Methyl Bromide Alternatives For Nutsedge In Pepper

A. S. Culpepper & D. B. LangstonUniversity of Georgia

Purple and Yellow Nutsedges:

Primary Weeds in a Plasticulture System

Methyl Bromide Status

Production 1999 = 25% reduction

2001 = 25% reduction

2003 = 20% reduction

2005 = gone(reduce methyl bromide ai over time)

Methyl Bromide Critical Use Exemption

CUE’s

1. Pepper

2. Eggplant

3. Squash

4. Tomato

5. Melon

6. Cucumber

Objectives

1. Compare fumigant by herbicide options for the control of nutsedge

2. What impact does VIF film have as compared to LDPE

Fall 2003

*

Location

Methods: Objective 1

Plot size: 6 by 35 feet; 32” bedtop

Design: RCB

Reps: 3

Treatment: Factorial2 nutsedge species2 herbicide systems7 fumigant options

Plastic: LDPE

Herbicide and Nutsedge Options

Nutsedge species:

yellow

purple

Herbicide systems

None

Command 1 qt + Devrinol 3 lb + Dual 1.1 pt

Fumigant Rates*

1. Methyl Bromide (400 lb/A of 67:33)

2. Telone II fb KPAM (12 gal fb 102 gal)

3. Telone II fb Pic (12 gal fb 150 lb)

4. Telone C35 fb Pic (35 gal fb 150 lb)

5. MIDAS (175 lb of 98:2)

6. Inline – two drip lines (35 gal)

7. None*Rates are per treated acre.

Application of T2 and C35

rototiller blades

nozzles for KPAM

KPAM Application

Application of Bromide, MIDAS, and Chloropicrin

Bell Pepper Response to the Fumigant & Herbicide Systems.

1. Fumigants did not affect plant growth or cause visual injury.

2. Herbicides stunted pepper up to 20% at 30 DAP, no injury by 60 DAP.

3. Herbicides increased yields for all fruit size except jumbo with an increase in total yield by 38%.

Percent Late-Season Yellow and Purple Nutsedge Control by Herbicide Options. TyTy, GA.

Species -Herb + Herb

Yellow 56 c 80 a

Purple 35 d 62 b

*Values followed by the same letter are similar at P = 0.05

Sept 6, 2003

No Herbicide or Fumigant + Dual, Command, Devrinol

Fumigant - Herb + Herb

None 0 i 40 ef

Inline 14 hi 29 fg

T2 fb pic 24 gh 60 cd

Midas 57 d 77 b

T2 fb K-Pam 51 de 76 b

C35 fb pic 74 bc 83 ab

MeBr 75 b 92 a

Percent Nutsedge Control by Fumigant. TyTy, GA. Fall, 2003.*

*Data pooled over nutsedge species. 85 day after laying plastic. P = 0.05.

307Sept 6, 2003

No Fumigant, LDPE Plastic MeBr 400 lb, LDPE Plastic

Sept 6, 2003

MIDAS, LDPE PlasticMeBr 400 lb, LDPE Plastic

Sept 6, 2003

MeBr 400 lb, LDPE Plastic Telone II fb Pic, LDPE

Percent Increase in Total Fruit Weight Compared to the Control. Fall 2003

0

20

40

60

80

100

MB

T2 + KPA

M

T2 fb pic

MID

AS

Inline

None

C35 fb pic

89 a 75

ab

47 bc

56 b

21 cd

59 b

d

Data pooled over herbicide systems.

Methods: Objective 2

Treatment: Factorial

2 nutsedge species

2 herbicide systems

4 fumigant options

2 plastic options

Fumigant Options:

1. Telone II fb Pic

2. Telone C35 fb Pic

3. Inline – two drip lines

4. None

1. LDPE

2. VIF

Plastic Options:

Fumigant LDPE VIF

None 20 d 54 b

Inline 36 c 49 bc

C35 fb pic 84 a 88 a

T2 fb pic 42 b 84 a

MeBr 84 a

Percent Late-Season Nutsedge Control by Fumigant. TyTy, GA. Fall, 2003.*

*Data pooled over herbicide option. 85 day after laying plastic. P = 0.05.

Telone II fb Pic, LDPE Plastic

July 26, 2003

Telone II fb Pic, VIF Plastic

303Sept 6, 2003

Telone II fb Pic, LDPE Plastic Telone II fb Pic, VIF Plastic

Conclusions

1. Yellow nutsedge was controlled more effectively by fumigants.

2. Herbicide system improved nutsedge control 24 to 27%. Increased yield 38%.

3. Comparing fumigants: C35 fb pic was as effective as MB for nutsedge

control but not for yield.

Conclusions

4. Comparing fumigants and herbicides: MIDAS, T2 fb KPAM, or C35 plus herbicide system were as effective as MB for controlling nutsedge (only T2 fb K-Pam equaled MB for yield)

5. VIF improved control of all fumigant options providing less than 84% control by 16 to 42%.

LOT TO DO!!!!

Thanks to:Hendrix and DaleDow AgroScience

ArvestaAmVac