My name is Dan Suchy, and I am here today with my ... · My name is Dan Suchy, and I am here today...

MynameisDanSuchy,andIamheretodaywithmyassociate,DebStewart.Weare

fromtheKansasGeologicalSurvey,whichistherepositoryforwaterwellrecordsinthe

state.

9/7/2016

WWC-5andKOLAR:LocaOonReporOng

KDHEGWTSFall2016Seminar

1

WaterWellCompleOonRecords(WWC-5s)aresubmiVedtoKDHE(theregulatory

agency)buteventuallytheycometousintheDataResourcesLibrary(DRL)atthe

KansasGeologicalSurvey(KGS),wherewearchivetherecordsandmakethem

availabletothepublic.Wealsoenterdatafromthepaperrecords,scanthepaper

documents,andpostthedataandthescanneddocumentstoourpublicwebsiteso

thatanyonecanaccessthemremotely.

However,compleOonrecordssubmiVedelectronicallyonlineviaKOLARbypassour

manualdataentryprocess.AXerapprovalbytheKDHE,thedatathedrillersubmiVed

areautomaOcallyuploadedtoourpublicwebsitealongwithasystem-generatedimage

oftheform.

9/7/2016



2

Ideally,apointlocaOon,suchaslaOtudeandlongitude,isthemostaccurate,andthatis

whyweaskforthatandstartwiththatontheKOLARWWC-5forms.However,wesOll

needsecOon,township,range,andthequarterdivisionswithineachsecOonbecause

wesOllfileallthepaperformsusingthatlocaOoninformaOon.Mostofthesearches

onlineforwaterwellrecordsaredonebysecOon,township,andrange,andmany

peoplesOllworkwithinthatsystem.AXerall,itisthelegallanddescripOon.First,we

havebeenaskedtoreviewourWWC-5website.Andthenwewillgothroughashort

overviewofthePublicLandSurveySysteminKansas—thatis,secOon,township,and

range—andhowtouseitsothatweallarefamiliarwithhowitworks.Thenwewillgo

intolaOtude,longitude,anddatums,andeventuallywe’lltalkaliVlebitaboutGPS

devices.

9/7/2016



3

First,wewillbrieflyshowyouourwebsiteandhowtofindtherelevantfeaturesfor

thoseofusinthewaterwellindustry.Hereisourhomepage.AndforpreVymuch

everybodyinthewaterwellindustry,themostrelevantlinkonthispageisthe“Water”

link.Ifyouclickonthatlink,yougetthefollowingpage.

9/7/2016



4

Wehavethreewaterdatabases:WIMAS,WIZARD,andWWC5.WIMASrecordswater

rightsinthestate.WIZARDrecordsthewaterlevelmeasuringprogramthattheKGSis

involvedwitheveryyear.TheWWC5databaserecordsallthewaterwellcompleOon

records(WWC-5s)thatthewaterwelldrillershaveturnedin;thisistheonethatwill

likelybeofmostusetoyou.

9/7/2016



5

Ifyouclickon“WWC5Database”onthe“Water”page,youwillgetthisWWC5search

page.YoucansearchbysecOon,township,andrange,oryoucansearchbycounty.Or

ifyouwanttoseealistofwellsforanenOretownship,justputinthetownshipand

rangenumbers,butnosecOonnumber.BesuretoacOvatetheliVledotbesideeither

EastorWest,dependingonwhetheryouwanttosearchintheEastortheWestranges.

Also,pleasenotethatyoucangettotheinteracOveWWC5mappingtooldirectlyby

clickingonthe“InteracOveMap”linkhere,oryoucangettoitfromtheindividualwell

page,whichwewillshowyouinaminute.

Inthiscase,wehaveenteredthelocaOonofaKGSIndexWellinWichitaCounty.Ifyou

searchonthatlocaOon,youwillgetthefollowingpage.

9/7/2016



6

ThisisachartshowingalltherecordswehaveforwaterwellsinthissecOon.Weshow

fivewellsinthatsecOon.YoucanperformdifferentfuncOonsonthispage(seenotes

onslide).Forexample,ifyougetalistof50or100wellsandyouonlywanttoseethe

mostrecentones,youcansortbycompleOondateindescendingorder,whichwill

bringthemostrecentwellstothetopofthelist.Or,youcansortthewellsbydepthin

descendingorder,whichwillbringthedeepestwellstothetopofthelist.Ifyouclick

ononeofthe“PDF”or“KOLARPDF”linksontheright,youwillseeascannedimageof

theWWC-5formforthatparOcularwell.IfyouclickonthefourthlocaOonlinkonthe

leX,youwillgetthefollowingpage.

9/7/2016



7

ThisispartoftheindividualwellpagethatshowsthebasicinformaOonaboutthatwell.

HereagainyoucanaccessascannedimageoftheWWC-5itselfbyclickingonthe

indicatedlink.

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8

HereisascannedimageoftheupperpartoftheWWC-5forthiswell.Thebarcodeat

thetopindicatesthatthisimagewascreatedbyKOLAR.

Also,notethelaOtudeandlongitudearegivenindecimaldegreesandthatNAD27is

checkedforthedatum.OncethisinformaOonisenteredintoKOLAR,thenthecounty,

fracOon,andsecOon,township,andrangefieldsfillinautomaOcally.NoOcethatthe

quartersarelisteddowntofourdivisions.

AlsonotethegreatwriVendescripOonofthelocaOon,whichisveryimportantin

backinguptheotherlocaOoninformaOon.

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9

Ifwegobacktotheindividualwellpage,youcanplotthiswellonaninteracOvemap

byclickingonthe“ViewwelloninteracOvemap”link.Itwillopenupanewtabora

newwindowthatshowsthemappingtool.

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10

Thisiswhatthatmappingtoollookslike.Thewaterwellsareindicatedbythebluedots

onthemap.Theindividualwellthatyouwerelookingatwillbehighlightedinyellow

onthemap,andbasicinformaOonforthatwellwillbeshownontheright.Ifyouclick

ononeoftheotherwellsonthemap,itsbasicinformaOonwillshowupontheright.

TheredlinesoutlinethesecOonboundaries;andthesecOon,township,andrangeare

showninthecenterofeachsecOon.Also,thecountynameisgiven.

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11

YoucanclickanddragthemaptomovetootherlocaOons,zoominandoutbyusing

thescrollwheelonyourmouseorbyusingthe“+”or“-”buVonsintheupperleX

cornerofthemap,oraddanumberofotherfeaturessuchaslayersbyusingthe

“Layers”tabneartheupperrightcornerofthemap.

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12

Youcanaddanumberofdifferentlayerstothemapusingthe“Layers”tab(for

example,aerialphotosoratopographicmap).

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13

TherearealsoanumberoffuncOonslistedintheorangebaratthetopofthemap,

suchasshowingwelllabels,zoomingtoadifferentlocaOon,ordoublecheckingyour

welllocaOonbasedonthelat/longvaluesyouhave.Ifyoueverneedhelpusingthese

toolsornavigaOngourwebsite,feelfreetocallus.

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14

NowwewillreturntotheoriginalpurposeofthispresentaOon,whichisreporOngwell

locaOoninformaOon.Asitisinrealestate,whenitcomestowaterwells,everythingis

locaOon,locaOon,locaOon.TherearemanyplacesinKansaswhere,ifyoudrillatone

locaOon,youstandapreVygoodchanceofgeongasuccessfulwell,butifyougoa

shortdistanceaway,youwillnothitwater.LocaOonissoimportant!Also,ifyouare

lookingatawaterwellrecordandyoudon’tknowwherethatwellislocated,orifitis

locatedinthewrongplace,thatrecordisuselesstoyou.

ThecollecOonofwaterwellrecordsthatwehaveintheKGSDataResourcesLibrary,

mostofwhicharerecordedinouronlinedatabase,areatremendousinformaOon

resourceforanyonelookingtodrillawaterwellinthestate.Theytellyousomuch

aboutthepossibiliOesofdrillingasuccessfulwellinaparOcularlocaOonandabout

whattoexpectwhenyoudrillthatwell.PeopleusethisinformaOoneverydaytomake

importantdecisionsaboutwhetherandwheretodrillwells.

Theproblemwerunintoisthatmanywellrecordsthatcometoushaveinaccurate

locaOons.WespendalotofOmeintheDRLtryingtocorrectwaterwelllocaOons.And

sowehaveputtogetherthispresentaOontotrytohelpyoutosubmittheaccurate

welllocaOoninformaOonthatweallneed.

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15

ThisisamapshowingthebasicstructureofthePublicLandSurveySystem(PLSS)in

Kansas.EssenOallythisisareferencegridlaiddownontheEarth’ssurfacethatallows

ustodescribealocaOonoraparOcularparcelofland.Itisbasedonlandsurveys

carriedoutonthesurfaceoftheEarth.Thebasicreferencelinesinourstatearethe

40thparallelattheKansas/Nebraskaborder,andtheSixthPrincipalMeridian,which

happenstorunthroughthemiddleofWichita.Townshipsarelaidoutacrossthestate

—aperfectoneis6milesby6milessquare—andtheyaregiventownshipandrange

numbers.Eachofthesmallgraysquaresonthismapoutlinesatownship.The

townshipsarenumberedfrom1to35South,andtheyaregivenrangenumbersfrom1

to25Eastand1to43West.

9/7/2016



16

Withineachtownship,whichagainis6milesby6milessquare,thereare36secOons,

whichare1mileby1milesquare.Theyarenumbered1to36backandforthacross

thetownshipasshownhere.Youwillneverseemorethan36secOonsinatownship.

Each1-mile-squaresecOonisthendividedintoquarters,thosequartersaredivided

intoquarters,andsoforth.Inthisexample,wehavechosenTownship9Southand

Range5East,andthenwehavechosensecOon7withinthattownship.ThesecOonis

thendividedintoquarters,andwehaveplacedan“X”atthelocaOonwewishto

describe.ThelegallanddescripOonofthatlocaOonistheSouthwestquarterofthe

SoutheastquarteroftheSouthwestquarterofSecOon7,Township9South,Range5

East,whichisusuallywriVenasshownintheslide.NotethatthelegaldescripOonof

quartersgoesfromsmallestdivisionontheleXtolargestdivisionontheright.

9/7/2016



17

HereyoucanseeasmallporOonofaUSGStopographicmapshowingthevillageof

LoneStarsouthwestofLawrenceinDouglasCounty.ThesecOonnumbersareshown,

asarethetownshipandrangenumbers.YoucanseethatthelocaOonsofthechurch

inLoneStarandthepondtothenorthwestofitarelocatedaslistedattheboVomof

theslide.

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18

9/7/2016



19

NotalltownshipsorsecOonsareperfect.IrregulariOesarepreVycommonaroundthe

state,parOcularlyintheplaceslistedontheslide.Hereyoucanseewhereasurveyor

comingfromonedirecOonhadtochangecoursetomeetupwithasurveycomingfrom

theotherdirecOonsothatthesecOoncornerswouldmeet.

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20

ForourpurposesforlocaOngwells,legallanddescripOonssuchasthePublicLand

SurveySystem(PLSS)—thatis,SecOon-Township-Rangeandquartercalls—providean

esOmateofawelllocaOonbydefininganarea;thewellmaybelocatedanywhere

withinthatarea.Forexample,a1-milesecOonis640acres,aquartersecOonis160

acres,¼ofthatis40acres,and¼ofthatis10acres.So,ifwehaveinformaOonabout

awelllocaOondowntothreequarterdivisionsofasecOon,thenallwereallyknowis

thatthatwellissomewherewithinthat10-acreparcel.Thatiswhy,ifpeopleare

workingwiththismethod,weaskthemtodividethequartersdowntofourdivisions,

whichbringsusdownto2.5acresandismoreprecisethan10acres.

LaOtudeandlongitude,ontheotherhand,ifdonecorrectly,giveamuchmoreprecise

welllocaOon.ItisessenOallyapointlocaOon.Itisacoordinate,orgrid,systemthat

enablesustodescribeawelllocaOonbytheintersecOonoftwolines,onerunning

east/west(linesoflaOtude),andtheotherrunningnorth/south(linesoflongitude).

Ineithercase,itissOllveryimportanttoincludeawriVenlocaOonoraddressonthe

WWC-5form,too,asadouble-checkofthewelllocaOon.

9/7/2016



21

WhenfillingoutwaterwellcompleOonrecords(WWC-5s)inKOLAR,thelaOtudeand

longitudeofthewelllocaOonarerequired.Hereisaglobalviewofthelat/long

coordinategrid.

NotethePRIMEMERIDIAN(0degrees,whichrunsthroughGreenwich,England)and

thenorth/southlinesofLONGITUDE,whicharedesignatedaswestoreastofthePrime

Meridian.

NotetheEQUATORandtheeast/westlinesofLATITUDE,whicharedesignatedasnorth

orsouthlaOtude.

TogethertheseformaGRID,orcoordinatesystem,overtheEarththatallowsusto

locateourselvesonthesurfaceoftheEarth.

9/7/2016



22

AcoordinatesystemprovidesawaytospecifyalocaOononEarth.Itisareferencegrid

system.

LinesoflaOtuderuneastandwest(withtheequator=zero)andforourpurposes

measurethedistancenorthfromtheequator.

Linesoflongituderunnorthandsouth(Greenwichmeridianiszero)andforour

purposesmeasurethedistancewestofthePrimeMeridianinGreenwich,England.

Inactualfact,theyaremeasuredasanglesfromthecenteroftheEarth.Forexample,

55degreesNlaOtudeisdefinedastheintersecOonofalinedrawnata55-degreeangle

northwardfromalineparalleltotheequator.Likewise,60degreesElongitudeis

drawnata60-degreeangleeastwardfromthePrimeMeridian.

Kansaslieswithinthefollowingcoordinates:37degreesNto40degreesNorth~94.5degreesto~102degreesWest,reportedasnegaAve(-94.5to-102).

9/7/2016



23

ThelaOtude/longitudesystemisonlyoneofmanycoordinatesystems.

ThistableshowsthesamelocaOon(thestarinthehandofGoddessofLibertystatueat

theAusOnCapitolDome)describeddifferentlyusingdifferentcoordinatesystems.You

seelat/long,butyoualsoseeUTM(UniversalTransverseMercator)system,amilitary

gridsystem,andstateplanecoordinates,etc.WedosomeOmesgetpeoplesubmiong

someoftheseothercoordinates,especiallystateplanecoordinates,butwedon’thave

aneasywayofdealingwiththeseothersystems,andsoweaskyoutopleasedonot

usethem.SubmityourcoordinatesaslaOtudeandlongitude.Justbesuretotellus

whichdatumyouused.

9/7/2016



24

9/7/2016

Wecan’ttalkaboutlat/longwithouttalkingaboutdatums.Andwecan’treallytalk

aboutdatumswithoutmenOoningellipsoidsorspheroids.AsphereisessenOallya

roundballthatisperfectlycircularincrosssecOon.Aspheroidapproachestheshape

ofaperfectsphere.AnellipseissomewhatflaVenedrelaOvetoaperfectcircle.And

soanellipsoidisa3DshapethatissomewhatflaVenedrelaOvetoaperfectsphere.

TheEarthisnotaperfectsphere.AndIsaacNewton,asearlyas1670,realizedthatthe

shapeoftheEarthismoreaccuratelydescribedasanellipsoidthatbulgesatthe

equatorduetocentrifugalforcecausedbytheEarth’srotaOonaboutitsaxis.Infact,it

isevenmorecomplexthanthatduetodifferencesinelevaOonandgravity,etc.So,to

dealwiththiswhentryingtomeasurelaOtudeandlongitude,peopleovertheyears

havesetupdifferenttypesoftheoreOcalreferencespheroidsorellipsoidsthatareOed

totheearthindifferentways.Theyusetheseshapestodefinetheircoordinategrids

onthesurfaceoftheEarth.Andthuswecomeupwiththeconceptofdatums,whichessenOallyarethesereferencegridsystemssetupovertheEarthfordefiningyour

locaOonontheEarth.ThethreedatumsthataremostoXenusedarecalledNAD27,

NAD83,andWGS84.



25

NAD27,ortheNorthAmericanDatumthatwassetupin1927,wasbasedontheClarkeSpheroidandis>edtotheNorthAmericancon>nent.NAD83,ortheNorthAmericanDatumof1983,wasbasedontheGRS1980ellipsoidandis>edtotheNorthAmericancon>nent.WGS84,ortheWorldGeographicReferenceSystemthatwassetupin1984,wasbasedontheWGS1984ellipsoidandis>edgenerallytotheEarth’sgeologiccrustalplates.Soeachoneis>edtoadifferentreferenceellipsoid,whichcausesthela>tudeandlongitudereadingstobeslightlydifferentfromonesystemtothenext.Also,whiletheNAD27datumwasmeasuredonthegroundwiththehelpofceles>alobserva>ons(thatis,usingthestars,sun,etc.,tolocateoneself),theNAD83andWGS84datumswerebasedonsatellitemeasurementsandthusaremuchmoreaccurate.WhenWGS84wasini>atedinthe1980s,itwasnearlyiden>caltoNAD83.However,sincethentheNorthAmericantectonicplatehasmovedrela>vetotheothertectonicplatesand,consequently,rela>vetotheWGS84grid.Asaresult,NAD83coordinatesinKansasnowdifferfromWGScoordinatesbyroughly3.5feet,andthatdifferencewillincreaseover>me.ThedifferencebetweenNAD27coordinatesandthoseofNAD83andWGS84ismuchgreaterthanthat,aswewillseeinthenextslide.Note:TheKGSonlinemappingprogramscannotuselat/longssubmiXedwithoutdatum;theloca>onofthewellwilldefaulttoPLSSloca>on.Forgeneralpurposesinthemidcon>nent,manyconsiderNAD83andWGS84nearlyinterchangeable.

9/7/2016

WWC-5andKOLAR:Loca>onRepor>ng


26

9/7/2016

ForNAD27,theprimarycontrolpointfromwhichallothersaremeasuredinNorth

Americaislocated12milesnorthofLucas,Kansas.NAD83andWGS84donothave

onespecificcontrolpoint.



27

ThedifferencebetweenNAD27andNAD83inKansasrangesfrom20to40meters

(roughly65to131feet).So,changingthedatumcanpotenOallychangethereported

locaOonofthewellbyupto130feet,whichcanplaceitinanothersecOonoron

someoneelse’sproperty.

9/7/2016



28

AspreviouslymenOoned,WGS84isOedtotherelaOveposiOonsoftectonicplateson

theEarth’ssurface,theboundariesofwhichareshowninwhiteonthismap.The

direcOonandamountofsuchmovementareshownbythedirecOonandsizesofthe

arrowsonthismap.MuchoftheconOnentalU.S.movesonaverage1-2cm/yearor

10-20cm/decaderelaOvetoLondon.Someplaces,suchasHawaii,moveasmuchas

10cm/year,or1meterperdecade,relaOvetoEngland.SoyoucanseethatoverOme

therelaOveplateposiOonscanchangebysignificantamounts.

9/7/2016



29

ThedifferencebetweenNAD83andWGS84inKansaspresentlyrangesfromabout3.4

feetto3.7feet,whichisnotreallythatmuchifyou’resimplytryingtofindawell,and

thatiswhythetwoaresomeOmesusedinterchangeablyinmuchofNorthAmerica.

ButthatdifferencewillincreaseoverOmeastheEarth’stectonicplatesmove.But,asI

saidbefore,thedifferencebetweenthesetwohorizontaldatumsandNAD27canbe

upto130feetinKansas,andsoitisveryimportantforyoutogiveusthedatumyou

areusingwhenyougiveuslaOtudeandlongitudeforawelllocaOon.

9/7/2016



30

TheKGSindividualwaterwellwebpagenowshowslat/longsfortwodifferent

horizontaldatums,NAD27andthedatumthatwassubmiVedbythedriller.Sonow

youwon’tbeconfusedifyouseethatthelat/longcoordinatesyousubmiVedarenot

exactlytheonesshownonourwebsite.Ifyoudon’tgiveusthedatum,wecan’tuse

thelat/longandthelocaOoninformaOonwillreverttothePLSS,andthelat/longwill

becalculatedinNAD27basedonthecenterofthesmallestquarterdivisionyougive

us.Thatis,ifyougiveusthreequarterdivisions,itwillcalculatethecenterofthat10-

acreparcel.Ifyougiveusfourquarterdivisions,itwillcalculatethecenterofthat2.5-

acreparcel.

9/7/2016



31

IfyousubmityourWWC-5sthroughKOLAR,whichwehopethateventuallyallwater

welldrillersinKansaswilldo,KOLARrequireslaOtudeandlongitudeindecimaldegrees

anditrequiresthatyoutelluswhichhorizontaldatumyouused.

9/7/2016



32

Thenicethingisthat,onceyouhaveenteredthelaOtudeandlongitude,thesefieldsfill

inautomaOcally:county,secOon-township-range,andquarters(downtofour

divisions).

Ifyouclickonthe“ViewLocaOonInfo”buVonintheupperrightcorner,itwillgiveyou

animageofthesecOonwithadotshowingthelocaOonofthewellaccordingtothelat/

longsthatyouentered.

9/7/2016



33

Thisiswhatyouwillseeifyouclickonthe“ViewLocaOonInfo”buVonontheKOLAR

form;itwillshowyouaviewofthesecOonwithanaerialphotoandabluedotshowing

thelocaOonofthewellasyouenteredit.Ifitlooksright,you’reOK.Ifitdoesn’tlook

right,youmaywanttogobackandadjustyourlat/longvaluesoryourdatumtoputit

whereitneedstobe.

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34

ForthoseofyousOllsubmiongpaperWWC-5s,orifyouneeditforotherpurposes,

thereisaprogramonourwebsitecalledLEOWEBthatwillconvertlaOtudeand

longitudetosecOon,township,andrange,andviceversa.ClickonthelinkidenOfiedby

thearrow.

9/7/2016



35

IfyouclickontheLEOWEBlink,youwillgetthispage.ItiniOallyasksfordecimal

degrees,butyouhavetheopOonofusingdegrees,minutes,andseconds,ordegrees

anddecimalminutesbychoosingthecorrespondingtab.

Or,asIsaid,youcanalsoconverttownship-range-secOonandquartercallstolat/longs.

9/7/2016



36

IfyouhaveaGPSdevicethatonlygiveslat/longsindegrees,minutes,andseconds,you

coulduseLEOWEBtogiveyouthosecoordinatesindecimaldegrees,althoughthere

areotheropOonsouttherethatwewillmenOonlater.Ifyouenteryourdegrees,

minutes,andsecondsvaluesusingthe“Lat/Long(DMS)”opOonandclick“Submit,”you

willgetthefollowing.

9/7/2016



37

Thisiswhereyouwillseethatitgivesyouthevaluesindecimaldegrees.

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38

NowwewilldiscusstheGlobalPosiOoningSystem(GPS)andthedevicesyoumightuse

togetlaOtudeandlongitudecoordinatesforwelllocaOonsthatyoucanthenenterinto

KOLAR.

9/7/2016



39

hVp://www.gps.gov/systems/gps/

KDHEGWTSFall2016Seminar 9/7/2016

WWC-5andKOLAR:LocaOonReporOng 40

TheGPSspacesegmentisoperatedbytheU.S.AirForce,anditconsistsofa

constellaOonof24satellitesthatorbittheEarth.

9/7/2016



41

TheU.S.AirForceconstantlycontrols,monitors,andoperatestheGPSsatellites

orbiOngtheEarth.



1.  GPSsatellitesbroadcastradiosignalsthatprovidetheirlocaOons,status,andpreciseOmefromon-boardatomicclocks.

2.  TheGPSradiosignalstravelthroughspaceatthespeedoflight,morethan299,792

km/second.

3.  AGPSdeviceonthegroundreceivestheradiosignals,usuallyfromatleastfour

satelliteswithinview,noOngtheexactOmesofarrivalofeachofthesignals.Itthen

appliesamathemaOcalformulathatusestheamountofOmeittookforthesignals

totraveltotheGPSdevicefromeachsatellitetocalculateitsdistancefromeach

satellite.

4.  OnceaGPSdeviceknowsitsdistancefromatleastfoursatellites,itcanuse

geometrytodetermineitslocaOononEarthinthreedimensions.

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43

9/7/2016

YourGPSdevicemayrecordlaOtudeandlongitudeasdegrees,minutes,andseconds;

indegreesanddecimalminutes;orindecimaldegrees.Kolarrequiresthatlat/longsbereportedindecimaldegrees.

Don’tgetridofvaluesiftheyarenotindecimaldegrees–theycanbeconverted.Just

rememberthereare60minutesinonedegree,and60secondsinoneminute.Ifyou

wanttoconvert,youcandividethesecondsby60(whichwillgiveadecimalvalue),

addthatresulttotheminutesanddividethatsumby60(whichalsowillgiveadecimal

value),thenaddthatresulttothedegrees.Oryoucansimplyuseoneofthefollowing

conversiontools:

•  KGS’sLEOWEBtool:hVp://chasm.kgs.ku.edu/ords/f?p=120418

•  EarthPointCoordinateConverter:hVp://www.earthpoint.us/Convert.aspx•  FCCProgram:hVps://www.fcc.gov/media/radio/dms-decimal

Disclaimer:SoXwareprogramsandapplicaOons(apps)menOonedinthispresentaOon

areprovidedasexamplesonly.TheKGSdoesnotrecommendprivatelymarketed

programsorappsanddoesnotprovidesupportintheiruse.



44

GPSunitscomeinawidevarietyofsizesandstyles,andtheyaremadebyanumberof

manufacturers.TheseimagescomefromtheGarminwebsite.SomehavebuVonsand

screens;othersarestrictlytouchscreen.PriceslistedonlineontheGarminwebsite

rangedfrom$109to$599.Andofcourse,thesuiteofapplicaOonsandfuncOonsthat

yougetdependsonthepricethatyoupay.

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45

YouhavetoknowyourdatumandreportitwiththelaOtudeandlongitudecoordinates

indecimaldegrees.

Tip-changeyourGPSorappseongstodisplayindecimaldegrees.

Tofindthedatum:lookinyourseongs,FAQpage,oruser’smanualtofindwhat

horizontaldatumisusedbyyourdeviceorprogram.SomedeviceshaveanopOonto

changeit,ifyouprefer.

Itdoesn’tmaVerwhichdatumyouusetoreportyourcoordinates,butyoumustreport

thecorrectdatumorthelocaOonwillnotbecorrect.

KansasGeologicalSurveyconvertsallcoordinatestodatumNAD27tomaintain

consistency.IntheWWC-5website,theoriginalcoordinatesandoriginaldatum(those

reportedbythedrilleronthecompleOonreport)displayalongwiththeKGSNAD27

values.

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46

AwidevarietyofsoXwareapplicaOonsareavailableforsmartphonesandtablet

computersthatallowyoutodeterminelaOtudeandlongitudeforaparOcularlocaOon.

Somearefreeandsomechargeaminimalfee.

MobilephoneappsarefineforreporOngmostwelllocaOons(notforlegalsurveys,

remediaOonsites).

ItisveryimportanttoalsoreporttheaddressorwriVendescripOonofthewell

locaOon.Thisprovidesacheck.

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47

Mobilephoneappsthatgivelat/longshavebeendevelopedforawidevarietyof

applicaOons.

Searchtofindonethatfitsyourneeds.Thenotesontheslideoffersomepointers.

FindanappthatwillprovidethecoordinatesofyourlocaOon,ratherthana

navigaOonalappinwhichyouenteralocaOonanditdirectsyoutothatlocaOon.

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48

ItisagoodideatofindanappthatallowsyoutheopOonofreporOnglat/longsin

decimaldegrees.Alsobesuretofindoutwhichdatumituses.

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49

InvesOgatechoicesonyourappandlookatthemenuandseongsopOons.Play

aroundwithdifferentchoices.Youcanalwaysresetthemifyouprefer.

ThissmartphoneappbyGoogleEarthallowsyoutochoosecoordinatesdisplayedin

decimaldegreesbyfollowingtheabovesequenceofcommands.

YoumayalsoprefertoturnofftheautoOltfeatureonamappingprogramtomake

certainyouarelookingstraightdownontheEarth’ssurfacesoastogetanaccurate

lat/longreadingofyourwelllocaOon.

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ThistablecomparesGPSreadingsfromthreedifferentdevicesatthesamelocaOon.

AlthoughnotidenOcal,theyareveryclose.

NotetheGPSdeviceusedinthisexerciseisnotaprofessionalsurveygradedevice,but

isusedbyKGSresearchersinthefieldtolocatewells.

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SomepeopleliketouseGoogleEarthonacomputer.Theprogramcanbedownloaded

fromthewebsiteshownattheboVomoftheslide.

HereyouseetheliVlevillageofLoneStar,whichissouthwestofLawrenceinDouglas

County.ThelocaOonofthechurchinLoneStar(shownbybluearrow)wasreferenced

inanearlierslidethatshowedaclose-upofaUSGStopomapwhenweweretalking

aboutsecOon,township,andrange.Thisisjustascreenshot,butifyouareworkingin

GoogleEarth,youcanplaceyourcursoroverthelocaOonyouwant(forexample,the

churchinLoneStar),andinthelowerrightofthescreenitwillgiveyouthelaOtude

andlongitudeofthatpointlocaOon.Inthenextslide,wezoomintothelowerright

partofthescreentoshowyouthoselat/longs.

YoucanuseGoogleEarthtoverifythatyourlat/longcoordinatesarecorrect(orto

collectcoordinates).Enterlat/longvaluesintothesearchbar,andthencheckthespot

thatplotsontheimage.IfyouseethatyourlocaOonisnotcorrect,placeyourcursor

atthecorrectwelllocaOonontheaerialphotoandcheckthecoordinatesatthe

boVomofthescreen.GoogleEarthusesadatumofWGS84,soifyoureportlat/long’s

fromGoogleEarthonaWWC-5,reportdatumasWGS84.(Note:Ifyoucollectedlat/

longsusingadatumotherthanWGS84onyourGPS,andthenenterthoseintoGoogle

Earth,thespotwillbeinadifferentposiOon).

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ThisisthelowerrightoftheGoogleEarthscreenfromthepreviousslide,showingthe

laOtudeandlongitudeofthechurchinLoneStar.NoOcetheyaregivenindecimal

degrees,becausetheseongswithinGoogleEarthwerechangedbytheusertoshow

themthatway.

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hVps://www.google.com/earth/

NotethatGoogleEarthusesdatumWGS84.

Youcanchangetheseongstodisplaylat/longsindecimaldegrees(seeslide).

LongitudeintheWesternHemisphereisreportedasanegaOvevalue.AposiOonwest

ofthePrimeMeridianinEngland(totheleXiflookingataglobe)isintheWestern

HemisphereandisreportedasanegaOvevalue.

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HereisacloserlookattheGoogleEarthPreferencespage.Hereiswhereyoucan

changeittoreadindecimaldegrees.

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ProofthecoordinateswhenyouenterthemonaWWC-5.Copyandpastewhenever

possible.WriOngcoordinatesdownworks,butitisbeVertosavewaypointsonaGPS

anduploadthemtoyourcomputerortoemailcoordinatesfromanappwhileyouare

onthedrillingsite.

CheckthatthelocaOontypedinactuallylocatesthewellcorrectly.

WriVendescripOonissOllveryimportant(usersdon’tthinkincoordinates).Itprovides

verificaOonofwelllocaOonincaselaOtudeorlongitudeismis-typedormeasured

inaccurately.



VerifycoordinatesareaccuratebyenteringthemintheKGSmappingprogramand

viewingthelocaOononthereturnedmap.

hVp://maps.kgs.ku.edu/wwc5/

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