Nathan Hall Senior Lecturer in Criminology and Policing Thursday 11 th September 2008.
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Nathan Hall Senior Lecturer in Criminology and Policing Thursday 11 th September 2008
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Transcript of Nathan Hall Senior Lecturer in Criminology and Policing Thursday 11 th September 2008.
Nathan HallSenior Lecturer in Criminology and Policing
Thursday 11th September 2008
Background
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Seven questions1. What is hate crime?2. How much of it is there?3. Who is affected?4. Where is it occurring?5. When is it occurring?6. Why is it occurring?7. What can be done to make the situation
better?3
“Any hate incident, which may or may not constitute a criminal offence, which is perceived by the victim or any other person, as being motivated by prejudice or hate”
4
Degree of Offender’s Prejudice
Strength ofCausalRelation
High
Low
High Low
I
High prejudice/
High causation
II
High prejudice/
Low causation
III
Low prejudice/
High causation
IV
Low prejudice/
Low causation
5
“how much hate crime there is and what the appropriate response should be depends upon how hate crime is conceptualised and defined.”
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5,862
11,050
23,346
20,628
16,711
15,453
15,319
15,449
477 462 390 467 484 290 324 2610
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
'Hat
e C
rim
es'
re
cord
ed
by
the
po
lice
Year
London (racist incidents) New York (all hate crimes)
7
James B. Jacobs
“These assertions [that underpin differential responses to hate crimes] depend upon empirical assumptions that seem dubious and have not been substantiated.”
8
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Andrew Sullivan
“To be sure, we have made much progress. Anyone who argues that America is as inhospitable to minorities and to women today as it has been in the past has not read much history”.
10
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“We should perhaps take a step back and carefully consider what it is that we are responding to in order to ensure that our efforts are appropriate, effective and above all built upon solid foundations”
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Seven (impossible) questions?1. What is hate crime?2. How much of it is there?3. Who is affected?4. Where is it occurring?5. When is it occurring?6. Why is it occurring?7. What can be done to make the situation
better?13
Plus ça change, plus c'est la même chose?
A decade of progress?
14
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Contact Other publications
Nathan HallICJS, Ravelin House,Museum Road,Portsmouth, PO1 [email protected] 843065
Hall, N. (2002). Blind Prejudice: The Impact of Hate Crime. Police Review, 18/10/02.
Hall, N. (2005). Hate Crime. Collumpton, Willan
Publishing. Hall, N. (2005). Community Responses to Hate Crime. In
F. Pakes, & J. Winstone (eds). Community Justice. Collumpton, Willan Publishing.
Hall, N. (2006). Proactive Anti-Racism. Police Professional,
Issue 49, pp 21-24. Hall, N. (2007). Policing Hatred. Police, March, p28-29. Hall, N. (2008a, forthcoming). Making Sense of Numbers:
The Social Construction of Hate Crime in London and New York. Vienna, European Monitoring Centre on Racism and Xenophobia.
Hall, N. (2008b, forthcoming). Policing Racist Hate Crime.
In H. S. Bhui (ed.) Race and Criminal Justice. London, Sage.
Hall, N. and Hayden, C. (2007). Is ‘hate crime’ a relevant
and useful way of conceptualising some forms of school bullying? International Journal on Violence in Schools. 3, p3-24.
