Nervous System. Some Interesting Facts 85 billion (85,000,000,000) neurons in the human brain. 3,000...
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Transcript of Nervous System. Some Interesting Facts 85 billion (85,000,000,000) neurons in the human brain. 3,000...
![Page 1: Nervous System. Some Interesting Facts 85 billion (85,000,000,000) neurons in the human brain. 3,000 years one cell/second 1 neuron cell body = 10 microns.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649ee75503460f94bf8886/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Nervous System
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Some Interesting Facts
• 85 billion (85,000,000,000) neurons in the human brain.
• 3,000 years one cell/second • 1 neuron cell body = 10 microns wide
85,000,000,000 neurons = 850 km
• If you use a basketball (diameter = ~24 cm) as the cell body, then your axon would have to be 240,000 cm (2.4 kilometers)
in length!
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► A baby's brain is a mystery.
► The mystery begins in the womb -- only four weeks into gestation the first brain cells, the neurons, are already forming at an astonishing rate: 250,000 every minute.
► Billions of neurons will form links with billions of other neurons and eventually there will be trillions and trillions of connections between cells.
► Every cell is precisely in its place, every link between neurons carefully organized. Nothing is random, nothing by chance.
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CNS Development
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Functions of the Nervous System1. Sensory input
· changes = stimuli
2. Integration· processing
3. Motor output· response to stimuli
(The response activates muscles or glands)
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Neuron
Slide 7.10
· Extensions outside the cell body· Dendrites –
toward the cell body
· Axons –away from the cell body
Figure 7.4a
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Neurons
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Figure 12.2b
Glial Cells
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Anatomy of the Nervous System
Slide 7.2
· Central nervous system (CNS)· Brain
· Spinal cord
· Peripheral nervous system (PNS)· Nerve outside the brain and spinal cord
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Central nervous system (CNS)– Brain– Spinal cord
CNS is protected by• Bone • Meninges• CSF
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Bone
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Meninges
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CSF
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Spinal cord
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CSF ?
LP?
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Structure of spinal cord
• Roots dorsal, ventral
• Hornsanterior, posterior, lateral
• Columnsanterior, posterior, lateral
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Dorsal
Ventral
WhiteMatter
GrayMatter
CentralCanal
Spinal Cord
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Gray Matter
Dorsal
Lateral
Ventral
Horns
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vv
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• Root dorsal, ventral
• Nerve
• Ramus/Brunchanterior, posterior
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Dorsal
Ventral
WhiteMatter
Spinal Cord White Matter
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Ascending (Sensory)
Figure 16.1
touch & conscious proprioception
pain & temperature
unconscious proprioception
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Descending (motor)
Muscle movement
Muscle balance
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Brain