Not Just a Bunch of Not Just a Bunch of Hot AirHot Air

The Respiratory SystemThe Respiratory System

The Function of the The Function of the Respiratory SystemRespiratory System

» The respiratory system The respiratory system moves oxygen moves oxygen from the outsidefrom the outside into the bodyinto the body and and removes carbon dioxide and waterremoves carbon dioxide and water. (so . (so it also functions in excretion-it also functions in excretion-removing waste products from the removing waste products from the body)body)

»! Remember, the body needs oxygen as an ingredient in the chemical reactions that burn glucose, releasing the energy the body uses.

Parts of the Respiratory System

» In the beginning…In the beginning…

The Nose: cleans air with mucus The Nose: cleans air with mucus and hairlike projections and hairlike projections called called cilia.cilia.

The PharynxThe Pharynx

» The place where the The place where the nose and mouth connect nose and mouth connect in the back of the in the back of the throat (also is part of throat (also is part of your digestive system).your digestive system).

The TracheaThe Trachea» Our windpipe: it’s a Our windpipe: it’s a rigid tube protected by rigid tube protected by the the epiglottis,epiglottis, a flap a flap that prevents food from that prevents food from entering the trachea.entering the trachea.

» Also is lined with Also is lined with cilia and mucuscilia and mucus

Bronchi, Bronchioles, Bronchi, Bronchioles, and Lungsand Lungs

» Bronchi are the twin main tubular Bronchi are the twin main tubular passages which branch into the 2 lungspassages which branch into the 2 lungs

» The Bronchi then split into many The Bronchi then split into many smaller tubes called Bronchioles. smaller tubes called Bronchioles. These end in small air sacs called These end in small air sacs called Alveoli. Alveoli.

» The Bronchi, Bronchioles, alveoli, and The Bronchi, Bronchioles, alveoli, and their blood vessels make up the lungs.their blood vessels make up the lungs.

» Lungs are two large sacs and are the Lungs are two large sacs and are the main organs of the respiratory systemmain organs of the respiratory system

Alveoli (not a kind Alveoli (not a kind of pasta)of pasta)

» Small raspberry shaped Small raspberry shaped sacs surrounded by sacs surrounded by capillaries at the ends of capillaries at the ends of bronchioles where gases bronchioles where gases (oxygen and carbon (oxygen and carbon dioxide) are exchanged.dioxide) are exchanged.

How it all worksHow it all worksWhen you inhale you contract When you inhale you contract the diaphragm ( a large muscle the diaphragm ( a large muscle beneath the lungs) moving it beneath the lungs) moving it down, which lowers the lung’s down, which lowers the lung’s air pressure, drawing in air. air pressure, drawing in air.

When you exhale you relax the When you exhale you relax the diaphragm moving it up, diaphragm moving it up, increasing the lung’s air increasing the lung’s air pressure, so air rushes out.pressure, so air rushes out.

How you speakHow you speak» Air moves across slit like Air moves across slit like openings in your openings in your larynx (larynx (vocal vocal cords) located below your cords) located below your pharynx. This causes them to pharynx. This causes them to vibrate, making sound.vibrate, making sound.

» They (the openings in the They (the openings in the larynx) shorten when you make larynx) shorten when you make high-pitched sounds and lengthen high-pitched sounds and lengthen when you make low-pitched when you make low-pitched sounds.sounds.