Panic Disorder / PD With Agoraphobia Agoraphobia Specific Phobias Social Phobia (social anxiety disorder) Generalized Anxiety Disorder Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Trauma and Stressor-Related

Disorders– now in own category in DSM-5

Exposure to Traumatic Events

War and Combat

Rape and Assault

Car Accidents

Natural Disasters

IPV and child neglect/abuse

Clinical Description

Symptom Clusters

1. Persistent re-experiencing/intrusions of eventA. Intrusive memories of the event

Ex.______________________

B. Recurrent, distressing dreams/nightmares

C. Dissociative states; flashbacks

D. Psychological distress at exposure to events that symbolize or resemble an aspect of the trauma.

Ex. Anniversary dates.

Symptom Clusters

2. Avoidance of stimuli associated with event or

numbing of responsiveness

A. Deliberate efforts to avoid thoughts or feelings

B. Deliberate efforts to avoid activities/

situations that are reminders about event

C. Psychogenic amnesia (all or part of event)

D. Feeling detached from others; “numbing”;

unable to have loving feelings

Symptom Clusters3. Symptoms of increased arousal

A. Sleep problems

B. Irritability or outbursts of anger

C. Problems concentrating

D. Hypervigilence

E. Exaggerated startle response

F. Physical reactivity to events similar to trauma

Ex. person sexually assaulted in an elevator sweats when entering elevator

* survivor guilt

Acute Stress Disorder

< 1 month

PTSD

> 1 month

Delayed Onset

Symptoms Begin > 6 Months after event

Subtypes

A. Person variables -predisposing factors (ex. prior trauma)

-specific experience during events

-person’s evaluation during & after event B. Stimulus properties of event:

ex. manmade or natural; type of exposure

C. Characteristics of post trauma environment(e.g., supportive or not)

What qualifies as a traumatic experience?

Facts and Statistics Occurs in ____% of Population; ____% lifetime

Most Common Traumas?

Trauma Event is Necessary, not Sufficient

Severity of Event & Response Seems Important

Runs a Chronic Course

Causes Only Disorder With ________________ Biological Vulnerability Prior Experience With Events That are...

Uncontrollable and Unpredictable Severity of Trauma and One’s Reaction

_________________________

Social Support / Acceptance Helps

Psychological Interventions

- Ensure Safety and Teach Coping Skills

- Face the Original Trauma - Is it Necessary?

Imaginal Reexposure

- Telling the story – remembrance & mourning

- Arrange for Corrective Emotional Learning

- Problem of Secondary Gain

Disability and Compensation

Pharmacological Interventions

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