North Sulawesi and Halmahera

16th – 29th July 2017

Leader: Carlos Bocos

Participants: Kenneth Berlin and Byron Swift

Wallace’s Standarwing, Halmahera © Carlos Bocos / Birdtour Asia This private tour was focussed on the northern extreme of the Minahasa Peninsula and Halmahera, home of some of the most exciting species of the region. Dumoga-Bone-Wartabone delivered plenty of jewels like the bizarre Maleo, the gorgeous Sulawesi Roller (Formerly Purple-winged Roller), Oberholser’s Fruit-dove, Sulawesi Dwarf Kingfisher and a much unexpected Sulawesi Cuckoo, a Birdtour Asia tick! We continued our journey in the legendary island of Halmahera where, as expected, Wallace’s Standarwing stole the show even with mega birds like Ivory-breasted Pitta, Moluccan Scrubfowl, Umbrella Cockatoo or Moluccan Owlet-nightjar. We finished the trip in the northernmost part of the Minahasa region, focussing on the famous Tangkoko and the slopes of the Gunung Mahawu near Tomohon. There we nailed a number of specialities like Ochre-bellied Boobook, Red-backed Thrush, the famous Gursky’s Tarsiers and the entertaining Black-crested Macaques. We started the tour in Manado, the main city of the Minahasa Peninsula. The very first stop was in some rice fields on the way to Kotamobagu, where we picked up our first Black-faced Munia of the trip along with commoner species like Cinnamon Bittern, White-browed Crake or Pied Stilt. We arrived to Kotamobagu in the heat of the day and

after have a delicious lunch, we drove straight to Tambun, the famous Maleo sanctuary, inside the Dumoga-Bone National Park. Once there, we entered the reserve with our friend Max and the endemic fest started. Black-billed Koels calling loudly, a superb White-faced Cuckoo-dove male displaying just in front of us, numerous Sulawesi Malkoha, tiny Sulawesi Hanging-parrots perched in the top of the palms and the best of the afternoon, up to 6 Maleo, perched in the trees and allowing outstanding scope-views. At night, we had our first night-birds, with several Great Eared Nightjars and our first Sulawesi Scops Owls of the trip.

Black-billed Kingfisher and Sulawesi Cuckoo, Dumoga Bone The next day we went back to Tambun, hoping for terrestrial Maleos. These birds are extremely sensitive, especially in the breeding ground, so we installed ourselves in one of the towers that the rangers use to count the birds. Finally, at 6:30, a brilliant couple of Maleo appeared just beside the tower. Absolutely amazing! Male and female scrutinizing the place, in the search of the best place to dig and lay the eggs. After 20 minutes, something scared them and they returned to the forest. With the main birds in the bag, we moved to another part of the National Park where the bird activity was hectic. Several groups of Short-crested Myna, few Oberholser’s fruit-dove calling, with one male scoped at close distance. A bit further down, just beside a river, we found a cracking Black-billed Kingfisher. This species is rarely recorded here and usually requires a boat trip in Tangkoko, so great job! The raptor activity was also noticeable, with Sulawesi Hawk-eagle, Sulawesi Serpent-eagle, Rufous-bellied Eagle and a lone Indonesian Kestrel. Right after lunch we headed to another part of the national park, where we had our first encounters with Lilac-cheeked Kingfisher, a fine couple of Grey-headed Imperial Pigeons, noisy groups of Ornate Lorikeets and a very obliging Sulawesi Roller. A torrential downpour deprived us of our owling session. Our pre-dawn owling was again frustrated by the heavy rain and we spent the rest of morning in a light rain, enjoying some excellent birding. One of the first birds we saw was an impressive Sulawesi Goshawk perched in a dead tree, completely soaked by the rain. It didn’t take too long to find another great target, the tiny Pygmy Hanging-parrot, with excellent scope views. Much to our surprise, we got another nice group of Grey-headed Imperial Pigeon, for sure the scarcest Ducula of the trip almost side-by-side with a small party of Sulawesi Triller. A fine group of skittish Sulawesi Dwarf Hornbills gave nice views and suddenly, a big group of Purple Needletails appeared, along with Sulawesi, Uniform and Glossy Swiftlet for very educative views. At lunch we received a phone call from the local guide, alerting us about a very obliging Sulawesi Pitta in Tambun so right after lunch, we drove there. Didn’t take too long till have this beautiful beast hopping about in all its glory, giving excellent views. After another short walk in Tambun with nothing new to add, we visited a small marsh on the way to Kotamobagu, where Purple Swamphen, Dusky Moorhen and Little Grebe were all new for the trip. We tried again with the night-birding but it was hopeless in the heavy, torrential rain. So well-armed with raincoats and umbrellas we started a wet and tough birding session which, surprisingly, proved to be excellent despite the conditions. A small flock of Sunda Teals passed close to our position, following the river, and at the same time, we had cracking ‘scope views of White-necked Myna, White-faced Cuckoo-dove, Sulawesi Honey-buzzard and Sulawesi Serpent Eagle. In the middle of this bird-fest, a bird crossed the river, Sulawesi Cuckoo!!!! Hard to believe but yes, one of the toughest endemics of the island, showing superbly even for ‘scope views and photos – a Bird tour Asia lifer no less. The bird was eventually mobbed by an aggressive White-necked Myna and joined by a second individual. Simply fantastic. At a clearing, we had a nice parrot show, with all the possible species in the scope, including both racquet-tails in the same tree allowing very instructive views, raucous Blue-rumped Parrots and again both hanging-parrots. The Sulawesi Rollers called loudly from their favourite tree. Once inside the forest we managed our first views of one of the most brilliant Sulawesi jewels: the Sulawesi Dwarf-kingfisher. We spent the afternoon looking for the endemic sparrowhawks but the luck was not with us.

Another early morning drive took us to Gunung Ambang, a pretty isolated mountain not far away from Kotamobagu and home of some tough, sought-after, species. The rain frustrated our night-birding again but we didn’t give up. This time we just worked the lower part of the mountain, skipping the trek to the Matinan Warbling-flycatcher spot. Even with that, we got a number or crackers, including a pair of the scarce Purple-bearded Bee-eaters and a small group of noisy Malia, along with commoner montane species like Sulawesi Leaf-warbler, Sulphur-vented Whistler, Citrine Canary-flycatcher, to name few of them. After this tasty bite of montane birding, we drove to Manado, where we enjoyed a great dinner and rest before depart to Halmahera.

Sulawesi Serpent-eagle and Sulawesi Dwarf-kingfisher In early morning we took a short flight to Kao, in the northern part of the island. We arrived to Halmahera at a perfect time for birding and along the way to our lodge we started to pick up endemics. Groups of Halmahera Paradise-crow were more obliging than usual meanwhile busy fruiting trees hosted good numbers of pigeons and doves, including the delightful Cinnamon-bellied Imperial Pigeon and the striking Grey-headed Fruit-dove. Another stop on the way gave us excellent views of a couple of Beach Kingfishers, meanwhile large groups of Red-flanked Lorikeet fed unconcerned at the top of the flowering sago trees. The lifers continued to flow and at a high pass we had our first encounters with the stonking Umbrella Cockatoo, a species which still heavily trapped unfortunately. Small numbers of the colourful Blue-and-white Kingfisher where perched in the wires along the road meanwhile large numbers of Blyth’s Hornbill were feeding in Areca palms, much to our delight. Halmahera Cuckooshrikes performed really well too, then our first Varied Goshawk performed superbly before being mobbed by some Red-cheeked Parrots. A rather distant Dusky Myzomela was brief but good enough for scope views and a small group of Goliath Coucal showed well. We arrived to our fantastic accommodation at Weda pretty late, so the next morning on the way to the highlight of the trip we had point blank views of the main night target of the Halmahera leg, the bizarre Moluccan Owlet-nightjar, the only member in the genus which inhabits the Indonesian archipelago. Not far from there, we found another surprise. A sensational Ivory-breasted Pitta roosting in a small tree, just a few meters away and allowing really amazing views. After this brilliant start, we continue our way, already hearing the loud calls of the Wallace’s Standardwing. We arrived to the place in the half light and the activity was already really high, with no less than 6 males displaying at really close range, calling and parachuting at their best. The presence of a couple of females made the show longer than usual. Once the show was finished, the lifers came slowly but steadily, with cracking views of Moluccan Goshawk at its nest, where a juvenile almost ready to fly was claiming its breakfast loudly. A beautiful White-naped Monarch gave as a close performance almost at the same time we found another Ivory-breasted Pitta calling from a tree, allowing amazing views in the Swarovski scope. At lunch time and just in front the restaurant, an array of commoner north Moluccas species performed at close range, including the usually skittish Sombre Kingfisher, a pair of diminutive Blue-capped Fruit-doves feeding in a small fruiting tree and a nice mixed flock involving Rufous-bellied Triller, Halmahera White-eye (a proposed split from the Cream-throated complex), White-bellied Cuckooshrikes and a pair of Moluccan Monarch. The afternoon was slow as expected but we still manage to get nice views of both Lories, Chattering Lory which is now rare due the rampant trapping, and the smaller Violet-necked Lory. A nice couple of Moluccan Starlings posed for us as long as we wanted and we finished the afternoon in front a huge fruiting tree full of Spectacled Imperial Pigeons with small numbers of Cinnamon-bellied Imperial Pigeon between them. After that, we drove to a nearby spot and waited well positioned for the night-birding. In about ten minutes we had both Halmahera Boobook and Moluccan Scops-owl in the spotlight, both showing nicely.

Our second day was mostly spent at the highest elevations, where a small but fine selection of birds occur. On the way up we were distracted by a family of Nicobar Pigeons which was perched by the roadside. A Sahul Pitta, sometimes treated as North Moluccas Pitta, proved to be trickier than the doves but in the end, it gave a good show. Some busy flocks were feeding in the lower canopy and between the commoner species we found Moluccan Whistler and North Moluccan Leaf-warbler. Once at the highest point of the road a short walk found us a pretty responsive Gilolo Fantail (a field guide split from Rufous) and after a bit of search, we connected with the last target, Moluccan King Parrot. On the way down we had more or less the same species but eventually, we found a superb Rufous-necked Sparrowhawk, a species rarely recorded in Halmahera, which was brief but close and good enough. In a nearby pristine stream a sparkly Variable Dwarf Kingfisher was really hard to track but after some time, we all got nice views of this tiny forest gem. The last day on the way to Galela we cleaned up the remaining targets one by one in a flurry. The Dusky Scrubfowls showed superbly and the brilliant Azure Dollarbird finally showed up, giving us a good fly-by before cross the slope and away. After a lot of searching we connected with a pair of Scarlet-breasted Fruit-doves. The rest of the ride was uneventful, giving us time to catch our breath after the mornings success then at night we had one of the events of the trip, the visit to one of the few spots where the rare Moluccan Scrubfowls nest. After a short boat ride we reached the beach and we waited for a while in a light drizzle until our local guide found a cracking scrubfowl which allowed mega views at close distance, without a doubt one of the experiences of the trip.

Ivory-breasted Pitta and Halmahera Goshawk The next morning, on the way to the airport we stopped for good views of the skittish Pale-vented Bush-hen and then we made our way back to Manado and after enjoying the delicious Minahasa cuisine once more, we drove straight to Tangkoko. In the heat of the day we made a brief stop with nothing new, but an excellent flock of Ivory-backed Woodswallows hoovering and feeding actively over the forest. In the afternoon we to headed the forest in the search of our remaining targets. Several Tabon Scrubfowl were seen crossing the trail and in another spot, we had excellent views of another Sulawesi mega, the Red-backed Thrush. As darkness arrived, we positioned ourselves in the place where the Minahasa Masked Owl was calling in recent days but, despite a lot of effort, we didn’t manage to find the bird even though it was calling close by a couple of times. On the way back we had another encounter with a more obliging Sulawesi Scops-owl and almost outside the park, a Sulawesi Nightjar gave a nice performance. Our first morning in Tangkoko was as good as expected, with the forest in all its glory. Busy flocks of Ornate Lorikeets feeding alongside Grey-cheeked Green Pigeons were great until eventually disturbed by a couple of highly territorial Sulawesi Rollers which clearly dislike these neighbours near their nesting tree. Sulawesi Malkoha and Bay Coucal were calling from almost everywhere and a stunning Spot-tailed Goshawk performed well, with amazing scope studies. A bit further away and thanks to our skilled guide we found 3 Ochre-bellied Boobooks at their roost, much to our delight. We also enjoyed we some mega mammals, like a couple of troops of the world-famous Black-crested Macaques and two tiny Gursky’s Tarsiers, roosting in a fig tree – despite being the most famous tarsiers in the world they were only described earlier this year. Right beside our lodge, we enjoyed lovely views of a couple of Sulawesi Scops-owl at roost. The afternoon was hard and sweaty work but we managed great views of one of the remaining targets; White-rumped Cuckooshrike, and at night we had another close performance from Sulawesi Nightjar.

Our last morning in Tangkoko started in front of a superb fruiting tree with plenty of birds feeding. The main target, White-bellied Imperial Pigeon, showed superbly in the Swarovski scope along with a nice set of fruit-doves and pigeons. On the way back to the accommodation we picked up another endemic, the diminutive Sulawesi Pygmy Woodpecker, which again gave us a really close performance in a dead tree. After say good-bye to our guide and Tangkoko, we drove to Tomohon, where again we enjoyed the delicious Minahasa cuisine just before head to the slopes of the Gunung Mahawu. There we caught up with some mid-mountain specialities like Sulawesi Myzomela, Sulphur-vented Whistler, Turquoise Warbling-flycatcher and some more common species. At night we tried again for the Sulawesi Masked Owl in another spot and quickly we had the bird in full view in the spotlight. On our final morning we tried for Speckled Boobook, with a fantastic male coming really close, showing itself superbly as long as we wanted. Again we had another nice set of mountain specialities at Gunung Mahawu, including some superb views of Sulawesi Bush-hen, Sulawesi Myzomela and Superb Fruit-dove. After a short drive to Manado, we arrived just in time to have a toast to this excellent tour before it was time to depart. Top 5 Birds-of-the-trip

1. Wallace’s Standardwing 2. Maleo 3. Moluccan Scrubfowl 4. Ivory-breasted itta 5. Violet-necked Lory

Sulawesi Scops Owl and Ochre-bellied Boobook

Sulawesi Roller and Gorontalo Macaque

Sombre Kingfisher and Blue-and-white Kingfisher

Blyth’s Hornbill and Australasian Brush Cuckoo

Malia and Purple-bearded Bee-eater

Ashy Woodpecker and Sultan’s Cuckoo-dove

Blue-capped Fruit-dove and Red-backed Thrush

Rufous-bellied Triller and Pale-blue Monarch

Systematic List

ANSERIFORMES: Anatidae Wandering Whistling Duck Dendrocygna arcuata arcuata Sunda Teal Anas gibberifrons MEGAPODIDAE: Megapodes Tabon Scrubfowl Megapodius cumingii gilbertii Dusky Scrubfowl Megapodius freycinet Moluccan Scrubfowl Eulipoa wallacei Maleo Macrocephalon maleo S GALLIFORMES: Phasianidae Red Junglefowl Gallus gallus gallus PODICIPEDIDAE: Podicipedidae Little Grebe Tachybaptus ruficollis tricolor COLUMBIFORMES: Columbidae Red Collared Dove Streptopelia tranquebarica Spotted Dove Streptopelia chinensis tigrina Sulawesi Cuckoo Dove Macropygia albicapilla S Sultan's Cuckoo Dove Macropygia albiceps Great Cuckoo Dove Reinwardtoena reinwardtii Sulawesi Black Pigeon Turacoena manadensis S Asian Emerald Dove Chalcophaps indica Grey-cheeked Green Pigeon Treron griseicauda griseicauda Oberholser’s Fruit Dove Ptilinopus [subgularis] epius S Scarlet-breasted Fruit Dove Ptilinopus bernsteinii M Superb Fruit Dove Ptilinopus superbus temminckii Blue-capped Fruit Dove Ptilinopus monacha M Grey-headed Fruit Dove Ptilinopus hyogaster M Black-naped Fruit Dove Ptilinopus melanospila melanospila White-bellied Imperial Pigeon Ducula forsteni S Grey-headed Imperial Pigeon Ducula radiata S Green Imperial Pigeon Ducula aenea paulina Moluccan Imperial Pigeon Ducula perspicillata M Cinnamon-bellied Imperial Pigeon Ducula basilica basilica M Pied Imperial Pigeon Ducula bicolor bicolor Silver-tipped Imperial Pigeon Ducula luctuosa S CUCULIFORMES: Cuculidae Plaintive Cuckoo Cacomantis merulinus Heard only Sulawesi Brush Cuckoo Cacomantis (sepulcralis) virescens Australian Brush Cuckoo Cacomantis variolosus variolosus Cacomantis variolosus infaustus Little Bronze Cuckoo Chrysococcyx minutillus jungei Drongo Cuckoo Surniculus [lugubris] musschenbroeki M Heard only Black-billed Koel Eudynamys melanorhyncha S Channel-billed Cuckoo Scythrops novaehollandiae Yellow-billed Malkoha Phaenicophaeus calyorhynchus calyorhynchus S Phaenicophaeus calyorhynchus meridionalis Goliath Coucal Centropus goliath M Lesser Coucal Centropus bengalensis javanicus Bay Coucal Centropus celebensis celebensis S Centropus celebensis rufescens APODIFORMES: Hemiprocnidae Grey-rumped Treeswift Hemiprocne longipennis wallacii Moustached Treeswift Hemiprocne mystacea confirmata APODIFORMES: Apodidae Uniform Swiftlet Aerodramus vanikorensis aenigma Aerodramus vanikorensis heinrichi Aerodramus vanikorensis waigeuensis

Halmahera Swiftlet Aerodramus infuscata M Sulawesi Swiftlet Aerodramus sororum S Glossy Swiftlet Aerodramus esculenta manadensis Aerodramus esculenta esculenta Aerodramus esculenta spilura Purple Needletail Hirundapus celebensis Asian Palm Swift Cypsiurus balasiensis APODIFORMES: Aegothelidae Moluccan Owlet-nightjar Aegotheles crinifrons M CAPRIMULGIFORMES: Caprimulgidae Great Eared Nightjar Lyncornis macrotis macropterus Large-tailed Nightjar Caprimulgus macrurus schlegelii Sulawesi Nightjar Caprimulgus celebensis celebensis S GRUIFORMES: Rallidae Buff-banded Rail Gallirallus philippensis Barred Rail Gallirallus torquatus celebensis White-browed Crake Poliolimnas cinereus cinereus Rufous-tailed Bush-hen Amaurornis moluccanus Isabelline Bush-hen Amaurornis isabellinus S White-breasted Waterhen Amaurornis phoenicurus leucomelanus Dusky Moorhen Gallinula tenebrosa frontata Common Moorhen Gallinula chloropus orientalis Purple Swamphen Porphyrio [porphyrio] indicus CHARADRIIFORMES: Burhinidae Beach Thick-knee Esacus magnirostris Heard only CHARADRIIFORMES: Recurvirostridae White-headed Stilt Himantopus [himantopus] leucocephalus CHARADRIIFORMES: Turnicidae Barred Buttonquail Turnix suscitator rufilata SULIFORMES: Frigateidae Great Frigatebird Fregata minor Lesser Frigatebird Fregata ariel ARDEIDAE: Ardeidae Great-billed Heron Ardea sumatrana Purple Heron Ardea purpurea Eastern Great Egret Ardea alba modesta Intermediate Egret Ardea intermedia Cattle Egret Ardea ibis coromandus Little Egret Egretta garzetta Pacific Reef Egret Egretta sacra Javan Pond Heron Ardeola speciosa Striated Heron Butorides striatus javanicus Butorides striatus moluccarum Yellow Bittern Ixobrychus sinensis Black Bittern Ixobrychus flavicollis flavicollis Ixobrychus flavicollis gouldi ACCIPITRIFORMES: Pandionidae Osprey Pandion haliaetus cristatus ACCIPITRIFORMES: Accipitridae Sulawesi Honeybuzzard Pernis celebensis S Black Kite Milvus lineatus affinis Brahminy Kite Haliastur indus White-bellied Sea Eagle Ichthyophaga leucogaster Sulawesi Serpent Eagle Spilornis rufipectus rufipectus S Spotted Harrier Circus assimilis Spot-tailed Goshawk Tachyspiza trinotatus S

Varied Goshawk Tachyspiza hiogastra griseogularis M Halmahera Goshawk Tachyspiza henicogrammus M Black Eagle Ictinaetus malayensis malayensis Gurney's Eagle Aquila gurneyi Rufous-bellied Eagle Lophotriorchis kienerii formosus Sulawesi Hawk Eagle Nisaetus lanceolatus S STRIGIFORMES: Tytonidae Sulawesi Masked Owl Tyto rosenbergii rosenbergii S Minahasa Masked Owl Tyto inexspectata S Heard only STRIGIFORMES: Strigidae Sulawesi Scops Owl Otus manadensis S Moluccan Scops Owl Otus magicus leucospilus Ochre-bellied Boobook Ninox ochracea S Halmahera Boobook Ninox hypogramma M Speckled Boobook Ninox punctulata S CORACIIFORMES: Bucerotidae Sulawesi Hornbill Penelopides exarhatus exarhatus S Penelopides exarhatus sanfordi Knobbed Hornbill Aceros cassidix S Blyth's Hornbill Rhyticeros plicatus PICIFORMES: Picidae Sulawesi Pygmy Woodpecker Dendrocopos temminckii S Ashy Woodpecker Mullueripicus fulvus fulvus S Mullueripicus fulvus wallacei CORACIIFORMES: Alcedinidae Green-backed Kingfisher Actenoides monachus monachus S Common Paradise Kingfisher Tanysiptera galatea browningi Sulawesi Lilac Kingfisher Cittura cyanotis S Great-billed Kingfisher Pelargopsis melanorhyncha melanorhyncha S Blue-and-white Kingfisher Halcyon diops M Sombre Kingfisher Halcyon funebris M Collared Kingfisher Todiramphus chloris chloris Beach Kingfisher Halcyon saurophaga Sacred Kingfisher Todiramphus sanctus Sulawesi Dwarf Kingfisher Ceyx fallax fallax S Azure Kingfisher Alcedo azurea affinis Common Kingfisher Alcedo atthis hispidoides CORACIIFORMES: Meropidae Rainbow Bee-eater Merops ornatus Purple-bearded Bee-eater Meropogon forsteni S CORACIIFORMES: Coraciidae Sulawesi Roller Coracias temminckii S Common Dollarbird Eurystomus orientalis orientalis Azure Dollarbird Eurystomus azureus M FALCONIFORMES: Falconidae Indonesian Kestrel Falco moluccensis moluccensis Falco moluccensis microbalia Peregrine Oriental Hobby

Falco peregrinus ernestei Falco severus

PSITTACIFORMES: Cacatuidae Umbrella Cockatoo Cacatua alba M PSITTACIFORMES: Psittacidae Violet-necked Lory Eos squamata riciniata Ornate Lorikeet Trichoglossus ornatus S Chattering Lory Lorius garrulus garrulus M Red-flanked Lorikeet Charmosyna placentis intensior Eclectus Parrot Elclectus roratus vosmaeri

Red-cheeked Parrot Geoffroyus geoffroyi cyanicollis Minahasa Racquet-tail Prioniturus flavicans S Sulawesi Racquet-tail Prioniturus platurus S Blue-backed Parrot Tanygnathus sumatranus sumatranus Great-billed Parrot Tanygnathus megalorynchos megalorynchos Moluccan King Parrot Alisterus amboinensis hypophonius Sulawesi Hanging Parrot Loriculus stigmatus S Moluccan Hanging Parrot Loriculus amabilis amabilis M Pygmy Hanging Parrot Loriculus exilis S PASSERIFORMES: Pittidae Sulawesi (Sahul) Pitta Erythropitta [erythrogaster] celebensis Moluccan (Sahul) Pitta Erythropitta [erythrogaster] rufiventris Ivory-breasted Pitta Pitta maxima maxima M PASSERIFORMES: Meliphagidae Dusky Myzomela Myzomela obscura simplex M Sulawesi Myzomela Myzomela chloroptera chloroptera S Halmahera Friarbird Melitograis gilolensis M Lesser Myza Myza celebensis celebensis S PASSERIFORMES: Pardalotidae Golden-bellied Gerygone Gerygone sulphurea flaveola PASSERIFORMES: Oriolidae Halmahera Oriole Oriolus phaeochromus M Black-naped Oriole Oriolus chinensis celebensis PASSERIFORMES: Pachycephalidae Sulphur-vented Whistler Pachycephala sulfuriventer S Moluccan Whistler Pachycephala macrorhyncha mentalis Drab Whistler Pachycephala griseonota cinerascens M PASSERIFORMES: Artamidae White-breasted Woodswallow Artamus leucorynchus albiventer Artamus leucorynchus leucopygialis Ivory-backed Woodswallow Artamus monachus S PASSERIFORMES: Campephagidae Moluccan Cuckooshrike Coracina fortis magnirostris M Pied Cuckooshrike Coracina bicolor S Heard only White-rumped Cuckooshrike Coracina leucopygia S White-bellied Cuckooshrike Coracina papuensis Halmahera Cicadabird Lalage parvula M Wallacean Cicadabird Lalage amboinensis grayi Sulawesi Cicadabird Lalage morio morio S Sulawesi Triller Lalage leucopygialis S Rufous-bellied Triller Lalage aurea M PASSERIFORMES: Rhipiduridae Willie Fantail Rhipidura leucophrys melaleuca Sulawesi Fantail Rhipidura teysmanni toradja S Rhipidura teysmanni teysmanni Gilolo Fantail Rhipidura torrida PASSERIFORMES: Dicruridae Sulawesi Spangled Drongo Dicrurus montanus S Halmahera Spangled Drongo Dicrurus atrocaeruleus M White-eyed Spangled Drongo Dicrurus leucops PASSERIFORMES: Paradisaeidae Halmahera Paradise-crow Lycocorax pyrrhopterus pyrrhopterus M Wallace's Standardwing Semioptera wallacei halmaherae M PASSERIFORMES: Monarchidae

Pale-blue Monarch Hypothymis puella S White-naped Monarch Monarcha pileatus pileatus M Wallacean Monarch Monarcha trivirgatus bimaculatus Moluccan Monarch Myiagra galeata galeata M Shining Monarch Piezorhynchus alecto alecto PASSERIFORMES: Corvidae Sulawesi Crow Corvus enca celebensis S Piping Crow Corvus typicus S Long-billed Crow Corvus validus M PASSERIFORMES: Stenostiridae Citrine Canary Flycatcher Culicicapa helianthea helianthea PASSERIFORMES: Hirundinidae Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica Pacific Swallow Hirundo tahitica PYCNONOTIDAE: Bulbuls Sooty-headed Bulbul Pycnonotus aurigaster aurigaster Introduced Halmahera Golden Bulbul Alophoixus [longorostris] chloris M Malia Malia grata stresemanni S Malia grata recondita PASSERIFORMES: Pellorneidae Sulawesi Babbler Pellorneum celebense celebense S Pellorneum celebense rufofuscum Pellorneum celebense finschi PASSERIFORMES: Zosteropidae Mountain White-eye Zosterops montanus montanus Lemon-bellied White-eye Zosterops chloris mentoris Zosterops chloris intermedius Halmahera White-eye Zosterops (atriceps) fuscifrons M Black-crowned White-eye Zosterops atrifrons S Sulawesi Heleia Heleia squamiceps squamiceps S Heleia squamiceps striaticeps PASSERIFORMES: Phylloscopidae Sulawesi Leaf Warbler Phylloscopus nesophilus S North Moluccan Leaf Warbler Phylloscopus waterstradti henrietta M PASSERIFORMES: Cettidae Mountain Leaftoiler Orthotomus cuculatus riedeli Orthotomus cuculatus stentor PASSERIFORMES: Locustellidae Sulawesi Grasshopper Warbler Locustella castaneus S PASSERIFORMES: Cisticolidae Zitting Cisticola Cisticola juncidis constans Golden-headed Cisticola Cisticola exilis rustica

PASSERIFORMES: Sturnidae Moluccan Starling Aplonis mysolensis mysolensis Asian Glossy Starling Aplonis panayensis panayensis Metallic Starling Aplonis metallica metallica Javan Myna Acridotheres javanicus Introduced Short-crested Myna Basilornis celebensis S White-necked Myna Streptocitta albicollis albicollis S Streptocitta albicollis torquata Grosbeak Myna Scissirostrum dubium S

PASSERIFORMES: Turdidae Red-backed Thrush Geokichla erythronota S PASSERIFORMES: Muscicapidae Turquoise Warbling-flycatcher Eumyias panayensis septentrionalis Snowy-browed Flycatcher Ficedula hyperythra annalisa Ficedula hyperythra jugosae Little Pied Flycatcher Ficedula westermanni Sulawesi Jungle Flycatcher Cyornis [rufigastra] omissa S PASSERIFORMES: Dicaeidae Yellow-sided Flowerpecker Dicaeum aureolimbatum aureolimbatum S Crimson-crowned Flowerpecker Dicaeum nehrkorni S Halmahera Flowerpecker Dicaeum schistaceiceps M Grey-sided Flowerpecker Dicaeum celebicum celebicum S PASSERIFORMES: Nectariniidae Black Sunbird Nectarinia aspasia grayi Nectarinia aspasia porphyrolaema Sahul Sunbird Nectarinia (jugularis) clementiae plateni Nectarinia (jugularis) clementiae frenata Crimson Sunbird Aethopyga siparaja flavostriata Aethopyga siparaja beccarii PASSERIFORMES: Estrildidae Black-faced Munia Lonchura molucca Scaly-breasted Munia Lonchura punctulata particeps Black-headed Munia Lonchura atricipilla PASSERIFORMES: Passeridae Eurasian Tree Sparrow Passer montanus MAMMALS Sulawesi Dwarf Squirrel Gursky’s Tarsier Sulawesi Crested Macaque Gorontalo Macaque

Prosciurillus murinus Tarsius spectrumgurskyae Macaca nigra Macaca Nigrescens

S = Species endemic to the Sulawesi Subregion M = Species endemic to the Moluccas. Int = Introduced species 287 species recorded including eight heard only