1. Presented by Narendra Kumar M.Tech (EE) Roll no. 121660

2. contents Introduction. Overview of WSS. System components & description. Water treatment plant process & flow layout. Storage reservoirs & distribution network theories. Selection of pipe material for distribution & conveying mains. Scope of thesis work. Tonk city profile & existing situation-data collection. 3. Comprehensive water supply system design for the city. Population projection for the ultimate year & demandforecast. Gap study analysis between present & future demand. Issues & challenges in water supply system in the city. future strategies & adequacy. Way forward. Analysis of non revenue water. 4. Overview of WSS. A water supply system or water supply network is a systemof engineering hydraulic & hydraulic components which provide cleaned & aesthetic quality supply of water to the human beings. A set of hydraulic pumps, storage reservoirs, filtrationunit, pumping stations & elevated reservoirs including distribution network pipelines & consumer metering. Descriptionalsoincludes-waterqualitystandards, availability of water sources, appropriate flow rate, pressure are needed for effective use. 5. System components &description Sources of water-surface & ground water Catchment-water supply & quality land use. Pumping or gravity system withdrawing water from source. Water treatment plant. Storage reservoirs ( CWR & ESR) Distribution network. User-general public potable. 6. Water treatment process & flow layout Treated methods- Flocculation/coagulation methods Filtration-to remove clay, silts, natural OM, Fe & Mg. Ion exchange-to remove excess fluoride, Ar, nitrates, hardwater treatment. Disinfection(chlorination/ ozonation) Absorption through activated carbon removing organiccontaminants, unwanted coloring, taste & odour. 7. Flow chart 8. Storage reservoirs & DN theories Objective-To store the clear treated water & to givedesired pressure in the distribution line for every consumer. Treated water is pumped to a storage tank, those areelevated( ESR-OHSR , CWR & GSR) ST serves two purposes-I. store water until it is neededwhich reduces the peak demand on the treatment facility .II.ESR creates pressure in the WDN. 9. Distribution network contains water pipelines, fittingvalves, service lines ,metering & fire hydrants. Two types of distribution network are: I . Loop system. II. Branch system- parallel & series. Loop system are more desirable because it provideredundancy due to installed isolation valves , these valves creates flow more than one direction, if leak occurs no need to shut down entire system. Whereas in branch if leak occurs entire system mustbe shutdown to repair a leak. 10. For DN gravity system is more reliable & pumping systemis provided for reliability. Selection of pipe material-It depends on the topographicalland use pattern & feasibility of the system. CPHEO & EPA guidelines decide the size standard, material of the pipes. Pipe materials-ductile iron, plastics (HDPE/PVC) Reinforced concrete, steel, Cast Iron or asbestos cement. SDR-standard dimensions ratio is used it is the ratio ofpipe diameter to pipe wall thickness. Pipe strength depends on thesize, thickness, load, trench, depth & pressure. 11. Joints & valves are used in the DN . I.Types of joints- CompressionII.Mechanical.III.Flanged.IV.Solvent & soldered.Types of valves used-I.Gate/ butterfly/swing.II.Check valves( permit water flow in one direction only)III.Automatic valves.IV.Pressure reducing valves & solenoid.V.Altitude valves ( control flow into &out of a storage tank)VI.Solenoid pilot valves ( electric current) 12. Evaluating criteria Supply + storage must meet current daily demand. Intake capacity must be designed large enough to handledemand. It must be reliable . Pumping capacity should be reliable . Design life of pumping network -40 to 50 years. Large mains size-12 sub mains size-6 or 8 Typical distribution pressure-65-75psi, designed for 150 psi pressure can cause leak &damage to the system. Consumer-for residential minimum pressure should be40psi.pressure reducing valve are used for this purpose. 13. For industrial & commercial consumers more pressure isrequired ,so for that purpose maximum DP should be 80psi. Pumps can be used to increase pressure. Adequate supply of pure drinkable water with uniformpressure & flow rate are main objective. Drinkable water should be appetizing &tempting, colorless, clear, cold, odorless & perfectly fresh with regards to taste. Design for