Ocean acidification: the process, the future, and the past
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Transcript of Ocean acidification: the process, the future, and the past
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Ocean Acidification: the Process, the Future, and the Past
Mieke VrijmoetCommunicating Science to the PublicNov 5 2013
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The Mechanism
Image courtesy NOAA, Monteray Bay National Marine Sanctuary
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Why does a change in CO3- matter?
Image courtesy US EPA
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Coral Reefs and Ocean Acidification
Image courtesy Wikimedia Commons
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Will this happen everywhere?
Image courtesy Wikimedia commons with data via GODAP and Global Oceans Atlas
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Paired with global warming….
● Changes to range, community composition, and increased stress
● Possibility of coral bleaching
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So what does it mean for the future?
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Wait… this has happened before?
Sharp decrease in calcium carbonate shows major decrease in calcifying organisms
Source: Zachos, Science, 2005
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how do we know that?
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Can we stop it?
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Our future remains to be seen!
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Works CitedFord, Mary S. (Jesse). “A 10 000-Yr History of Natural Ecosystem Acidification.” Ecological Monographs 60.1 (1990): 57–89. JSTOR. Web. 29 Oct. 2013.
Goeij, Jasper M. de, and Fleur C. van Duyl. “Coral Cavities Are Sinks of Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC).” Limnology and Oceanography 52.6 (2007): 2608–2617.
Print.
Hoegh-Guldberg, O. et al. “Coral Reefs Under Rapid Climate Change and Ocean Acidification.” Science 318.5857 (2007): 1737–1742. www.sciencemag.org. Web. 5
Nov. 2013.
Kiessling, Wolfgang, and Carl Simpson. “On the Potential for Ocean Acidification to Be a General Cause of Ancient Reef Crises.” Global Change Biology 17.1
(2011): 56–67. EBSCOhost. Web. 5 Nov. 2013.
Kroeker, Kristy J. et al. “Meta-analysis Reveals Negative yet Variable Effects of Ocean Acidification on Marine Organisms.” Ecology Letters 13.11 (2010): 1419–
1434. Wiley Online Library. Web. 5 Nov. 2013.
Lebrato, M. et al. “From the Arctic to the Antarctic: The Major, Minor, and Trace Elemental Composition of Echinoderm Skeletons: Ecological Archives E094-127.”
Ecology 94.6 (2013): 1434. Print.
Mcleod, Elizabeth et al. “Preparing to Manage Coral Reefs for Ocean Acidification: Lessons from Coral Bleaching.” Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 11.1
(2012): 20–27. ESA Journals. Web. 29 Oct. 2013.
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Works Cited (continued)Nikolaidis, Nikolaos P. et al. “Global Climate Change and Acidic Deposition.” Research Journal of the Water Pollution Control Federation 63.4 (1991): 735–746.
Print.
Orr, James C. et al. “Anthropogenic Ocean Acidification over the Twenty-first Century and Its Impact on Calcifying Organisms.” Nature 437.7059 (2005): 681–686.
www.nature.com. Web. 29 Oct. 2013.
Pandolfi, John M. “The Paleoecology of Coral Reefs.” Coral Reefs: An Ecosystem in Transition. Ed. Zvy Dubinsky and Noga Stambler. Dordrecht: Springer
Netherlands, 2011. 13–24. CrossRef. Web. 29 Oct. 2013.
Ries, Justin B., Anne L. Cohen, and Daniel C. McCorkle. “Marine Calcifiers Exhibit Mixed Responses to CO2-induced Ocean Acidification.” Geology 37.12 (2009):
1131–1134. geology.gsapubs.org. Web. 5 Nov. 2013.
Wood, Hannah L., John I. Spicer, and Stephen Widdicombe. “Ocean Acidification May Increase Calcification Rates, but at a Cost.” Proceedings of the Royal Society
B: Biological Sciences 275.1644 (2008): 1767–1773. rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org. Web. 5 Nov. 2013.
Zachos, James C. et al. “Rapid Acidification of the Ocean During the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum.” Science 308.5728 (2005): 1611–1615. www.
sciencemag.org. Web. 5 Nov. 2013.