Natural Sciences. 2nd of ESO: Heat & Temperature

8/17/2019 Natural Sciences. 2nd of ESO: Heat & Temperature

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NATURAL SCIENCE2ND OF ESO

UNIT 10?HEAT AND

TEMPERATURE


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WHAT IS HEAT?

Heat is the thermal energy which transfers form onebody or system to another.

This transfer is caused by a difference of temperature.

Heat flows inone direction:

fro higher te!erat"re#t$e %"!& to

lowerte!erat"re#t$e $an's&(

One s)stereleases $eat#t$e %"!& an't$e ot$erabsorbs it

#t$e $an's&(


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THERMAL EQULIBRIUM

When two bodies or systems are at the same temperature,they can't transfer heat between them. This is called

thermal equilibrium.


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HEAT UNITST$ere are two eas"reents of $eat:

Sin%e $eat is t$eral energy in transit* in t$e UniternationalS)ste t$e eas"reent "nit for $eat is t$e oule !"#(

T$e ost %oon "nit of eas"reent for $eat is t$ecalorie !cal#( It is "se' for t$eral !"!s an' foo'(

$#

%#

1+ , 0*2- %al1%al , -1.-+


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WHAT IS TEMPERATURE?

Temperature is the measurement of the amount of heat in

a body or a system.Heat an' te!erat"re ARE NOT THE SA/E:

Heat is energy intran&it . When a body

transfers heat toanother, its

temperaturedecreases.

T$e so'a transfers

$eat to t$e i%e %"es*so ets %ol'er(

When a bodyabsorbstemperature from

another, itstemperatureincreases.

T$e i%e %"esre%iee $eat fro t$e

so'a* so t$e) etwarer an'eent"all) elt(

((("ntil t$e) rea%$ t$e thermal equilibrium #ot$ s)stes are at t$e

sae te!erat"re&(


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WHAT ARE THE EFFECTS OF HEAT?E'PAN()*N+ T$is is t$e in%rease of ol"e w$i%$ o%%"rs w$en a s)ste

ains $eat or in%reases its te!erat"re(

,*NTRA,T)*N+ T$is is t$e 'e%rease in ol"e w$i%$ o%%"rs w$en as)ste loses $eat or %ools(


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BOILIN POINT ! MELTIN POINT3$ile a %$ane of state is o%%"rin* t$e s"stan%e doesn't change itstemperature* no atter if it4s asorin or releasin $eat(

T$is $eat is "se' to %$ane t$e wa) its ole%"les are 'is!ose' in s!a%e(

T$e te!erat"re at wi%$a s"stan%e %$anesfro li5"i' to as is

%alle' boiling point/T$e oilin !oint forwater is 1006C(

T$e te!erat"re at wi%$a s"stan%e %$anesfro soli' to li5"i' is%alle' melting point/T$e eltin !oint forwater is 06C(


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HOW IS TEMPERATURE MEASURE"?


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HOW IS TEMPERATURE MEASURE"?


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HOW "OES HEAT TRANSFER?


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CON"UCTION

CON!CT"ON is how heat transfers in #O$" bodies or systems.

In %on'"%tion* $eat istranferre' ) CONTACT(

Two s"stan%es at'ifferent te!erat"restransfer $eat etweent$e t$ro"$ %onta%t*"ntill t$e) rea%$ t$e

sae te!erat"re #t$isis* t$e) rea%$ t$et$eral e5"iliri"&(


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CON"UCTORS ! INSULATORS

/etals are "s"all) oo'%on'"%tors( 3$en we to"%$t$e* we "s"all) feel %ol'e%a"se t$e $eat transfer is er)5"i%7(

8oro"s an' firo"s aterials*w$i%$ %an %ontain air in its

inners* are oo' ins"lators(


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CON#ECTION


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RA"IATION

Natural Sciences. 2nd of ESO: Heat & Temperature

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