N. HADJSAIDProfessor Grenoble INP/G2ELABPresident Scientific Council ThinkSmartGrids - France

Energy transition through smarter grids: from heritage to innovation

French Energy Transition Law Key pillars & scenarios for medium/long term targets

1. Renovating buildings & homes2. Clean, green transport3. Circular economy, recycling4. Renewable energy5. Nuclear energy safety6. Simplification for efficiency7. Empowering citizens

SOCIETAL, ECONOMICAL, ENVIRONMENT SCALE 6 PILLARS, 7 PROGRAMS

EconomyOpen access Multiplicity of actorsEnergy price

EnvironmentClimate-energy objectives

SocietalConsumer actor of the electrical system, Accessibility, energy services

Some tendencies on energy systems

Integrating decentralized energies close to end users, dispersed, PEB/PET, microgrids, local management of energy, consum’actor, …

70% of generation units will be RES by h 2040

2/3 of energy efficiency potential not yet explored:

Buildings, industry & infrastructures, end users and data centers seeking for performance improvement, and Carbon footprint

More EFFICIENT

More ELECTRIC

Electricity demand driven by “decarbonization” and new usages, smart devices, …

2X increase of demand Elec/energy by h 2040

1 World Energy Outlook 2012, OECD / IEA, Internal analysis/Schneider Elec.

58%

79%

82%

Industry

Infrastructure

Buildings & Data Centers

Untapped energy efficiency potential by segment1

More CONNECTED

IoT will connect at least 50 billions objects during the next 5 years

More DISTRIBUTED

French and wordwide evolution…

Source: ERDF

Worldwide

2015: 342406 DG units, 19343 MW

•5

Integration of intermittent energy and EVs

■ EVs 1 Mo fast charging stations – 43 GW Stochastic effects – geographical and

temporal

Wind: Poweroutput of a wind farm over 1 month, UK PV: ex of Vinon sur Verdon (May 31st 2009)

6

Need for more intelligence…

Increasing complexity: how to cope? Fulfill changing needs

New usages, consum’actor, …. RES/DG integration Increased uncertainties

Need: multi-stakeholder approach

Constraints: Technological:

Build on existing assets

Maturity of technologies

Centralized vs Decentralized approaches

Economical Economical models and viability

Regulation Incentive vs “a posteriori » regulation

7

The ecosystem approach

Eco-system exampe through an Urban SG demo project in Grenoble and Lyon, Involving the various value chain stakeholders

•8

Cost-Benefit Analysis: Specification of the transition steps to the future smart system

Connection and control of DG (PV, cogeneration…)

Aggregation platformfor load flexibility/business model for the aggregator

Energy management tools (Linky & Energy box): Appliance curtailments + behavioral and sociological studies

Integration of electric vehicles and charging stations

ICT functions Through Linky smart meter and E-Box

Smart control solutions(measurement, monitoring, analysis, self-healing…)

9

Example of resulted innovations

Innovative D-VVCfor higher RES/DG integration rate

RES insertion limitWith P/Q classical controlSmax = 2 * 900 kWWith D-VVCSmax = 2 * 2600 kW

t = 1200 s : Tension sur le réseau

0.95 p.u.

1 p.u.

1.05 p.u.

Classical P/Q ControlOvervoltagesD-VVC

GreenLys Accusinefor VVC with RES Manufactured by Schneider Electric

PV panels located in Lyon Confluence on which the "Accusine" solution was tested.

The voltages varies :by +/-1% with the AccusineAnd by +/-8% without the Accusine.!

Main lessons learned and perspectives

Mobilization of the ecosystem:Existing knowledge triangle in Grenoble:

• Education – research - valorization

Complementarity of involved stakeholders through a multi-disciplinary topic Key facilitators: available funding, strong support from local communities

Lessons learned from the projectSuccess factors:

• Strong background for collaborative projects

• Confidence gained among involved stakeholders

• Good governance: project management, human interaction, information flows, …

Key motivating outputs• Innovations with value creation: direct stakeholders’ benefits, employment, knowledge

progress, pushing further the interdisciplinary frontiers,

• Strong will for further collaboration

From GreenLys to Multi-Scale Smart Energy at a district levelFueling the created fruitful collaborative dynamic System approach for multi energy SG: from the end user to the District Level

• 11

From GreenLys to the concept of Enernet District: The Ecosystem of the Grenoble « presqu’ile »

Courtesy: Tenerrdis

A system approach for Smart-energy (multi-energy, multi-level) design and management at the district level quartier

Courtesy: Tenerrdis

Courtesy: Tenerrdis

A system approach for Smart-energy (multi-energy, multi-level) design and management at the district level quartier

Courtesy: Tenerrdis

A system approach for Smart-energy (multi-energy, multi-level) design and management at the district level quartier

Business models for mgrids

Microgrid DC

Energy Cockpit

House of Enernet

Microgrid & flexibilité

Multi-vector energy

Courtesy: Tenerrdis

A system approach for Smart-energy (multi-energy, multi-level) design and management at the district level quartier

Large consumersHousesIndustriesLaboratories

• 17

Microgrids DC

Multi-vectors Energy

Existing Infrastructure

Microgrids and flexibility

System

EnernetHome

Energy Cockpit

Business Models of microgrids

• Urban Super

2.0

• Urban Super conductor

• Smart substation 2.0

Avoiding massive investments in a dense territory

Designing and implementing collaborative smart energy systems

Taking into account DG intermittency

Valorizing flexibilities from buildings and EVs

Qualify the new business models

Accompanying the new role of "consum'actor"

Guaranteeing the replicability of the model

Objectives and structures of the collaborative Multi-energy/ multi scale Smartgrid at a district level

Trans disciplinarity - Ecosystem

Sociologic aspect

Digital aspect

Example of the Enernet Cockpit

• Modelling of the realistic local energy system

• Simulating evolutive scenarii for establishing master plans at different time horizons

Digital Platform for Energy

• Mapping in real time the production, consumption and data flow of the different energy carriers

• Managing the system by guaranteeing the provision to the users and the balance of the grid at all times

• Accompanying local actors (consumers, private producers, network operators, etc.) to manage energy through new economic models

Conclusion

■ Major societal stakes■ Climate – Energy – security of supply

■ Energy transition and paradigm change

■ Grid issues: Increasing ComplexityRES on the rise and evolution of consumption patterns

Increasing uncertainty level

Technological, economical and regulatory challenges

■ From Heritage to innovationPower grid: evolution vs. revolution

Need for a system view: avoid analysis per « segment »

Complementarity of local and global actions

Remarkable field of scientific and technological developments

■ Managing transitions for a Smarter Grid …■ High Added value

■ Developing know-how and fostering employment