Nutsedge Half onion, half potato(e), half man 2017... · 2017-11-06 · 3. Corms or tubers...
Transcript of Nutsedge Half onion, half potato(e), half man 2017... · 2017-11-06 · 3. Corms or tubers...
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Nutsedge Half onion, half potato(e),
half man !David Kopec
University of Arizona
Cooperative Extension
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Objectives
1. Identification characteristics of sedges.
2. Life cycle.
3. Control options
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Nutsedge
1. Not “nutgrass”
2. Not a grass
3. Leaves are in ranks of “three” (grass = two)
4. Leafs are triangle in the shoots (grasses rolled or folded)
5. Base of the plant is a “basal bulb “ like an onion
6. Storage organ is a “tuber” like a potatoe
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GRASS
SEDGE
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BASAL BULBS
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GRASS
SEDGE
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GRASS SEDGES
Purple nutsedge
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Single eye sprouting from underground tuber(first growth)
Mother plant sending out “pioneer rhizomes” (first ½ growing season)
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YELLOW vs PURPLE 1. Flower heads (purple vs yellow)2. Leaves (yellow is skiinnier –not
dependable)3. Corms or tubers (potato-e)
YELLOW: small, round, “BB” like, light color, no odor, edible, born on single terminal chain
PURPLE: larger, oblong, dark color, scally, smells like mahogony, nums the lips, born on connecting chains (multiple corms on the same underground string.
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PURPLE : nutlets are in “chains”
YELLOW : nutlets, = one per chain only !
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Yellow
Purple
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Purple
YELLOW
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CHEMICAL CONTROL CHRONOLOGY
• MSMA
• BASAGRAN
• IMAGE ( + MSMA)
• MANAGE
• DISMISS
• CERTAINTY
• MONUMENT
• KATANA
• CELERO (imazosulfuron)
PREMIX COMBINATION PRODUCTS
DISMISS SOUTH (Dismiss & imazethypyr)
TRIBUTE TOTAL(Revolver & Manage & Thiencarbazone)
SOLITAIRE (Dismiss & Drive)
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Nutsedge Herbicides
• Old Old School MSMA or DSMA @ 14 day intervals
• Old School Image (imazaquin)
• Old School Image plus MSMA
MSMA = burns the foliage. Repeat apps till the cows leave !
Image: Foliar and soil absorbed, burns foliage, multiple apps to “kill the basal bulb”. No minimal nutlet activity.
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Nutsedge Herbicides
• Tank mix of Image (0.5 lb ai.a) plus MSMA (3.0 lbs. ai.a) is better than either alone.
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Nutsedge Herbicides
• Medium School = Sedgehammer (halosulfuron) “old Mange”
• Foliar uptake mostly , let dry on leaves.
• Safe on all turfgrass species (big on cool season turfs !)
• Big improvement over Image
• At comparable “x” rates, not as effective as
newer S.U. active ingredients.
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Nutsedge Herbicides
New(er) School = Certainty
(sulfosulfuron)
Shoot uptake, some root uptake.
More active than Manage.
30 day interval repeats.
Not for COOL SEASON GRASSES (beats
up ryegrass – not a transition aid though!)
Controls other weeds as well.
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Nutsedge Herbicides
New School = Katana (flazosulfuron)
Foliar uptake.
Not For COOL SEASON GRASSES
(also used to fully get rid of ryegrass)
Low rate for yellow, high rate for purple.
4 week repeat apps on label
Controls other weeds a well
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Nutsedge Herbicides
New School = Monument
(trifloxysulfuron)
Not for COOL SEASON GRASSES
Foliar uptake primarily
Controls other weeds also
4-6 week interval
.
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• Revolver (foramsulfuron)
• Manage (halosulfuron)
• Thiencarbazone
Only for warm season grasses !
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Sulfentrazone PLUS Pursuit (imazethypyr)
For warm season turf only, Purple and yellow nutsedge are controlled.
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Comparison of Herbicides for Nutsedge Control
Image*
70 DG
imazaquin
Dismiss South*
FL
imazethapyr
SedgeHammer*
75 WDG
halosulfuron
Monument*
75 WG
trifloxysulfuron
Certainty*
75 WDG
sulfosulfuron
Katana*
25 WDG
flazasulfuron
0.5 lb AI/A
11.4 oz/A
0.26 oz/1000ft
2
9 – 14 oz/A
0.2 – 0.3 oz/1000ft2
0.062 lb AI/A
1.3 oz/A
0.03 oz/1000ft2
0.026 lb AI/A
0.56 oz/A
0.013 oz/1000ft2
0.096 lb AI/A
1.25 oz/A
0.028 oz/1000ft2
0.046 lb AI/A
3 oz/A
0.068 oz/1000ft2
No limit stated
No limit stated
4 applications
5.3 oz/A total
1.7 oz/A total 2.66 oz/A total/year
3 applications
9 oz/A per season
Tribute Total*
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Celero - Valent
(imazosulfuron) 75 WDG
8 to 14 ounce prod/acre(0.38 to 0.66 lbs. AI/A)
Shoot and leaf uptakeAdd ¼% v/v NIS
Sit on leaf 24 hours, the water in before NEXT MOW.
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Celero(imazosulfuron) 75 WDG
Safe on established……
Fine fescueKentucky bluegrassPerennial ryegrassTall fescue
Safe on established……
BermudagrassZoysiagrassSt. Augstine
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Celero (imazosulfuron) 75 WDG
Purple nutsedge Yellow nutsedge
Burr cloverChickweedHenbitCommon purslaneParsley piert
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Timing of First Applications
Transition use rates are usually lower than nutsedge control rates
Transition rate Nutsedge rate
Monument 0.1 – 0.35 oz/A 0.56 oz/A
Certainty 1.25 – 2.0 oz/A 1.25 oz/A
Katana 0.5 – 1.5 oz/A 3.0 oz/A
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Timing of First Applications
Use MSMA (golf courses only)
• Can begin applications earlier in spring with ryegrass still present
• Apply every 2-4 weeks
– Plus mow low
• Weaken nutsedge before summer applications of IMI / SU chemistries
– Initiate IMI / SU applications in July and make only 2-3 treatments
• Shorter daylength
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Timing of First Applications
Sulfentrazone (Dismiss CA*)• Begin applications earlier in spring with ryegrass
still present
• 4 – 8 oz/A (0.125 – 0.25 lb AI/A) on cool-season
• 8 – 12 oz/A (0.25 – 0.38 lb AI/A) on warm-season
• Burns and reduces sedge for 1-3 weeks
• Weaken nutsedge during April, May, June before summer applications of IMI / SU chemistries• Plus mow low
• Initiate other chemistry applications in July
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Timing of First Applications
Sulfentrazone Nutsedge Control (%)
17 May 02 Jun 09 Jun 23 Jun 18 Jul
0.125 + 0.125 18 3 3 13 0
0.25 + 0.25 32 0 20 32 0
0.375 + 0.375 35 3 35 53 0
Applied on 09 May and 09 JuneIncluded NIS, Latron CS-7 at 0.25% v/v
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Plan of attack
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Plan of attack cut bulb of first plants you see !!
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Plan of attack think like a sedge!
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Plan of attack think like a sedge!
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TURF IS
YOUR
BUSINESS
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Advances in Chemical Control of Nutsedge in Turfgrass
• Discovery of acetolactate synthase-inhibiting herbicides in the 1980’s
• ALS enzyme in plants stopped
– production of 3 amino acids reduced
– valine, leucine, isoleucine
• Imidazolinone and sulfonylurea (SU) herbicides
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Advances in Chemical Control of Nutsedge in Turfgrass
• Imidazolinone chemistry– Image* herbicide
• Uptake into plants through roots and shoots• Translocated to the growing points• Effective when combined with MSMA
• Sulfonylurea chemistry– SedgeHammer*, Monument*, Certainty*, Katana*
herbicides• Uptake into plants through roots and shoots• Translocated to the growing points
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Advances in Chemical Control of Nutsedge in Turfgrass
• Imidazolinone chemistry- Image* herbicide (imazaquin)
• Immediately stops plant growth
• Causes yellowing or chlorosis in 3-7 days
– Burns with MSMA
• Complete death of nutsedge in 2 weeks
- Dismiss* South (imazethapyr)• Combination with sulfentrazone
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Advances in Chemical Control of Nutsedge in Turfgrass
• Imidazolinone chemistry–Image* herbicide• Effective rate at 0.5 lb AI/A–0.26 oz product (70DG)/1000 ft2
–11.4 oz product (70DG)/A•Add adjuvant (non-ionic surfactant)•Combine with MSMA –2 to 3 lb AI/A
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Advances in Chemical Control of Nutsedge in Turfgrass
• Sulfonylurea chemistry
– SedgeHammer* herbicide
• Effective rate at 0.062 lb AI/A
• 1.3 oz product (75WG)/A
• 0.03 oz product (75WG)/1000ft2
• Add non-ionic surfactant at 0.25 to 0.5%(v/v)
– Tribute Total*• Combination with foramsulfuron & thiencarbazone
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Advances in Chemical Control of Nutsedge in Turfgrass
• Sulfonylurea chemistry–Monument* herbicide• Effective rate at 0.026 lb AI/A–0.56 oz product (75WG)/A–0.013 oz product (75WG)/1000ft2
•Add adjuvant–Non-ionic surfactant at 0.25 to 0.5% (v/v)
–Methylated seed oil (MSO)–Crop oil concentrate (COC)
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Advances in Chemical Control of Nutsedge in Turfgrass
• Sulfonylurea chemistry–Certainty* herbicide
• Effective rate at 0.06 lb AI/A
–0.75 to 1.25 oz product (75 WDG)/A
–0.8 gm product (75 WDG)/1000ft2
•Add adjuvant
–Non-ionic surfactant at 0.25 to 0.5% (v/v)
•Add MSMA
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Advances in Chemical Control of Nutsedge in Turfgrass
• Sulfonylurea chemistry
–Katana* herbicide
• Effective rate at 0.047 lb AI/A
–3.0 oz product (25 WDG)/A
–0.068 oz product (25 WDG)/1000ft2
•Add adjuvant
–Non-ionic surfactant at 0.25 to 0.5% (v/v)
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Advances in Chemical Control of Nutsedge in Turfgrass
• Imidazolinone and sulfonylurea chemistries
–Repeat applications needed in severe infestations during a growing season
–More than 1 year to significantly reduce populations
– Turfgrass may be injured
• Seedhead suppression
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