Not so simple machines
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Transcript of Not so simple machines
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Not so simple machines
The six hardest working machines in your world
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What is a machine?
• Machines make work easier.
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How do machines make work easier?
• They can change the amount of force• They can change the distance• They can also change the direction1. Multiply force which decreases
distance the load moves. 2. Multiply the distance which
decreases force.3. Or, they leave force and distance
alone but change the direction in which the load moves.
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What is mechanical advantage?
The number of times a machine multiplies the effort or input force.
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The Lever
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What is a Lever?a rigid bar that is free to turn about a fixed
point called the fulcrum
Every Lever has three (3) parts:
FulcrumPivoting Point
Resistance:
Object that is
moved
Effort:
Where force is placed.
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There are 3 types of levers:
• A first class lever is like a teeter-totter or see-saw. One end will lift an object (child) up just as far as the other end is pushed down.
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• A second class lever is like a wheel barrow. The long handles of a wheel barrow are really the long arms of a lever.
Picture from http://staff.harrisonburg.k12.va.us/~mwampole/1-resources/simple-machines/wheelbarrow.html
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• A third class lever is like a fishing pole. When the pole is given a tug, one end stays still but the other end flips in the air catching the fish.
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Diagrams of Levers
Effort force = input force
Load – output force
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Examples of Levers• 1st Class – Seesaw,
crowbar
• 2nd Class – Wheelbarrow, Nutcracker
• 3rd Class – Forearm, Rake, Broom
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The Pulley
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What is a pulley?A rope, belt or chain
wrapped around a grooved wheel.
Picture from http://discover.edventures.com/images/termlib/f/fixed_pulley/support.gif
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Diagrams of Pulleys
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Examples of Pulleys• Window Blinds
• Flagpole
Picture from http://home.howstuffworks.com/home-improvement/repair/how-to-repair-windows4.htm
Picture from http://www.engineersaustralia.org.au/careers/engquest/students-lower-sm.cfm?CFID=8384&CFTOKEN=96471203#Load?CFID=8384&CFTOKEN=96471203
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The Inclined Plane
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What is an inclined plane?
A straight slanted surface. ( Ex. a ramp.)
Picture from http://staff.harrisonburg.k12.va.us/~mwampole/1-resources/simple-machines/handicap-walk.html
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The Inclined Plane
Effort Distance
Resistance
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Examples of an Inclined Plane
• Ramp
• Stairs
Picture from http://staff.harrisonburg.k12.va.us/~mwampole/1-resources/simple-machines/steps.html#answer1
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The Screw
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What is a screw?An inclined plane that wraps
around a shaft.
Picture from http://www.nvsd44.bc.ca/sites/ReportsViewOnePopM.asp?RID=3812
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Diagram of Screw
Picture from http://www.engineersaustralia.org.au/ieaust/app_templates/coretemplates/engquest/images/Machines/SM_diagram12.jpg
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The Wedge
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The Wedge
an inclined plane that tapers to a sharp edge
Picture from http://www.engineersaustralia.org.au/ieaust/app_templates/coretemplates/engquest/images/Machines/SM_diagram11.jpg
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Examples of Wedges
Zipper
Door Stop
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The Wheel & Axle
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The Wheel & Axlea wheel connected to a
rigid pole• The Wheel & axle is a modified
lever:– The center of the axle acts as a
fulcrum – making the wheel a lever that rotates around in a circle.
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Examples of a wheel & axle
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What type of machine?
• http://staff.harrisonburg.k12.va.us/~mwampole/1-resources/simple-machines/
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Sources• http://www.science-class.net/
PowerPoints/Types%20of%20Simple%20Machines.htm
• http://www.science-class.net/PowerPoints/Work_Simple_Machines.htm