G r a d e 1 0 G e o G r a p h i c i s s u e s o f t h e 2 1 s t c e n t u r y ( 2 0 f )

Midterm Practice Examination Answer Key

Note: The practice examination will provide you with a sample of the types of questions you can expect on your midterm examination. Your actual examination will be marked out of a total of 100 marks, whereas the practice examination will only be marked out of 50 marks. Check the answer key to assess how you did on the questions.

M i d t e r m P r a c t i c e E x a m i n a t i o n A n s w e r K e y 3 of 15

G r a d e 1 0 G e o G r a p h i c i s s u e s o f t h e 2 1 s t c e n t u r y

Midterm Practice Examination Answer Key

Name: ___________________________________

Student Number: ___________________________

Attending q Non-Attending q

Phone Number: ____________________________

Address: _________________________________

__________________________________________

__________________________________________

InstructionsThe midterm examination is based on Modules 1 and 2 of the Grade 10 Geographic Issues of the 21st Century course. It is worth 25 percent of your final mark.

TimeYou will have a maximum of 2.5 hours to complete your midterm examination.

FormatThe format of the midterm examination is as follows:n Part A: Multiple Choice 8 marksn Part B: Fill-in-the-Blanks 4 marksn Part C: Matching 3 marksn Part D: Definitions 5 marksn Part E: Map Work 10 marksn Part F: Short Answer 10 marksn Part G: Long Answer 10 marks

Total examination value: 50 marks

Read the questions carefully so that you don’t miss any marks.

For Marker’s Use Only

Date: _______________________________

Final Mark: ________ /100 = ________ %

Comments:

Answer Key

G r a d e 1 0 G e o g r a p h i c I s s u e s o f t h e 2 1 s t C e n t u r y4 of 15

Part A: Multiple Choice

(a) (b) (c) (d)

1. m l m m

2. l m m m

3. m m m l

4. m m m l

5. m m l m

6. m l m m

7. l m m m

8. m m m l

Part B: Fill-in-the-Blanks

1. longitude

2. coniferous

3. sedimentary

4. ethanol

M i d t e r m P r a c t i c e E x a m i n a t i o n A n s w e r K e y 5 of 15

Name:

Part A: Multiple Choice (8 marks)

Use the answer sheet found on page 2 to answer the multiple choice questions in this section. Shade in the circle that corresponds to your answer. Do not circle your answers directly on the examination. Each question is worth 1 mark.

Note: On the real midterm examination, you will be asked to answer 17 questions. To help you practise, 8 sample questions have been provided. There are 4 questions that cover topics from Module 1 and 4 questions that cover topics from Module 2.

1. Latitude and longitude are used in which type of location description? (Module 1)a) specific locationb) absolute locationc) relative locationd) descriptive location

2. After the United States of America, which is the next closest foreign territory to Canada? (Module 1)a) Islands of St. Pierre and Miquelon (owned by France)b) Icelandc) Greenland (owned by Denmark)d) Alaska (owned by the United States)

3. Of the following major landform regions, which one does not extend into the United States of America? (Module 1)a) Canadian Shieldb) Interior Plainsc) Western Plateaus and Basinsd) Central American Highlands

4. Of the four main environmental types, which one best supports high densities of human populations? (Module 1)a) tundrab) desertc) grasslandd) forests

G r a d e 1 0 G e o g r a p h i c I s s u e s o f t h e 2 1 s t C e n t u r y6 of 15

5. Which country has the world’s largest oil reserve? (Module 2)a) Canadab) Norwayc) Saudi Arabiad) United States of America

6. Which of the following countries does not have a large supply of available fresh water resources? (Module 2)a) Indonesiab) Venezuelac) Russiad) China

7. Most of Canada’s non-commercial forest can be found in what major landform region? (Module 2)a) Canadian Shieldb) Coastal Lowlandsc) Cordilleran Regiond) Interior Plains

8. Of the countries listed below, which one is not one of the world’s largest producers of gold? (Module 2)a) South Africab) United States of Americac) Australiad) Brazil

M i d t e r m P r a c t i c e E x a m i n a t i o n A n s w e r K e y 7 of 15

Name:

Part B: Fill-in-the-Blanks (4 marks)

Use the answer sheet found on page 2 of this examination to answer the fill-in-the-blank questions of this section. Write your answer in the space provided that corresponds to the question. Do not write your answers directly on the examination.

Using a term from the word bank provided below, complete each of the statements that follow. Each blank is worth one mark. There are more terms provided than you need, so read over the list carefully and choose the terms you want to use.

Note: On the midterm examination, you will be asked to answer 7 questions. To help you practise, 4 sample questions have been provided. There is 1 question that covers topics from Module 1 and there are 3 questions that cover topics from Module 2.

coniferousdeciduousethanol

gasolinehybridlatitude

longitudeprecipitationsedimentary

1. The Prime Meridian, at zero degrees (0º), is the starting point for measuring . (Module 1)

2. Trees that produce cones and have needle leaves are known as trees. (Module 2)

3. Fossil fuels are usually found in rock because of the method of formation and its porous characteristics. (Module 2)

4. Derived from grain and corn, is a form of alcohol that can be added to gasoline to reduce the use of fossil fuels. (Module 2)

G r a d e 1 0 G e o g r a p h i c I s s u e s o f t h e 2 1 s t C e n t u r y8 of 15

Part C: Matching (3 marks)

In the spaces provided, write the letter of the term that best corresponds with the statement.

Note: On the midterm examination, you will be asked to answer 6 questions. To help you practise, 3 sample questions have been provided which cover topics from Module 2.

a) ore bodies (Module 2) C 1. The product of burning fossil fuels

b) selective cutting (Module 2) A

2. Mineral concentrations found underground

c) carbon dioxide (Module 2) B

3. Cutting down trees of a certain size or species

M i d t e r m P r a c t i c e E x a m i n a t i o n A n s w e r K e y 9 of 15

Name:

Part D: Definitions (5 marks)

Choose five of the following terms and write the definition of each in the space provided. Each question is worth one mark.

Note: On the midterm examination, you will be asked to choose and define 10 terms from a list of 12. To help you practise, 7 terms have been provided, 3 of which cover topics from Module 1 while the remaining 4 cover topics from Module 2.

1. Geographic Viewpoint (Module 1) This is the viewpoint of a geographer that asks questions about locations, why things are where

they are, and the relationships between different aspects of the world.

2. Geographic Information System (Module 1) This is integrated computer software for the input of data as well as the display, analysis, and

management of geographic information.

3. Place Attachment (Module 1) This is a strong connection to a familiar place, a feeling of comfort and familiarity with the place

where you live, part of your identity.

4. Fossil Fuels (Module 2) These are minerals such as petroleum, natural gas, and coal, which are burned to produce energy.

They are formed from plant and animal fossil remains in sedimentary rock.

5. More Developed (Module 2) This is a term used to describe a modern, industrialized country that enjoys a high standard

of living. Among such countries are countries in Europe and North America, as well as countries from other regions of the world.

6. Global Warming (Module 2) It is the gradual warming of Earth and its atmosphere which may be caused in part by pollution

and the increase of the greenhouse effect.

7. Stewardship (Module 2) Stewardship is looking after something for someone else; for example, managing resources

carefully and leaving enough for future generations.

G r a d e 1 0 G e o g r a p h i c I s s u e s o f t h e 2 1 s t C e n t u r y10 of 15

Part E: Map Work (20 marks)

Follow the directions for each question. Mark values are provided at the end of each question.

1. Map of Canada: Locate and label the following on the map of Canada. Use a dot to show the location of the cities. (5 marks) (Module 1)

Note: For question 1 on the midterm examination, you will be asked to locate and label 5 Canadian cities and 5 provinces and territories. To help you practise, a list of 3 cities and 2 provinces/territories has been provided. You must locate and label each one on the map of Canada.

Cities Provinces/TerritoriesYellowknifeOttawaSt. John’s

NunavutBritish Columbia

2. Map of North America: In the space below, name the features identified with letters and numbers on the map of North America. (5 marks) (Module 1)

Note: For question 2 on the midterm examination, you will be asked to name 3 major landform regions (identified on the map of North America with capital letters), 5 countries (identified with numbers on the map) and 2 water bodies (identified with numbers on the map). To help you practice, 2 major landform regions, 2 countries, and 1 water body have been identified. You must name them.

Landform Regions Countries Water BodiesA. Appalachian RegionB. Coastal Lowlands

1. Haiti2. Honduras

3. Gulf of Mexico

M i d t e r m P r a c t i c e E x a m i n a t i o n A n s w e r K e y 11 of 15

Name:

Map of Canada—Answer Key

provincial/territory bordercountry border

LEGEND

Yellowknife

Ottawa

St. John’s

Nunavut

BritishColumbia

N

S

EW

G r a d e 1 0 G e o g r a p h i c I s s u e s o f t h e 2 1 s t C e n t u r y12 of 15

Map of North America

B

A

3

A

1

2

B

B

A

B

N

S

EW

M i d t e r m P r a c t i c e E x a m i n a t i o n A n s w e r K e y 13 of 15

Name:

Part F: Short-Answer Questions (10 marks)

Answer each of the following questions in clear, concise paragraphs. Pay attention to the number of marks that each question is worth, as this may help you decide how much information to provide for full marks.

Note: On the midterm examination, you will be asked to answer at least 5 questions that total 20 marks. To help you practise, 1 question has been provided which covers topics from Module 1 and 2 questions have been provided which cover topics from Module 2.

1. Describe how map projections can skew the true shape or size of landmasses. Use examples to support your answer. (4 marks) (Module 1)

Some map projections show the areas (sizes) of countries accurately; however, others, such as the Mercator projection, show a lot of size distortion. These distortions increase as you move away from the equator; thus, countries in the mid and higher latitudes appear much larger in relation to equatorial countries. For example, in the Mercator projection, Greenland appears larger than South America: in reality though, it is only one-eighth of its size. Likewise, North America appears much larger than Africa but it is actually smaller.

2. Forests are important resources for humans as they provide us with wood and paper. What are some other reasons why forests are so important to humans? Identify at least 4 reasons. (4 marks) (Module 2)

Answers could include at least four of the following responses:n provide habitat for birds and animalsn remove carbon dioxide and add oxygen to the atmospheren hold water to reduce floodingn hold soil in place to reduce erosionn provide areas for hunting and trappingn provide food items such as berriesn provide tourism and recreation facilitiesn purify water via wetlands in forest regions

3. List at least two metallic minerals. (2 marks) (Module 2)Answers could include at least two of the following:n nickel n coppern silver n zincn gold n iron

G r a d e 1 0 G e o g r a p h i c I s s u e s o f t h e 2 1 s t C e n t u r y14 of 15

Part G: Long-Answer Questions (10 marks)

Respond to the following question in a well-developed essay.

Note: On the midterm examination, you will be provided with three essay questions. You are to choose two of these questions and respond in a clear, well-developed essay. Each question will be worth 10 marks for a total of 20 marks. The essay marking rubric will be provided for you on the examination. To help practice, one sample essay question has been provided that covers topics from Module 1.

1. What is meant by the term global environmental type? Discuss this term and the unique characteristics of the four major global environment types in terms of their general locations, landforms, vegetation, and climate. Explain the apparent relationship between environmental types and population, and give real-world examples. (10 marks) (Module 1)

Marking Rubric (10 marks)10–7 marks 6–4 marks 3–0 marks

n Explains thoroughly the term global environmental type and compares this term to similar terms.

n Identifies the four major world environmental types and gives a thorough description of each type.

n Demonstrates a strong understanding of the relationship between environmental types and population with supporting real-world examples cited.

n Explains somewhat clearly the term global environmental type and compares this term to similar terms.

n Identifies the four major world environmental types and gives a description of each type.

n Demonstrates an understanding of the relationship between environmental types and population with supporting examples cited.

n A limited explanation of the term global environmental type is given with no comparison to similar terms.

n Identifies the four major world environmental types with no description given.

n Demonstrates a limited understanding of the relationship between environmental types.

Sample Response (in point form):n Global environmental types are large areas with certain landforms and plant and animal

communities. They are named after the main vegetation type in an area. Global environmental types are also known as biomes or ecosystems. The four major world environmental types are grassland, forest, tundra, and desert.

n Grassland environmental types are located in tropical and temperate regions of the world, and usually occupy lowlands and plains. Grasslands occur in relatively dry regions of the world where there is not enough precipitation for trees to grow.

M i d t e r m P r a c t i c e E x a m i n a t i o n A n s w e r K e y 15 of 15

Name:

n Forest environmental types are located in tropical, temperate, and subarctic regions where there is enough precipitation for trees to grow. They are found in lowlands, highlands, and mountain regions. Forest types range from evergreen tropical forests, rainforests, deciduous forests, to coniferous forests in various climatic regions from the tropics to the subarctic.

n Tundra environmental types are vegetation zones in northern regions or in higher elevations where it is too cold for trees to grow. Vegetation consists of shrubs, grasses, mosses, and lichens. Landforms range from flat plains to mountains. Tundra environmental types are located in arctic and mountainous regions of the world.

n Desert environmental types are arid (dry) regions of the world in tropical, subtropical, and temperate regions. They are covered in sand or sparse vegetation consisting of shrubs, grasses, and cactus plants. They occur on relatively flat land as well as in more rugged terrain, and even in mountainous regions.

n Due to varying conditions, some global environmental types are able to support much higher populations than others. The world’s highest populations are found in the mid-latitude broadleaf and mixed forest regions, such as those in eastern North America, Europe, and Southeast Asia. Grasslands and some tropical forests also support high populations. These are found in the Interior Plains of North America, South America, India, and parts of Africa. Deserts are not able to support many people due to their dry and often hot conditions. The Sahara Desert in Africa is a good example. The tundra environmental type also does not support high populations due to cold climatic conditions and remote locations. Northern Canada is a good example.