Name, College, Page Number and Table Number · generalized anxiety disorder, social phobia, and...

Anderson, Audrey, CHP .......................... 3, 1P

Asaro, Erica, COP ................................... 3, 1P

Bagley, Chandra, CAS ............................ 3, 2P

Bender, Christine, COB .......................... 3, 2P

Bohl, Mallory, CHP .................................. 4, 3P

Breckenridge, Jacquelyn, COP ............... 4, 3P

Buist, Theresa, COP ............................... 4, 4P

Burns, Colleen, COP ............................... 5, 4P

Buse, Bridgette, COE .............................. 5, 5P

Campbell, Mitch, COE ............................ 5. 5P

Cornell, Eryn, COB ................................. 6, 13

Cox, Candita, CET .................................. 6, 6

Curpenski, Kristy, COP ........................... 6, 7

Cwiek, Christa, CHP ............................... 6, 7

Daniels, Jenna, CAS ............................... 7, 8

Dassance, Courtney, CHP ...................... 7, 8

Demerath, Amelia, COP ......................... 7, 9

Dennis, Kaitlin, CAS ................................ 8, 9

Derylo, Erika, COB .................................. .8, 10

Doyle, Brendan, CAS .............................. . 8, 10

Dutkiewicz, Abigail, CAS ......................... . 9, WALL/P

Dwyer, Bryan, COB ................................. . 9, 11

Edington, Stefanie, COP ......................... . 9, 11

Ferrera, Valerie, COE .............................. .. 9, 12

Frahm, Michelle, CAS ............................. 10, 12

Gakstatter, Carlie, COP ........................... 10, 13

Giffel, Brianna, COE ................................ 10, 6

Gravelyn, Collette, CHP .......................... 11, 14

Grysen, Stacey, CAS .............................. 11, 14

Hall, Madelyn, CHP ................................. 11, 15

Hammond, Corbin, COB ......................... 12, 15

Hanson, Brooke, CAS/COB .................... 12, 16

Hanson, Melissa, COB ............................ 13, 16

Harris, Megan, COP ................................ 13, 17

Heaton, Paige, CHP ................................ 13, 17

Heiden, Alyssa, COP ............................... 13, 18

Herbin, Shelbye, CAS ............................. 14, 18

Koepel, Amber, COP ............................... 14, 19

2013 Honors Program Graduates Name, College, Page Number and Table Number

2013 Honors Program Graduates Name, College, Page Number and Table Number

Krebs, Amanda, COB .............................. 14, 19

Kuk, Megan, CAS .................................... 15, 20

Larson, Carolyn, COP ............................. 15, 20

Markell, Marie, COP ................................ 15, 21

Matelske, Alyssa, CHP ............................ 16, 21

McCarthy, Kelly, CHP .............................. 16, 22

Milbourne, Kaitlyn, COB .......................... 16, 22

Millard, Scott, CHP .................................. 16, 23

Monitz, Jessica, COP .............................. 17, 23

Murphy, Anne, CHP ................................ 17, 24

Neetz, Robert, COP ................................ 17, 24

Nelson, Claire, CHP ................................ 17, 25

Noeldner, Khrystyne, CAS ...................... 18, 25

Norey, Jackie, COB ................................. 18, 26

Pace, Jenna, COE ................................... 18, 26

Parker, Caren, COP ................................ 19, 27

Parks, Courtney, CET ............................. 19, 27

Patterson, Bethany, CET ......................... 19, 28

Pinner, Lauren, COB ............................... 19, 28

Riley, Lucas, CAS ................................... 20, 29

Ross, Bailey, CAS ................................... 20, 29

Schmidt, Julie, COP ................................ 20, 30

Schmuckal, Kelsey, CHP ........................ 21, 30

Schultz, Heather, COP ............................ 21, 31

Serra, Courtney, COP ............................. 21, 31

Smith, Ashley, COP ................................ 21, 32

Stiefel, Kristen, COB ............................... 22, 32

Sukta, Josie, CHP ................................... 22, 33

Szucs, Rachel, CHP ............................... 22, 33

Travis, Larissa, CHP ............................... 23, 34

Vanderhoof, Lauryne, CAS ..................... 23, 34

VanderHorst, Derek, COP ...................... 23, 35

Willemstein, Megan, COP ....................... 24, 35

Wolf, Lauren, COP .................................. 24, 36

Wyman, Katherine, COP ......................... 24, 36

Yerke, Linzy, COB................................... 24, 37

Zuck, Kacie, COB.................................... 25, 37

Audrey Anderson,

College of Health Professions, BS in Health Care Systems Administration

“The Bottle vs. the Breast: Do What’s Best”

This presentation considered the benefits of breastfeeding versus bottle feeding, as someday many

people will be involved in the care of an infant. The project will examine how breastfeeding has many

advantages, and while there are benefits to bottle feeding, I hope to convince the reader that

breastfeeding is the best option. Since breastfeeding can be a difficult task for some mothers, the

project will also include tips on ways to make it easier. Research will be conducted primarily using

scholarly journals.

Erica Asaro,

College of Pharmacy, PharmD

“Should NyQuil be Available as an Over-the-counter Product?”

This research project examines the safety, efficacy, abuse potential, patient convenience, and overall

healthcare outcome of NyQuil, a commonly used over-the-counter cough and cold remedy, to

determine if it should be so easily accessible to the general public. The results suggest NyQuil is safe

and effective when used as directed and total acetaminophen intake is monitored. The results also

suggest that over-the-counter cough and cold symptom relief is convenient to the patient and helps to

decrease healthcare costs; however NyQuil is easily abused and can lead to excessive acetaminophen

intake in unaware patients, causing liver damage. The project concludes that NyQuil should be sold

behind-the-counter to ensure safe use and maintain patient convenience and low healthcare burden.

Chandra Bagley,

College of Arts and Sciences, BS in Forensic Biology

“What is the Fastest Way to Solve a Crime?”

This project examined the research question, “What is the fastest way to solve a crime?” This research

question stems from the different types of techniques that are utilized in the field of forensic biology in

DNA analysis. The presentation contains a side by side comparison of the older techniques of DNA

analysis within the laboratory setting to the new methods of onsite field DNA analysis. The

comparison includes information that encompasses the need for faster processing of DNA in the field

and explains why doing this quickly is crucial. The results of the comparison show that although the

onsite DNA analysis is more expensive due to the special equipment that it requires, it proves that it is

more effective in catching a perpetrator because of the speed involved.

Christine Bender,

College of Business, BS in Public Relations

“Why is Iceland Changing Its Name?”

This project examined why Icelanders decided to change the name of their country, how they were

going about it, and what benefits would come from the change. Iceland’s current name leaves the

perception for those unfamiliar with the country that it is a cold and bitter destination. However,

Iceland is actually a beautiful country that is not covered in ice and has high potential to be a top

destination for international travelers. By changing their name, Icelanders are trying to better position

themselves with their target audience, tourists. The contest for a new name was launched in the

summer of 2012 and ended March 21 of this year. After that date the economic development group

which runs “Promote Iceland” will review the entries and choose a new name.

3

Mallory Bohl,

College of Health Professions, BSN in Nursing

“The Nurse and Diabetes Mellitus”

This project was designed to discover the role a nurse will play in caring for a patient diagnosed

with diabetes mellitus through research and clinical experience. An initial introduction is provided

regarding the necessary details behind diabetes mellitus; then, the five-step cyclical nursing process

is used to demonstrate the role of the nurse from the beginning to end of patient care. Finally, the

role of the nurse in patient education and health promotion is emphasized. In conclusion, this

project displays the diverse and unique approach the nurse must take in providing care for a patient

with diabetes mellitus.

Jacquelyn Breckenridge,


“A Comparison of Transdermal Dosage Forms: Gel vs Patch”

This project compared two different dosage forms of a testosterone product, Androgel and

Androderm, with the same active ingredient. The two products were compared against one another

in many ways such as release mechanism, ingredients, advantages, side effects, etc. Different drug

databases, Drug Facts and Comparisons and Micromedex, along with the package insert for each

drug were used to gather information. After comparing the drugs against one another it is clear that

both Androgel and Androderm have their own advantages and disadvantages; neither product is

superior.

Theresa Buist,


“A New ‘Topical’ Formulation of an Old Drug”

Aspirin (acetyl salicylic acid) is a very well-known over-the-counter medication and has been

around since 1853. Many scientists and other health care professionals agree that if aspirin was a

drug being newly formulated, today’s FDA would likely approve it as a prescription-only

medication. Since it has been around for so long, and is so commonly used, most people see aspirin

and other salicylates as very safe when in fact, they are associated with a few serious adverse events.

This project explored a newer use of 5-aminosalicylic acid, also known as mesalamine. One

formulation, Asacol EC, is a tablet that you swallow, but it does not release the medication inside

until it reaches the colon due to its acrylic-based resin coating. Therefore, it is used to treat

ulcerative colitis "locally" and all adverse effects of using salicylates systemically can be avoided.

The mesalamine acts in an identical way to aspirin; both inhibit cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes

which are found in most all tissues. The main difference between traditional formulations of

salicylates like aspirin and “topical” formulations like Asacol EC is that one is being used locally.

The newer formulation only treats the tissues in the colon which have the most inflammation. This

project will thoroughly compare and contrast the advantages and disadvantages of these two very

different formulations of an old, well known drug.

4

Colleen Burns,


“The Use of SSRIs in the Treatment of Childhood Anxiety Disorders”

Because SSRIs (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors) are a proven and effective treatment option

for adult anxiety disorders, many wonder if they show the same efficacy and safety for children

suffering from the same disorders. While the FDA has not approved this class of drugs for use in the

pediatric population, this class of drugs may lessen symptoms of anxiety disorders in ways that

therapy is unable to achieve. In order to examine the true efficacy and safety of SSRIs for juvenile

anxiety disorders, this review studied the results of four SSRIs (paroxetine, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine,

and sertraline) in children with either one, two, or three of the following anxiety disorders:

generalized anxiety disorder, social phobia, and separation anxiety. All studies were found on

PubMed database or from the reference sections of certain studies. This review found that based on

the results obtained from each of the drug options, this class of drugs is a safe and effective option

for treating some cases of juvenile GAD, separation anxiety, and social phobia. However, it is

important to note that while each drug was proven to statistically be better than the placebo option,

some SSRIs or even different treatment options are better for some types of children than others. In

order to develop a more concrete answer regarding the safety and efficacy of SSRIs, certain adverse

events must be studied in depth, and each SSRI must be compared to the others in a long term, large

population, double-blind study.

Brigette Buse,

College of Education and Human Services, BS in Secondary Mathematics Education

“A Love-Hate Triangle between Female Students, Education and Mathematics”

Everyone can remember back to those awkward middle school years and how they felt emotionally,

but what can you remember about academics? Why is it that girls at the middle school level start to

lose interest in the subjects of math and science? When tested at elementary levels girls outperform

boys at verbal, literacy, and computational skills. However, boys continue to outperform girls in

spatial skills, particularly mathematical ability, starting in the fourth grade. Seventy-four percent of

high school girls nationwide have some interest in science, technology, engineering or mathematical

(STEM) fields. Although this percentage may seem high, by the time girls are preparing to enter the

professional world, those who are pursuing STEM careers more frequently choose biological fields

where they make up 40% of the workforce; however, in other STEM areas they make up a lesser

percentage of fields such as mathematics and computer science (33%), physical sciences (22%) and

engineering (9%). Where is the disconnect? This study examined the reasons behind the disconnect,

including STEM test performance, educators’ expectations, and a lack of role models, as well as a

lack of confidence; it also considers what can be done to prevent this loss of interest among young

females.

Mitch Campbell,

College of Education and Human Services, BS in Criminal Justice

“Who Are the Police?”

Generally speaking, the police view the public as the people they are sworn to protect. In turn, the

public should therefore view the police as the people who protect them from harm. Unfortunately,

some people believe that the police do not do a good job of protecting them, and some even believe

the police are only there to ruin the public’s day. This project examined the factors that create the

public’s perception, such as unfavorable contacts with police, the media, and the misconduct of some

police officers. The project also considers ways to improve this relationship, including community

police, the use of proper etiquette, and programs that create links between the police and the public.

5

Eryn Cornell, College of Business, BS in Business Administration

AAS in Legal Studies

“Of the Following States: New York, Florida, Michigan, and California, Which State has the

Most Effective Hazing Statute?”

This project examined the hazing statutes in four states: New York, Florida, Michigan, and

California. To compare the statutes, I looked at the number of serious hazing cases that had resulted

in death since the time the hazing statutes had been put into place in each state. I then compared each

of the statutes to determine their strengths and weaknesses in order to explain the reasons why those

statutes were or were not effective. The results suggest that Michigan has the most effective hazing

statutes because the last known death of a hazing incident occurred in 1999, several years before the

hazing statute was enacted, in comparison to some of the other states that had deaths occur as a result

of hazing as recent as November of 2012.

Candita Cox,

College of Engineering and Technology, BS in Plastics Engineering and Technology

“Can Plastic be a Realistic Material for Aesthetic Art Sculptures Applications? “

The objective of this project was to determine the degree of capability plastic, a very unique type of

material, has when utilized for aesthetic art sculpture applications. This was a collaborative project

involving plastics engineering students, art students, COE Professor Larry Langell, and Professor/

Artist Robert Barnum. The collaborative techniques and designated participation from the start of the

project up to the finish point and conclusion will be presented. In addition, the many characteristics

and factors that define plastic, such as flexibility/stiffness, size, transparency/opaqueness, color, etc.,

and how they could potentially contribute to aesthetic art applications will also be featured. Finally, a

conclusion will be determined regarding whether or not plastic is realistically and effectively a valid

material for aesthetic art sculpture applications.

Kristy Curpenski,


“So Calcium Maybe?”

Calcium is a very important mineral for maintaining proper bone and teeth health. Calcium is not

always obtained in adequate amounts via food intake for many Americans so sometimes

supplementation is necessary. There are many different supplementation options available. Foods are

also an important way of obtaining calcium, but there are more than just dairy products to be

considered. Calcium also should be coupled with Vitamin D for better bone absorption. I will

approach this topic by reviewing journal articles on PubMed for a medical aspect, as well as articles

that are more accessible to the public, to compare and contrast ideas on the importance of calcium

and obtaining it. Misconceptions about milk and other dairy products are included.

Christa Cwiek,

College of Health Professions, BS in Dental Hygiene

College of Arts and Sciences, BS in Psychology

“What are Hormones' Effects on the Female's Oral Cavity?”

This project examined female hormonal effects on the oral cavity, specifically looking at periods

during which hormones change the most during a woman’s lifetime: pregnancy, menstruation and

menopause. Pathologies developed during these phases of life were examined and recommendations

on treatment for related symptoms and advice on how to avoid the negative conditions in the mouth

were noted. Research shows that the majority of women fail to take proper care of their oral cavity

during these times of hormonal imbalances.

6

Jenna Daniels,

College of Arts and Sciences, BS in Biology/Pre-Dentistry

“Is Saccharin Safe?”

Artificial sweeteners are quite popular in the United States, serving as useful tools in weight

management and as alternatives for diabetics. However, there is still much public distrust of these

products. One of the main concerns is that these sweeteners could cause cancer. These qualms are

only somewhat legitimate and have arisen from a variety of factors, such as scientific studies based

upon fallacies, outdated statistical analyses, and mechanisms not relevant to humans. Saccharin, the

original artificial sweetener, is considered to be safe by the FDA. Still, it is has a bad reputation

lingering from previous misconceptions and misinterpretation of information. This project considers

the question, “How do we know that saccharin is safe?” What research proves this? This project

will serve to analyze landmark saccharin studies, covering research that first associated cancer with

saccharin, studies that later challenged this research, and findings that further suggested the benign

nature of saccharin. I found that saccharin became associated with bladder cancer early on, due to

its tendency to cause bladder cancer in lab rats. Later studies showed however, that these results are

not applicable to humans because the mechanisms by which saccharin causes bladder cancer are

species-specific in rats, caused by the high sodium and protein content in rat urine. Epidemiological

studies performed on humans supported the safety of saccharin. Some research even shows it is, in

several ways, more beneficial to one’s health than actual sugar. Overall, this study found saccharin

to be a healthy substitute for sugar.

Courtney Dassance,

College of Health Professions, BS in Allied Health Sciences

AAS in Diagnostic Medical Sonography

“What are the Dangers of Amniocentesis and How Can Those Dangers be Minimized?”

This study examined how ultrasound can reduce the different dangers that can come with

amniocentesis. Amniocentesis is a procedure done to test the amniotic fluid for any diseases within

the DNA. Research was first done to see just how dangerous amniocentesis is in terms of the risks

of miscarriage, infection, and needle injury. This was followed with a consideration of how

ultrasound can be utilized to reduce those dangers. The research showed that ultrasound reduces the

amount of risk by creating a more accurate view of the sac and area around the fetus.

Amelia Demerath,


“Thiazolidinediones: Worth the Risk?”

This project examined the safety and relative efficacies of Avandia (rosiglitazone) and Actos

(pioglitazone) in comparison with other popular diabetes mellitus medications. Research was

conducted using PubMed, Facts and Comparisons, and Micromedex searches and data regarding

adverse events and success rates were collected. The results suggest that thiazolidinediones

frequently lead to serious adverse events and have little advantage over alternative blood glucose

lowering agents. There is also little difference between the two agents when conducting a class

comparison.

7

Kaitlin Dennis,

College of Arts and Sciences, BA in Biology

“Is Fluticasone Propionate an Effective Treatment Option for Eosinophilic Esophagitis?”

Eosinophilic esophagitis (EE) is a previously under recognized disorder characterized by dysphagia,

food bolus impaction, and chest pain, and is occasionally seen in conjunction with asthma and acid

reflux (GERD). EE is marked by an increased amount of eosinophilic infiltration in the esophageal

mucosa. Optimal treatment for EE has not yet been determined, although swallowing an inhaled

corticosteroid has been proposed. Twenty-six patients diagnosed with EE were assessed, biopsied,

and administered an inhaled corticosteroid, fluticasone propionate (FP), for 4 weeks. After this time,

patients were reassessed and evaluated. Results showed that all remaining participants in the study

showed some type of symptom improvement. In conclusion, swallowing fluticasone propionate is

an effective treatment for EE.

Erika Derylo,

College of Business, BS in Advertising and Integrated Marketing Communications

“Advertising Campaign for the Civic Theatre of Grand Rapids”

The Grand Rapids Civic Theatre aims to enhance the cultural life of West Michigan by creating

opportunities for people to enjoy live theatre performances using community artists and by

providing access to a comprehensive theatre arts education program for all ages. The Grand

Rapids Civic Theatre serves nearly 120,000 audience members and over 1,600 students each year.

These services are made possible through the efforts of over 800 volunteers under the direction of a

professional staff and teachers. Each of their nine annual stage productions provides performance

opportunities through open auditions, and technical production support is selected through a

volunteer recruitment process. This project is an advertising campaign which aims to communicate

to high school and college-aged students in the West Michigan area the reasons why they should

attend Civic Theatre productions in an effort to increase audience attendance in these markets.

With a realistic and limited budget, this campaign will utilize traditional, digital, and social media

to communicate with the target audience.

Brendan Doyle,

College of Arts and Sciences, BS in Biology

“What are the Effects of Exercise on Long Term Memory?”

Over the past decade it has been conclusively proven that exercise has positive effects on learning

and long term memory. Exercise activates neurochemicals such as serotonin and dopamine which

aid in focus and attention. Exercise also increases the production of BDNF or Brain Derived

Neurotrophic Factor which aids in the growth of new synapses, the physiological basis of learning.

This project involved an experiment that tested whether different levels of exercise intensity have

differing levels of effectiveness in terms of enhancing learning and memory. The experiment

places participants into four groups based upon the intensity of their workout. The participants will

exercise for 20 minutes; following a 12 minute rest the participants will be read two paragraphs

and will then be asked to repeat the paragraphs verbatim. The participants will be tested again after

a 35 minute wait. The test will be repeated after 24 hours and again after 7 days to determine if the

effects of an acute bout of exercise are long term. The hypothesis is that there will be a positive

correlation between exercise intensity and enhancement of learning and long term memory.

8

Abigail Dutkiewicz,

College of Arts and Sciences, BS in Forensic Biology and Biotechnology

“Developing a Simple DNA Sequencing Protocol for High School and Undergraduate Use”

The combination of personalized DNA sequencing and traditional medicine has been termed

“personalized medicine.” The purpose of this project was to design a DNA sequencing protocol

that could be used by high school or undergraduate students to explore the basics of personalized

medicine. The gene used as the focus for this project was ACTN3, which is responsible for

producing alpha-actinin-3, an actin-binding protein of fast-twitch skeletal muscle myofibers. In

humans, homozygosity for a rare single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in this gene is very rare.

Heterozygosity for the SNP was discovered at an unusually high proportion in sprint athletes,

indicating a possible correlation between one's genotype for this SNP and one's athletic ability.

Through the utilization of modern biotechnology processes such as polymerase chain reaction

(PCR) and capillary sequencing, human subjects' DNA was successfully genotyped at this SNP

and compared to their athletic phenotypes.

Bryan Dwyer,

College of Business, BS in Professional Golf Management

“The Deadliest Text”

Texting while driving is becoming an all too common statistic in today’s fast paced, social media

driven society. Trying to stay in touch with friends or catching up on the latest trending tweet or

post is taking the place of paying attention behind the wheel. This project examined the statistics of

texting and driving in terms of accidents, reaction time, and a comparison to drinking and driving.

The project also considers what steps can be taken to decrease this number in order to ensure that

everyone is safe on the road.

Stefanie Edington,


“Remeron SolTab”

Mirtazapine (Remeron) is clinically proven to be effective in the treatment of Major Depressive

Disorder. However, as with many psychotropic medications that treat psychiatric disorders, patient

compliance is both incredibly important to treatment outcomes and incredibly difficult to maintain

over time. By creating an orally-disintegrating tablet version of mirtazapine’s original formulation

(Remeron Soltab), many factors that play into decreased patient compliance in treatment of

psychiatric conditions can be avoided or downplayed. Factors in patient noncompliance that are

reduced by changes in mirtazapine’s delivery system include swiftness of symptom relief, ease of

use, convenience, pleasantness, and discreetness of administration.

Valerie Ferrera,

College of Education and Human Services, BS in Criminal Justice

“Glock v. Sig – A Comparison of the G17 and the P226 as Duty Weapons” This project was a comparison of the Glock 17 and the Sig P226 for the purpose of deciding which

serves as a better duty weapon for law enforcement officers. The comparison was based on a side-

by-side look at the two full-sized pistols; professional opinions from experienced law enforcement

officers and instructors; and personal opinions from young officers and gun enthusiasts. The

results showed a more widespread use of the Glock largely based on the simplicity of the design.

9

Michelle Frahm,

College of Arts and Sciences, BS in Applied Math/Actuarial Science

“Why is Professional Networking Important to College Students and Graduates?”

The purpose of this project is to determine why college students and graduates need to utilize

networking, but also to consider the successful ways one can go about networking to obtain an

internship or job. Through the questioning of employers who hire people with college degrees and by

interviewing college students and graduates, I was able to gather information based on their

experiences. The employers who were interviewed suggested that it is important to network

consistently, even if it does not seem that a job could come from it. Both the students and employers

stated that efforts made on social media can draw attention to a candidate looking for a position (both

negatively and positively).

Carlie Gakstatter,


“What is the Comparative Safety and Efficacy of the Various Agents Used to Treat Recurrent

Ovarian Cancer?”

Ovarian cancer has the highest mortality rate of all gynecologic cancers. First-line treatment for

patients with ovarian cancer is a platinum-based chemotherapy regimen. Despite its effectiveness,

recurrence is largely expected. There are a variety of treatment options available for patients with

recurrent ovarian cancer. The goal of this project was to compare the relative safety and efficacy of

the different therapies that may be used by examining medication package inserts, journal articles,

and recent studies that have been published. The information extracted for comparison included the

common and severe adverse events (side-effects) experienced by patients and the overall response

rates to the treatments, which encompassed both partial and complete responses. It was found that

treatment efficacy largely depends on whether a patient is classified as platinum-sensitive or

platinum-resistant, with another bout of platinum-based therapy for platinum-sensitive patients being

the most effective and treatment with a combination of bevacizumab and nab-paclitaxel being the

most effective for platinum-resistant patients (only based off the results of one study, warranting the

necessity of further studies of the use of this combination). It was also found that the different

medications vary widely in terms of their toxicity profiles, making it difficult to draw a direct

comparison of their safety.

Brianna Giffel,

College of Education and Human Services, BS in Elementary Education

“Using iPads in the Classroom”

With the recent boom in technology over the past few years, many classrooms are struggling to keep

up with the growing demands. One recent endeavor in the education world has been the introduction

of iPads. The use of iPads in school classrooms has become an important topic of debate amongst

professionals in the field. This project was designed to explore the effectiveness of using such

technology in elementary school classrooms; the study concludes that using iPads has led to some

impressive advances in student learning and teacher effectiveness.

10

Collette Gravelyn,

College of Health Professions, BS in Molecular Diagnostics

“Can Fetal Sex Determination be Harmful to Society?”

Within the past ten years, a clinical test has been developed that only requires a drop of blood

which can determine a fetus’s sex as early as seven weeks into the pregnancy. This project aims to

reveal the consequences this test may create for society in the United States. This test can prompt

abortion for the purpose of sex preference. Though sex preference is not often associated with the

United States, its presence can still manifest harmful results. Besides the moral issue of abortion

for impractical reasons, an imbalance in the sex ratio can have drastic consequences on society.

Stacey Grysen,

College of Arts and Sciences, BS in Biology

“Is Phacoemulsification a Viable Surgical Treatment Option for Patients with Primary Angle

-closure Glaucoma?”

Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness worldwide. There are different forms of

glaucoma, but one less common form is primary angle closure (PAC). In people with PAC, the iris

is pushed forward, closing off the drainage angle and making it more difficult for the aqueous

humor to escape into the trabecular meshwork. As a result, the intraocular pressure (IOP) in the

eye will rise. Another disease of the eye is called cataract, which occurs when there is

opacification of the lens of the eye causing it to increase in weight and size. Cataracts can be

removed with a surgical procedure called phacoemulcification (PC) with intraocular lens implant

(IOL). In this surgery, the lens is emulsified and suctioned up and a new lens implant is inserted in

its place. It has been reported that PC/IOL surgery has decreased intraocular pressure in patients

and also increased the drainage angle. Also, it has been shown that the lens of the eye increases in

weight and width as age increases by 30% and 20% respectively. It is hypothesized that the

increase in size of the lens pushes the iris forward and causes the drainage angle to decrease, thus

increasing IOP and therefore the risk of and symptoms of PAC. Because of these two facts, the

goal of this study was to observe the effects of PC/IOL surgery on patients with and without PAC

by measuring IOP and central anterior chamber depth (ACD) before and after surgery. 361 patients

were observed and operated upon. Based upon the data collected, PC/IOL surgery was successful

for decreasing IOP in patients with and without PAC and also in increasing ACD. More large-

scale studies need to be completed, but this study lays a foundation for promising new surgical

methods for treatment of PAC glaucoma.

Madelyn Hall,


“Preventing Defects through a Newborn Assessment”

A newborn assessment plays a critical part in an infant’s life. A thorough newborn assessment

looks at the baby as a whole; as well as each body part and crucial area in a human body, such as

the heart and lungs. Through proper techniques, a nurse can detect an abnormality or defect through

this assessment. Such diseases include: jaundice, Tetraology of Fallot, phenylketonuria (PKU), and

meconium aspiration syndrome. Jaundice, detected through assessment of the skin, appears as a

yellowish hue on the skin but can also make the sclera of the eye appear yellow. Tetraology of

Fallot is a disease of the heart. It can be found through auscultation or through listening to the

11

Madelyn Hall,

Continued…...

heart and hearing a heart murmur. The newborn may also appear cyanotic or have a bluish

appearance to the skin, have shortness of breath, and a prolonged cry. PKU is the newborn’s inability

to properly break down an amino acid called phenylalanine. Without determining PKU, a newborn is

at risk of developing brain injury and injury to the central nervous system. PKU is tested in the

hospital through a prick in the baby’s heel to test their blood. Lastly, meconium aspiration syndrome

is a condition in which the newborn aspirates or breathes in a mix of meconium and amniotic fluid

into the lungs around the time of delivery. This syndrome can be found upon listening to the lungs

and hearing crackles in the lungs. Early detection allows for prevention of pneumonia and intubation

of the baby. With the use of newborn assessments, these diseases and others can be prevented,

allowing for a healthier and longer life for a newborn.

Corbin Hammond,

College of Business, BS in Accountancy/Finance

“The Differences between GAAP and IFRS”

This project looked at some of the more important differences between International Financial

Reporting Standards (IFRS) and Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP). This is a very

important subject in the field of accounting at this point because the Financial Accounting Standards

Board (FASB) and International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) are currently attempting to

create a convergence between the two. The problem is that the principles used by the United States

(GAAP) differ from the principles used by other countries (IFRS). In the past, this caused few

problems, but as many companies are now operating in multiple countries, it has become a major

issue. There are many differences between the two that are hindering the convergence from taking

place. This study showcases some of the greatest differences between the two sets of principles. The

difference between GAAP and IFRS has become so important that it is now tested on the CPA exam

and people might be interested to see what is changing in the world of accounting besides tax laws.

Brooke Hanson,

College of Arts and Sciences, BS in Applied Math/Actuarial Science

College of Business, BS in Business Administration

"Can Mathematics be a Better Predictor of Performance than Scouting in the Sport of

Baseball?" This project examined the use of mathematics for scouting in the sport of baseball. It is a common

misconception that math is not useful outside of classrooms and research settings. The results of this

project, however, illustrates that mathematics is actually an effective predictor of success in baseball.

Mathematics can be used to predict the success of individual players as well as entire teams. It shows

that we should not underestimate the use and importance of math in everyday life.

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Melissa Hanson,

College of Business, BS in Accountancy/Finance

"Visible Metrics"

This project examined the use of visible metrics in business. Visible metrics are items like graphs,

tables, and trackers that help identify progress on a project. This is a very useful tool in business

for assessment and tracking. The problem that visible metrics solves is, "How can we track our

progress?" This problem is solved by creating trackers that are shared documents. Employees are

responsible for updating their individual progress in the shared documents. These visible metrics

can be posted around the office to give people an idea of how far ahead or behind the department is

with tasks, and it is a tool for managers to use to accomplish tasks and goals in a timely and

efficient way.

Megan Harris,


“Does Vitamin D have a Role in Preventing Cancer?”

This project considered Vitamin D’s efficacy in preventing cancer by reviewing available scientific

studies. The earlier studies used observational data to show that populations living in sunny

climates had lower rates of Vitamin D deficiency as well as lower rates of colorectal, breast,

prostate, and pancreatic cancers when compared to populations in colder, less sunny climates. In

later studies, the active metabolite of Vitamin D, 1-25-dihydroxycholecalciferol, was proven to

suppress cancer cell growth in large doses. However, the potentially fatal side effects of

hypercalcemia and hypercalciuria limited the clinical use of this compound. Therefore, several

thousand Vitamin D analogs were synthesized with the hope of decreasing side effects while

improving efficacy. No analogs have shown clinical usefulness yet, but studies are still continuing.

Paige Heaton,

College of Health Professions, BS in Medical Laboratory Science

“Is In-home HIV Testing Safe and Beneficial?”

After seven years of pending FDA approval, in-home HIV test kits were released for consumer

purchase in October 2012. While many praise this new technology, some are skeptical that its

positive effects will outweigh the negative. To delve deeper into this subject, I researched the

effects medical professionals predict the test will have and assessed the statistical parameters of the

test method. The findings from this project suggest that in-home HIV testing may be more

detrimental than helpful for consumers, especially those who do not have professional experience

in the medical field.

Alyssa Heiden,


“How Different Can the Same Drug Be? A Comparison between Doxil and Myocet”

The objective of this project was to examine the differences and similarities between Doxil, the

pegylated and liposomal dosage form of doxorubicin and Myocet, the non-pegylated and liposomal

dosage form of doxorubicin. Doxorubicin is an anthracycline antibiotic used to treat various types

of cancer, including hematological malignancies and different types of carcinomas. Due to severe

side effects and the need to treat additional types of cancer, formulations including Doxil and

Myocet were created. In order to complete this project, a PubMed database search was conducted

to find studies comparing Doxil to Myocet. Comparative studies and reviews on humans were used

to gain insight into the two drugs considered. The Drug Facts and Comparisons site was also

13

14

Alyssa Heiden,

Continued……..

utilized to gain background information on the two formulations, as well as create the basis for

comparison between them. The research suggests that Doxil and Myocet, while containing the same

medication but found in different dosage forms, are very dissimilar in their use, dosing, side effect

profile, and pharmacokinetics. While Doxil is available currently for treatment in the United States,

Myocet is only available in Europe and Canada but is undergoing a Phase III trial for approval in

the U.S.

Shelbye Herbin,

College of Arts and Science, BS in Biology/Pre-Medicine

“Is a Vegetarian Lifestyle Healthier than an Omnivore Lifestyle?”

This project examines whether it is healthier to be a vegetarian or an omnivore. Being a vegetarian,

I recorded everything that I ate for one month. I then asked my roommate, an omnivore, to docu-

ment everything that she ate for the same month. I took the portion size of each item and deter-

mined how much of each vitamin and amino acid it contained. I then compared the average

amount of every nutrient that we ate each day with the average amount that women of our size and

age should consume. According to my research, I should be deficient in amino acids, while my

roommate will consume the proper amount. However, as a vegetarian I should consume a greater

amount of vitamins overall.

Amber Koepel,


“Should Elderly Patients Use Zolpidem (Ambien) or Diphenhydramine to Treat Insomnia?”

Sleep is very important for daily functioning and those who suffer from insomnia often do not get

enough sleep. This project reviewed clinical trials of prescription-available Zolpidem (Ambien)

and over-the-counter Diphenhydramine to assess which is safer and more effective for elderly pa-

tients. The results show that both medications are effective. Trials reported decreased sleep laten-

cy, decreased number of awakenings, increased duration of sleep time, and decreased time of awak-

enings. The results also show that Diphenhydramine has more side-effects that could be harmful to

elderly patients. Trials reported that both medications had the following adverse effects: head-

aches, malaise, drowsiness, somnolence, and dizziness. In addition, Diphenhydramine trials report-

ed decreased cognitive function, increased risk of delirium, and the possibility of a next day hango-

ver effect. This suggests that Zolpidem (Ambien) may be a safer option for elderly patients.

Amanda Krebs,

College of Business, BS in Music Industry Management

“Social Media and Music: How the Social Media Presence of an Artist Can Affect Record

Sales.”

As social media grows and develops in this new media age, those in the music industry are asking

the question, “How does the use of social media affect me as an artist?” This project seeks to an-

swer this question by analyzing record sales over the last five years in accordance with the develop-

ment of social media among top artists with an online following and top artists without an online

following. Research indicated that there is definitely a correlation between these two factors, and

not having an online presence as an artist can negatively affect record sales.

Megan Kuk,

College of Arts and Sciences, BA in Mathematics

“Affective Learning in the Field of Mathematics through Immediacy Strategies of the

Instructor”

Envision yourself as a student; when you leave the classroom, what do you recall? Did you

understand the concepts presented? Could the instructor have taken a different approach to the

lecture? Think about the material that you know and recall if it was presented in any specific way.

Considering the subject of mathematics in particular, in retrospection of the presented image, a

question arises, “Is affective learning of mathematics directly related to the use of immediacy

strategies by the educator?” Existing research related to the stated question has been centered on

the concept of immediacy within education. The question itself is asked in efforts to improve the

outlook of math education in a higher learning environment, and it is hopeful that the affective

learning outcomes of students may benefit by the change and improvement of instruction styles.

The Communication Accommodation Theory of Howard Giles addresses the extent to which

communicators adjust what they say as well as how they say it in accordance to accommodation

within the relationship of the parties involved. In efforts to address the aforementioned research

question, the Communication Accommodation Theory of Giles could present influential insight

into the results of implemented immediacy and its contribution to affective learning in the subject

of mathematics.

Carolyn Larson,


"L-carnitine Combination Therapies: How Effective Are They in Limiting Resistance to

Insulin?"

This presentation investigated the effectiveness of L-carnitine combination therapies on insulin

resistance symptoms seen in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Type 2 diabetes is entirely preventable, and

many medical interventions are used to improve the symptoms and to salvage the function of the

pancreas as much as possible. L-carnitine is a complex that allows fatty acyl chains to be brought

into cells via the carnitine transporter to be broken down. L-carnitine is falsely thought by many to

increase fat burning, but actually the amount of L-carnitine does not make a difference because

regardless of the amount of fat entering a cell, enzymes still work at a maximum level that cannot

be overloaded to increase output. However, L-carnitine is also necessary for the efflux of acyl

groups out of the mitochondria and has shown evidence to protect the endothelium of the vessel

walls. Since intracellular accumulation of acyl-CoA derivatives has been a possible cause of

insulin resistance, L-carnitine supplementation may be able to treat this aspect. The most effective

therapies have combined the use of L-carnitine supplements with procedures such as

Haemodialysis and combination therapy with Orlistat and Sibutramine.

Marie Markell,


“PRADAXA: Is This New Blood Thinner Better Than Warfarin?”

This project examined the safety and efficacies of a newer anticoagulant, Pradaxa (dabigatran), and

warfarin (the former leading anticoagulant on the market) in the treatment of stroke prevention in

atrial fibrillation patients. Research was conducted using PubMed, Facts and Comparisons, and

Micromedex. Adverse drug events and outcome data were then collected from these sources. When

compared to people treated with warfarin, patients taking dabigatran demonstrated a greater

reduction in ischemic stroke but demonstrated comparable adverse drug reactions to warfarin.

Results showed that the lack of an available reversal agent for the anticoagulant effects of

dabigatran were an important limitation of its use.

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Alyssa Matelske,


“Are Cancer-associated Genes Similar between Cancer Types?”

How similar are cancer-associated genes between cancer types? This project utilized

bioinformatics tools to identify molecular-level differences between normal human tissue and

cancerous tissue, then compared the results between different cancerous tissues. Genes that are

highly cancer-associated are usually indicated by over expression. Gene expression is the coding

function that the genes have to produce a product and it can be measured. Using a SAGE Digital

Gene Expression Displayer, different library pools were compared. Side-by-side charts that

indicated which genes were over expressed between different types of cancerous tissues were

examined. Four different comparisons were made and the expectation is that most cancer-

associated genes are specific for their tissue type; however there are some genes that are found in

multiple cancer tissues.

Kelly McCarthy,


“How Does Lateral Violence Affect Nurses and Patient Care?”

Lateral violence between nurses has been a subject of ongoing concern for many years. Its

enduring impact is reflected throughout a variety of articles and statements in nursing journals.

Due to the heightened awareness of workplace violence and harassment, as well as the recent

shortage of nurses, many professionals are looking for solutions to the conflict of lateral violence.

Not only are nursing and healthcare professionals discovering the harmful effects of the bullying,

but researchers are learning how to end the vicious cycle. Within this project an examination of

the lateral violence that is occurring, how it is impacting nurses, and how it influences the health

care environment and patient care will aid in and support the establishment and creation of a

program that ceases the acts and overall increases the well being of nurses and their patients.

Kaitlyn Milbourne,

College of Business, BS in Advertising and Integrated Marketing Communications

“How to Market a Non-profit Organization to College Students.”

Non-profit organizations create a unique challenge when it comes to marketing as many have

limited budgets and little experience with marketing, and their volunteers’ time is limited. These

challenges increase when you consider the target market being college students who are generally

very busy, have limited funds for donations, and are exposed to numerous marketing messages

each day. In order to explore successful ways to gain college students’ attention, this project

involved the promotion of the CROP Hunger Walk, a community event raising money for hunger

-related causes.

Scott Millard,

College of Health Professions, BS in Health Care Systems Administration

“The Affordable Care Act and the Work Place”

Beginning in 2014, the Affordable Care Act, also known as ‘Obamacare’, will become active.

Large employers who have fifty or more employees and may or may not offer health insurance,

may be subject to an annual penalty tax depending on certain criteria. This presentation breaks

down the requirements that employers must complete in order to avoid the penalty tax and also

discusses how to determine how much the penalty will be. This presentation will also compare

the average American family income to the average cost of health insurance; this will then be

compared with the tax penalty for those who do not have insurance to determine which is more

affordable.

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Jessica Monitz,


“Could HIV be the Cure for Cancer?”

This project focuses on the research of the University of Pennsylvania's chimeric antigen receptor

team. Its purpose is to inform and teach the significance of viral technology as treatments for

diseases such as blood cancers. Chimeric antigen receptor technology has been around for a few

years, but the breakthrough that the Pennsylvania team had was using the HIV virus as the carrier

of genetic material into the body. By using HIV to "infect" the T cells with cancer fighting genes, it

allows the body's own immune system to more effectively fight the cancer and create immunity to

any cells that may generate in the future. The future of this technology could be huge; not only

fighting blood cancers, but tumors and autoimmune disorders as well.

Anne Murphy,


“What Are the Consequences of Gene Patenting?”

Currently in the United States, it is legal for scientists to claim a patent on a human gene, allowing

them to exclude other laboratories from performing tests or conducting research on that gene.

Mutations in numerous genes have been shown to correlate with higher risk for certain diseases,

making them ideal targets for disease research pertaining to personalized medicine. This project

analyzed the many implications of gene patenting in the medical field and considered how this

potentially translates to the prevention of medical progress in the area of research on the human

genome. The project also explored other possible consequences of laboratories claiming rights to

genes and gene testing. After consulting numerous medically-based studies and articles and taking

my own personal stance on the subject, I concluded that while patents may initially spur

innovation, they can halt progress once the patent is granted and hinder patient access to necessary

genetic tests.

Robert Neetz,


“Nitric Oxide Supplements: Do They Really Work?”

Nitric oxide boosting pre-workout supplements claim to increase nitric oxide (NO) levels, thereby

improving physical workouts. Four studies were analyzed using PubMed. All four measured NO

levels before and after supplementation with an L-arginine pre-workout supplement or placebo.

Three of the four also measured performance through various performance tests comparing

supplemented patients and placebo control groups. None of the studies demonstrated an increase in

NO levels after administration of placebo or L-arginine containing supplements. Two of the

performance studies showed no increase in strength or performance; however, one of the studies

indicated an increase in performance level. Although the manufacturers try to claim there is an

increase in NO levels, these studies disagree.

Claire Nelson,


“One Man’s Junk (DNA) is Another Man’s Treasure”

This project explored the recent discovery of the importance in what is often referred to as “junk”

DNA. The majority of the human genome consists of this “junk” DNA, which does not code for

genes. Within the last year, researchers have found that these non-encoding regions could

potentially be more significant than previously imagined. There are several potential uses for

sequenced “junk” DNA, including treatment of differing diseases or diagnoses of cancers. There is

some controversy surrounding this recent breakthrough, which will be addressed as well.

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Khrystyne Noeldner,

College of Arts and Sciences, BA in Biology

“What Impact Will Social Media Have on Pharmacy Students’ Futures?”

This project examined pharmacy students’ use of social media and their response to privacy and e

-professionalism. Research groups attempted to locate pharmacy students’ profiles on social

media sites in order to ascertain if students were aware of privacy settings and were given a

questionnaire to collect responses about e-professionalism and accountability. It was found that

male students were more likely to oppose accountability for information that was posted online

than female students. Results have determined that some form of e-professionalism training is

necessary for incoming students due to attitudes about accountability for information that was

supplied on social media networking sites.

Jackie Norey,

College of Business, BS in Accounting

“Organic Food: Is it Truly Better?” Over the last 20 years, buying organic food has become increasingly more important to a huge

portion of the American population. According to the Organic Trade Association, the number of

people buying organic food has been steadily increasing since 1996. There are several claims as

to why buying organic food is superior to buying less expensive, non-organic alternatives. At the

forefront of these reasons lie the alleged health benefits, including better nutritional benefits and

a lack of chemical pesticides and fertilizers. Additionally, organic food is supposedly better for

the environment and the local farmer. Some even claim organic farming results in tastier

products. Are these assertions true? Does organic food really offer greater nutritional benefits,

total freedom from chemical pesticides, and better taste, or is it just a craze that allows

corporations to place heftier price tags on items that healthy, environmentally conscience people

are attracted to? This project will address these issues; in addition, on the day of the Senior

Symposium, I will be administering a taste test in which I will ask people to indicate which bite

of banana is the organic version. As the day progresses, I will log the results on my board.

Jenna Pace,

College of Education and Human Services, BS in Elementary Education

“The Emotional and Cognitive Benefits of Nature for Children”

The relationship between children and nature has changed over the last several decades, and this

could be a problem for the children. This will be explained by using studies done in the past, as

well as incorporating personal experience as a camp counselor. The correlation between the size

of the gap between nature and children and the increase in attention deficit disorders is

fascinating. It would suggest that as children spend less time in nature and become more

disconnected from the natural world, they miss out on many benefits. It is rare to see children

spending unstructured time in nature discovering things on their own. This unstructured time can

provide many benefits, including fostering creativity and problem solving skills, and instilling

confidence in children.

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Caren Parker,


“What are the Misconceptions about Nonprescription Analgesics?”

Informed, appropriate, and responsible use of nonprescription medications is important for safe

and effective self-treatment of pain. This study evaluates misconceptions and knowledge gaps that

the public has about nonprescription analgesic medications. One hundred and six participants took

a survey testing their knowledge of brand-generic names, side effects, risks, and interactions of

these medications. The results indicate important counseling points for pharmacists when helping

patients select a nonprescription analgesic, such as the maximum daily dose of acetaminophen and

interactions with alcohol consumption.

Courtney Parks,

College of Engineering Technology, BS in Architectural Engineering Technology

BS in Construction Management

“Good, Green, Livin’”

S-U-S-T-A-I-N-A-B-I-L-I-T-Y is the buzz word of the 21st century. Solar power, wind power,

hydropower, recycling, electric cars, “going green”, and the list goes on; these terms have been

integrated into our culture. We are constantly devising ways to be more environmentally friendly

and minimize our “carbon footprint”. However, sustainability involves much more than the

environmental impact. There are also the social and economic components that are too often

neglected. Did you know that creating sustainable buildings is one of the most commonly missed

opportunities to be sustainable? Over 75% of the average person’s day is spent in some type of

building structure. This project demonstrates how the places we spend so much time in can be

sustainable environmentally, economically, and socially. To give a prime example, the

architectural project featured is the design for a community center for the city of Big Rapids.

Bethany Patterson,

College of Engineering Technology, BS in Mechanical Engineering Technology

“The Design and Analysis of the Ferris State University Human-Powered Vehicle Chassis”

This project involves the analysis and design of a chassis for the Human-Powered Vehicle Team

here at Ferris State University. In the completion of this project, numerous materials and extrusion

sizes have been tested in order to minimize the weight of the frame, while keeping the strength

optimal for its purposes. Tests have been conducted in both a three-dimensional finite element

analysis simulation, as well as a physical test once the frame has been made tangible. The final

frame is being made of 2 inch diameter, .065 inch wall thickness 6061 T6 aluminum tubing.

Lauren Pinner,

College of Business, BS in Graphic Design

“What Is Branding, and Why Is It Important?”

What is a brand? Many people view it as simply a logo or a company name; however, brands are

entirely about perception. According to Marty Neumeier, author of Zag and The Brand Gap, “A

brand is a person's gut feeling about a product, service, or company.” Many companies spend years

trying to control and refine their brands, but why are they so important? This project demonstrates

the purpose and importance of branding by using an example of a re-brand of Bigelow tea. This re-

brand displays the detailed, in-depth research and planning that goes into the creation of a brand

and demonstrates how brands seek to communicate the core values of a company and to ultimately

lead to a more unified and effective company identity.

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Lucas Riley,

College of Arts and Sciences, BA in Chemistry

“How the CSI Effect Affects Your Life”

The term “CSI Effect” refers to how recent forensic science TV shows, such as CSI, have

distorted the views that the public has concerning the forensic world. This effect influences the

public’s perception of forensic science and encompasses the view that this effect may lead jurors

to demand more forensic evidence in criminal trials. In addition, because these shows increase

the awareness of the general public, the demand for forensic evidence in police investigations

increases, which in turn greatly amplifies the workload for crime laboratories. This effect also

leads the public to believe that these TV shows demonstrate to criminals more ways to cover-up

the evidence of their crimes, making it harder to solve cases.

Bailey Ross,

College of Arts and Sciences, BS in Psychology

“Masculine-centered Language and its Effects on Self-efficacy”

Language is a facet of our culture, and how we utilize it is important. The linguistic choices we

make impact more than just the immediate conversation or transaction in which we use them;

they have a significantly greater effect on the world around us than may be apparent. Looking

through the perspective of two theories can help illuminate just how important language is: the

Sapir-Whort hypothesis and Muted Group Theory. When the English language is examined, there

is a clear male bias that can be detected. It is evident in occupational titles (e.g. policeman) and in

the generic use of the second-person singular pronoun “he.” It has already been shown in past

research that this can have a harmful effect on those who encounter such language. The research

question being posed intends to discover the exact effects, specifically on self-efficacy, which is

the judgment of one's own ability to perform in a certain situation. This project will complete the

initial steps necessary to advance research related to masculine-centered language and its effects

on self-efficacy related to task performance. The specific purpose of the current research project

is to investigate whether the use of masculine-centered language in written documents can have

an effect on the self-efficacy of individuals when completing a task.

Julie Schmidt,


“Foam Agents in Plaque Psoriasis”

While plaque psoriasis can be treated in different ways, the use of a topical foam delivery system

can decrease systemic side effects while increasing patient compliance. Sorilux® is a foam

delivery system and is used in patients with plaque psoriasis in those 18 years and older. This

project serves to demonstrate the effectiveness and advantages of Sorilux® (calcipotriene). It

also encompasses the components of Sorilux®, as well as any precautions it may have. Similar

products available in the same dosage form and for the same indication are also compared.

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Kelsey Schmuckal,

College of Health Professions, BS in Healthcare Systems Administration

“Obamacare”: Will it Help or Hurt?”

This project examined the effects “Obamacare” is going to have on the United States through

extensive research of the bills that have been passed by Congress. This research revealed that there

are going to be huge changes seen across the country, both financially and in the type and quality

of care received. Certain changes are going to hurt some people more than others, but the financial

effects are going to take a long time to absorb and adjust to for everyone. Overall, “Obamacare” is

a huge undertaking that is going to affect generations to come, both positively and negatively. It is

now each citizen’s responsibility to ensure the success of this program, not the government.

Heather Schultz,


“Antibiotic Resistance: Why We Must Win the War against Superbugs”

Antibiotic resistance is a worldwide health problem that continues to grow and affect millions of

people every day. It has been found that over half of the 190 million doses of antibiotics prescribed

in hospitals every day are unnecessary and are being prescribed for coughs, colds, and other viral

infections. However, antibiotic resistance is not solely due to misuse of antibiotics in humans, but it

is greatly due to the overuse of antibiotics in livestock as growth promoters. The continuing

emergence of resistance has led to over 150,000 deaths a year and actions must be taken to stop the

development of more resistance. This project aims to educate and inform the public about antibiotic

resistance, the dangers of it, and actions that individuals can take to help stop resistance from taking

over the medical community.

Courtney Serra,


“Should Green Coffee Bean Extract be Recommended as a Weight Loss Supplement?”

This project examined the effects that green coffee bean extract has on the body while being used

as a weight loss supplement. Current research shows that green coffee bean extract causes a

reduction in triglyceride levels as well as a reduction in blood glucose levels. Researchers suggest

that it is by these mechanisms that green coffee bean extract has a suppressive effect on weight

gain and adipose tissue accumulation. These effects are attributed to a key component of green

coffee bean extract known as chlorogenic acid. Chlorogenic acid is a natural antioxidant found in

all coffee; however, it is destroyed by the roasting process. The fact that green coffee bean extract

keeps the chlorogenic acid intact and has minute caffeine levels make it efficacious and safe to use

as a weight loss supplement.

Ashley Smith,


“What is the Efficacy and Safety of the Prescription Medication Estring® as an Estrogen

Hormone Replacement for Women during Menopause?”

This project examined the efficacy and safety of an estrogen hormone replacement therapy,

Estring®, for women with urogenital atrophy due to menopause by reviewing different

comparative studies, clinical trials, and reviews. The results show that Estring® is one of the most

preferred medications prescribed to women who experience this disease due to menopause.

Physicians and patients prefer this medication because of its reduction of possible adverse effects,

toxicity, and over dosage, making it a safe product. Approximately 90 percent of women who take

Estring® for the complete duration of their therapy have decreased symptoms of urogenital

atrophy or no longer have symptoms at all.

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Kristen Stiefel,

College of Business, BS in Accountancy

“What are the Advantages of In-housing Your Business Functions?”

This symposium will look at the advantages available to corporations that in-house their business

functions and manufacturing processes. In the past, companies have outsourced these functions

and processes, but with the changing economy, it is important for companies to re-evaluate this

decision and to look at in-housing operations once more. Outsourcing was once accepted because

of the cheap labor rates found in other countries; however, over the past five years labor rates and

the cost of transportation overseas have risen. Insourcing solves a multitude of problems. There is

no longer a disconnect or language barrier between the designers of a product and the

manufacturers. Insourcing can lead to increased innovation, improved quality, decreased material

prices, and reduced labor hours. Although it is a big investment, manufacturers will find that

insourcing manufacturing processes will lead to greater cost savings.

Josie Sukta,

College of Health Professions, AAS in Dental Hygiene

"What Can One's Dental Team do for Oral Cancer?"

Our mouths experience a lot more damage than most people think. When people consider the

side effects of smoking, their first thought is lung disease. But what about the side effects that

tobacco products have on the mouth? The use of tobacco products may not only lead to lung

cancer but also cancer of the mouth. One’s dental team is just as important as one’s doctor in the

detection and care of oral cancer. The dental team uses a combination of traditional techniques

and modern technology to detect oral cancer in its early stages and is a key component during the

removal of and recovery from oral cancer.

Rachel Szucs,

College of Health Professions, BS in Nursing

“What is the Nurse’s Role in Addressing Cardiac Dysrhythmias?”

In the clinical setting, the registered nurse is often required to monitor the patient’s heart

electrical activity, whether via a wireless system called telemetry or on a standard ECG machine.

However, learning what rhythms are adventitious and what to look for can be difficult. This

project examined eleven rhythms and dissected them. Each dysrhythmia was researched in order

to find the key markers and characteristics. Though technology is useful in helping flag these

rhythms, the nurse’s knowledge of what to look for first can help catch possibly fatal

dysrhythmias. In addition, further research was done to clarify the nurse’s role in caring for the

patient with dysrhythmias in addition to simply identifying them. It was found that appropriate

nurse involvement includes correct placement of the electrodes, completing a health and

medication history for patients with conduction abnormalities, physically assessing the patient

with dysrhythmias or at risk for dysrhythmias and knowing which signs indicate abnormalities or

complications, continued monitoring in the hospital setting, medication administration, and

providing competent and caring psychosocial assessment and support.

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Larissa Travis,

College of Health Professions, BS in Health Information Management and

AAS in Health Information Technology

“Why has the United States not Adopted ICD-10 and has it Affected the Health Care Being Pro-

vided?”

This project examined the different reasons that the United States has not adopted ICD-10, a coding

classification system in health care. It also considered whether the lack of adoption has had an effect on

the cost and quality of care being provided to patients. Through research and inquiries to professors in

the College of Health Professions, results concluded that the most common reason for not adopting ICD

-10 is the cost of implementation. The results also suggest that the delay in implementation has not ad-

versely affected the care being given or the cost.

Lauryne Vanderhoof,

College of Arts and Sciences, BS in Biology/Pre-Dentistry

“An Investigation of the Antimicrobial Efficacy of Different Toothpastes and Mouth Rinses Using

the Agar Well Diffusion Method”

There are three prevalent types of dental problems, including dental plaque formation, dental caries, and

periodontal disease. The incorporation of antimicrobial treatment into dental care products has been

used to help mediate and control these diseases. Many dental products contain some kind of antimicro-

bial activity but little research has been done on the efficacy of these products. The current study was

designed to investigate the antimicrobial efficacy of different toothpastes and mouth rinses by using the

agar well diffusion method. Good oral hygiene leads to a decrease in oral microflora which causes den-

tal pathogens such as dental plaque buildup, dental caries, and periodontal disease. Decreasing the num-

ber of microorganisms in the mouth therefore, reduces the harmful effects of their metabolic activity

and thus diminishes the occurrence of disease. In addition to brushing, it is important to use a dentifrice

which contains antimicrobial activity. This study found that toothpastes containing Triclosan and

mouthwashes containing chlorhexidine work best for maximum antimicrobial efficacy.

Derek VanderHorst,


“Should NSAIDs Really be OTC?”

There is a common misconception in the United States that if a medication is “over-the-counter” (OTC)

they must be safe; this is a misconception that has led to many injuries and even deaths. Non-Steroidal

Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) like Ibuprofen – Motrin ® or Naproxen Sodium – Aleve® are

OTC pain relievers that many people use for their aches and pains on a daily basis. What people do not

realize is that these drugs can be as dangerous as prescription drugs if used improperly. These drugs can

illicit dangerous and potentially lethal side effects that can range from gastric bleeding/ulceration to

things like increasing the likelihood of stroke or heart attack. After research into many clinical studies

on the use of NSAIDs and their side effect profiles, this study suggests that NSAIDs are too dangerous

to be OTC medications and that the public needs to be educated on how to safely use them.

Megan Willemstein,


“Chocolate: Cough Suppressant?

Studies have shown that currently available cough suppressants are not very effective, despite the claims

of the companies that produce them. This project examined the studies and literature that assess chocolate

as a cough suppressant compared to the traditional over-the-counter product dextromethorphan

(Robitussin®). The active ingredient in chocolate believed to produce the cough suppressant action is

theobromine. Studies have shown that this compound can produce an antitussive effect.

Dextromethorphan is a widely used product, but the current studies show that it is not very effective. The

studies done have shown that chocolate, not just theobromine, could be a better cough suppressant than

dextromethorphan for certain types of coughs.

Lauren Wolf,


"Which OTC Medication Is Best for Treating My Heartburn?"

This project examined the differences between the various over-the-counter products for gastroesophageal

reflux disease (GERD), also known as heartburn. Three classes of over-the-counter medications for GERD

exist which include antacids, H2 receptor antagonists, and proton pump inhibitors. After research using

MedlinePlus and Micromedex, this study concludes that antacids are the quickest and shortest-acting,

proton pump inhibitors are the longest-acting but take the longest to work, and H2 receptor antagonists fall

in between the two. Other factors to consider while choosing one of these medications are price, side

effects, and frequency of GERD symptoms. The conclusion of this project is that no one product is better

than another; benefits of each vary and should be tailored to each patient’s needs.

Katherine Wyman,


“Off-label Treatments for Insomnia”

This project examined the effectiveness of two prescription medications and their off-label uses for the

treatment of insomnia. Insomnia is the inability to fall or stay asleep. It is projected that up to 50% of the

general population may be suffering from insomnia. The two prescription drugs researched in this project

that meet this criteria were trazodone and lorazepam. These medications are not indicated to treat

insomnia, but they may help patients fall asleep due to their sedative properties. A literature review of

the subject was made to determine if these two medications are suitable off-label treatments for

sleeplessness.

Linzy Yerke,

College of Business, BS in Finance

“Why did the Facebook Initial Public Offering (IPO) Perform so Poorly?”

It was big news when Facebook’s Initial Public Offering occurred and this project examined why it did

not live up to expectations. An initial public offering or IPO is the first sale of stock by a private company

to the public. To begin, there was a great deal of controversy as to whether Facebook would be a money

machine like Google or fall into accelerated collapse like AOL, and there were a significant number of

disputes over the newly amended prospectus and the opening price per share. There was also a glitch with

the NASDAQ the morning that trading began. Additionally, Facebook allowed too many retail investors

to dominate pricing and institutional investors then avoided the offering. Finally, there was a significant

amount of insider capitalism that took place with this initial public offering. As it can be seen, there were

a number of reasons why this initial public offering performed so poorly.

24

Kacie Zuck,

College of Business, BS in Professional Tennis Management

“Tennis: Lifelong Health”

This project examined the health benefits gained through tennis for all ages including the long-term

effects of playing tennis. Tennis industry-specific information was pulled from research conducted by the

United States Professional Tennis Association, the governing body of tennis in the United States. Data

concerning the general health benefits achieved through sport were retrieved through various other

reputable sources. The benefits of playing tennis were found to be both physical and psychological,

proving to be advantageous for people young, old, and of all ability levels.

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Because the father is a merchant, it

is no reason why the son should be

one; likewise with preachers, doc-

tors and all other business men.

When young people know what they

want to be, let them bring out the

best that’s in them.

W. N. Ferris

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