NANO TECHNOLOGY

Presented By – Mast. Chetan Jaganure Mast. Mithilesh Bhat. Institute – Bapuji Salunkhe Institute of Engineering and Technology.

Department of Mechanical Engineering

National level paper presentation - 2015

What is

Nanotechnology

• Study of manipulating matter on an nano scale.

• Nanotechnology refers to the constructing and engineering of the functional systems at very nano level or we can say at atomic level rather even small than that.

Definition

History

• Concept was presented in 1959 by the famous professor of physics Dr.Richard P.Feynman.

• Invention of the scanning tunneling

microscope in 1981 and the discovery of fullerene(C60) in 1985 lead to the emergence of nanotechnology.

 

• The term “Nano-technology" had been coined by Norio Taniguchi in 1974.

How Small Is Nanoscale?A nanometer is…

one billionth of a meter

DNA Sample: Approx. 2 nm Human Hair: Approx. 1x105 nm

Understanding Nanoscale

WHY Micro to Nano ?

• Things at atomic level or even at smaller level do not follow classical mechanics so quantum mechanics theory evolved.

• For future technology properties such as compactness, high strength to weight ratio, light in weight, etc. were required which were fulfilled by nano materials.

Who Cares About Nanotechnology ?

We All Should Care!

– Because it can bring revolution in the current industrialization and manufacturing processes.

Tools & Technology

• There are several important modern developments. – The atomic force microscope (AFM).

– The Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM) are scanning probes that launched nanotechnology.

• Zinc oxide:– Dirt repellent, hydrophobic (fabrics)

• Silver ion:– Healing property (ointments, )

• Aluminum silicate:– Scratch resistance (Paint, ceramic,paper)

• Gold ion:– Chip fabrication, drug delivery.

Advantages

Industrial

MedicalMaterial

With NT, we can create unique

materials and products which

are -

Stronger

Lighter

Cheaper

Durable

Precise

Computers can become a billion times faster and a million times smaller

Automatic Pollution Cleanup

Manufacturing at almost no cost

End of Illnesses (i.e. cancer, heart disease)

Universal Immunity (i.e. aids, flu)

Body Sculpting (i.e. change your

appearance)

Disadvantages

– Loss of jobs (in manufacturing, farming, etc)

– Carbon Nanotubes could cause infection of lungs

– Atomic weapons could be more accessible and destructive

– Sight of human (chemical warfare)

– Presently, nanotechnology is very expensive and developing it can cost you a lot of money

Application Everyday applications –

• Nanoscale additives for baseball bats, tennis rackets, motorcycle helmets, automobile bumpers lightweight, stiff, durable, and resilient.

• Cosmetic products (creams and lotions) cleansing; absorption; antioxidant, anti-microbial

• Nanocomposites in food container carbon dioxide leakage out of carbonated beverages,

• Growth of bacteria food fresher and safer, longer

Electronics

Nano Transistors (Si replaced by CNT) Nano Diodes

OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) Quantum Computers

Nano computer concept

Nanotechnology in Mobile

Morph, a nanotechnology concept device developed by Nokia Research Center (NRC) and the University of Cambridge (UK).

• super hydrophobic making it extremely dirt repellent.

• charge itself by nanowire grass

• Nanoscale mesh of fibers allows to Bent into any number of conceivable shapes.

EnergyBatteries

Fuel Cells Solar Cells

Medical

Drug Delivery

Artificial Retina

Tissue Regeneration

Fabrics

Addition of nano-sized components to conventional materials to improve performance.

Ex. Some clothing manufacturers are making water and stain repellent clothing using nano-sized whiskers in the fabric that cause water to bead up on the surface.

Water droplet on Lotus leaf

Water droplet on fabric

Possibilities for the future

Possible to manufacture lighter, stronger, and programmable materials that

require less energy to produce than conventional material

and that promise greater fuel efficiency in land transportation, ships, aircraft, and space vehicles.

•The future of nanotechnology could very well include the use of nanorobotics.

•These nanorobots have the potential to take on human tasks as well as tasks that humans could never complete.• Quantum Tunneling

Nanobots because of their replicating behavior can be a big threat.

Any questions?