Navigation Acts 1650-1696 Mercantilism – country must have more exports than imports Colonies...
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Transcript of Navigation Acts 1650-1696 Mercantilism – country must have more exports than imports Colonies...
Navigation Acts 1650-1696
Mercantilism – country must have more exports than imports
Colonies could only trade with Britain
Colonies were taxed on some imports from Britain
Colonists smuggled goods to avoid taxes
Colonists saw their rights as Englishmen being taken away
Causes of the Revolution
Proclamation of 1763British attempt to end troubles with Native Americans
Colonists forbidden from settling west of the Appalachian Mts.
10,000 British soldiers on the frontier
Speculators had already bought land
Causes of the Revolution
Sugar Act (1764)To stop smuggling with the French W. Indies
Writs of Assistance used
Lowered tax on molasses
Smugglers would be tried in front of a British judge
Right to trial by jury was taken away
Causes of the Revolution
Stamp Act (1765)Britain faced a huge war debt, needed $
Tax on all printed goods in the colonies
A British stamp had to be applied to all printed items
British Stamps on Printed Material
Causes of the RevolutionStamp Act Protests
Colonists had been taxed without a voice in ParliamentSons of Liberty formed in BostonBurning effigies and boycotts throughout the coloniesStamp Act Congress (9 colonies) claim that only the colonies can tax themselves
Sons of Liberty visit a Tax Collector
Causes of the Revolution
Stamp Act RepealedParliament repeals Stamp Act (1766)
Parliament also passes Declaratory Act• Parliament claims the right to tax the
colonies
Causes of the Revolution
Townshend Acts (1767)British tax on imported goods
Included everyday items (glass, tea, paper)
More boycotts
Daughters of Liberty: “Produce goods at home”
Causes of the Revolution
Boston Massacre (1770)British troops sent to Boston (redcoats)
Arguments between Bostonians & redcoats
Standoff between crowd & soldiers
A soldier is hit by a rock, accidentally fires on crowd
Causes of the Revolution
Boston Massacre (1770)Five colonists were killed, including Crispus Attucks (African American, leader of the group)
Anti-British propaganda spreads (Revere)
John Adams defended the soldiers in court
Boston Massacre Propaganda
Causes of the Revolution
Boston Tea Party (1773)Tea Act: British Tea Company would not pay same tax as colonial merchants
Tea ships arrived in Boston in December
Sons of Liberty dressed as Mohawks and dumped the tea into Boston Harbor
Boston Tea Party
Causes of the RevolutionCoercive (Intolerable) Acts (1774)
To punish Boston for the Tea Party
Closed Boston Harbor until tea was paid for
Forced colonists to quarter (house) British soldiers
Other colonies sent food & clothing as aid
Britain prohibited town meetings
The Road to War - Overview
Proclamation of 1763
Britain taxes the colonies to pay for the French and Indian War
Britain interference in the colonies right to self-government
“Taxation without representation is tyranny!” James Otis