Nairobi, Kenya, 26 – 27July 2010

EMF MEASURING IN KENYA

Derick simiyu khamaliCompliance and Enforcement Officer

Communications Commission of Kenya

ITU-T Workshop on Delivering Good Quality Telecommunication Service

in a Safe Environment in Africa (Nairobi, Kenya, 26 July – 27 July 2010 )

Nairobi, Kenya, 26 – 27 July 2010 2

Introduction

Kenya has a Memorandum of understanding between

Radiation Protection Board (RPB) and Communications

Commission of Kenya (CCK) to address issues of RF

Emissions from telecommunications infrastructure.

CCK and RPB have adopted various ways to deliver on

this mandate through field monitoring & measurements

The basis is on the reports received from NEMA on EIA

any other complaint from the Public or perceived.

Non Ionising Radiation Measurements - NIR

The Commission measures EMF Radiation levels from Communication installations country wide.The aim is to ascertain the performance by different operators in view of human safety, health and environmental welfare.This is done by Random sampling and visits to several masts/towers and antenna installations.

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Why NIR Monitoring

Due to public concern after the Commission licensed

more GSM operators who rolled out their network by

building towers all over to satisfy growing demand.

The resistance that operators were facing from the

public whenever they wanted to establish new

installations especially in residential places.

Due to corporate responsibility to ensure quality

telecommunication services are delivered in a safe and

healthy environment.

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Objectives of NIR Monitoring

To ascertain public safety as part of the

consumer protection obligations.

To assure and alleviate any public fears

whenever installations are coming up.

To support the operators and ensure

network roll out is not hampered.

Common Concerns and Areas of Interest:

Markets and shopping malls.

Schools, hospitals, sports grounds and other

public amenities.

Residential areas

Protected zones like Embassies, military

and other sensitive facilities.

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Final Reports

These are filed in the inspection reports

file and also kept in soft copy.

Each case stays as an open case until

follow-ups on compliance are finalized.

Future inspections are pegged on the

basis filed and any new developments.

FIELD DATA COLLECTION

The Following procedure is adopted:

1. Initial field strength & site review is done in the office

prior to site visit using EIA reports received from NEMA.

Adhoc sites are managed on the ground.

2. Line of sight is established on ground w.r.t antenna

Azimuth & measurement points are determined using a

compass & GPS

3. Normally two points are selected at about 100m and

200m from the base of the mast

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Results

Data collected is analysed using

specialised software and the reports are

automatically generated.

The results are compared with WHO &

ICNIRP Thresholds to determine site

Compliance & Non Compliance.

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Field work

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MONITORING TOOLS

The Commission uses the following tools:

1. RAHAM – Radaition Hazard Metre

2.Spectrum Analyzer – FSH 18

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A

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Raham - (Radiation Hazard Metre)

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RAHAM PERFORMANCE

The Raham has two antenna Probes with gauges

for 18GHz and 48 GHz.

The measurements are taken by pointing the probe

to the antenna/mast.

The measurements take 6 minutes and are

recorded in terms of power density – W/m.

The system can also be set manually to report

other parameters and units.04/10/23 21:27 14

RAHAM SET UP

One key component is the GPS that records the

geographical data of every site and point

visited.

The Raham has two antenna Probes Covering

different Ranges of the frequency spectrum.

A) Ranges from 100KHz to 3 GHz

B) Ranges from 3GHz to 18GHz.

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Raham main frame and probes

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B

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Spectrum Analyzer (Main Frame)

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SPECTRUM ANALYZER

The Commission uses FSH 18 model

from Rhode and Schwartz.

The spectrum range monitored is from

9KHz to 7.5GHz.

The unit has five antennas to fit this

range as detailed in other slides below.

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FSH 18 PERFORMANCE

The measurements are taken by pointing the

probe to the suspect source - antenna/mast.

The measurements are taken instantaneously

and with respect to the specific operator

frequencies.

The data collected is analysed to ascertain

compliance.

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Spectrum Analyzer (Mounted A)

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Spectrum Analyzer (Mounted B)

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Antenna (0.5 – 7.5 GHz)

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Antenna (200-500MHz)

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Antenna (9KHz-20MHz)

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Antenna (20-200MHz)

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Antenna (DOME)

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Industrial area

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Informal Settlement and school

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Multiple Residential Installations

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School Compound

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Kinder-garden site works

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Thank you!