NASA TM X-64745 OFFGASSING OF NON-METALLIC MATERIALS … · W 7 3 23 S3 1 NASA TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM...
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W 7 3 23 S3 1 NASA TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM NASA TM X-64745 OFFGASSING OF NON-METALLIC MATERIALS IN 5 PS IA OXYGEN By F. T. Wells and D. R. Hamilton Astronautics Laboratory May 9, 1973 NASA George C. Marshall Space Flight Center Marshall Space Flight Center, Alabama MSFC - Form 3190 (Rev June 1971) https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19730014904 2019-12-24T01:56:09+00:00Z
Transcript of NASA TM X-64745 OFFGASSING OF NON-METALLIC MATERIALS … · W 7 3 23 S3 1 NASA TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM...
W 7 3 23 S3 1
NASA TECHNICAL
MEMORANDUM
NASA TM X-64745
OFFGASSING OF NON-METALLIC MATERIALS
IN 5 PS I A OXYGEN
By F. T. Wells and D. R. HamiltonAstronautics Laboratory
May 9, 1973
NASA
George C. Marshall Space Flight CenterMarshall Space Flight Center, Alabama
MSFC - Form 3190 (Rev June 1971)
https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19730014904 2019-12-24T01:56:09+00:00Z
TECHNICAL REPORT STANDARD TITLE PAGE1.
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REPORT NO.
NASA TM X-64745TITLE AND SUBTITLE
Off gassing of Non-MetallicOxygen
2. GOVERNMENT ACCESSION NO.
Materials in 5 psia
AUTHOR(S)
F. T. Wells and D. R. HamiltonPERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS
NASA - George C. Marshall Space Flight CenterMarshall Space Flight Center, AL 35812
SPONSORING AGENCY NAME AND ADDRESS
National Aeronautics and SWashington, D. C., 20546
SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
)ace Administration
3. R E C I P I E N T ' S CATALOG NO.
5 REPORT DATEMy 9, 1973
6. PERFORMING O R G A N I Z A T I O N CODE
8. PERFORMING O R G A N I Z A T I O N REPORT #
10. WORK U N I T NO.
1 1. CONTRACT OR GRANT NO.
13. TYPE OF REPORT 61 PERIOD COVERED
Technical Memorandum
14. SPONSORING AGENCY CODE
ABSTRACT
Offgas analyses results of non-metallic materials todetermine their conformance with MSFC-SPEC-101B, "Flammability,Odor, and Off gassing Requirements and Test Procedures forMaterials in Environments Which Support Combustion," arereported. This report contains results obtained since early1969 to the present time. Only results of Test No. 7 ofMSFC-SPEC-101B are shown in this report. A brief test andanalysis description including procedure development is alsopresented.
KEY WORDS
SECURITY CLASSIF.(of this reportl
Unclassified
18. D I S T R I B U T I O N STATEMENT
Unclassified - Unlimited
/Mt+i**Ur /•
20. SECURITY CLASSIF. (of this page)
Unclassified21. NO. OF PAGES 22. PRICE
37 NTIS
MSFC - Form 3292 (May 1969)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
SUMMARY 1
INTRODUCTION 1
TEST METHODS '. 1
Sample Testing in 5 psia Oxygen 1Analysis of Test Gases 2
TEST RESULTS AND DISCUSSION.
LIST OF TABLES
Table Title Page
• I Offgassing Results of Non-Metallic Materialsin 5 psia Oxygen 4
ill
OFFGASSING OF NON-METALL1C MATERIALS IN 5.0 PSIA OXYGEN
SUMMARY
Analysis results of a wide variety of non-metallic materialsfor offgassing products, including carbon monoxide and totalhydrocarbons in 5 psia oxygen are reported. A general method asdescribed in MSFC-SPEC-101B was.used for the tests. This methodis entitled "Flammability, Odor, and Offgassing Requirements andTest Procedures for Materials in Environments Which SupportCombustion."
INTRODUCTION
The Saturn Workshop atmosphere is essentially a closed looptype. It has, therefore, been necessary to screen all non-metallicmaterials to determine their toxicity effect when exposed to 5 psiaoxygen atmosphere environment planned for the Workshop. Offgasproducts of recommended materials for use in a habitation environ-ment should not exceed 25 micrograms per gram of sample carbonmonoxide and 100 micrograms per gram of sample total hydrocarbons(as pentane) when tested in accordance with MSFC-SPEC-101B.
The object of this report is to provide the results of threeyears testing of various non-metallic materials as generallydescribed in MSFC-SPEC-101B and to show test procedures used. Nouse recommendations are noted in this report although it can beuseful in guidance of design engineers and others for selection ofthe least toxic materials to be included in the Workshop design.It can be determined from Table I those materials which meet thetoxicity requirements of MSFC-SPEC-101B, that is, those whichoffgas less than 25 micrograms per gram of sample of carbon monoxideand less than 100 micrograms per gram of sample of total hydrocarbons,as pentane.
TEST METHODS
Sample Testing in 5 psia Oxygen
Most of the data presented are based on weight of the samplebefore testing. Some of the data are based on surface area exposurewhere sample weight could not be determined because of bonding ofthe test material to metal plates as received for testing. An ideal
sample weight of about 20 grams was desirable to conform with thespecification of 5 grams ± 0.25 gram per liter in MSFC-SPEC-101B forthe 4.2 liter test chambers. A surface area of 46.5 ±2.5 squareinches per liter was used where possible to conform with the specifi-cation value per liter of test chamber. The samples were sealed inthe test chambers equipped with bellows valves, evacuated with amechanical pump and backfilled to 5 psia with pure oxygen. Thechambers were then placed in an oven at 155°F for a 72 hour testheating period.
Analysis of Test Gases
Both carbon monoxide and total hydrocarbon analyses of the testcontainer gases were made by chromatographic flame ionization methods,The carbon monoxide method used was a well established one where thecarbon monoxide was catalyzed to methane by a nickel analyst atelevated temperature and then analyzed by flame ionization.
Initial total hydrocarbon analyses were made by Porapak Qchromatographic column separation of individual components followedby flame ionization detection. Since column materials of alltypes show selectivity in separation or elution of various materials,error can result in use of a single column type for separation ofinfinite organic compound types as can be the case of offgas analyses.Certain compounds will not elute from the column or require lengthytime periods for elution. A method was developed using an unpacked44 inch column so that hydrocarbon components would all elutesimultaneously in a short elution time. The flame air flow andhelium carrier gas flow was adjusted so that background output wasnot excessively high or that sensitivity was not lowered appreciably.Use of this procedure reduced analysis time from about 30 minutes toabout 5 minutes. Detailed test and analytical procedures aredescribed in MSFC-SPEC-lOlB; therefore, the procedure discussion willbe limited in this report.
TEST. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The results obtained by the test procedures as outlined aboveand generally outlined in MSFC-SPEC-lOlB are tabulated in Table I.As previously noted, the tests were in general made using 20 gramsamples or 196 square inches of surface area to conform to samplesize as noted in MSFC-SPEC-lOlB. The results are tabulated asmicrograms per gram of sample on samples where a weight could bemade. In the case of coatings, paints and that type of material,the results are reported as micrograms of carbon monoxide or total
hydrocarbons per 196 square inches. Where sample weights or surfacearea measurements were not applicable, total micrograms of carbonmonoxide and total hydrocarbons were reported.
Although many of the materials evaluated do not meet the standardsshown in MSFC-SPEC-101B, maximums of 25 micrograms per gram sample ofcarbon monoxide and 100 micrograms per gram sample of total hydro-carbons (as pentane), judgment as to their use may depend on amountsand application of these materials planned use in the Workshop. Manymaterials evaluated in this program were not designed for use in aspacecraft habitation environment; therefore, failure of a materialto meet the offgas requirement of MSFC-SPEC-101B is no reflectionon a material or any manufacturer. Failure to meet MSFC-SPEC-101Bonly restricts the use of the material to spacecraft environments.
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\A
APPROVAL
OFFGASSING OF NON-METALLIC MATERIALS IN 5 PSIA OXYGEN
BY
F. T. Wells and D. R. Hamilton
The information in this report has been reviewed for securityclassification. Review of any information concerning Department ofDefense or Atomic Energy Commission programs has been made by theMSFC Security Classification Officer. This report, in its entirety,has been determined to be unclassified.
** 1R. Nuhnelley ^\^\
Chief, Chemistry Branct \
R. J. ochw±trgnamerChief, Materials Division
Karl L. HeimburgDirector, Astronautics Laboratory"
33
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