Nutrient Management Nutrient Management

UpdateUpdate

Josh McGrathJosh McGrath

DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Laboratory for Agriculture and Environmental Studies

Josh McGrathJosh McGrath

Soil Fertility and Nutrient Management SpecialistSoil Fertility and Nutrient Management Specialist

AVAILAVAIL

SFP: AVAIL is a patented technology that surrounds phosphorus fertilizer in a water-soluble “shield.” By blocking the bonds of attraction of chemical elements in the soil to the phosphorus, more of the phosphorus is available for your crop to utilize.

AVAIL: Early Growth

100

120

140

160

180

Res

po

nse

(%

Co

ntr

ol)

w/o Avail w/ Avail

0

20

40

60

80

100

Res

po

nse

(%

Co

ntr

ol)

259 181 274 197 28 32 24 288 Mean

Soil Test P (FIV)

AVAIL: Yield

150

200

250

Yie

ld (

bu

/acr

e)

w/o Avail w/ Avail

0

50

100

Yie

ld (

bu

/acr

e)

259 181 274 197 28 32 24 288 Mean

Soil Test P (FIV)

Site BS Early Growth(2009 FIV = 25)

150

200

250

Ear

ly G

row

th (

% o

f C

on

tro

l) w/o Avail w/Avail

0

50

100

Ear

ly G

row

th (

% o

f C

on

tro

l)

5 10 20 30 Mean

Starter P Rate (lbs-P2O5/acre)

Site BS: P2O5 Uptake(2009 FIV = 25)

1.5

2

2.5

Up

take

(lb

s/ac

re)

w/o Avail w/Avail

0

0.5

1

P2O

5 U

pta

ke (

lbs/

acre

)

5 10 20 30 Mean

Starter P Rate (lbs-P2O5/acre)

Site BS: Yield(2009 FIV = 25)

150

200

250

Yie

ld (

bu

/acr

e)

w/o Avail w/Avail

0

50

100

Yie

ld (

bu

/acr

e)

0 5 10 20 30 Mean

Starter P Rate (lbs-P2O5/acre)

Con

trol

25 lb

N

N Enhancers Materials and Methods

• 42 Day experiment• Silt and Sandy Loam soils• Urea and UAN

– Agrotain– Agrotain– Agrotain Plus/SuperU– Nutrisphere

• Incubated at 77 0F and Forced air with compressor

UAN on Silty Loam

15

Vo

lati

lized

N (

% o

f A

pp

lied

)Bare Soil UAN Agrotain Agrotain Plus Nutrisphere

Day 3: UAN =NSN >Agrotain+ >Agrotain =Bare

Day 7: UAN =NSN =Agrotain+ >>Agrotain >Bare

0

5

10

0 3 6 9 12 15

Days After Application

Vo

lati

lized

N (

% o

f A

pp

lied

)

Urea on Silty Loam

40

50

60

Vo

lati

lized

N (

% o

f A

pp

lied

)

Bare Soil Urea Agrotain SuperU Nutrisphere

Day 3: Urea >NSN >>SuperU =Agrotain =Bare

Day 7: Urea >NSN >>SuperU =Agrotain =Bare

0

10

20

30

0 3 6 9 12 15

Days After Application

Vo

lati

lized

N (

% o

f A

pp

lied

)

UAN on Sandy Loam

10

15

Vo

lati

lized

N (

% o

f A

pp

lied

)

Bare Soil UAN Agrotain Agrotain Plus Nutrisphere

Day 3: UAN =NSN =Agrotain+ >Agrotain >Bare

Day 7: All Equal

0

5

10

0 3 6 9 12 15

Days After Application

Vo

lati

lized

N (

% o

f A

pp

lied

)

Urea on Sandy Loam

40

50

60

Vo

lati

lized

N (

% o

f A

pp

lied

)

Bare Soil Urea Agrotain SuperU Nutrisphere

Day 3: Urea =NSN >SuperU =Agrotain >Bare

Day 7: Urea >NSN =SuperU =Agrotain >Bare

0

10

20

30

0 3 6 9 12 15

Days After Application

Vo

lati

lized

N (

% o

f A

pp

lied

)

Other Lab Studies

ESN/Agrotain Ammonia Losses

30

40

50

60

Cum

ulat

ive

Am

mon

ia L

oss

(%)

Urea

UAN

Urea+NBPT

UAN+NBPT

0

10

20

0 5 10 15 20

Cum

ulat

ive

Am

mon

ia L

oss

(%)

Days After Treatment

UAN+AgroPlus

UAN+CaTs

ESN

Source: Dr. W. Thornberry, Sturgis, KY; Dr. S. Ebelhar, Univ of IllinoisLaboratory incubation

Ammonia Volatilization: AT/NSNAmmonia Volatilization: AT/NSN

40

50

60

70

21-0-0-24 Urea Urea +AT Urea +NSN

Dr. Rick Norman, Univ. of Arkansas

NIT

RO

GE

N V

OL

AT

ILIZ

ED

(%

)

0

10

20

30

40

0 3 7 11 15

DAYS SINCE APPLICATION OF UREA FERTILIZER

NIT

RO

GE

N V

OL

AT

ILIZ

ED

(%

)

Ammonia Volatilization: AT/NSNAmmonia Volatilization: AT/NSN

25

30

35

40

45

Bare Soil Urea Urea +AT Urea +NSN

NIT

RO

GE

N V

OL

AT

ILIZ

ED

(%

)

0

5

10

15

20

25

1 3 5 7 10 14

Dr. Elizabeth GuertalAuburn University

DAYS SINCE APPLICATION OF UREA FERTILIZER

NIT

RO

GE

N V

OL

AT

ILIZ

ED

(%

)

Ammonia Volatilization: NSNAmmonia Volatilization: NSN

30

35

40

45

50

Urea Urea +NSN

NIT

RO

GE

N V

OL

AT

ILIZ

ED

(%

)

0

5

10

15

20

25

2 4 6 9 12 16

Dr. R. Jay GoosNorth Dakota State University

DAYS SINCE APPLICATION OF UREA FERTILIZER

NIT

RO

GE

N V

OL

AT

ILIZ

ED

(%

)

FIELD DATA

70

80

90

100

110

Normal NSN

Nutrisphere-N on Winter WheatG

rain

Yie

ld (

bu

/ac)

10

20

30

40

50

60

1 2 3 4 5 6 Avg

Gra

in Y

ield

(b

u/a

c)

160

210

Normal NSN

Nutrisphere-N on CornG

rain

Yie

ld (

bu

/ac)

10

60

110

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Avg

Gra

in Y

ield

(b

u/a

c)

70

80

90

100

110

None Agrotain

Agrotain on Winter WheatG

rain

Yie

ld (

bu

/ac)

10

20

30

40

50

60

1 2 3 4 5 6 Avg

Gra

in Y

ield

(b

u/a

c)

160

210

Normal NSN

Agrotain on CornG

rain

Yie

ld (

bu

/ac)

10

60

110

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Avg

Gra

in Y

ield

(b

u/a

c)

ESN vs Urea BOTH preplant

150

170

ESN Urea

Cor

n G

rain

Yie

ld (

bu/a

c)

151SANDY SOILS

50

70

90

110

130

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Mean

Nine Sites in Delaware from 2004 through 2009

Cor

n G

rain

Yie

ld (

bu/a

c)

120

ESN preplant vs UAN sidedress

160

170

180

190

ESNpp UAN sdd

Cor

n G

rain

Yie

ld (

bu/a

c)

161

90

100

110

120

130

140

150

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Mean

Nine Sites in Delaware from 2004 through 2008

Cor

n G

rain

Yie

ld (

bu/a

c)

148

Summary

• Avail no effect: Yield, P uptake, Early Growth

• Agrotain, Agrotain+, Super U: – Early NH -N suppression – Early NH3-N suppression – Varied depending on soil type (further studies)– UAN—Agrotain+: perhaps mixing issue

• Performed similarly to Agrotain in urea

• Nutrisphere: No significant effects