OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

**

Harry McShane, age 16, 1908. Pulled into machinery in a factory in USA. His arm was ripped off at the shoulder and his leg broken. No compensation paid. **

OCCUPATIONAL HEALTHAIM"the promotion and maintenance of the highest degree of physical, mental and social well-being of workers in all occupations" **

CONTENTHealth promotion of workersPrevention of occupational diseasesRoles and responsibilities of occupational health nurseAdministration of occupational health servicesInternational organizationsWomen and occupational healthChild labour and preventionValues at workplace

**

HEALTH PROMOTION OF WORKERSRecommendations by ILO / WHO committee on occupational health in 1953**

HEALTH PROMOTION OF WORKERSNutritionCommunicable disease controlEnvironmental sanitationMental healthMeasures for women and childrenHealth educationFamily planning

**

HEALTH PROMOTION OF WORKERSNUTRITIONMalnutritionCanteen /250 workersDiet and snacks at reasonable ratesStore /dining roomHealth education**

HEALTH PROMOTION OF WORKERSCOMMNICABLE DISEASE CONTROLEarly diagnosis/RxCases isolated from working environmentProtective measuresRegular Medical checkup & ImmunisationTB,Typhoid,hepatitis,malaria, venereal diseases**

HEALTH PROMOTION OF WORKERSENVIRONMENTAL SANITATIONWater supplyFoodToiletGeneral cleanlinessSpaceLightingVentillation/TemperatureProtection from hazardsHousing**

HEALTH PROMOTION OF WORKERSMENTAL HEALTHPromote health and happinessDetect signs of emotional stressIdentify the causeTreatmentRehabilitation of the ill

**

HEALTH PROMOTION OF WORKERSMEASURES FOR WOMEN &CHILDRENMaternity leave for 12 weeks with cash benefit under ESI actAnte/Intra/Postnatal servicesProhibition of night workProhibits of work undergroundCrches No child below 14 shall be employed**

HEALTH PROMOTION OF WORKERSHEALTH EDUCATIONImportant health promotional measureProvided whenever necessaryContentHygiene, participationAt all levelsManagementSupervisorsWorkersTrade union leaders**

HEALTH PROMOTION OF WORKERSFAMILY PLANNINGEncouraged to adopt small family normHealth education**

PREVENTION OF OCCUPATIONAL DISEASESMEDICAL MEASURES

ENGINEERING MEASURES

LEGISLATIVE MEASURES**

MEDICAL MEASURESPRE PLACEMENT EXAMINATIONPERIODICAL EXAMINATIONMEDICAL & HEALTH CARE SERVICENOTIFICATIONSUPERVISION OF WORKING ENVIRONMENTMAINTANANCE & ANALYSIS OF RECORDSHEALTH EDUCATION & COUNSELLING**

ENGINEERING MEASURESDESIGN OF BUILDINGGOOD HOUSEKEEPINGGENERAL VENTILATIONMECHANISATIONSUBSTITUTIONDUSTSENCLOSUREISOLATIONLOCAL EXHAUST VENTILATIONPROTECTIVE DEVICESRESEARCHSTATISTICAL MONITORINGENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING**

LEGISLATIVE MEASURESThe Factories Act, 1948The Employees State Insurance Act, 1948Mine & Mineral Act, (Development & Regulation) Act, 1957 Noise Pollution (Regulation & Control ) Rules, 2000 The Child Labour (Prohibition & Regulation) Act, 1986 The Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution ) Act, 1981 Maternity Benefit Act (1961)Minimum wages Act

**

THE FACTORIES ACT, 1948Factories act enacted in 1881The act amended in 1911, 1934, 1948, 1976, 1987Factory: establishment employing 10 or more workers where power is used, and 20 or more workers where power is not used.Prescribed working hours, holidays and employment of young men and women.Prohibits employment of children under 14 yearsAdolescents should be duly certified by certifying surgeons regarding fitness to work

**

THE FACTORIES ACT, 1948Chapter III (Section 11-20) deals with health aspectsChapter IV (Section 21-40) deals with safety aspectsChapter V deals with welfare aspectsChapter VI deals with work hours holidays intervalChapter VII deals with employment of young person

**

The Employees State Insurance Act, 1948Provides cash and medical benefits to industrial employees in case of sickness, maternity and employment injury.Administration by ESI CorporationThe Union minister for labour :chairman Secretary Ministry of labour : vice chairman4 principal officersInsurance commissionerMedical commissionerFinance commissionerActuary

**

The Employees State Insurance Act, 1948Benefits to employeesMedical benefitSickness benefitMaternity benefitDisablement benefitDependent benefitFuneral expenseRehabilitation allowance

Benefits to employersExemption from the applicability of Workmen's Compensation Act 1923Exemption from Maternity Benefit Act 1961Exemption from payment of Medical allowance to employees and their dependants or arranging for their medical careRebate under the Income Tax Act on contribution deposited in the ESI AccountHealthy work-force.

*

The Child Labour (Prohibition & Regulation) Act, 1986 Child (under 14 years) labour is prohibited in India under The Child Labour (Prohibition And Regulation) Act, 1986.It includes work in a shop, commercial establishment, work-shop, farm, residential hotel, restaurant, eating-house, theatre or other place of public amusement or entertainment**

ROLES AND RESPOSIBILITIES OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH NURSEPrevention of occupational injury and diseasePromotion of health and work abilityImproving environmental health management**

ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH NURSEClinicianSpecialistManager Coordinator Adviser Health educator CounselorResearcher

**

ADMINISTRATION OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES

CENTRAL LEVELSTATE LEVEL VOLUNTARY ORGANIZATIONS**

ADMINISTRATION OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES

CENTRAL LEVELThe director general for factory inspection and advisory servicesThe government departments of labour and health and the Board of minesThe atomic energy commissionCentral labour institute at Mumbai and regional labour institutes in Kanpur, Kolkata and Chennai.

**

ADMINISTRATION OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES

STATE LEVELNo occupational health division in state health directorate except Uttar PradeshState responsibilities are vested in Chief inspector of factories**

ADMINISTRATION OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES

VOLUNTARY ORGANIZATIONSTata institute of industrial hygieneSociety of Industrial Medicine.Also certain political association work for the welfare of workers like,**

INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONSThe International Labour OrganizationCanadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety (Canada)Congressional Office of Compliance (US)European Agency for Safety and Health at Work (EU)Government & Educational OHS Resources (Australia)Health and Safety Executive (UK)Health for Work Adviceline for small businesses (UK)Information Center of Occupational Safety and Health (Israel)Workplace Safety & Health Council, Singapore

**

The International Labour OrganizationThe International Labour Organization is a specialized agency in relationship with the United Nations,Comprises the International Labour Conference, the Governing Body, and the International Labour Office. Conference meets annually, is composed of national representatives of government, management, and labourPrincipal function is to formulate international labour standards in the form of Conventions and of Recommendations. It may also record its decisions in the form of resolutions which is accepted by member countries

**

WELFARE ORGANISATION OF EMPLOYEESIndian National Trade Union Congress (INTUC)Centre of Indian trade unions (CITU)

**

WOMEN AND OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Women's jobs have specific characteristicsEquipment and schedules designed in relation to the average male bodyLow wagesSexual harassment at work placeDiscrimination against women Excluded from many health-promoting benefits Increased responsibility on household worksThe laws of labour are male oriented

**

Global Commission ReportIssues should be examined within the context of gender specific analysesidentify the specific occupational health risks of particular industries, Women's work in the informal sector, in agriculture and in the home has to be conceptualized and measured specific occupational health risks of women are to be addressed.studies to identify and assess occupational health risks should be extended.Legislation addressing women's occupational health needs should be reassessedInternational agreement about the classification of reproductive hazards (such as chemicals) and on the precautions needed to protect both men and women from those hazards, should be developed.collaboration on the part of the various international agencies concerned, such as WHO and ILO.Interdisciplinary research with a strong social science component. *

VALUES AT WORKPLACECharacteristics of people at a work placeDifferent gendersDiverse ethnic, racial and cultural backgroundsDifferent ages and experiencesDifferent abilitiesDifferent religionsDifferent languagesDifferent family structuresDifferent educational backgroundsDifferent work and life experiences**

VALUES AT WORKPLACEBelieve in yourself and your values.Know your rights as well as dutiesBe responsible, sincere and honest in your work.Be acknowledgeable to superiors and kind towards subordinates.Dont compromise justiceBe a learner.Be an advocate for others when situation calls.

Be sensitive to the impact you have on others.Respect others dignity, values , beliefs and feelings.Communicate honestly.Never harass or accept the harassment of others. Confront prejudices and stereotypes that demean or exclude peopleAccept our mistakes and dont blame it on others.Excuse others mistake, all are humans

**

Thank You**