
hkrat ai ninghtoi n lu ai majaw naw shakut ra nga ai hpe mu
mada ai.
Kaja nga yang anhte ninghtoi lu la ai Yesu Hkristu hpe
hkap la kam sham ai majaw galu kaba wa ai chye chyang wa
ai dai hta grau hkum tsup mat ai gaw anhte a amyu ga hte nan
laika hpe lu la ai. Anhte aten hte shingdaw yu yang rawt jat ai
lam gau ngwi nga ai gaw anhte a makam masham lam hku yu
yang Hkristan tai ai hta gawng kya ai mung lawm ai. Chyum
Laika ga gale da ai law law nga ai hta Jinghpaw chyum laika
gaw Sara Kaba Hanson Original Hebrew hte Greek ga kaw
- 104 -
project law law galaw ai, NGOs law law hte ta gindun nna
galaw ai gumhpraw mung grai jai ai. Hpung ngu ai gaw We-
nyi lam n lawm yang gaw NGO sha re, anhte dai ni NGO
nga yang pyi kaga ram n lu galaw ai, KBC Bawngring dap kaw
shang ai gumhpraw gaw kachyi kachyaw sha rai nga ai. Bawn-
gring lam nau law mat nna wenyi lam n lawm yang gaw NGO
sha re. KBC gaw hkum dingnum hku nna hkai lu hkai sha, rem
lu rem sha ni bang ai lam gaw dai hku nna kabu gara shiga
hkaw tsun na matu re, ga shadawn: Bai Nam Project galaw ai
majaw dai mare na ni sut su nga mai wa nna Karai kasang hpe
grau kam sham let nawku daw jau, alu sak nawng chye wa na
matu re. Raitim ya dai hku n byin nga ai, NGO zawn rai taw
nga ai, dai majaw tsang gaw tsang hpa re. Ya Laika sasana
gabu kara shiga galaw ai nga timung gabu kara shiga hkaw
tsun sakse hkam nna sape shatai ai bungli re, ndai laika sasana
gaw project gumhpraw hte galaw ai NGO bungli rai mat sai.
Laika sasana awng dang na de myit n shang sha mat sai, jah-
pan gara hku tang na hpe sha myit machyu jung ra mat ai. KBC
gaw hkum dingnum ngu ai hpe hkap la ai social hku nna physi-
cal growth nga ra ai raitim Gospel good news ngu ai hkaw tsun
ai lam n lawm yang gaw tsang hpa re. Dai majaw KBC hpe
masha ni hkye hkrang la ra nga ai nga nna sasana shang wa ai
Kachin philo-quest
- 113 -
mung re.
Machye machyang shachye shachyang ai maga, hkaw
tsun ai lam hta gawng kya ai majaw mung hpung masha ni hta
ningra wa ai lam nga ai ngu mung n shut ai. Hpa majaw nga
yang dai ni woi awn nga ai, decision maker ni yawng gaw hpa-
ji lam hta machye machyang n-grung ai, tsang 7, tsang 8 awng
nna Diploma lu nna woi awn nga ai ni law ai; dai ni gaw asak
60-65 pang ni re. Ndai ni gaw law malawng hpung kaw ahkaw
ahkang nga ai ni re. Sara ni B.Th, M.Div awng nna buga de wa
yang buga na ni hte n htuk ai lam nga ai, woi awn ai daw hta
machye machyang lam shai mat nga ai. Ya na hpung masha ni
gaw tsang 10, jan mau lu ai ni mung law wa, tinang gaw tsang
5, tsang 6 ram hte sha woi awn taw ai re majaw confi dence
yawm wa ai. Hkaw tsun ai lam ni hta mung tang n du mat wa
ai, hpung masha ni mung grai chye chyang wa sai majaw ndai
gaw madang tsaw ai nem ai gara hku rai nga ai hpe chye gin-
hka la wa sai.
Dai ni na NGO hte Shinggyin Nauna magam bungli galaw
ai Wuhpung Wuphpawng ni law wa ai a marang e KBC a
tsap ai lam gara masa hku rai na?
KBC gaw hkum dingnum re majaw bawngring ai lam
- 112 -
nna gale da ai re majaw kaga hta grau hkum tsup ai, grai hkrak
ai lam maigan sara kaba ni tsun ai. Ni dik ai hku nna lachyum
hpe lu la ai re. Raitim anhte jinghpaw wunhpawng amyu sha
ni gaw Chyum Laika lu tim n hti ai she law ai. Jinghpaw laika
hpe jai lang ai gaw KBC hte KIO sha re, kaga Roman Catholic
ni Anglican ni gaw malawng Myen hku lang ai. Shanhte gaw
Myu baw sang hkum ai law ai, anhte KBC gaw jinghpaw laika
madung jai lang nga ai. Anhte laika lu ai nga tim anhte hta hti
hkaja ai lam n galaw ai, bai anhte a life style gaw Hkristan nga
timung Hkristan hku asak n hkrung taw nga ai. Ndai ni gaw
anhte hpe htingnut shangung ai lam ni re.
Hkristan Makam lu la ai jaw kahtap wa ai ten anhte
Wunpawng myusha ni a machye machyang galu kaba wa
ai masa:-
Anhte a madang ndai hte ram sha gaw n myit dik lu ai,
kaja nan anhte ni ndai hta grau pyi advance byin ra sai re. Dai
ni anhte Hkristan tai ai (100) ning 1877 ning kaw nna rai yang
(150) ning pyi ni wa sai, ndai hpe yu ai shaloi anhte gaw galu
kaba ai lam hta myit n dik hpa re. Anhte a mung masa mung
law law lawm na re, Jinghpaw ni ningtawn ai ni mung grai nga
lai wa sai, raitim mung shadawn ai daram n byin wa ai. Bai
Kachin philo-quest
- 105 -
anhte a social affair mung law law nga ai dai ni a majaw mung
rai na re, anhte a rawt galu kaba ai lam hpe gau ngwi shangun
ai mung rawt malan a majaw mung rai na re, grai rawt jat wa
na ramma ten hpaji grai mai hkaja la mai ai ten hta n lu sharin
la lu ai lam ni grai law mat ai. Ya dai ni pyaw wa ai ten hta
gaw nau pyaw nna kun, mung masa a majaw mung ramma ni
asak kaji dinghku de, nang hpam lu sha hte hten za mat ai law
ai majaw shawng lam a matu myit mada shara hte galu kaba ai
lam hta yawm wa ai.
Madung gaw Jinghpaw hku ka da ai chyum laika hpe
lu nga ninglen atsawm sha akri akrai n hkaja ai, dai hte asak
n hkrung ai, dai ni gaw anhte hpe htingnut shangun ai lam
langai re ngu hpung magam gun langai hku nna mu lu ai lam
re. Chyum Laika kaw nan mung “nye ga madat nna hkan nang
hkan sa ai wa gaw lung rawk n tsa hta nta shachyaw rawng
ai hpaji chye ai wa hte bung nga ai.” Hpaji chye ai nang nan
gaw Yehowa hpe hkrit hkungga ai lam chyum laika kaw rawng
nga ai. Ndai hpe n hkan ai majaw anhte chye ging ai ram n
chye ai, hpaji chye wa tim makam masham n nga jang mung
hten za mat (Ka-ni ya tai ma) ai. Makam masham n nga mying
kaba wa jang mung kade n na mying bai hkrat sum mat ai, ga
shadawn: Yu ngwi shayi/shadang n kau ni, Asuya kaw mung
- 106 -
tai wa na re. Dai kaw Libral Art bang nna History hte Social
Science ni bang wa na re, B.A in Theology mung jaw ai hku
galaw wa na re. Anhte a matu tsang ra ai lam gaw Chyum
Jawng maga de law nna Secular maga de n law wa na hpe
tsang ra ai, hpa majaw nga yang secular mung grai ahkyak
ai, chyum jawng kaw sha ningbaw ningshawng nga taw
nga ai, secular maga ningshawng nnga ai.
Dai ni anhte Hpung Woi ni a machye machyang a hte,
shanhte a hkaw tsun ai madang ra rawng ai majaw dai ni
madang kaw myit yu na lam nga ai lam:-
Hpung masha ni Buga kahtawng hkan hpung sara ni
hpe hkungga ai, madat mara ai lam nga ai, hpa majaw nga
yang si hkrung si htan, jam jau ai, pyaw ai, yak ai ten hta galoi
mung arau nga ai, mare salang, ningbaw ningla kaga ni gaw
rau n nga ai, grau nna anhte jinghpaw sha ni gaw dinghku ma-
jan yawng hkrum katut lai wa ga ai ni hkrai re. Dai ten hta n
hprawng ai sha hpung masha ni hte arau nga ai gaw hpung woi
ni re, dai shaloi grau myit hta kam hpa ai rau sha nga ai n kabai
kau da ai. Dai majaw hpung masha ni hpung woi wa a ga hpe
madat ai lam tai wa ai. Jam jau nga ai ten hta sara ni gaw n sit n
nawt ai sha hpung masha ni hte rau hprawng rau nga ai majaw
Kachin philo-quest
- 111 -
yaw shada ai lam hta Sara Saboi Jum gaw Press de lit la na
matu, Sara Awng La gaw KBC kaw amu madu galaw na matu,
Sara Maran Yaw gaw Hkristan hpaji up, Sara La Ja gaw chyum
jawng a matu yawng gaw missionary ningmu hku nna shi hte
shi galaw dat ai. Shanhte shatsam dat ai hte mung wa tai ma
ai. Dai a shawng daw de gaw Chyum Jawng lung ai gaw Maw
La Myaing, Pyimana Hkai Rem jawng, sara tai jawng lung ai
madang sha re. Kuthkai kaw chyum jawng hpaw wa nna 1967
ning kaw nna she Nawng Nang de chyum jawng ma ni kachyi
kachyi law wa ai re. Jawng ma grau law ai ladaw gaw 1988
ning Asuya jawng pat dat ai kaw nna grau law ai, bai langai
gaw maigan de lu du ai gaw chyum jawng lung la ai hku nna
sha she ngu ai idea lu la ai majaw mung re, dai majaw chyum
jawng de masha law ai re. Moi gaw jawng sara galaw nga ai
ni hpung hpe yu/woi ai re, Sara Hkawng Hawng ni gaw jawng
sara she re, Sam Mung Ginwang Amu madu Sara Tu Luk ni
gaw jawng sara she re, hpang daw de sha chyum jawng lung la
ai, Sara E Byu ni mung jawng sara re.
Ya gaw laning hte laning madang tsaw wa sai, Nawng
Nang Chyum Jawng mung chyum jawng kaw nna College
madang de du wa sai, du na 2015 ning hta gaw Libral Art, D.
Min ni hpaw wa nna Jinghpaw Wunpawng sha ni a Dakkasu
- 110 -
arawng aya lu jang jahpai nna jai lang mat ai. Htunghking kaw
mung amyat galaw wa ai, hpaga yumga hkan mung lu su wa
jang dinghku bya wa run wa ai. Ndai zawn re ai a madung gaw
foundation n ngang ai majaw byin ai lam ni re. Htingnut wa ai,
hkrat sum wa ai lam de law wa ai. Chyum laika hte n hkawm
ai, n hkan ai npawt hkri dun n ngang jang ntsa de wam
dam wa ai.
Ndai chyum laika Karai masa kaw gaw shi a masa kata
hku nna theology laika buk ni law law shapraw ma ai, Phil-
lipine, India, Africa hkan gaw “Black Theology”, “Asian The-
ology” ni “Liberation Theology” ni ka shapraw taw nga ma ai.
Korea kaw gaw “Minjung Theology” ni ka shale ai theologen
ni nga ai.
Raitim anhte kaw gaw hpa majaw n nga ai i ngu yang
n hkawn ai majaw re, tim ya gaw Rev. Dr. N-gan Tang Gun ka
ai laika buk ni mung nga wa sai. Dr. Zau Lat mung ka wa sai,
laika buk hku n rai tim magazine hkan laika ngau hku tinang
a ningmu, mabyin hpe ka bang ai lam nga ai. Raitim n law shi
ai re. Chyum Jawng lam hku nna madang tsaw ai Master hpe
sharin wa ai mung n na shi ai re. 2000 ning hpang daw de she
law wa ai re, moi gaw chyum jawng lung ai gaw marai 6-7 sha
re, ya she law wa ai re. Ya pyi M.Div madang Th.M madang
Kachin philo-quest
- 107 -
sha naw re, Ya nga wa ai ni gaw moi masa n hkrak ai ten hta
sharin lai wa ai ni re, ya hpang daw de gaw law wa na re. Anhte
gaw Academic hku Ph.D lu ai ni gaw marai 2, 3 ram sha naw
re. Hpaji kaw gaw anhte ni Kayin hte Hkang ni hpe n dep shi
ai. MIT kaw Hkang hte Kayin she grau law ai shanhte sha
shara la lu ma ai. MIT kaw anhte jinghpaw mung lawm ga ai
ngu na daram sha re.
Tinang a mabyin masa hku nna theology ka na re ai
shaloi langai mi tsang ra ai gaw masha a myit hpaji hte ka da
ai lam hku nna rai yang shi a aten hte aten nga ai, ga shadawn:
Minjung Theology hpe yu ga nga yang 1950 ning ndai ten
hkan Korea kaw manuk mana mying kaba sai re, matsan ai ni a
maga de tsap ya ai theology re. Ya ten hta shanhte ni lu su mat
nna ya na Korea ma ni Minjung ngu ai hpa re hpe n chye ma
sai. Dai majaw masha a ka da ai laika buk ni gaw shi aten hte
aten mat mat wa ai. Ya anhte laika ka na rai yang Karai a masa
(Biblical perspective) byin na ahkyak ai re; dai gaw makam
masham hku nna tsun ai. Mungkan hpaji ni gaw gara hku ka
tim n ra ai. Chyum laika hku nna theology hpe ka wa ai shaloi
woi jashut kau yang mung anhte a myit sawn ai lam ni hta yak
mat na re majaw grai sadi nna ka ra ai.
Dai ni German Liberal Theology ni ka ai gaw makam
- 108 -
masham n nga ai ni she ka ai re, Germany Asuya gaw laika
shapraw na matu gumhpraw lit la galaw ya ai, Laika ka manu
gumhpraw lu ai. Dai hpe sharin nna anhte kaga mungdan gaw
bri ma ai. Dai majaw ka yang mung makam masham chyum
laika hta mahta nna ka yang kaja na re, shing n rai yang anhte
hpe lam woi shadam ai sha tai na re. Makam masham ngu ai
gaw masha a matu manuk mana ahkyak ai re majaw atsawm
jahtuk na ka ra ai.
1954 htawra daw de gaw anhte MIT kaw Divinity
chyum jawng lung ai rai n nga shi ai, 1954 ning Manhkring
kaw galaw ai Myen Mung Hkalup Hpung Zuphpawng kaw
nna she marai 7 hpang wa ai re. Sara Lahtaw Gum Se, Sara
Saboi Jum, Sara Maji La Ja ni re. Htawra daw gaw “Ninghtan
Hpung” ngu nna mung masum (Mungmyit Sinli, Myikyina,
Mannaw) ngu nna hpaw wa ai. Dai shaloi na shawng nnan na
KBC Amu Madu gaw sara E Byu (jawng sara) re, chyum jawng
yu ai sara n nga ai majaw re. Moi gaw Mission hte jawng sara
kapyawn nna galaw ai re, dai ten hta chyum jawng lung mayu
ai myit mung n hkawn ai majaw mung byin mai ai hku nna woi
awn wa ai. Rai timung dai ten hta sasana sara kaba ni naw nga
ai, shanhte pawn ba wa ai kaw galu kaba wa ai re.
1954 ning Manghkring kaw nna MBC zuphpawng a
Kachin philo-quest
- 109 -
JINGHPAW AMYU MASHA NI A NINGMU
(World View or philosophy)
Jinghpaw a (philosophy) gaw jinghpaw ga shaga ai
ni hte grau seng ai hku re. Wunpawng kata na amyu langai
hte langai mung philo loi li shai hkat ai. Lawu na Philo byin
shangun ai lam kaba ni hpe yu yu ga.
1. Makam masham masa
Makam (belief), Manu shadan ai lam (values), Jaw jau
ai lai (rituals), Maumwi (mythology), Ga shagawp, ga malai
(proverbs and sayings), Hpaji ga (Wisdom), Riddles (gum-
wai), predominantly male, cooperation, fear of demons Jus-
tice, equality, kind to the weak e.g. Poor, orphans, widows.
Sincerely, mutual trust, social rather than individual. Warlike,
vengeance. arbitration rather than arbitrary judgment. Duwa
is not necessarily the real leader. Authority is based on well
experienced elderly people. Compensation settled any blood
feud. Every person must tie to kinship relation regardless of
aliens. Exogamous, Choosing the bride custom is multilateral
cross- cousin marriage. Levirate- taking the widow of the de-
ceased brother. Monogamy. Sometimes polygamy. Collective
- 126 -
hkrum ra ai, hpung langai sha byin ga hpe n tsun mayu ai, ka-
dai mung kade hpung rai nga na re unity mind ndai rawng nna
kadai mung kadai shakut nna matut mahkai (relationship) grai
ahkyak ai. Mung masa mung hpung mung grai law ai raitim
anhte wunhpawng amyu sha ni yawng a matu myit ra ai, dai
hte maren Sut masa hkan mung ndai myit jasat hte galaw yang
gaw anhte hkrum na re, yawng rawt wa na re. Dai ni anhte
KBC mung hpung hpe woi awn nga ai ni yawng Karai Kasang
hpe tsawra ai amyu sha ni hpe tsawra ai myit hte woi awn
nga ra na re. Mung masa, makam masham, htunghking ni
yawng kaja wa Karai Kasang hpe tsawra ai, amyu sha ni
hpe tsawra ai hte woi awn ai rai yang anhte a pandung lan-
gai kaw wa du lu na hpe kam ai, rau maren sha galu kaba
wa na re. Hpung hku sha galu kaba wa nna Mung masa gaw
kaga rai nga yang gaw balance n byin ai.
Sut masa madu gaw Karai Kasang, Mung masa a madu
gaw Karai Kasang, Hpyen galaw ai ni mung Hpyen a madu
gaw Karai Kasang mahkra ndai myit hte galaw yang anhte
jinghpaw wunpawng sha ni maren sha kalu kaba wa na hpe
kam ai. Kaga amyu ni hte anhte wunpawng sha ni a laklai ai
gaw family type nga ai, relationship nga ai dai gaw anhte a
n-gun re. Ya ngai la da ai gaw Lashi Num, Nye Nu gaw Maru
Kachin philo-quest
- 115 -
Num hpa garan na lam n nga ai, mahkra gaw gyit da ai, dai
gaw anhte a n-gun re kaga myu ni hta jan ai dai re. Dai majaw
rawt galu kaba ai amyu tai lu wa na matu gaw Hkristan makam
masham hpe manoi manat, myu baw sang matut hkat ra nga
ga ai.
Dr. Hkalam Sam Son (KBC-2010)
- 116 - - 125 -
rai nga ai. Lahtaw amyu lakung a npu e mung Lahtaw hte seng
ai htinggaw mying yawng hpe ka jahkrat da ya na rai nga ai.
Shaloi ramma ni gaw tinang gara lakung hta lawm ai, manang
wa gara lakung hta lawm ai, gara hku daw hkat na, gara hku
shachyen shaga na ngu ai hpe aloi sha chye la lu na rai nga ai.
Hpaji chye ai ni hpaji daw, gumhpraw lu ai ni gunhpraw shaw
rai jawm shakut yang n byin mai na lam n nga ai.
Dr. Hka Lum
- 124 - - 117 -
Sinna mung na masha ni shada hkrum yang du hkra
ladaw gara hku rai nga ai hpe san nna “How do you like the
weather?” ngu shachyen shaga ma ai. Iwa amyu masha ni
hkrum hkat yang hpaga yum ga lam hkrak nga a ni? nga nna
shaga jahta chye ma ai. Myen amyu masha ni manang shada
hkrum hkat yang,”Shat sha ngut sani? Hpa baw shat mai sha
myit ni?” nga nna shachyen hkat ma ai. Raitim shanhte gaw
amyu lakung ngu ai mi n nga ai majaw nnan hkrum hkat yang
“Na mying hpa rai ta? Gara buga na rai nni? Be-Za-Ti-Le? nga
nna shachyen shaga chye ma ai. Buga bung ai kaw na rai yang
hpa n chye n daw hkat tim jinghku majing zawn nawn ma ai.
Jinghpaw Wunpawng sha ni shada hkrum hkat yang, Ma kade
lu sani?” nga nna san hkat ma ai. Shawng nnan hkrum hkat
yang gaw, “Hkau gaw kadai kasha rai nni?” numsha hpe rai
yang,”Hkri gaw kadai kasha rai nni?” ngu san nna daw ang ai
hku bai shachyen shaga chye ma ai.
Moi shawng de dakkasu jawngma ni a magazine langai
mi hta lawu ga de jawng lung ai Jinghpaw shabrang langai mi
hte Jinghpaw numsha langai mi hkrum ai shaloi shabrang wa
gaw numsha hpe shachyen dat yu yang Maran num a kasha
re ai chye jang,”Na nu mung Maran, Nye nu mung Maran
AGU NGU RIT YAW, HKRI...
- 118 -
mayu dama daw hkat wa ai dinghku na aru arat ni hpe galoi
mung hkum garan nna shachyen shaga ma ai. Kaga kahpu ka-
nau, lawu lahta na htinggaw ni gaw mi na hte maren sha mayu
dama ding yang daw hkrat wa ai rai nga ai.
Ya na Jinghpaw Wunpawng shayi shadang sha ni
hpe ndai tsawm htap la ai Wunpawng htunghking shachyen
shaga lam hpe sharin ya ai lam galaw ra sai. Maru(Lhaovo)
ga Maru(Lhaovo) htunghking atsawm n chye mat sai
Maru(Lhaovo) lakung ni hpe Maru Tangbau ngu ai rai nga ai.
Jinghpaw ga Jinghpaw htunghking n chye mat sai ni
hpe kaning ngu na kun? Shachyen shaga lai masa hpe ka sha-
leng ai laika buk kaji(booklet) langai mi shapraw ra sai. Dai
laika a shawng na daw hta mayu dama, kahpu kanau shachyen
shaga ai lam hpe sang lang dan nna, hpang na daw hta gaw
Jinghpaw Wunpawng amyu lakung hpabaw gaw hpabaw re
ai ngu ai hpe ka matsing da na rai nga ai. Ga shadawn: La-
chid hku Mangshang ngu ai gaw Jinghpaw hku nna Nshang
Ran(Maran), Ngochang hku Lakuk ngu ai lakung gaw Jinghpw
hku Lahtaw, Maru(Lhaovo) hku Jumhpauk ngu ai gaw Jingh-
pw hku Labang, Rawang hku hpa baw rai yang Jinghpaw hku
kaning ngu na, ngu ai hpe tsun mayu ai. Daw masum ngu na
hta gaw, Marip lakung a npu e Marip htinggaw mying yawng
hpe ABCD hku alphabetical order ka matsing jahkrat da ya na
Kachin philo-quest
- 123 -
na shan hpu shan nau tai wa sai. Shan a kasha ni rai nga ai
Lahtaw kasha ni hte Lahpai kasha ni mung kahpu kanau daw
nna, la hkat ya hkat ai lam n galaw ma ai. Rai tim, kaga Lahtaw
nta na ni hte, kaga Lahpai nta na ni gaw ding yang mayu dama
ngu shaga nna la hkat ya hkat ma ai. Dai majaw Maran num
lahkawng a kasha yan raitim dai Maran num yan kanau kana
chyaw chyaw n rai yang Maran num shagu a kasha ni kahpu
kanau n rai ma ai. Kawa maga hku sha shachyen shaga ra ai.
La sha ni hku nna tinang a dama ni a shayi sha ni hpe kahkri
daw ma ai. Numsha ni mung tinang a kanu a kahpu kanau ni a
shadang sha ni hpe katsa daw ai majaw Tsa ba, Tsa Bawk, Tsa
Doi, Tsa Dim ngu shaga ma ai.
Tinang a dama kasha kahkri num garai n wa ai mah-
kawn ten hta Hkri ngu shaga tim, dai dama kasha kahkri num
sha hpe tinang a mayu kahkau wa hkungran la ai shaloi mayu
gumgai wa tai mat ai majaw Jinghpaw ga hta kahkri gaw kani
ngu shamying tsun ma ai. Dai majaw tsawra tsaba ngu ai mah-
kawn mangoi ni gaw Jinghpaw htunghking shachyen shaga
lam hte nhtan shai ai kaya kahpa sumtsaw sumra mahkawn rai
nga ai. Raitim, ram prat na byin chye ai hte maren kahkri katsa
jahka kau n mai nna dinghku de wa na rai yang yu htang ja
ngu ai bang nna mayu gaw dama nhtang tai, dama gaw mayu
nhtang tai re ai htung mung nga nga mali ai. Dai zawn rai
- 122 -
nga yang gaw, an nau she daw nga ai, Agu ngu shaga rit yaw,
Hkri,” nga nna shachyen shaga ai hpe hti hkrup yu nngai. Ya
prat anhte Jinghpaw Wunpawng ramma shayi shadang sha ni
masha amyu ni a lapran e nga nna hpaji sharin, kan bau amu
bungli galaw, kanawn mazum sa wa ai majaw tinang a amyu
htung hking shachyen shaga lam hpe n chye mat wa ai lam
shadum ai rai nga ai. Dai hku byin nga ai hpe kaning di nna
sharai na ngu mung hpaji jaw ra nhten.
Shan hpraw sasana sara langai mi Jinghpaw Wunpawng
sha ni a shachyen shaga ai lam hpe n chye ai majaw,”Nanhte
Jinghpaw ni gaw tinang a kasha daram re ai wa hpe aji ngu
shaga ai gaw gara hku ta?” nga nna san ai da. Lashio mare
kaw Jinghpaw sara kaba langai mi a nta e sara kaba a kashu
daram re ai jinghku kasha la sha ma langai mi sa nga lawm nna
jawng lung nga ai. Anhte gaw sara kaba hpe grai hkungga la ra
let shaga nga yang dai la sha ma gaw sara kaba hpe “Eh, shu,
eh shu,” nga nna shaga nga ai hpe dum nngai.
Myen amyu masha ni gaw tinang amyu hte tsan ai
tsasam ni hpe gaw kawa daram re ai wa hpe abba, kanu daram
re ai wa hpe ame, kahpu daram re ai wa hpe ako, kana daram
re ai num hpe ama , kanau numsha daram re ai kajan kasha ni
hpe nyi ma,kamoi daram re ai wa hpe adaw, kashu daram re ai
wa hpe nga mye, kanu hta kaji ai la ni hpe ulay, kasha daram re
Kachin philo-quest
- 119 -
ai ni hpe thar lay (shadang sha), thami lay(shayi numsha) nga
nna shaga chye ma ai. Dai majaw Jinghpaw num la ai Myen la
ni gaw katsa hpe Awa, ngu shaga nna, kani hpe Anu, ngu shaga
ma ai. Rung langai mi hta marai langai mi Uncle nga jang
rung ting na ramma ni yawng gaw dai wa hpe uncle ngu shaga
ma ai. Hpawmi langai mi rai yang mung yawng a auntie rai
wa sai da. Kala amyu ni mung dai hku shachyen shaga ai hpe
mu mada ga ai. English, American sinna masha ni gaw tinang
a kawa n rai yang Daddy(Awa)ngu n shaga ma ai. Tinang a
kanu n re ai num hpe mummy(Anu) ngu n shaga ma ai.Tinang
a kamoi n re ai num hpawmi hpe Auntie(Amoi) ngu n shaga
ma ai.
Jinghpaw Wunpawng sha ni shada daw hkat ai lam hta
mayu dama, lawu lahta kahpu kanau hta hkan nna shachyen
shaga ai lam amyu myu nga ai. Kawa a kawa hpe Aji shing
n rai Jidwi(Manmaw de na ni Dwi la), kawa a kanu hpe
Atwi(Manmaw de na ni Dwi num), nga shaga ma ai. Kanu
a kawa hpe ajum shing n rai Achyum(Manmaw ga na ni Hkai
la), kanu a kanu hpe Atwi(Manmaw ga na ni Hkai num) ngu
shaga ma ai.
Dai hta kaga tinang a mayu a mayu gaw yu ji rai nga ai
majaw, asak kaji tim asak kaba tim la ni hpe aji, ajum ngu sha-
ga nna, num ni hpe rai jang Atwi ngu shaga ma ai. Dai majaw
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tinang hta grai kaji ai ni hpe ajum ngu nna hkungga la ra shaga
ai rai nga ai. Dama a dama hpe gaw asak kaji tim kaba tim, Shu
ngu shaga ai rai nga ai. Dai hta n-ga, Ma Gam a amyu lakung
ni gaw shawng dinghku de ai majaw, Ma Gam a kashu ni hte
kanau hpungdim a kasha ni gaw asak nau n shai hkat ai sha
kaba wa ma ai. Kalang lang Ma Gam a kashu mahtang asak
grau kaba nna Ma Yaw a kasha mahtang asak grau kaji tim, Ma
Yaw a kasha gaw Ma Gam a kashu hpe Sha ngu shaga ra ai.
Dai gaw ban kaji kaba hta hkan nna shaga ai majaw rai nga ai.
Num sha ni maga de na mung tinang a madu wa a kahpu hpe
mung Gu ngu shaga nna, tinang a madu wa a kawa hpe mung
Gu ngu shaga ai. Tinang a madu wa a kanau la sha hpe Rat ngu
shaga nna, tinang a madu wa a kanu hpe Moi ngu shaga nna,
madu wa a kana, kajan ni hpe Ning sha ngu ma ai.
Jinghpaw Wunpawng sha ni a daw hkat ai lam gaw
kawa maga na amyu hkan nna kahpu kanau nga ai zawn, num
la num ya lam a majaw mayu amyu bung ai la hkrup nna num
hpang hpu wa ni mung nga nga ma ai. Dai num hpang hpu wa
ni gaw kahpau kanau hku sha shaga hkat ma ai.
Ga shadawn, Maran htinggaw mi na kasha Maran Kaw
hpe Lahtaw Gam la nna, Maran Lu hpe Lahpai Naw la yang
Lahtaw Gam hte Lahpai Naw gaw Maran num garai n la yang
mayu dama kahkau rai tim, Maran num la hkrum ai shani kaw
Kachin philo-quest
- 121 -
invest great effort, energy and wisdom to standardize it so that
in a new future Kachin food may become commercial products
to world community. This is the sign of a growing civiliza-
tion in the cultural landscape of Kachin people for which we
should give thanks to God who gives this culture.
Our Cultural Dress of the Wedding Ceremony
In 2004, I have had an opportunity to meet a lady tour-
ist at Myitkyina YMCA who carried a big video camera while
the wedding ceremony was in the process. In the midst of be-
ing very busy with taking her picture, I asked her this ques-
tion: “What is your main project in taking this picture?” she
then responded to me in a highly esteem way. “I have been
travelling almost everywhere in lower Myanmar,” she said, to
collect the video picture of the wedding ceremony from each
ethnic group, and I observe the facts that this dress during your
wedding ceremony seems to be the most beautiful as well as a
dignifi ed occasion among all other wedding ceremonies in the
country”.
The statement having mentioned above, came from the
heart of a foreigner who expressed it from the perspective of
cultural education. How should I respond to it? I may not be in
- 138 -
decision.
2. Nga sat nga sa lai len (Social structure)
i. Nta dinghku (family) an agreement between
two families. Kanu, Kawa, Kashu Kasha, lawu
lahta hte Jinghku masat ai lam
ii. Makyin Jinghku lam (Extended family). Waji
wukam hkyeng ai asak kaba sai, mahkrum
madup nga sai, ni daw dan hparan ai.
(patriarchal)
iii. Num wawn num la lam- Patrilineal re ai majaw
Male dominant re.
iv. Ndai num wawn num la lam gaw individual sha
n re social ting hte seng ai re. Alliance, Mayu
hte Dama (giving bride, taking bride)
v. Infi delity within the married state is not com-
mon- and a divorce is next to impossible-Han-
son.
Kachin philo-quest
- 127 -
Mayu:
Moi mung ya mung shayi la ang ai amyu ni,
tinang hte amyu roisai bung ai ni a shayi la ai ni
tinang hte Pu sin dun ai ni shayi la ai ni.
Dama:
Tinang a shayi num sha hpe la ai ni,
tinang a amyu daw ang ai ni a shayi la ai ni
Hpu nau:
Amyu sai majing re ai ni. Hkring htawng
shachyaw ai Heritage hte seng ai re. Amyu a
identity mung re. e.g.. Lahpai mying matut
shamying mat wa ai.
- Lawu lahta Hpu nau ni
- Num la rum ai ni
- Num jawm ya da ai ni
- Magam amyu lama ma a majaw daw ang la
ai ni hpu nau kumbang jun ai ni (band)
Kashu kahkri:
Kajan a kasha ni hpe kahkri ni (Alliance)
- Kahkri a madu wa hpe kashu ni
- Tinang a shayi sha la ai ni hte kahkri ni
- Tinang a kasha ni a kasha ni hpe kashu ni.
- 128 -
step of theological studies; however, during summer holidays
I used this for going back and forth between the two countries
for fi ve years. To spend my time at leisure I sometimes visited
Kachin community, especially Starpru area, and I saw there
that our cultural landscapes were changed moderately; for I
saw many Shat Seng (food selling shops) where non-Kachin;
Chinese, Burmese, Indians, even the western tourists were
fl ocking around Kachin Shat Seng every evening.
Presently, Kachin food is able to give its distinctive
fl avor to support the appetite of the consumers, and this is
especially convenient for everyone who wants to keep away
from using food items with oily substances. When Looking at
Kachin food from the perspective of globalization, it is grow-
ing up and being popular in the midst of International com-
munity. In Japan, there are four Kachin restaurants which are
selling mainly food; and one time, a Japanese pastor and I used
to enjoy the Kachin noodle there. I observe that once a Japa-
nese pastor started eating, he never stop until he ended up his
noodle with a word of appreciation, “Very Good.”
While in the process of selling Kachin food within and
outside Jinghpaw Buga, I wish to give my assessment on it in
a sense that our young people of the present generation should
Kachin philo-quest
- 137 -
In the process of my tourism, a western tourist hap-
pened to ask me like this: “What is an International food you
have in Burma?” Surprisingly, I was not able to give a correct
answer, and I was in a silent mood. Minutes later, he continued
another question: “Is that Muk-hin-kha?” Then, I responded
him, “oh, probably yes, you are right.”
At the end of my theological tourism I arrived back
home with the normal condition of physical body: mind, intel-
lect and theological view being refreshed to a certain degree. I
visited many churches within Kachin Baptist Convention so as
to give or to share my theological refl ection which I received
from academic studies and Asian tourism. My refl ection fo-
cused mainly on how to improve our system of Kachin food
to meet the fl avor of foreigners and how to make it to become
like international food.
By that time I transferred my service from the church
ministry to teaching ministry at theological school, Nawng
Nang. It was in December, 1993 when I joined with my stu-
dents in the school campaign. As we arrived at one church com-
munity in the evening, we were hosted by a Christian family
at dinner with Kachin food helping us meet our native fl avor.
Then soon after I left for the Philippines to prepare my fi nal
- 136 -
vi. Sut lu lam
Moi prat hta sut hpaga ngu ai gaw Jum hpaga,
kanoi hpaga, Pasi hpaga, kani, rigawng hpaga,
ashu ashan, namlaw namlap hte kaga ni. Dai ni
na prat hta gaw hpaga amyu hkum chye wa sai,
Lungseng, Ja hpaga kaw nna hkawt, Commu-
nal hku nna sa ai. Individual hku nna indepen-
dently galaw ai de naw sa ra ai.
vii. Mung masa
Gumchying gumsa kawn sha ai.
Hierarchy masa.Hereditary, (kasha ni du bai tai
ai) e.g. North Korea, Libya, Syria and etc...
Gum rawng gumtsa – egalitarian masa
Gum Lau- rawt malan masa, divisive de gale
wa lu ai.
viii. Hpaji lam
Informal education, survival knowledge chye
ai. (experience kaw na lu ai) dai hpe value tawn
ai.
Kachin philo-quest
- 129 -
Language – grammatical pattern – SOV. Tonal
language, an abstract verb is rarely used. An
action verb is very much common. An adjec-
tive is mostly stative verb. E.g. tsawm ai, tsit
ai, chyang ai. Causative – prefi x, sha-ja- e.g.
shachyang, jahkrung ai. (transitive and intran-
sitive verb). Kachins are prone to practical than
theoretical.
Rev. Dr. Maran Ja Gun (KTC)
- 130 -
(Jauman buga manang ni), used to trap or snare stupidly in try-
ing to catch jungle fowls. Yes, I did enjoy those jungle meats
very deliciously, and yet have I been honest, just and faithful to
the environment of my native village? Let me leave this ques-
tion to my readers of this theological refl ection.
Our Food In Flavor (namchyim) of Native Culture
In the years between 1964-86, I have had the privilege
from God to study theological education at the Presbyterian
College and Theological Seminary Graduate School Seoul,
Korea. I received my Th.M. degree from this school, and my
way back was scheduled by the Director of Christian Educa-
tion Department of the Christian Conference of Asia to be in-
volved in theological tourism in Asian nations. In accordance
with this schedule, I was able to spend two weeks in Japan, one
week in Hongkong, two weeks in Singapore, and two weeks
in Bangkok. The main purpose of that theological tourism was
to help me observe theological seminaries, Christian organiza-
tions, Asian cultural landscape, Ecumenical organizations of
particular country in Asian region and to help me enjoy Asian
ways of life, food, social relationship within the Asian con-
text.
Kachin philo-quest
- 135 -
of our Jinghpaw Buga. This Psalm expresses that David, being
King of Israel, was also a poet. In this Psalm David starts his
writing with the natural landscape of the setting where he was
tending his sheep.
Consequently, this Paslm 23 tell us about the green
pastures, quiet waters, the deep valley inside where running
of the rivers, rocks, fl owers would be seen. This Pslam mainly
focuses on God’s natural landscape that comforted the boy Da-
vid when he took care of his sheep. Practically speaking, this
Psalm was supposed to have been composed during a period
of his kingship. This Psalm helps us to understand that King
David was recalling the experience of his distant past of being
a shepherd in a sense that life as a shepherd became the happi-
est time which could never be restored back even in the time
of kingship.
While I am writing this chapter, I immediately recall
those surrounding sights in the country-side of my village,
namely, Umhta Ga I still remember how much I had enjoyed
walking as far as the area where I could pick fruits of blackber-
ry (Saga chyang si), arbutus (Saga hkyeng si), and sometimes I
used to collect peach (Shangum si), and bamboo shoots (Kawa
makru) from my garden; and the way I, with my compatriots
- 134 -
Rev. Dr. N-gan Tang Gun (KTC)RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRReeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeevvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv.................. DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrr.............. NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN---------------------gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaannnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaannnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnngggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuunnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn ((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)))))))))))))))))))))))))
- 131 -
Anhte ya yang asak hkrung nga ai lam
Jinghpaw Wunpawng prat dep sak kung ni a mahkrum
madup, machye machyang ni gaw, lahta na ga baw hpe mahtai
jaw lu na matu tup hkrak (teng tup) ging dan sai ngu hkam la
(hkap la) na n loi na re. Hpa majaw? Anhte yawng gaw lahta
na ga baw ni hte seng nna hpaji masa (Academic) hku hkaja
sharin hkam la ai n re ai sha, makau grup-yin mungdan ni a
asak hkrung lam hte shing daw jahkrup yu yang anhte a nga sat
nga sa ni hkrat sum nga ai hpe mu mada ai majaw (Compara-
tive Study) galaw ai kaw na lu la ai hpaji sha rai na re.
Ga baw hkrang ni hpe yu ai lam
Shaloi, Htunghking lailen, nga sat nga sa, galaw lu
galaw sha, malu masha, makam masham, ginru ginsa labau,
hpaji hparat hte maumwi mausa ga baw kaji ni a lam hpe Spe-
cialize galaw nga ai masha ni san tawn da nhtawm hpaji hpyi
yang grau masan sa na re, ngu kam ai. Hpa majaw nga yang,
lahta na ga san, ga baw ni hte seng nna hpaji jaw ai mahtai n
bung ai. Nga ginra hta hkan nna, amyu sha baw sang ni hta
hkan nna shai taw nga ai hpe mu lu ai. (There are differences
Jinghpaw Wunpawng myu sha ni myu sha lan-
gai hku nna ngang kang nga lu na matu kan-
ing re ai lawng lam ni ahkyak a ta?
- 132 -
in normative pattern in value judgment). Gara hku rai tim, ya
yang asak hkrung nga ai Kanu Kawa ni gaw, shi hte shi, ginra
hte ginra, lahta e san da ai ga san ni hpe ningmu jaw lu ai
Jinghpaw Wunpawng ninghkring ni (Kachin Experts) nga ai
hpe dum lu ga ai. Ndai Jinghpaw Wunpawng ninghkring ni a
ningmu garan kachyan ai hpaji ni hpe hpaji masa (Academic)
hte bawng ban ai lam (Seminar) galaw nhtawm, mahtai tam na
gaw Kachin Philo-quest hpung ni a lit rai sai ngu kam nngai.
Ngai hku nna shang lawm lu ai ningmu:
Ngai ka da ai “Kachin Culture and Tradition in Myan-
mar: Our Theological Refl ection” laika buk a, laika man (88)
daw kaba (8) hta, “Our Cultural Landscape” a lam lawm ai.
Our Cultural Landscape
Introduction
Where is, and what is our cultural landscape? To an-
swer this question is to say that our cultural landscape is none
other than our Jinghpw Wunpawng Buga itself, and it is located
in this Jinghpaw Buga. Why then this writing about our land-
scape begins with the Scripture from Psalm 23? This is mainly
because I want to make use of theological refl ecting of King
David. Now, let us refl ect on Psalm 23 together in the context
Kachin philo-quest
- 133 -
galaw ai shaloi Bum ga de, Myihtoi, Dumsa, Hkin Jawng ni
hte hkrum shaga na matu lung wa ai. Rai tim, dai aten hta ndai
Nat jaw ninghkring ni si mat masai. Dai shaloi Sara Ja Li tsun
ai gaw, “Anhte a Yup Research Center galaw ai lam shaning
(50) hpang hkrat mat sai, ngu ai re.”
Ngai hku nna sang lang dan mayu ai hta, (ga san No.
4, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12) ni hpe yu ai shaloi, (global scope) mungkan
masa ningmu hte matut mahkai ya nga ai hpe mu lu ai. Dai
majaw grai kaja sai lam tsun shana dat nngai law.
Rev. Dr. N-gan Tang Gun (KTC)
- 150 -
the position to say “yes” or “no.” The option to say “yes” then
let us appreciate our Kachin dress, “costume,” which we use
at wedding ceremony and at the same time, let us unanimously
agree to modernize it so that our dress and our wedding cere-
mony will be more apparently popular among an international
community.
My point of context here is trying to say that not only
should the dress and wedding ceremony be appreciable and
beautiful when viewed by outsiders, but a more important thing
would be that of our attitudes, our characters, life style and
value system of the Kachin people, and that we must express
a true identifi cation with beauty of our dress of the Kachin
people. Who is going to solve our problem while our dress
and wedding ceremony become more popular in the national
level as well as in an international level yet when our younger
generation of this present century, entirely disappear from the
view of our cultural landscape?
Our Manau Dance
When did our ancestors start the celebration of the
Manau Dance?; or when was the beginning of Manau Dance—
how and what was its main aim and purpose?
Kachin philo-quest
- 139 -
My aim and purpose of choosing this chapter is to be
able to answer this question in theological refl ection.
My article on “Our Herbal Medicine,” chapter (3) has
already discussed that when the Greet Flood (in our mythol-
ogy) took place on earth the Mahtum Mahta gods (heavenly
beings) gave protection upon Daru Chyani and magam Shabyi
for their life of well being in justice and being faithful to good
spirit on earth; that means, they were taken up to the heavenly
abode, namely Mahtum Mahta Ga.
During that time, Daru Chyani and Magam Shabyi
stayed there in friendly terms and in good tune with differ-
ent kinds of animals. However, when the Great Flood entirely
subsided a small drum, which carried them during the Flood,
fi nally rested on “Flat-topped Hill” (Majoi Shingra Bum).
Hence Daru Chyani and Magam Shabyi were able to fi nd their
place to start a new life and a new civilization on earth.
Our tradition, having transpired to the present century
through the oral divination of our animist elders, informed us
that while our ancient people stayed in Majoi Shingra Bum,
they used to visit up and down between heavenly abode and
Majoi Shingra Bum so as to exchange their cultures and civi-
lization. Consequently, the fi rst thing that Daru Chyani and
- 140 -
hpun sumraw lam ni hpe manu shadan chye ai myit masa hpaji
ni shangai shalat ra sai.
Lahta na maka kumla ni hpe grau nna prat dep lai masa
de du lu hkra (Modernize) byin lu hkra gaw gap la ra sai, ngu
hkam la nngai.
4. Philosophize (or) Theologize
Myit masa hpaji ladat shaw na kun? (sh) Karai masa
hpaji the mahkri jashawn na rai kun?
Anhte Jinghpaw Wunpawng amyu sha ni a rawt galu
kaba lam gaw hkye hkrang la ai Madu Yesu Hkristu hpe kam
sham ai kaw na hpang wa ai re majaw, hpa baw galaw na rai
tim, Karai Kasang n hkraw na kun? Karai Kasang je yang na
kun? ngu hkrit tsang ra ga ai. Tsun mayu ai gaw, Jinghpaw
Wunpawng amyu sha ni a myit masa hpaji hpe gyin shalat lu
na matu Karai Kasang hpe ahkang hpyi ra ga ai. Lam mi hku
bai bawng ban mayu ai gaw, Nat jaw prat hta anhte a (Way of
Life) asak hkrung shingni hpe Hkin Jawng Dumsa ni a n-gup
aga kaw na grai tsun wa sai rai tim, shanhte hku nna dai hpaji
ni hpe hpaji masa (Academic) hku nna n ka mazing da ai re
majaw, mat mat sai.
Sara Kaba Pungga Ja Li gaw Yup Research Center
Kachin philo-quest
- 149 -
teners in the status quo.
Dai kaw gabaw kaji (3) lawm ai. (A) Anhte a htunghk-
ing lusha (our food in native culture), (B) Amyu sha bu hpun
lam (our cultural dress), (C) Amyu sha ka manawt lam (our
manau dance) ngu ai lam hpe tang madun da sai.
Shing rai tang madun ai hta yaw shada ai lam gaw:
1. Malu masha
Anhte a htunghking malu masha hpe mungkan madang
hta dan dawng wa lu shangun sai.
2. Ka manawt dingsawt
Anhte a manau nau ai lam hpe mungkan madang hta pyi kaja
dik, tsawm dik ai htung hking ka shingni re lam ndau shana
dan lu sai.
3. Bu hpun sumraw
Anhte a bu hpun sumraw ai lam hpe mungkan hta (grau
nna hkungran poi bu hpun palawng) ni hpe maigan masha ni e
grai manu shadan shagrau sha-a ai madang du wa lu shangun
sai, Dai majaw, anhte Jinghpaw Wunpawng amyu sha ni gaw,
(grau nna tsaban 21 ban na Ramma shayu shadang sha ni hku
nna) anhte a htunghking ka manawt lam, malu masha lam, bu
- 148 -
Magam Shabyi had to do was to learn from the heavenly be-
ings what the Manau Dancing was all about. Since then, the
Mahtum Mahta leaders were responsible to help them observe
fi rst, “Fish dancing” in the running water, and then “Frog danc-
ing” on the muddy place.
After having seen that Fish dancing and frog dancing,
Daru Chyani and Magam Shabyi were invited to go up in the
heavenly abode, and there, they performed together the fi rst
Manau Dancing.
Our theological refl ection here will remind all read-
ers of this chapter in a sense that our Kachin Manau Dance,
from the very beginning, started with the divine initiatives of
heavenly beings (the sun-gods) who were taking care of our,
apparently called, Kachin ancestors in time of the Great Flood.
Hence, this culture and tradition of Manau Dance belong to the
idea of a true God, to whom we worship now, though its idea
has not been explicitly expressed as in the present form.
Learning the Art of Manau Dance from the Birds
Our ancestors came down from Majoi Shingra Bum and
gheey arrived at another Majoi Ginra (majoi Station) namely
Mali Hku Majoi. Dinghta Gunseng La Shabrang and his wife,
Hpungdim Kai Nang, were their chiefs; how long they stayed
Kachin philo-quest
- 141 -
there had been unknown, but our ancestors proceeded toward
Chyaihku Majoi their victory in life and prosperity.
Our ancestors proceeded again toward Hkring Hku
Majoi under another leadership of Jawa Rumja and his wife,
Madai Ma Hpraw Nga. It was a time that our ancestors adapt-
ed the patterns and design of Manau dancing while they were
in the process of learning it from the birds with the aim of
modernizing it in different way. Our tradition informs us that
during a time when our ancestors stayed in Hkranghku Majoi
there was a very lazy boy called, ma Ding-yau who never did
his work for his livelihood.
As a consequence his compatriots arrested him, to put
him in the basket then tied it to a banyan tree with a staring. In
this way, Ma Ding-yau has had no other way than spending all
days by way of listening the language of the birds, their music
and observe the way they were dancing.
Now was a time that Jawa Rumja and Madai Ma Hpraw
Nga were preparing for Manau Dance; however the problem
was how the steps and structures of dancing could be practi-
cally performed by them? Fortunately, this problem was easily
solved because the young men of HKranghku Majoi used to
get in touch with Ma Ding-yau daily, and through this way,
- 142 -
ternalize what the missionaries would think of the basic atti-
tude of the Kachin people in general, and I surmise what they
would re-evaluate it in particular--- for instance,
Kchin people are good at listening while they are very
slow to start doing job meaningfully, as mentioned in (James
1:22-23).
If I were to mention my own experience here, I would
say that because of our pioneering missionaries, Kachins had
become an advantageous community more than those other
surrounding non-Kachin groups. We have been privileged to
improve ourselves in all aspects of life because God has been
with us in the presence of our missionaries. My point of con-
text in saying this is that we have been very slow to identify
what the cultural landscape of Jinghpaw Wunpawng Buga is
all about. Consequently, our younger generations are more re-
sponsible to express urgently of our Kachin culture in terms
of modernizing Kachin food, dress, and dance properly in the
outlook of globalization.
To express our culture in terms of food, dress and dance
will be not the end result of understanding our cultural land-
scape. Our younger generations have yet to start doing things
actively in relation to this rather than just becoming good lis-
Kachin philo-quest
- 147 -
ecumenical spirit in fellowship; hence, at the Kachin Manau
Dance many international tourists, from different part of the
world, could come to enjoy it. Today this dance has become
the symbol of our ethnic identity as well as an expression of
Kachin Christian contextual theology.
Conclusion
My aim and purpose of choosing this chapter under
the title of “Our Cultural Landscape” is being able to share my
personal, heart-felt experiences together with my philosophy
of life upon the cultural landscape of Jinghpaw Wunpawng
Buga to my next generation.
As I try to collect words from sermons and encour-
agement from the pioneering missionaries among the Kachins,
signifi cantly, Rev. Dr. William Henry Roberts, Rev. Dr. Ola
Hanson and Rev. George J. Geis, I fi nd that these pioneer trios
laid the foundations in erection of the structure of what we now
call KBC in terms of socio-cultural and religious life; giving
us a political blue-print, creation of the language, education,
livelihood, hearth care, agricultural job, handicraft, civiliza-
tion for humanity as well as humility, and so forth.
In the process of this historical movement I try to in-
- 146 -
Jawa Rumja and Madai Ma Hpraw Nga were given the good
news that ma Ding-yau had been able to understand the lan-
guage of the birds which made him learn all the different forms
of their dancing steps from the culture of the birds. No sooner
had it happened than Ma Ding-yau was released and he re-
turned back where he was welcome by the Central Committee
of Manau Festival. This Manau dance would express life of
prosperity for the family of jawa Rumja and Madai Ma Hpraw
Nga, the chief of our ancestors, when they arrived at Hkrangh-
ku Majoi. The Central Committee of Manau Dance appointed
Ma Ding-yau to be the leader of Manau Dancing which laid
the foundation of our Kachin Manau Dance which we do until
this day.
Theological Refl ection on Manau Dance
Before 1977, although almost 90 percent of Kachin
people had already become Christians, Manau festival was
celebrated in the cultural form of animism. However by 1977
when Kachin Baptist Convention celebrated its Centennial an-
niversary the Central Committee unanimously agreed to in-
clude Manau Dance in the worship program as part of social
entertainment.
Kachin philo-quest
- 143 -
In other words, the leaders of Kachin Baptist Con-
vention proposed through theological refl ection, for the fi rst
time, to Christianize Manau Dance from the perspective of
contextual theology. Since that time Manau Dance became a
popular program, and it had been a well-known performance
at every religious occasion as a way of expressing thanks to
God. In such case Christian leaders viewed that it would be
unnecessary to get permission from our traditional nats in or-
der to celebrate Manau Dance; and it is unbiblical as well as
not being theological to interview traditional ats through me-
diums of their spirits with the assumption that those traditional
nats were supposed to be the owner of the Manau culture. Yet,
Kachin Christian still faces cultural as well as theological con-
fl ict whenever this Manau Dance would be celebrated in time
of Kachin State Day and in other special occasions.
To put it more clearly, I would say that the inclusion of
manau dance in social occasion on the part of Church activity
is alright as it has been understood by Church members prop-
erly from the cultural and theological perspective. However, it
still remains confl ict and confusion whenever manau celebra-
tion is presented at special occasion like kachin State Day, the
Union Day (celebration was done formally) or at a welcoming
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ceremony for both special national and International Guests.
At present situation, such kind of minor confusion and con-
fl ict between culture and practical theology seem unavoidable;
unavoidable does not mean “unbridgeable.” In other words,
the present Church leaders, particularly pastors, ministers and
deacons are more responsible in bridging this gap between tra-
ditional culture and Christian faith in relation to Manau dance
in future ministry.
Whatever the problem and confl ict we are facing now,
may be due to our lack of cultural education on the part of the
history of Manau Dance. Consequently, we have many parts
we need to improve on if our understanding of Kachin cultures
and traditional practices of the distant past from Christian per-
spective are to be understood in today settings.
This chapter is trying to re-evaluate the signifi cance of
our Kachin Manau Dance in a sense that the cultural role of
this Manau Dance involves a unifi cation of all Kachin ethnic
minorities as a way of sharing the spirit of comfort, equality,
freedom of life, justice and peace; the participants in a dance
express their faithfulness as well as their interdependence
among themselves.
This Manau Dance is also expressing the so-called,
Kachin philo-quest
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