NATIONAL THERMAL POWER CORPORATION

DADRI(GHAZIABAD)

TOPIC: THERMAL POWER PLANT

KAPIL YADAV EC IV YEAR0720931029

NTPC TODAY

• The largest power generation company in India, with comprehensive in-house capabilities in building and operating power projects

• Current operating capacity – 28,644 MW (including JV)

• 18 coal based (23209 MW) and 8 gas based (5435 MW) power plants

• Setting up hydro based power plants (2471 MW under implementation)

• Developing coal mines for captive use (47 mtpa by 2017)

• Plans to become 50,000 + MW company by 2012

BUSINESS

SIZE• ONE OF THE LARGEST INDIAN COMPANIES WITH A MARKET CAP OF MORE THAN US$ 50 BILLION

• HAS A NET WORTH OF AROUND US$ 13 BILLION

STATURE

• THE LARGEST GENERATOR IN INDIA WITH 20% OF INSTALLED CAPACITY & 28% GENERATION OF THE COUNTRY

• 494TH LARGEST COMPANY IN THE WORLD: 6TH LARGEST UTILITY IN ASIA (FORBES RANKING – 2006)

• PLATTS HAS RANKED NTPC AS NO. 1 INDEPENDENT POWER PRODUCER COMPANY IN ASIA, 2007

OWNERSHIP • GOVERNMENT HAS 89.5% STAKE

• 10.5% WITH PUBLIC

GROWTH STRATEGY

• Multi pronged approach to capacity addition

• Greenfield projects • Brownfield expansion • Joint ventures /Acquisitions

• Diversification in related business areas

• Hydro projects • Coal Mining • Power trading • Oil / gas exploration • LNG value chain • Consultancy services

NTPC .… Performance Highlights

Environmental Focus

• World’s largest ESPs used by NTPC

• Environmental monitoring emphasis

• Efforts to increase Energy efficiency

11 NTPC Stations amongst top 20 in the country in 2005-06 including taken over plants.

Lower Plant Efficiency in India

The reported efficiency of Indian power plants is generally lower as compared to efficiency of plants abroad, primarily due to

• Poorer condenser vacuum due to hot climatic conditions

• Higher unburnt carbon losses in boiler due to low grade high ash Indian coal

• Efficiency is reported on HHV basis of coal (same as the practice followed in USA) as against LHV used elsewhere

Technologies For

Clean Energy Production

Adoption of new technologies

• NTPC has been a pioneer in introducing new technologies in the country.

• Currently, super critical technology, advanced class GTs are some of the technologies under induction.

• NTPC has worked on development of Integrated Coal Gasification

• Our Energy Technologies Centre is working in both fundamental and applied fields and has a well-defined mandate to develop various technologies which will enhance plant reliability, efficiency etc.

Technologies… for cleaner environment

• High Concentration Ash Slurry Disposal System

• Pneumatic Conveying System for Fly Ash

• Pipe Conveyors for Cross Country Coal Conveying

• Vapor Absorption Refrigeration System for all

• Air Conditioning Requirements of Station

• Ash Water Recirculation System

ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR

NTPC has installed high efficiency Electrostatic Precipitators (ESP)in all its coal fired units.

• Typical Indian coal has 3300 kcal/kg GCV with 45 % ash content

• Four/Six pass ESPs with 10/9 fields each for 500/660 MW unit

• NTPC’s ESPs are amongst the world’s largest

• Electrode spacing of 400 mm

• ESP efficiency of the order of 99.97%

• Limits Outlet Dust Burden at outlet to 20 mg/Nm3 with design coal

Flue Gas Desulphurization (FGD)

• Provision of space is being kept in all existing plants for installation of FGD in future

• NTPC is putting up Flue Gas Desulphurization (FGD) plant for its Bongaigaon TPP (3 x 250 MW) which is proposed to use high sulphur (as high as 2%) coal.

• Adoption of wet lime stone based Gypsum recovery Process

• SO2 removal efficiency> 90%

• Utilisation of Gypsum envisaged

Electrical … TargetingReliability and Efficiency

Electrical Systems: Thrust Areas

• State of art Electrical System Controls

• Equipments for High reliability and Efficiency

• Operational and Protection Philosophy

• Continual Improvements

State Of Art Electrical System Controls

• Soft Logic in Plant DCS Systems for all Electrical Breakers.

• Substation Automation System introduced for all green field projects.

• Communication Protocol IEC 61850 being used for communication between various IEDs and OWS.

• Switchyard LAN extended to Main Plant Control Room facilitate un-manned switchyards. Data is soft linked to the plant DCS system.

EQUIPMENTS

• Adoption of Controlled switching of transformer and reactors.

• Up-gradation of transmission voltage from 400kV AC to 765kV AC.

• Temperature rise levels have been reduced for oil from 50 deg C to35 Deg C and winding from 55 Deg C- to 40 Deg C.

• Type of oil has been changed from Paraffinic to Napthenic type which has a better oxidation stability and thus better life. • Wireless I/O modules in Ash Handling and Coal handling areas for controls

Protection and Operational Philosophy

• Disturbance Recorders for Generators, have been introduced.

• Numerical Relays have been introduced for all EHV system

• Integrated frequency based islanding scheme for Staggered tripping of grid lines has been introduced.

LATEST TECHNOLOGICAL ADOPTION IN

CONTROL & INTRUMENTATION

• Introduction of plant wide CCTV network for security and surveillance

• Graphical interface units (GIU) used in remote plant

• Ultrasonic and radar based instruments are used for level Measurements

• Ambient air monitoring system is being introduced

• Focus is on getting more diagnostics information from field devices;

INVESTING IN FUTURE

• INITIATED COLLOBORATION WITH ACADEMIC INSTITUTES AND RESEARCH INSTITUTION IN FOLLOWING AREAS – INTELLIGENT SOOT BLOWING SYSTEM – BOILER FEED PUMPS RTD FAILURE ANALYSIS AND SUBSTITUTE THERE-OF – ACOUSTICS/AUDIO SIGNAL BASED CONDITION MONITORING OF EQUIPMENTS

• State of the art integrated simulator with remote training terminals for 660 MW supercritical technology and hydro power plant are soon to be implemented

• CCTV based infrared cameras in selected areas for night vision

Reducing and Recycling Waste

•Hazardous waste management as per GOI rules of 1989 is done and recyclable wastes and non recyclable waste are suitably treated.

•Land Use/ Bio-Diversity… As a Policy NTPC lays special emphasis on land use . •Reclamation Of Abandoned Ash Ponds… Extensive plantations has been undertaken on dry ash mound at NTPC DADRI

Renewable Power & Distributed Generation

The traditional model of centralized grid extension could not achieve the goal as :

• Grid extension not viable for remote areas due to low demand & high distribution network cost.

• Kerosene Oil still preferred source as villagers get light when they need it.

• Rural Feeders remain neglected by utilities due to low revenue realization.

By harnessing Renewable Energy Sources, Distributed Generation is aviable option to provide electricity to the millions of people in remote areas.

Utility Challenges for Efficiency Improvement

• Access to state-of-art technologies

• Lack of expertise and agency for evaluation and gap analysis

• Lack of system documentation

• Training expertise

• Lack of resources for implementation & sustainability

All Time High Plant Load Factor

• All time high PLF of 89.43% achieved by NTPC Coal Stations in 2006-07

• 9 Coal Stations amongst the top 20 stations of the country in terms of PLF in 2006-07

• 8 out of 13 Coal Stations have achieved 90% PLF in 2004-05

• NTPC’s first power plant (Singrauli) maintaining average PLF of 91% even after 25 years of operation

Operation & Maintenance Practices

Well defined guidelines for O&M of units

Safe and reliable operation in rated parameters

Strict adherence to water chemistry and environmental norms

Established procedures for startup and shutdown

Compliance to statutory requirements

THANK YOU