Oct 2009 – Hervé PERO, European Commission

VLVvT 09 Athens meetingThe EU and Global issues

Basics of the development of the European Research Area

The ERA concept combines:• a European "internal market" for

research, where researchers, technology and knowledge freely circulate;

• an effective European-level coordination of national and regional research activities, programmes and policies;

• initiatives implemented and funded jointly.

World-class research infrastructures

Key element of the Lund declaration adopted on 8 July 09

- Essential for Europe’s researchers to stay at the forefront of research development

- Key component of Europe’s competitiveness in “frontier” research

Key Challenges:

- Overcoming fragmentation in Europe- Coping with increasing costs / complexity - Improving efficiency of (and access to)

research infrastructures services, incl. e-infrastructures

• Political willingness to develop RIs of pan-European (and international) interest…

• Critical mass (scale & scope) to raise attractiveness of ERA…

Europe faces two main challenges…

… but there is NO « one size fits all » solution

RIs of pan-European interest require professional management throughout their life-cycle (from preparation to decommissioning).

This entails a wide range of activities as RIs not only provide access to highly sophisticated equipment; they also train people, participate in technology development, and may be responsible for establishing standard operation procedures

Extract of the 2007 ERA expert group

This is even more true if we want an ‘eco-system’

of Research Infrastructures within ERA

a) Large (single-sited) facilitiesb) Distributed European Facilitiesc) Network of national facilities

Based on a) a consistent roadmap

from the European stakeholdersb) Links with universities & schoolsc) Network of industrial suppliers /

users

Support given by FP7 Research Infrastructures

action

Existing infrastructures

Design studies

New infrastructures

Construction ( Preparatory phase; implementation phase)

Integrating activities

e-Infrastructures

ESFRIRoadmap

Policy development / Programme implementation

( call FP7-INFRASTRUCTURES-2010-1)

Physical Sciencesand Engineering

SPIRAL2

PRINS

ELI

SKA

CTAE-ELT

KM3NeTFAIR

8 projects

Links with other ESFRI projects,

such as EMSO…

• Design Study: EC contribution €5 million

45 months (end Oct. 2009), total costs ~ M€ 17.6) Design for a cubic-kilometre sized deep-sea neutrino telescope (evaluation of procedures for assembly and construction; models for operation and maintenance)

• Preparatory phase: EC contribution €9 million

48 months (end Feb. 2012), total costs ~ M€ 13) Towards a pan European facility; legal, governance and financial engineering; international networking; integration with regional and global marine and environmental systems (in particular EMSO)

EC support to KM3NeT

1) The Preparatory Phase help mainly facilitating

pooling of resources for new research infrastructures

Inclusion in Specific RTD

Programme(s)

Inclusion in REGIO / DG DEV strategic plans

Stakeholdersincl. EIROs

Member States

Inclusion in national

Programmes

Projects

European Commission

EIBRSFF

Up to now 34 ESFRI projects are supported+ 10 to come…

Construction + operational costs !

New Research Infrastructurescurrent Preparatory phases

MoUs between Member States?

2) Integrating Activity also help the development of

critical mass, distributed facilities all over Europe

Collaboration of existing research infrastructures

Three types of obligatory activities Networking Activities Trans-national Access and/or Service

Activities Joint Research Activities EC funds ~250 M€/y

2,5% of EU needsAbout 300 RIs

supported under FP

Integrating activities Targeted approach

The three next FP7 calls address defined topics, focusing on strategic priorities

With topics for the potential follow-up of projects and with topics for the opening to new communities

More topics than can be funded to ensure competition

Funding scheme: CP-CSA (combination of ‘collaborative project’ & ‘coordination and support actions’)

See (within call 2010, closing 3 Dec 2009) topic 34: RIs for dark matter search, neutrinos, gravitational waves)

e-Infrastructuresinterconnecting communities

Call closing on November 24, 2009

Distribution of projects per scientific domain and

activity (FP7, up to 2009, 687 M€)

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

e-infrastructures Physics andAstronomy

Life Sciences Environmentand EarthSciences

Social sciencesand Humanities

Engineeringand Energy

Mathematicsand Computer

Sciences

others

Nu

mb

er o

f p

roje

cts

Policy development (23)

Design Studies (14)

Construction - Preparatory Phase (34)

ICT based e-infrastructures (28)

Integrating Activities (38)

236 M€

174 M€

111 M€

76 M€

29 M€ 46 M€

10 M€

5 M€

Global issues? Vision?

Vision: the renaissance

of Europe

• A fully integrated, consistent, efficient eco-system of Research Infrastructures, serving researchers in all S&T fields

• Based on European wide e-infrastructures

• Research Infrastructures as knowledge industry for the knowledge society and source of attraction for world scientists

Vision: the storm

• Other regions (world) have become much more attractive than Europe for researchers

• European research actions are loosing its scientific and technological relevance

• In addition, knowledge generated for years by European researchers is being exploited through the www. by others

Another way - more proactive -

is to present key factors affecting the vision,

e.g.

• Capacity (or not) to develop a favorable environment for EU research (not just national)

• Capacity (or not) to strengthen relations with education and with industry

• Capacity (or not) to work together to face increasingly complex problems / costly solutions

• Capacity (or not) to to face research internationalization

Capacity (or not) to develop a favorable environment for EU

research (not just national)

Overall environment

Efficiency of Research Infrastructures at the centre of the knowledge triangle

relate to a favourable environment

ResearchResearch EducationEducation

InnovatioInnovationn

Research infrastructur

esKnowledg

e «industry

»Impacts much broader (and may be

more important for decision makers) than just scientific ones!

• Recent entry into force of ERIC (Aug 09)• Based on art. 171 EC Treaty, that allows the

Community to set up European entities necessary for efficient execution of Community RTD programmes

• The regulation provides an easy-to-use legal tool:

•… having legal personality recognized in all MS•… having a spirit of a truly European venture •… being flexible enough (one size doesn’t fit all)•… with some privileges / exemptions

New Research Infrastructures a new Community legal framework

Capacity (or not) to strengthen relations with education and

with industry

10

48

94 99

18

3031

3443

11

1923

84

80

8

14

18

18

77

4029

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

FP2(1987-91)

FP3(1990-94)

FP4(1994-98)

FP5(1998-2002)

FP6(2002-06)

FP7(2007-08)

Nu

mb

er

of

RIs

Mathematics and Computer Sciences

Social Sciences and Humanities

Life Sciences

Environment and Earth Sciences

Engineering and Energy

Physics and Astronomy

Environment

Engineering

Physics

Social Sciences

Computer Sciences

Life Sciences

16

112

69

131

248

318

Positive evolution as shown by the number of RIs supported for Transnational Access at EU level

(per scientific domain)

FP7(2007-08)

Total for FP7:

575(estim.)

… and increased used of RIs for training of scientists and engineers as shown by the evolution of non-publication related access within a major EU synchrotron

(ELETTRA) during the last 10 years

EU enlargement

… but a problem of overall funding as shown by the evolution of the budget related to transnational

access related actions from FP2 to FP7

716

2330

36 34

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

FP2(1987-91)

FP3(1990-94)

FP4(1994-98)

FP5(1998-2002)

FP6(2002-06)

FP7(2007-13)

575(estimated)

248

7500(estimated)

6000

users / year

Number of RIs

M€ / year

Capacity (or not) to work together to face

increasingly complex problems

costly solutions

the researcher doesn’t need to bother how the

information infrastructure works…

The Body of Knowledge

Creation

Archival

Access

Virtual Research Environment

Information Infrastructure

Acknowledgement: e-IRG 2007

Example

Computation, curation

• Acquisition and Ingest .................ca. 42%• Archival Storage & Preservation ....ca. 23%• Access ..........................................ca.35%

Ability to integrate research infrastructures (distributed RIs) as well as RIs and e-infrastructures?

Content Preservation

Bit-stream Preservation

MetadataCreation

AccessIngestAcquisitionCreation

or Purchase

… but needs to work within a consistent information infrastructure to avoid wasting money later on…

Capacity (or not) to face research

internationalization

Pan European RIs to interact at all levels !

KM3NeT

National/Regional initiatives (Antares,

Nemo, Nestor…) in EU

International cooperation (IceCube…)

Europe (Aspera, EMSO PP, EuroSites CP…),

Structural Funds…

Challenges: technological, scientific,

political (ERA, nat. priorities)

Global projects?

32

We need a more research and

innovation intensive, integrated and attractive

European Research Area

Excellent Research Attracts

How should KM3Net help contributing to an efficient Research Infrastructure eco-system?