MW & H2O Magazine February 2012

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HEAD LINES • Solar hub in oman • DEWa ExpanDS WatEr anD poWEr proDuction

ON THE RECORDthEoDor SchEiDEggEr, cEo, Solar & hyDro DiviSion, SiEmEnS EnErgy

COLUMNthE 3/11 aftErmath

SECTOR REPORTgcc proDucED WatEr markEt

46/COVER STORYENERGY WORLDThe integration factorThe highly integrated upstream and downstream investments in the Gulf region have thrown up their own set of challenges for process automation vendors.

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February2012 • • 3

4/ Editor's Letter

NEWS6/ The Metre8/ Round up

12/ In the region18/ At large

20/ Industry notes Turning Europe’s smart grid vision

into realityGrowing use of energy harvesting

A summit to remember

24/SHORT TAKEDr David Cartmell, CEO, BWA Water Additives

ON THE RECORD26/ Solar specialist

Theodor Scheidegger, CEO, Solar & Hydro Division, Siemens Energy

COLUMN28/ The 3/11 aftermath

Shin Kai of the ARC Advisory Group on automation lessons learned from March 11

disasters in Japan

SECTOR REPORT 30/ Stricter mandates

Factors driving the produced water market in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC)

COUNTRY REPORT 32/ Post-LNG propects

Qatar’s economic diversification and World Cup infrastructure development will drive growth in

the country’s power and water sectors.

34/ THE HUBWorld’s longest superconductor cable projectMI alumnus in Forbes listSolar alchemyIntelligent water treatment

FORESIGHT36/The energy-agriculture connectUsing agriculture as the stepping stone to accelerate the shift towards renewable energy

ELECTRICAL REVIEW39/ Safe operationNew diagnostic tools for high voltage bushing

EVENTS54 / GalleryWFES 2012 highlights

PLUS56/ Marketplace58/ Tenders & Contracts61/ Classifieds62/ Events Watch

february2012

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The 2012 edition of World Future Energy Summit (WFES) was more compact and focussed than

its predecessor ones, which made navigation through the flurry of press conferences, one-to-ones meetings, seminar theatres and product launches a smoother affair. There was a strong United Nations (UN) contingent, with the UN Secretary General using the Summit platform to re-emphasise UN’s declaration of 2012 as ‘International Year of Sustainable Energy for All.’

The fifth edition of WFES coincided with the Eurozone crisis, which threatens to stall world recovery and once again, re-work industry and market dynamics in the global renewable energy sector. The most affected seems to be solar PV market in Europe, the largest in the world, where the combination of reduced subsidies and falling selling prices has, in the words of the European Photovoltaic Industry Association (EPIV) president, put the ‘the PV industry at crossroads.’ According to Bloomberg New Energy Finance, the most rapid growth will be seen in the rapidly developing economies of India, the Middle East, Africa and Latin America, with projected growth rates of 10-18% per year over the period 2010 to 2020.

A dosE of prAgmAtismBut the mood among the

renewable energy crowd is certainly more sober as euphoric assumptions of the pre-2009 days get revisited and revised, especially the ones about renewable energy being the cure of all our energy problems. The UN Secretary General’s agenda of sustainable energy for all by 2030 calls for doubling the share of renewable energy in the global energy mix. To ensure that this ambitious goal is realised, countries will have to substantially re-work their existing energy infrastructure to accommodate the variable nature of renewal energy outputs. The expansion of recoverable gas resource base, which in the words of International Energy Agency (IEA) is heralding the ‘Golden Age of Gas’ could throw up a new set of challenges. So government support will continue to be vital to sustain the renewable energy sector’s development in the years to come.

However, increasing the share of renewable energy in the energy mix is one thing; ensuring that energy, irrespective of its source, is used efficiently is another. That’s the challenge that the second pillar of UN’s energy for all agenda - doubling the rate of improvement in energy efficiency by 2030 –addresses.

Anoop

H2o-MW combines the bi-monthly legacies of two power and water industry thought leadership brands into a monthly edition that provides an unbeatable, 360 degree perspective of the Middle East & North Africa (MENA) region's utility and energy sectors. You can read the digital version of the print edition at:www.h2ome.net I www.megawhatme.com

PublisherDominic De Sousa

Associate PublisherLiam Williams • [email protected]

Chief Operations OfficerNadeem Hood

Editorial DirectorMelanie Mingas • [email protected]

EditorAnoop K Menon • [email protected]

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+971 55 8644831

Marketing and PR ExecutiveCarole McCarthy • [email protected]

DesignRebecca Teece • [email protected]

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Director - North America25 Kingsbridge Garden Cir. Suite 919

Mississauga, ON. Canada L5R [email protected]/fax: + 1 905 890 5031

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While the publishers have made every effort to ensure the accuracy of

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• February2012•4

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Is the estimated annual revenue from mobile phone services in Saudi Arabia; in comparison, the estimated annual revenue from power and water bills is only SR29.5 billion. These figures were shared by H.E. Abdullah Al-Hussayen, Saudi Arabia's Minister of Water & Electricity at a press conference in December last year, while observing that Saudis pay much more for mobile phone calls than for heavily subsidised water and electricity.

The number of projects to be implemented by Oman Electricity Transmission Company (OETC) between 2011 and 2016 as the company upgrades and builds

new facilities to cope with the sultanate's growth, reports Muscat Daily. Of these projects, 23 are scheduled to be completed by 2013, with 19 to be completed in 2014, nine in 2015 and the remaining five to be finished in 2016. The estimated expenditure for these projects is estimated to be RO237 million.

The completion rate of Abu Dhabi's first mega solar power generation plant, Shams 1, which is being constructed in Madinat Zayed in the

%65PERCENT

The number of solar desalination plants being constructed by Environment Agency-Abu Dhabi (EAD) across the Abu Dhabi emirate to support conservation of the endangered Arabian oryx. Each plant produces around 1,100 gallons/hour of desalinated water. The plants are being used to create watering holes for the oryxes as well as irrigate natural vegetation to create food and shelter for these animals. Of these, 22 are already functional.

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western region. The approximately 100 MW Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) plant is “progressing well,” said Bader Saeed Al Lamki, Director Masdar Carbon, in an interview with the UAE’s Khaleej Times newspaper on the sidelines of the World Future Energy Summit 2012. Shams 1 will be one of the largest CSP plants in the world, extending over an area of 2.5 km² with a solar field consisting of 768 parabolic trough collectors. Construction of the plant started during Q3 2010.

MIllIoN barrels per day (MBPD) is the 2012 global oil demand growth forecast

maintained unchanged by the Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) in its January Oil Market Report on the grounds that lower OECD consumption is likely to be offset by higher non-OECD demand. The International Energy Agency (IEA) cut its 2012 global oil demand growth forecast to 1.1 MBPD from earlier forecast of 1.3 MBPD due to the slowdown in Europe coupled with a milder winter forecast.

Of the global transport sector will continue to be fuelled by oil for the next 40 years due to strong demand growth from the heavy duty sector, shipping and air traffic. The World Energy

Council’s (WEC) ‘Global Transport Scenarios 2050’ report, presented at World Petroleum Congress in Doha in 2011, also noted that transport fuel demand during the period will come mainly from China and India, where demand will grow by 200% to 300%. In contrast, the same for developed world will drop by up to 20%, mainly due to increased efficiencies.

80%

£800billionIs the estimated global market for new nuclear build over the next 20-30 years, according to a report by the University of Manchester. The UK new nuclear build programme is estimated at £40 billion, with demand potential to support the rebalancing of the UK economy. Despite the repercussions from Fukushima, the nuclear new-build renaissance continues in countries such as China, India and the UK with 60 reactors under construction, 155 planned and a further 338 proposed. The report notes that with world supply chains of the very largest components, such as pressure vessels concentrated across two main players – France and Japan, there is an opportunity for UK to enter this market with the right level of investment.


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Riyadh to get its first rooftop solar plant

The King Abdullah Financial District (KAFD) will set up a solar rooftop plant in Riyadh on the roofs of parcels 5.07 and 5.08. The 200-kilowatt solar plant, the first

and largest rooftop plant in Riyadh, will be installed by Conergy and local partner Modern Times Technical Systems (MTTS). Over 800 Conergy PowerPlus 230M modules will be installed on nearly 1.7 kilometres of Conergy SunTop III mounting systems spread over 1,300 square metres. The plant’s 330 MWh annual output will be fed into Riyadh’s power grid via 14 string inverters. In 2010, Conergy erected the kingdom’s first rooftop solar plant at the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST).

KAUST’s 2MW rooftop solar plant

DEWA starts new water pipeline project

T he Dubai Electricity and Water Authority (DEWA) has started a project to supply, extend, test and commission a new main water pipeline made of

reinforced fiberglass. The new 900-mm and 1,200-mm pipeline will be 17 kilometres long and will cost over Dh96 million. The pipeline will extend from the main water pumping station at Al Quoz, passing the Camel Race Course road to Business Bay, between Al Doha Road and Al Khail Road and cater mainly to the Business Bay area.

Grohe honours SEDD officials

Grohe recently feted officials of Sharjah Economic Development Department (SEDD) in recognition of their joint efforts to fight counterfeiting of Grohe’s

products. The awards ceremony was attended by H.E. Ali Salim Al Mahmoud, Chairman of SEDD and Simon Shaya, Grohe’s General Manager and President at Grohe East Mediterranean, Middle East and Africa. During the awards ceremony, 49 SEDD employees were awarded with certificates and plaques. With the support of SEDD and Saba IP, Grohe managed to lead and conduct several raids in Sharjah resulting in the confiscation of over 21,000 counterfeit products in April 2011 and over 2,000 counterfeit products in September 2011.

Group photo after the ceremony

Kuwait to fund water projects in Lebanon

The Kuwait Fund for Arab Economic Development (KFAED) has signed a deal worth $37 million with Lebanese authorities for the setting up of a water

desalination project in the western Beqaa region, reports KUNA. The fund is also providing a $72 million loan for an irrigation project fed by the waters of the Litani River. The desalination project will provide drinking water to some 50 villages affected by water shortage in the Beqaa region. The Litani River project aims to provide potable water for between 330,000 and 340,000 residents and irrigate 15,000 hectares of agricultural land.

ABB wins $24-mn order from SEC

ABB has won a turnkey order worth $24 million from the Saudi Electricity Company (SEC) to strengthen the grid in the central region of Saudi Arabia. The

installation of a static var compensator (SVC) will provide reactive power support to mitigate voltage instabilities and help prevent black-outs. The order is expected to be completed by 2013.

Mott MacDonald bags Abu Dhabi infra project

Mott MacDonald has been appointed by the Abu Dhabi General Services Company (Musanada) to provide construction supervision services for the

infrastructure of Lot 3. This is one of four lots covering 9.6km² of the Dh7 billion South Shamkha development. Mott MacDonald will provide construction supervision for all infrastructures which includes 80 kilometres of road works, a 110-kilometre wastewater system, 90 kilometres of potable water networks, a power distribution system that includes a primary and secondary substation, a storm water drainage network and provision for a telecommunication network.


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roundupBlack & Veatch moves to new Dubai location

Black & Veatch has shifted its Dubai operations to a new location to support the company’s growth plan for the region. Dubai-based professionals from Black

& Veatch’s Energy, Water and Construction & Procurement divisions have relocated to the new operation in Dubai Internet City, which will serve as an operations base for planning and execution for professional services and engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) projects. Current energy projects where the company is involved include the 2X660 MW heavy fuel oil thermal power plant in Rabigh, Saudi Arabia; 430 MW and 15 MIGD RO Salalah Independent Water and Power Project in Oman and 2x150 tonne-per-day sulphur recovery plant project, Sohar Refinery, Oman. Current water projects include the $120 million Wadi Dayqah Water Supply Scheme in Oman and the Kuwait 8 B Sewerage scheme in Kuwait.

SIPS supports state-of-the-art pump project

SIPOS Aktorik’s actuators were deployed in a programmable valve technology pilot at a North Water Reclamation Facility. The new non-potable water

pumping station in Erie, Colorado distributes treated water from a storage reservoir to the town’s irrigation system and to Boulder Creek in the Rocky Mountains.

The optimised solution developed for the station by Pipestone Equipment minimises hydraulic transients during normal and emergency conditions with low head-loss ball valves controlled by SIPOS’ electric actuators.

SIPOS’ actuators were programmed to create linear acceleration and deceleration of water during normal pump operation. And, in the event of loss of electrical power, the actuators ensure rapid closure via back-up from an uninterruptible power supply. Linear flow rate change is also provided: this ensures minimum system transients and easy calibration/adjustment of the speed-time curve.

Another technically significant feature included combination of engineered pump control and surge anticipation valves that minimise hydraulic transients and extend the life of the system.

DaveBuchwald of Pipestone Equipment with SIPOS actuators at North Water pumping station

TECO Middle East sets up motor manufacturing facility

TECO Middle East, a joint venture between Taiwan’s TECO Electric & Machinery Co, Al-Quraishi Electrical Services of Saudi Arabia (AQESA), Shoaibi Group

and Al Ashjaea has inaugurated its first Medium and High Voltage electric motors manufacturing and servicing facility in the region. The 34,000 square metres facility is located in Dammam’s second industrial city and also includes a high voltage testing facility up to 30,000 HP. The facility will make induction motors in the 200-13,000 HP range, with an annual capacity of 600 units and will supply coils insulated by TECO-Westinghouse Thermalastic Epoxy Insulation.

Itron ranked top global supplier

The latest water meter market analysis report published by IMS Research has ranked Itron ranked number one in a number of market position estimates. The

World Market for Water Meters - 2011 Edition estimates Itron to enjoy top unit share position globally for a number of segments. Speaking to H20-Megawhat, an Itron spokesperson said the company was estimated to be the top supplier in total water meter unit shipments (10%), total water communication module shipments (25%) and total domestic water meter shipments (10%).

Veteran sets up energy consultancy

Cooling industry veteran Paul Saville has launched Saville Energy Consultancy, which will specialise in District Cooling and Turbine Inlet Air Cooling

(TIAC) consultancy and engineering services. His previous assignment was seconded as Technical Director to Stellar Group for Mas Energy - one of Stellar’s owners in the Middle East and North Africa region. Paul has a bachelor’s degree in Mechanical Engineering, is a Chartered Mechanical Engineer and is certified as a Eur. Ing. with FEANI. As managing director of Saville Energy Consultancy, he brings with him more than 30 years of global experience in the TIAC, District Energy, Refrigeration and Petrochemical industries. He can be contacted at: [email protected]


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intheregionEuropean investors plan solar hub in OmanTerra Nex and Middle East Best Select (MEBS) announce $2 billion investment in Oman spanning the solar value chain

Switzerland’s Terra Nex and Germany’s Middle East Best Select (MEBS) have announced plans for a $2 billion solar investment in Oman. This includes

a 400 MW solar photovoltaic (PV) plant, factories for manufacturing PV panels and aluminium frames for local and export markets and tie-ups with major international technology companies and universities with expertise in renewable energy education to develop the necessary human capital.

Shaikh Hilal bin Khalid bin Nasser al Maawali, the local partner of Terra Nex and MEBS, said: “This project touches so many aspects of Omani society - from economic growth to energy generation; from industrial diversification to education and jobs creation; from optimum utilisation of natural resources to technological innovation - the chance for exponential growth is all but definitive."

David Heimhofer, Chairman of Terra Nex and Managing Director of MEBS Group said the project will contribute towards achieving Oman’s target of meeting 10% of its energy needs from renewable energy resources by 2020.

Of the $2 billion investment, $600 million will be direct equity capital, with the rest covered by loans from European financiers. To finance the solar PV plant, MEBS has set up Solar Energy-Photovoltaik, a private investment fund with total initial investment of $200 million.

Further, Terra Nex and MEBS have agreed with Sheikh Hilal Al-Maawali, to offer 40% of the capital for public subscription in the future after not more than four years from the commencement of operations.

Siemens’ Solar and Hydro Division is poised to act as engineering, procurement and construction contractor for the PV plant.

The project is expected to create over 2,000 job opportunities for Omani nationals over diverse industrial sectors and services. In order to increase the skill sets of the local population to help service these new jobs, a well-known European University has proposed to set up an educational institution in the Sultanate that specialises in the field of renewable energy engineering. Additionally, Terra Nex is also proposing training opportunities for Omani youth with its German technology partners and suppliers.

MWH bags Qatar drainage master plan projectQatar’s Public Works Authority and MWH to develop Integrated Drainage Master Plan to support the country’s wet infrastructure and water resource planning.

MWH Global has been appointed by the Public Works Authority of Qatar (Ashghal) to develop an Integrated Drainage Master Plan for the country.

The Master Plan will provide an integrated decision framework for future investment into water and wastewater treatment, groundwater management, surface water and treated wastewater effluent infrastructure for the next 50 years.

The completed master plan will allow Ashghal to examine, interrogate and plan future wet infrastructure investment, while taking into account the ever changing demographics and wet infrastructure needs within Qatar.Ian Hutchinson, Middle East Operations Director for MWH said, “This win is the result of a fantastic global team effort, the Qatar master plan gives MWH the opportunity to showcase its experience and value at the planning stage of water resource projects where it can really make the greatest difference in the development of a country’s infrastructure.”

A core driver is Ashgal’s objective to embrace an integrated water management approach that brings together the planning and implementation of all water streams to create a state-of-the-art, sustainable infrastructure system upon which Qatar can continue to grow and prosper. The Master Plan will align itself with the main pillars of the Qatar National Vision 2030 and will study the whole water cycle in Qatar, bringing best global practice in sustainable water resources planning and management by working closely with major stakeholders in order to maximise water conservation and minimise wastage through an integrated approach to its management.

The project team will work closely with all stakeholders, from both the public and private sectors to consider Qatar’s short and long-term growth such that the wet infrastructure can be planned with confidence and certainty yet flexible enough to support mega events such as the 2022 FIFA World Cup. The plan will be the blueprint for striving towards providing the highest level of service 100% of the time, a key element of the customer charter.

MWH will also train and transfer all knowledge of the project to Ashgal staff including the use of the IT related tools so that updates to the Master Plan may be carried out periodically as and when required by the staff.The master plan study will be completed in 24 months. At a formative stage of the project PWA and MWH will investigate, study and implement various initiatives that will produce immediate and tangible benefits to the community.

18MONTHS

The timeframe for implementing the project


5-8 March 2012Park Hyatt Hotel, Saadiyat Island, Abu Dhabi, UAE

HOT TOPIC:Iraq and Egypt

Focus Day:Capitalise on project

opportunities

2012

H.E. Dr. Abdullah M. al-ShehriGovernorElectricity & Co-Generation Regulatory Authority (ECRA)

Abdulsattar al-RasheedChief Executive OfficerQatar Electricity & Water Company (QEWC)

Hamidullah SiddiquiPower Operation & Dispatch DepartmentTRANSCO

Moazzem Hossain Operational Planning & Studies,DepartmentAbu Dhabi Distribution Co. (ADDC)

Dr. Corrado SommarivaPresidentInternational Desalination Association (IDA)

Keith MillerPlanning & Studies DirectorAbu Dhabi Water and Electricity Company (ADWEC)

Jason Zhengrong LuSenior UnderwriterMultilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA)

Ahmed Bin Saif Al-MazrouyGeneral ManagerMajan Electricity Company, Oman

Ziad Hayek Secretary General Higher Council for Privatization

Andrew DellHead of Debt Capital Markets Global CapitalHSBC

What can you expect in 2012: Project information on UAE, KSA, Kuwait, Qatar, Oman and Bahrain – covering updates on financing, policy and regulation and how these impact new prospects

Hard-hitting interviews with recent entrants to the market on their experience and forecasts on how they see the future of the regional power and water sector

‘For and against’ debates about the successes of independent projects, the role of developers, international investors and Asian contractors

Guest speakers: leading experts and analysts covering facts & figures on how regional project development has impacted the global utilities market

Facilitated speed networking, evening reception, gala dinner and breakfast breifing - maximise your exposure to the region’s key decision-makers

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MegaWhat Ad01 APWS2012.indd 1 26/01/2012 3:40

DEWA expands water and power production capacityDuring 2011, DEWA achieved 18% increase in installed power and 21% increase in installed desalination capacities.

In 2011, Dubai Electricity and Water Authority (DEWA) increased its installed power generation capacity to 8,718 MW from 7,361 MW in 2010, an increase of

18.4%. For same period, the utility also increased its desalination capacity to 400 million gallons per day (MIGD) from 330 MIGD, an increase of 21.2%.

“DEWA’s recent achievements are in accord with the directives of H.H. Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Vice President and Prime Minister of the UAE and Ruler of Dubai, to promote Dubai’s pioneering position as a global hub for finance, business and tourism, and to enhance its infrastructure in all fields,” said H.E. Saeed Mohammed Al Tayer, MD and CEO of DEWA. “Power production has now reached 34,606 Gigawatts per hour (GWh), an increase of 2.6% compared to 33,742 GWh in 2010.”

DEWA has reported successes on other fronts too. Last year, at the Process Optimisation Forum 2011, the DEWA chief said that his organisation had deployed Lean Methodology to improve its customer service processes to the extent that it moved from 15th to second place in the Dubai Government Excellence Programme rankings within one year. DEWA’s network losses in 2010 were measured at 3.8% almost half that of top 10 European utilities, while minutes lost per customer per year was 8.7 in 2010 compared to 24 minutes in the top 10 EU percentile. Moreover, DEWA’s fuel utilisation rate was on par with top 10 European utilities. DEWA is currently implementing SAP Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) to measure, integrate and automate all operations.

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Power productionfor 2011 was 34,606 GWh

Leviton doubles sales operations in MEACompany sees significant business growth throughout the entire region

Leviton, a leading global manufacturer of electrical devices, has announced the expansion of the company’s Middle East and Africa (MEA) division. As

a direct response to the growing business demands in the region, Leviton has doubled its sales force in both the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and South Africa regions. Since the January 2009 establishment of the MEA regional headquarters in Dubai, Leviton has experienced unprecedented growth in its main two regional business units – Network Solutions and Lighting & Energy Solutions.

“The expansion in the midst of an otherwise challenging business climate, as witnessed in most regions of the world economy, is a testimonial to Leviton’s commitment to meeting the continuing demand for high quality product innovations and superior service that customers are accustomed to in this region,” said Ramzi Nassif, Managing Director of Leviton Middle East.

In line with increasing business opportunities and an expanding product portfolio, Leviton has strategically added key sales and technical personnel in major markets of the UAE, Riyadh and Jeddah in Saudi Arabia and Johannesburg in South Africa. In the coming months, the company will also hire sales staff for Qatar.

“We are very pleased with the addition of six new vital members to our regional team,” said Nassif. “We are confident that their expertise will help Leviton not only enhance our client services among existing and potential customers in the region, but also help us further position our brand strategy in the networking and lighting controls industries.”

NEWSFLASHPG24 - Q&A with Dr David Cartmell, CEO, BWA Water Additives

PG26 - Q&A Ted Scheidegger,CEO, Solar & Hydro Division, Siemens Energy

PG28 - What automation should learn from Japan's 3/11 disasters

PG39 - New diagnostic tools for high voltage bushing


Gulf Capital acquires 82.7% of Sakr EnergyInvestment capitalises on the increasing trend for temporary power in emerging markets

Private equity firm Gulf Capital has acquired 82.7% controlling stake in Sakr Energy Solutions (SES), a leading provider of temporary power generation in the

region. Since its formation, SES has successfully expanded its footprint to cover the UAE, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Yemen, Oman, and Tanzania.

Dr Karim El Solh, Chief Executive Officer, Gulf Capital, said: “The power sector represents a resilient and rapidly growing sector, not only in the MENA region, but also in South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. This investment follows our strategy of investing in defensive and fast growing sectors that benefit from the regional population growth, governmental infrastructure spending and rising GDP per capita. Our long-term goal for SES is to finance its expansion across the region and to position it as the premier provider of temporary power rental solutions in the Middle East and Africa."

SES is headquartered in Jebel Ali free zone, Dubai, UAE and was launched in July 2007 from the carve-out of the Middle Eastern assets of GE Energy Rentals (following its acquisition by Aggreko).

Walid Ishak, co-Founder of SES, said: "As SES embarks on an aggressive regional expansion, the funding and support of Gulf Capital will be instrumental in helping us achieve our ambitious expansion goals."

TOP 10 TRENDS IN EMEA UTILITIES INDUSTRY1. Smart meter installed base across EMEA will scale up to 71 million units2. Investments in Advanced Distribution Automation will accelerate in 20123. Growth of additional PV modules installation will decline in 20124. Demand Side participation will call for markets redesign in order to take off5. Proactive suppliers will take competitive advantage of rollout of smarter technologies6. Smart cities journey will evolve from concept to orchestrated actions7. Smart Grids vendors’ ecosystem turmoil will not stop8. Smart Grids end-to-end cyber security & data privacy will bring new forms of collaboration9. Smart Energy and Operational Excellence will both call for “Smarter Data”10. EMEA Utilities IT spending will reach $16.1 billion in 2012

Source: IDC Energy Insights

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WEG bags Outotec contractWEG to supply MV motors and transformers to the world’s largest sulphuric acid plant in Saudi Arabia

WEG Germany has won a major contract from Outotec, a global leader in sulphuric acid plant design and delivery to supply MV motors and transformers for

the world's largest sulphuric acid production facility, under construction at Ras Az Zawr in Saudi Arabia. WEG is supplying a total of 21 MV motors, including slip ring types up to 5200 kW, 24 WEG transformers, six liquid rheostat starters, and project management services to install and commission the package. To date WEG Germany has supplied 21 Medium Voltage motors - six MAW, six MGW and nine HGF type motors – to the project. The MGW and HGF type motors are used in the boiler feed water and circulation pumps of the plant, while the higher power (5,200kW) MAW units are slip ring motors that drive the main blowers in the plant. WEG decided to use slip ring motors controlled by liquid rheostat starters for this application as the blower inertia was large and starting current was an issue. With this set up, the customer can easily control the starting current of the blowers and at the same time, handle the very high torques involved. In addition to the motors and starters, a total of 24 WEG transformers are used to supply and condition electricity to all types of equipment across the plant.

The under-construction plant

at Ras Az Zawr

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Solving the GCC’s power woesGrid interconnection, unbundling and faster migration to renewable sources could plug the region’s power deficits, says A.T. Kearney study.

Countries in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) face the challenge of planning immediate capacity increases as well as building sustainable power

sources to meet soaring power needs, cautions A.T. Kearney. The global management consultancy has calculated in its new study that for every MWh shortfall in power supplied to key industries, the GCC suffers approximately $700,000 in lost revenue with corresponding drop in Gross Domestic Product (GDP). To improve the region’s power generation capacity, the study recommends development of renewable power sources, grid expansion across member states, unbundling and regulatory schemes.

Peak electricity demand in the GCC increased by more than 60% between 2003 and 2009 as usage rose from 47 GWp to 77 GWp. Over the next 20 years, demand will continue to grow as industrial and household consumption ramps up. The forecast for 2030 represents a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of seven per cent per year, which in comparison to the global rate of only 1.8 per cent per year, places the GCC among countries with fastest growing demand for electricity.

But the predominantly oil and gas-based electricity generation in the GCC is straining fossil fuel reserves and expanding an already high CO2 footprint. Additionally, using oil or gas as the primary source for domestic electricity consumption manifests a lost opportunity in monetising the export of oil and gas and their derivatives.

“Adding new conventional capacity is the typical approach. However, given that consumption of fossil resources in power generation is not economically sustainable, this is not a long-term solution,” said Louis Besland, partner at A.T. Kearney Middle East.

The study pinpointed inconsistent distribution as a key factor affecting the region’s ability to meet rising demand for electricity. At the granular level, there are pockets of over-capacity, like in Saudi Arabia and the UAE – in the latter case Abu Dhabi and Dubai have power, while Sharjah suffers from shortages. Kuwait, Oman, and Bahrain all experience power shortages at times of

peak demand. Qatar has solved the problem by building additional combined cycle gas turbine (CCGT) capacity in an impressively short period of time. José A Alberich, partner at A.T. Kearney Middle East elaborated: “The imbalances can be solved with interconnection capacity developments. Grid interconnection improves reliability, reserves pooling, load factors, and modulation capacity through interconnecting systems that have different load profiles and generation mixes. Improving inter-connection across borders brings transparency in contracting and use of available capacity, and yields additional benefits from harmonising technical procedures and balancing regimes.”

GCC countries have initiated steps towards an integrated Gulf grid to allow electricity exchange among the various nodes of the network in other neighbouring countries, and further developments are in the pipeline.

The focus on clean-tech and renewables-based power generation in the region is expected to strengthen as the pressure to comply with international environmental standards to reduce carbon footprint comes into play as part of membership to the World Trade Organisation (WTO).

A joint study by A.T Kearney, European Photovoltaic Industry Association (EPIA) and Alliance for Rural Electrification (ARE) has predicted that by 2020, solar photovoltaic (PV) will become a highly competitive source of electricity compared to all peak demand technologies, and may even outperform all other power generation technologies by 2030.

Given the GCC region has an obvious solar energy capacity advantage over western countries, A.T. Kearney expects that solar energy will increasingly become part of the regional energy mix, enabling the region to fulfil the soaring power needs needed to fuel economic development and private household demand.

“Faster migration and expanding renewable sources of generation capacity needed in the years ahead can contribute significantly to solving the problem of scarcity of natural gas and improve the carbon footprint. Governments and companies in other countries have already made the investment to bring solar technologies to an industrial level with utility scale installations, and the GCC countries can benefit from this,” said Alberich.

Middle East countries’ grid connection’


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atlargeGlobal natural gas consumption regains momentumRise in global consumption indicates renewed popularity of natural gas as an energy resource.

Driven by surging natural gas consumption in Asia and the United States, global use of the

form of fossil fuel rebounded 7.4 per cent from its 2009 slump to hit a record 111.9 trillion cubic feet in 2010, according to a new Vital Signs Online report from the Worldwatch Institute. This increase puts natural gas' share of total energy consumption at 23.8%, a reflection of new pipelines and natural gas terminals in many countries.

The world's largest incremental increase in natural gas use occurred in the United States, where low prices triggered a 1.3 trillion-cubic-feet increase to 24.1 trillion cubic feet, just over one-fifth of global natural gas consumption. But the Asia Pacific region experienced the strongest growth as a share of 2009 consumption levels, with China, India, South Korea, and Taiwan all experiencing demand growth of over 20%. China, which surpassed Japan in 2009 to become Asia's largest natural gas consumer, by and large led the region's growth spurt by consuming 3.9 trillion cubic feet, or 3.4 per cent of world usage.

The former Soviet Union, which experienced the largest regional decline in natural gas consumption in 2009, saw its demand bounce back by 6.8 per cent in 2010. Russia, the world's second largest natural gas consumer, single-handedly accounted for 70% of regional growth. In the European Union, natural gas consumption increased by 7.4 per cent; however, the EU's share of global natural gas consumption is on the decline. The Middle East, which is home to some of the richest natural gas resources in the world but lacks the proper infrastructure to facilitate much domestic consumption, saw a 6.2 per cent rise in natural gas demand.

Natural gas producers have responded to this revived demand with a 7.3 per cent boost in production. The United States maintained its position as the leading source of natural gas, accounting for just under one-fifth of the world's total production in 2010. In Russia, which holds nearly a quarter of the world's proved natural gas reserves, production jumped 11.6%. In the Middle East, growth in production of natural gas far outstripped that of consumption, rising by a full 13.2%. Last year, Qatar and Iran alone accounted for 29.4% of global proved reserves.

Reenergised global gas demand drove average prices up from their 2009 lows in nearly all markets. According to one index, the US saw a 13% price increase over 2009 levels. Prices remained the highest in Asia, where consumption increased most rapidly between 2009 and 2010. The European Union, where prices fell six per

cent, proved to be the exception to this trend, thanks to an excess of liquid natural gas originally intended for US markets.

Two major developments this year have significantly affected the stability of global natural gas markets. The political unrest brought about by the ‘Arab Spring’ slowed production in a number of gas-producing countries in North Africa. Additionally, the disaster at Japan's Fukushima Daiichi nuclear plant has led countries around the world to reconsider their dependence on nuclear power. "Natural gas is likely to play a major role in filling the gap left by idled and phased out nuclear plants," write report authors Saya Kitasei and Ayodeji Adebola. "The unanticipated spike in public opposition to nuclear power can only increase global natural gas demand in the coming decade."

Further highlights from the study include:• The share of global natural gas trade represented by liquefied natural gas (LNG) surpassed 30% in 2010 for the first time on record.• Russia maintained its status as the world's leading exporter of natural gas, accounting for 27.5% of global pipeline trade.• Gas flaring, or the burning of excess gas, is on the decline in Nigeria but remains a substantial environmental threat in many countries around the world. It is estimated that five per cent of global natural gas production is flared annually.

Rise in thedemand for natural gas in the Middle East

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Championing the gridWorld’s largest business softWare company is

playing an important role in turning europe’s smart grid vision into reality

Dr Maher Chebbo, Vice President, Utilities Industry EMEA, SAP believes that “smart grids will take

us to a place where utilities, service providers, devices and consumers are connected in an e-marketplace, a place where powerful data analysis can lower ecological footprints, reduce energy demand and help manage resources in closed loop systems.” Having been on top of important smart grid initiatives in the European Union (EU) since 2005, Chebbo surely knows his grid. He is Chairman of European Technology Platform (ETP) Smart Grids Working Group on Demand, Metering & Retail and Executive Committee member of the European Electricity Grid Initiative (EEGI).

The ETP Smart Grids forum currently is guided by the ambitious 2020 targets set down by the EU for GHG reductions, renewable energy and energy efficiency. “We started by asking ourselves how to optimise the entire energy value chain to reach the targets,” said Chhebbo. “Value chain optimisation didn’t exist in the energy industry because energy was seen as a commodity.”

Smart grids are already proving influential in Europe, with 211 projects up and running and investments totalling $6.7 billion to date. As a co-founder of the ETP Smart Grids, SAP has actively participated in the forum’s initiatives, from the launch of the vision document in 2006 to helping define its Strategic Research Agenda (SRA) in 2007 to launching the Strategic Deployment Document in 2008. In 2010, SAP joined the European Electricity Grid Initiative (EEGI). The software major will also participate in the new SRA, which has

an extended horizon of 2035.In terms of a specific smart grid agenda for the Middle East, Chebbo has three recommendations: first, the creation of a comprehensive road map for rollout of smart grids by 2020 as the first milestone, bringing together all the stakeholders – industry, researchers, academia and civil society – on a single smart grid platform; second, setting up a large smart grid lab in the region to test and demonstrate new technologies in realistic conditions and third, encouraging collaboration between the different countries in the region and between different regulators to push smart grids. Investing in the smart grid could also open up opportunities for the region to develop global technology champions like Europe has done, an example being Vestas of Denmark.

SAP has offered industry-specific software solutions to the energy sector since 1989. The software major delivered the first piece of its smart grid portfolio, an advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) solution in 2009, with version three launched last year.

“At SAP, we have a defined a full solution map for the smart grid,” said Chebbo. “We have come up with tailored solutions for transmission and distribution companies and for retailers too, incorporating requirements like demand side management and dynamic pricing. We have also developed a software prototype for electrical vehicle reserving, charging, and billing which is being tested in Germany.” Additionally, SAP is also participating in more than 15 strategic EU and national collaborative energy research projects. However,

the most significant smart grid announcement from the company last year was the launch of Smart Meter Analytics software, built on its HANA in-memory analytics platform. Smart Meter Analytics takes massive amounts of data churned out by smart meters, supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) and other sources and processes that in real time. Chebbo elaborated: “If you are metering end user consumption every 15 minutes, you are also generating huge amounts of data. Using HANA, you can turn that data into powerful insights. For example, you could calculate the impact on CO2 emissions if you asked customers to delay consumption by one hour during peak hour.”

However, to exploit the smart grid opportunity progress is needed on several fronts. These include a stable legislative environment, creating sufficient incentives for smart grid investment, codifying common standards for smart grid equipment, applications and services to ensure interoperability, strengthening the supply chain to meet the demands of roll outs, fine tuning the business model to justify the billions being invested and importantly, communicating the benefits.

by anoop K menon


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Scavenging energyA recent IDtechex report hAs AnAlyseD ongoIng

uses of energy hArvestIng In 31 countrIes

Energy harvesting is the use of ambient energy to provide electricity for small and or mobile equipment, whether electrical or electronic. According to a report

by IDTechEx, in 2011, $700 million was spent on the energy harvesting component itself, rising to just under $5 billion in 2021. The IDTechEx Energy Harvesting in Action report has identified the main ongoing uses of energy harvesting in the table. However, this is rapidly changing, mainly as more territories catch up with others in different aspects. For example, in energy harvesting for vehicles, Ford, Volvo, Volkswagen, BMW and others are now in extensive trials of energy harvesters for braking and capturing energy from heat.

The report observes that in terms of market value, variety of applications and number of devices, the consumer sector is biggest and will remain so for the next 10 years. Overall, the most popular harvesting technology is photovoltaic and its dominance is expected continue. China is the leading manufacturer of products employing energy harvesting by number and value, which is expected to remain unchanged into the foreseeable future.

Of the many types of energy harvesting employing electrodynamics, those capturing human energy are hugely successful. These include bicycle dynamos, wind-up radios and lights, kinetic wristwatches and miniature wind turbines. There is a second generation of energy harvesting where two technologies are combined, notably PV with electrodynamics in laptops, radio, phone chargers, rock fall monitors, cars and road furniture. This has been more successful than piezoelectrics or thermoelectrics but without the glamour. Totally new forms of PV and electrodynamics in use include non-silicon flexible PV in bags and apparel and electrodynamics in paving.

According to the report, while most suppliers of energy harvesting are small companies, in due course the industry is headed for a shakeout, where large and small niche suppliers will dominate with little in between. Also, energy harvesting market leaders have usually been down the technological dead ends and entered second and third generation. There is always a doubt in the minds of potential users when they see newer companies offering technologies abandoned by the leaders yet with no clear breakthrough to explain why they can succeed where others failed. Some

even offer what they can make rather than what is needed.By a big margin, the US spends far more on energy

harvesting products than any other country. Primarily, it takes the form of expenditure by NASA and the US Department of Defense, and the public buying consumer goods, all favouring PV.

The Energy Harvesting in Action report provides more than 160 case studies of energy harvesting in ongoing use in 31 countries. The number of case studies, given by application sector, are captured in the pie chart below.

Source: IDtechex report "energy harvesting in Action" www.IDTechEx.com/ehaction


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A summit to remember

Anoop K Menon suMs up the Key Activities And AnnounceMents At the World Future energy

suMMit (WFes) in Abu dhAbi lAst Month

The final visitor numbers are yet to be declared, but there was little doubt that the World Future Energy Summit (WFES) 2012, which completed its

fifth edition last month, is now firmly established in the global renewable energy events calendar. The pre-event numbers shared by the organisers speak for themselves – over 26,000 attendees 3,000 delegates, 650 exhibiting companies and 20 national pavilions. With 10 Arab states setting quotas for renewable power generation ranging between five and 42% and Europe experiencing a slump, the renewable energy industry's new mantra could well be 'Look Middle East.' Analysts estimate that delivering on the quotas will require a three-fold increase in renewable energy capacity across the MENA to at least 27,000 MW.

This year, the UN representation was fairly strong with International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) setting a busy agenda and the UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-Moon returning for second consecutive year to launch the International Year of Sustainable Energy for All. Chinese premier Wen Jiabao, who delivered the keynote during the opening ceremony, pointed out that that energy is the material basis of human civilisation and progress and indispensable to the development of modern society. Interestingly, he put energy efficiency first in list of do’s to address the “inequality caused by the issue of energy resources,” followed by clean energy, development of innovative energy technologies and energy security. He said that China’s energy consumption per GDP has fallen by about 20% between 2005 and 2010, and there are plans to cut energy and carbon intensities further. Kim Hwang-sik, Prime Minister, Republic of Korea, who delivered the second keynote, underscored that Korea invests two per cent of its GDP annually in green

technologies and aims to become the world’s fifth largest producer of green energy by 2030. In his keynote, Ban Ki-Moon called for an end to energy poverty, which deprives one person in five of access to modern electricity and makes three billion people rely on wood, coal, charcoal or animal waste for cooking and heating. He underlined the need for scaling up successful clean energy and energy-efficient technologies, encouraging innovations benefiting the developing world and partnering with the private sector. He also highlighted the three objectives to be achieved by 2030 under his Sustainable Energy for All Initiative, namely ensuring universal access to modern energy services to all the people around the world; doubling the rate in improvement of energy efficiency and doubling the share of renewable energy in the global energy mix.

Despite the emphasis on energy efficiency in the key note speeches, the launch of United Nations Industrial Development Organisation’s (UNIDO) flagship report, ‘Industrial Energy Efficiency for Sustainable Wealth Creation: Capturing environmental, economic and social dividends’ during WFES went relatively unnoticed. With energy-intensive manufacturing industry one of the cornerstones of the region’s economic diversification strategy, industrial energy efficiency is surely going to become a priority area in the years to come. The report argues that industrial energy efficiency is one of the most effective ways for keeping carbon emissions under check, thus providing environmental benefits, releasing resources for social inclusion programmes while improving the corporate bottom line.

On the plus side, the Zayed Future Energy Prize (ZFEP 2012) in the category of ‘Large Corporations’ went to Schneider Electric, which calls itself “the global specialist in energy management.” The award was received by Jean-Pascal Tricoire, President and CEO, Schneider Electric, whom I had the pleasure of interviewing at WFES 2011 and whose passionate espousal of energy efficiency left with you zero doubts on its merits. ZFEP also rewarded winners in the categories of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) & Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) and Lifetime Achievement awards for individuals who received a total prize fund of $4 million, which now includes a $500,000 prize that will be awarded to High Schools in 2013.

Projects updateOn the projects front, a total of 25 key renewable energy projects, with a combined value of $4 billion, participated in this year’s Project Village. Flagship projects included a 200 MW wind farm under development on the Gulf of Suez, led by Egypt’s New and Renewable Energy Authority, a 160 MW solar power plant in Morocco and $400 million Shams Ma’an PV power plant under way in Jordan. Exhibitor


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Conergy announced that it would be setting up a solar rooftop plant King Abdullah Financial District (KAFD) in Riyadh, while Masdar signed a MoU with the island kingdom of Tonga to build a 500 kw solar PV power plant in Vava’u Island. The PV plant, funded with a grant from Abu Dhabi Fund for Development (ADFD), will meet 13% of the pacific island country’s annual electricity demand while saving 180,000 litres of diesel fuel. MASDAR also announced that it will soon issue an RFP for a carbon capture usage and storage facility at Emirates Steel’s Mussafah facility, following the success of a joint pilot project with ADNOC using CO2 for Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) at onshore field. The planned facility will capture nearly 800,000 tonnes per annum CO2-rich stream, prior to emission from the Emirates Steel Phase 1 and Phase 2 lines and transfer that to a common compression and dehydration facility. The feed stream will be compressed into dense phase and delivered through a 50-kms pipeline network for injection in an onshore field, operated by Abu Dhabi Company for Onshore Oil Operations (ADCO).

New launchesEven as crystalline silicon PV manufacturers were congratulating themselves on gaining a deep cost differential advantage over their thin-film rivals, First Solar announced at WFES that it had set a new world record for cadmium-telluride (CdTe) PV solar module efficiency, achieving 14.4% total area efficiency. The achievement, announced by First Solar Chief Technology Officer Dave Eaglesham, came just six months after First Solar leapfrogged the world record for CdTe solar cell efficiency with a mark of 17.3%. If you can’t beat them on cost, beat them on efficiency seems to be the message here.

Other launches that turned a few heads include sustainable cooling technology for thermal power plants and a new technology to tap submarine springs. The sustainable cooling technology developed by Crystal Lagoons comprises of large crystalline lagoons that dissipate the heat through a closed cooling circuit. The use of copious volumes of seawater for cooling by thermal power plants creates significant environmental problems by destroying the marine life during intake and disrupting the ecosystem during the discharge of hot water into the sea. Nymphea Environnement, owned by the VINCI Group, Europe’s largest construction company, introduced its technology to tap submarine springs in the ocean. The company discovered a spring in Syria that has a flow of 5,000 litres of water per second, which can satisfy the consumption demand for a city of 1,000,000 persons. Another eye grabber was the Tokai Challenger, winner of the 2009 and 2011 World Solar Challenge, which made its Middle East debut at WFES. Equipped with Sharp-manufactured solar cells boasting the highest level of conversion efficiency in the world, the car, which has a top speed of 160 km/hr, has been designed and developed by students of Tokai University, Japan.

The three-day event also hosted two highly relevant concurrent sessions by The UN Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) and Emirates Green Building Council (EmiratesGBC). The FAO-organised round table discussed

how the food sector can tackle energy challenges to safeguard an energy and food-secure future in the context of climate change. There is justifiable concern that the current dependence of the food sector on fossil fuels may limit the sector's ability to meet global food demands. The challenge, says FAO, is to decouple food prices from fluctuating and rising fossil fuel prices. The organisation contends that an energy-smart approach, reducing energy losses related to food wastage, increased use of renewable energy, and improved access to modern and sustainable forms of energy along the agri-food chain, is crucial to achieving climate, energy and food security. EmiratesGBC’s ‘Focus Day’ discussed the importance of promoting energy efficiency measures in existing buildings.

End noteAt the plenary session, Technology Leaders in Future Energy – Insights from the Innovators, energy experts debated two key issues confronting decision makers: the cost competitiveness of renewable energy compared with fossil fuels, and the technological innovations needed to promote wider adoption of renewable energy sources. Andrew Beebe, COO of Suntech, the world’s largest producer of solar panels, said that cost-competitive utility-scale renewable energy was already within reach. “Ten years ago years ago we were saying stop talking in kilowatts and start talking in megawatts and people thought we were crazy. Today there is around 35-40 GW of capacity.” Arguing that the expansion of renewable energy should dovetail with the role of traditional oil and gas, he said: “I was explaining to my son all the great things we make from oil and gas – and he said, ‘Wow! So why do we burn it?’ We need to use oil and gas for the most valuable things. [The solar industry] has cut costs by 80% while the cost of oil has gone up four times.” Ben Kortlang, a partner with Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers observed that “from $10 per watt we’re now approaching one dollar per watt. [Renewable energies] will be enormous businesses in the next five years...” Jan Mrosik, CEO, Siemens Infrastructure & Cities Division Smart Grid advised that electricity grids should be capable of accepting the renewable energy influx, with the main challenge being balancing generation and the load. Charles Soothil, Senior Vice President Technology of Alstom, identified storage and distribution as key innovation challenges facing the renewable energy sector. Santiago Arias, Technical Director of Torresol, a joint venture between SENER of Spain and Masdar of Abu Dhabi, said the industry was already overcoming the intermittency challenges associated with renewable energy production. The company’s recently opened 20-MW Gemosolar facility in Andalusia is the world’s first solar power plant to produce electricity nearly 24 hours a day. The potential of renewable energy should not outweigh practical considerations, cautioned Kathy P Pepper, VP Middle East and Russia at ExxonMobil. While renewable energy technologies are “growing the fastest,” their contribution to the world’s energy needs would still amount to less than five percent. “We need a mix of energy sources: fossil fuels, nuclear and renewable energies,” she argued.


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Dr David Cartmell, CEO BWA Water Additives

BWA Water Additives has been developing some innovative technologies for desalination and sustainable water treatment in general. Now you are

under new ownership, could you tell us how that will affect the company?Our new owner - Berwind Corporation - is a ‘buy-and-hold’ investor. So BWA has a long-term home. We can now focus on our core activity, which is technology growth. We look forward to accelerated development of innovative technologies for the future that will result in many new and sustainable technologies for desalination, oil & gas and general industrial markets.

Despite the economic ups and downs, are the overall factors driving growth in speciality chemicals business largely intact or unchanged from say five years ago, when BWA first changed ownership?The answer would be yes. BWA Water Additives’ technologies fit into a ‘megatrend’ toward sustainable water treatment. New technologies are needed for a world population, which is expected to grow to nine billion people by 2050 from the seven billion today. We must have more and higher quality water. Industry will also require the accelerated use of more environmentally acceptable additives such as biodegradable polymers, especially in the

fast-growing oil and gas sector. The ups and downs of the world economy do not change these basic drivers.

You recently introduced a family of new technologies for sustainable water treatment. Could you elaborate on how these technologies are doing?BWA achieved a real technological breakthrough in 2011 in discovering the most highly-biodegradable yet totally effective antiscalant polymer ever, now available under the Belclene brand for scale control in industrial water. We have also launched the new Flocon 885 for reverse osmosis (RO) desalination, and are currently developing new biodegradable Belgard products for the desalination market and Bellasol products for the oil & gas sector.

Beyond the recently announced technologies, what do you see on the horizon in terms of technology advancements in water treatment? BWA sees macro-trends toward more environmentally acceptable products, and safer-to-handle products which improve the quality of water and its use. We have reshaped our portfolio development to focus on these trends and continue to invest in these products for the future.

As a company which has favoured R&D and technology development over manufacturing assets, would you like to elaborate on how that strategy has helped the company navigate times of plenty as well as the current times of uncertainty? How do you see the prospects in 2012? BWA has maintained its significant resource allocation to R&D over the past six years, far higher than what many of its peers in the industry have done. This focus on R&D has paid off for us and our customers in several big ways: first, BWA has led the way in biodegradable innovation as well as developing the first industrial biocidal active to be approved by the US EPA in approximately 10 years; second, BWA customers have benefited because we don’t rely on a specific manufacturing plant. Consequently, we never recommend “product X” because we are trying to ‘fill a plant’ somewhere. BWA is ‘plant – neutral’. We only recommend the best solution to solve the customer’s problem. We have access to 15–20 manufacturing plants around the world, so whatever the customer needs to solve the problem is what motivates our people; lastly, BWA has achieved better than average business results in our space through both good and tough times, which is probably the best measure of BWA’s successful strategy.

Where do you see the biggest challenge for the company in the near future?Our greatest challenge is to continue to develop sustainable water treatment technologies that meet the customers’ needs for more environmentally acceptable products, yet can still do the job.


The second MENA Water Leakage

Summit will once again bring together stakeholders from the region’s

water sector to explore and discuss current issues,best practices and regulations for

leakage reduction.

for a two-day summit packed with presentations, panel debates, workshops to learn

about the latest thinking and solutions in the water leakage domain from regional and

international experts.

Find out about practical approaches suited

celebrate achievements.

JOIN US

PLATINUM GOLD ASSOCIATE

SPONSORS

NOVEMBER - DUBAI, UAE

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Theodor (Ted) Scheidegger is the CeO Of sOlar & hydrO divisiOn Of siemens energy. the newly Created divisiOn

bundles siemens' aCtivities in the grOwth markets Of sOlar energy and hydrOpOwer and is alsO pursuing r&d Of

stOrage teChnOlOgies. priOr tO his Current rOle, sCheidegger held exeCutive pOsitiOns in variOus COmpanies, mOst reCently

as CeO Of sOvellO, One Of the leading integrated suppliers Of sOlar wafers, and sOlar Cells and mOdules.

Solar specialist

He spoke to Anoop K Menon at the sidelines of the World Future Energy Summit (WFES) 2011

in Abu Dhabi answering questions on the market status of different solar technologies, their role in driving the overall renewable energy market, areas where the Middle East can learn from the European experience, trends and plans for the region.

From your perch, how do you see the role of solar evolving in the renewable energy mix? Could you also tell us something about the broad trends within the solar market?

In my view, the share of renewable energy in the global energy mix will continue to grow. Solar will be the

fastest growing segment within the renewable energy sector, accounting for nearly 10% of the total capacity added in the power generation market in the medium term. Within solar, the race is between Photovoltaic (PV) and Concentrated Solar Plants (CSP) technologies; within PV, competition is now heating up between crystalline silicon and thin film technologies. I feel that the significant cost reductions achieved by the crystalline silicon industry poses a strong challenge to the thin film industry. Moreover, silicon-based technologies have a very strong track record in terms of proven performance, and with these cost

reductions, I don’t see thin film growing its share of the PV market to the extent projected.

In terms of emerging technologies that could capture a significant share but aren’t on the radar yet, I see a lot of opportunity in the CSP space. Siemens has a minority share in a company that has been able to achieve a world record in aperture efficiency. That's an area that I see as a technology best and poised to take a very interesting position. Of course, within the overall technology play, CSP hasn’t been able to demonstrate significant cost decreases like PV. However, in terms of the application environment, CSP is suited to areas where you can use the technology to boost other thermal-based applications such as combined cycle power plants; where you have the demand for energy storage directly linked with the generating facility, CSP can deliver energy storage solutions based on thermal power plants. So there will always be an application space for CSP. I can also see from our own operations that there is further cost down potential in CSP.

Will different solar technologies will develop their own niches?

I would re-phrase that because PV is already a mainstream technology. Some technologies will remain niche

before they manage to break into the mainstream. But I see coexistence

of various technologies as each has its particular area of application. Crystalline silicon has a stable performance track record and is a technology we use on a lot of our jobs.

From efficiency and cost standpoints, what can welook forward to?

At the PV system level, we have seen significant cost reductions over the past two years. In rough

numbers, if you go back three years to Germany, which is the world's largest PV market and where you were also achieving best in class costs due to economies of scale and experience, we have seen costs fall from € 3,300 – 3,500/kWp to €1,500 -1,800/kWp depending on the size of the system. Thus, costs have more or less halved.

In my opinion, we will continue to see cost reductions but not longer at that gradient. Going forward, I see cost reduction of 8-10% at the system level and cost reductions that reflect the long term experience curve. We had a bit of an irrational market pricing behaviour due to the over capacity situation on the PV side. On the CSP side, cost reductions haven’t been as significant or rapid as in PV because there is a lot of civil works involved and aspects like balance of plants need to be considered. But I see gradual and consistent cost reductions in CSP too going forward. A key technology driver for CSP is more efficient receivers, in terms of high absorption and low


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emissivity, aspects that Siemens is also working very hard to improve. Of course, we won’t be seeing great leaps; rather, we will see ongoing improvements and technology migrations. A potential game changer could be Concentrated Photovoltaic (CPV), which could take us forward in terms of cost per watt.

Has solar power reached a stage where it can compete with conventional power generation?

We can address this issue from two perspectives - from a consumer perspective, which is

retail grid parity and from a generation perspective, which is generation grid parity. In Germany, retail grid parity has nearly been achieved. But this is of questionable value because you are not taking into account things like dispatchability, availability of power and the whole grid cost. In terms of generation, some markets are coming close to achieving generation grid parity.

At Siemens, we are confident that in the mid-term, PV will achieve generation grid parity in certain markets where the energy infrastructure is based on less efficient, fossil-fuel based power generation. In countries in the sun-belt, where you have high solar radiation, and where you also have high share of, for example, oil-based power generation, PV can be quite competitive. This depends on environmental factors as well, but again, you have to address the challenge of dispatchability. The grid aspect is already taken care of because you are looking at central power plants.

What can emerging markets like the Middle East learn from Europe’s experience in building up a substantial renewable energy sector? Could you also comment the feed-in-tariff aspect which has lately been in the news?

A stable and predictable regulatory environment is extremely important because energy assets

are long term assets built to run for decades. So the owner requires an environment where conditions are stable, predictable and transparent. Second, it is important to have a grid infrastructure that allows the integration of renewable energy including a significantly growing share of decentralised power generation. At Siemens, we have smart grid offerings of the components we generally supply, like for example, switchgears capable of handling bi-directional flow of energy. We also support network operators in upgrading their grids. Creating solutions to integrate decentralised generating assets is a core competence of Siemens. We have a platform for distributed control, smart components and smart grid capabilities.

Regarding the feed in tariffs schemes in Europe, the story has positive as well as negative sides to it. There are interesting elements in the feed-in-tariff schemes rolled out in France, Germany and Ontario that, in my opinion, could serve as useful models for the Middle East too. But there are other topics that need to be fine tuned as well.

Have you come across examples where solar power plants are being developed without much handholding from the government or even independently?

The US solar power purchase agreement (PPA) market is a good example. In some countries

in South Europe, we are seeing PV systems being sold solely on the merit

of grid parity. In Italy, for example, you can size the system to your consumption. What will change is that in the past, the sizing of the system was for maximisation; but in the future, it will be for optimisation. This change from maximisation to optimisation will be a paradigm change.

What are your plans for the Middle East? What are the announcements in the pipeline from your division this year?

We have the capability to roll out small and large scale PV and CSP plants in the Middle

East. We are actively seeking and developing project opportunities. In addition to developing our existing customer relationships with utilities in the region, we are looking to work more closely with project developers.

You can expect announcements from us on CPV technology, on additional areas of activity like hybrid CSPs where we combine CSP plants with combined cycle power plants, something particularly relevant to the Middle East market. We are also currently working with partners on Integrated Solar Combined Cycle (ISCC) plants in the region.

At Siemens, we strongly believe that energy landscape of the future will need to be balanced. So PV plants will have to be balanced with other generating assets to provide, balance and manage power supply across the grid. In coming years, you will see announcements regarding the successful completion of such sites.

Could you also update us on your plans for energy storage?

Storage is an important part of the renewable energy solution. We have, in our portfolio,

pumped water storage through our joint venture Voith Hydro. While we see a cost leadership position here, the application is somewhat limited because of the severe restrictions on the size. But we are looking at innovative solutions for energy storage outside of the hydro area in electrical, chemical and thermal areas.

WE ARE CURRENTLY WORKING ON INTEGRATED SOLAR COMBINED CYCLE (ISCC) PROJECTS IN THE REGION


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The panels, held as a session at ARC Advisory Group’s 2011 Japan Forum in Tokyo, were jointly organised by ARC and the Society of Instrument and Control

Engineers (SICE). The goal of the participating engineers was to review their own notions of safety and control systems in an objective manner.

Not surprisingly, many of the discussions focused on the inadequacies of the process control and protective systems installed at the at Fukushima nuclear power plant. However, in most cases, the same lessons learned can also be applied to critical operations in any industrial plant or facility.

“Reinvent ourselves from scratch”Among the 200 attendees at the ARC Tokyo Forum were end-user engineers, integrators and contractors, automation suppliers, consultants, and researchers. Many of the plant-level engineers would not have been able to attend if ARC had held the event one month earlier.

Akira Nagashima, co-chairman of the SICE 50th anniversary project steering committee and moderator of the panel, opened the discussion by summarising its purpose: “I think there is a serious task we engineers must address before we think about how to rebuild Japan. Yes, the triggering event of this crisis was a 9.0-scale super earthquake; but we must admit that we engineers had

The 3/11 aftermathShin Kai of the ARC AdvisoRy GRoup on

AutomAtion lessons leARned fRom mARCh 11

disAsteRs in JApAnon July 22, 2011, fouR months AfteR the unpReCedented

eARthquAke And tsu-nAmi stRuCk the pACifiC CoAst side of eAsteRn JApAn, JApAnese enGineeRs fRom vARious pRoCess

And otheR industRies GAtheRed in tokyo to pARtiCipAte in A seRies of pAnel disCussions titled, ‘WhAt AutomAtion

should leARn fRom the 3/11 disAsteRs.’

underestimated the power of Mother Nature and thereby allowed a runaway chain reaction of accidents. The vulnerability of the artefacts and technologies we ourselves introduced made this crisis worse.”

Nagashima continued, “All engineers, whether involved in addressing this crisis or not, must stop and rethink what we have taken for granted. I believe this is a rare opportunity to review our own mindset and behaviours and re-invent ourselves from scratch.”

Protective control meets human beingsThe first panellist, Toshiaki Itoh, formerly of Mitsubishi Chemical and current SICE Fellow, took the approach of discussing entire plant system operations. He analysed the causes of the troubles in the Fukushima nuclear power plant from the viewpoint of instrument control engineering. Then, he pointed to irregularities of the accident by showing that fundamental protective control could not be enabled by ordinary steps or procedures. Because the tsunami washed out auxiliary power supply units and cooling systems abruptly, the risk level had not increased sequentially in Fukushima. “By its nature, current protective control is not enough to cope with such unpredictable events,” he said.


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From homogeneous to heterogeneousPresenting the control system suppliers’ viewpoint, the second panellist, Chi-aki Itoh, Yokogawa Electric, started his presentation with the premise that “science, or technology, is not almighty.”

He explained the evolution of control systems since the introduction of digital controllers in the late ’70s. The need to allocate computing resources flexibly and avoid the risk of system downtime spurred the growth of system decen-tralisation in the early ’80s. At the same time, the need for nonstop control system operations led to the profusion of redundant systems through the ’80s. System suppliers have continued to develop redundancy architectures, from duplex systems with redundant communications to the highly advanced controller architectures in which redundant CPU modules monitor each other continuously.

In addition, the industry nurtured a hierarchical safety system that stops plant operation in an orderly manner to minimise damage in an emergency. The safety system operates independent of the control system, which is designed to operate a plant in a stable manner.

But, noted Itoh, the limitations of both current redundant architectures and safety systems have been revealed. “We all saw the limitations of redundant architecture in an open system, in the troubles at the Fukushima nuclear power plant. We also faced the limitations of safety systems, because stopping the system is complicated and not safe, as was shown in the case of the nuclear plant.”

He then turned his remarks toward the common engineering of redundancy. “We must note that most redundancy technologies, including the ones used in heavy process industries, are more or less the same in nature.” He continued, “A typical plant control system is installed in an enclosure that has redundant power supplies sitting side by side. The prevalence of this design approach indicates that the safety mechanisms we have in mind will be effective only to the extent that they prevent accidents caused by the potential failure of the engineered product themselves.”

Itoh suggested that, “We now need to pursue a structural switch in redundant architecture, from homogeneous to heterogeneous, and need to add diversified technologies such as wireless communication systems and various kinds of sensors to measure open systems.”

These panel discussions were the first of their kind following the March 11 earthquake and tsunami. Attendees agreed that while natural disasters cannot be avoided; it would be a shame if we can’t learn and gain important insights from them.

the safety system operates independent of the controlsystem, which is designed to operate a plant in a stable manner

COUNTRY REPORT | UAE - Dubai

ON THE RECORD | Dr Jan Michael Mrosik, CEO, Siemens Smart Grid

PRODUCT FOCUS | * Valves * Transformers

FEATURE | Smart meters

ENERGY WORLD | Photovoltaic

TEST & MEASUREMENT | Locating cable faults

To advertise contact:Vedran [email protected] +971 55 8644831

To contribute contact:Anoop K Menonanoop@cpi-industry,con+ 971 50 2816075

COVER STORY | Power sector in the GCC

AUTOMATION | The integration factor (continued) - Process automation challenges in oil & gas sector. Perspectives from Aspentech, Siemens, Honeywell and Rockwell Automation

MARKET FOCUS | Desalination

tenders & projects, events diary and more.....

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producedwater

Stricter mandates An insight into the fActors driving the

produced wAter mArket in the gulf

cooperAtion council (gcc) region from

Frost & sullivan

A lArge Amount of wAter is generAted Along with oil, nAturAl gAs, shAle gAs, And coAl bed methAne during the

extrAction process. this wAter is cAlled produced wAter or formAtion wAter. produced wAter contAins contAminAnts

such As oil, greAse, orgAnics, suspended And dissolved pArticles, sAlts, heAvy metAls, And vArious other impurities.

This water needs to be treated before it can be disposed or used. Management options for

Produced Water include deep disposal wells, reinjection, and aquaculture, irrigation, and evaporation ponds. Produced Water, if disposed without proper treatment, can cause loss of aquatic life (if disposed in water sources such as oceans) and can contaminate ground water (if disposed into rivers, ponds, and ground). Frost & Sullivan gives an insight into the Produced Water Treatment and Management Market in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Region and highlights the factors affecting it in the present and future.

The management of Produced Water involves de-sanding and

solids removal, primary treatment, secondary treatment, tertiary treatment, pumping, and disposal. The extent of capital and operational expenditure involved in each of these steps is different for different regions and may vary widely even within the same region. This depends on the extent of water cut in the region and on the disposal options. The expenditure varies based on whether the disposal sites are onsite or offsite. But, the general steps are the same for any Produced Water Management process.

Supply chain structureContracts are given by the end users to Engineering, Procurement and

Construction (EPC) contractors. EPC contractors may then allocate sub-contractors to perform the various steps involved or they may undertake the entire project themselves. The equipment for Produced Water treatment and management operations is then ordered from a select list of eligible suppliers by the EPC contractors or sub-contractors. The EPC contractors and suppliers, in turn, may run the project on a Build, Own, Operate, and Transfer (BOOT) basis.

Drivers and restraintsThe regulatory requirements for Produced Water Disposal are getting more and more stringent. Forums like the Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the North-East Atlantic (OSPAR Convention), where the basic aim is to decrease the overall discharge, increase in management options, and stricter disposal requirements have significantly influenced the outlook of the Oil & Gas industry towards addressing environmental concerns. The Kuwait and the Barcelona Conventions legislations are followed in the Middle Eastern countries and as per these, the maximum oil content in disposed water should be less than 100 milligram per litre. The list (next page) highlights the key drivers and restraints affecting the Produced Water Market:


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Key insightsAt present, the average water cut in the Middle East from oil production is between 50-70% with only a few regions having higher water cut. The average water cut from natural gas production is less than 20% in the GCC region. Chart 2 shows the water-to-oil ratio in different GCC countries. In the last four years, the water-to-oil ratio in Oman increased from 6:1 to 8:1; this is estimated to increase to 9:1 by 2013.

Large amount of oil goes un-extracted along with treated Produced Water. Innovations such as Reed Bed Treatment method, implemented by Bauer Environmental Group in Oman,

have been able to extract excess oil with low energy requirements and the remaining water can be used for agriculture. Similar projects are now being carried out in the GCC region to enhance production efficiency. Market leaders in Produced Water treatment in the GCC include MI-Swaco, Siemens, and Veolia.

Recent trends in the GCC region focus on increasing production of oil & gas, keeping in view the growing demand. For instance, Abu Dhabi is implementing a long term plan to increase the production by 800,000 barrels per day (bpd) to 3.5 million bpd by 2018, from the existing production

of 2.7 million bpd. Saudi Arabia is developing the Manifa oilfield, which is expected to pump 900,000 bpd of heavy crude oil by 2014.

ConclusionIn recent years, organisations such as Produced Water Society and Produced Water Community have been set up in the GCC, consisting of business heads, engineers, scientists, and other industry experts. Their role is to create awareness about Produced Water management and meet the discharge and reinjection requirements of the industry and the environment.

There has been a broad-based consensus amongst all the stakeholders (petroleum industry, governments, and scientists alike) to move beyond the usual oil-in-water limits for produced water discharge and focus on other contaminants like dissolved organic components, heavy metals, and production chemicals, minimising their levels using the best available technology (BAT). So, in the context of varying oil prices, rising Lease Operating Expenses, stricter legislations, and achieving production efficiency, the importance of Produced Water Management is certain to rise in the coming years.

(The article was contributed by the Environmental and Building Technologies Practice, Frost & Sullivan. For more information, email [email protected])

IN THE LAST FOUR YEARS, THE WATER-TO-OIL RATIO IN OMAN INCREASED FROM 6:1 TO 8:1


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In the last few years, Qatar’s economy has been among the

fastest growIng In the world, wIth real gdP growIng at

23% cagr between 2003 and 2010, thanks to the strong

Performance of the lIQuefIed natural gas (lng) sector.

The world’s top LNG exporter is poised to report a real GDP growth of 16% if not more at

the close of this fiscal. But there is also a near unanimity of opinion among the financial community that 2012 will mark a significant inflection point for Qatar with bulk of LNG projects getting completed in 2011. The last major project sealed in 2011 was the Barzan Gas Project, the year’s largest project financing deal globally, according to Dealogic. When completed in 2015, the project will supply 1.4 billion cubic feet of sales/day of gas to meet Qatar's growing domestic energy demand. With the self-imposed moratorium on new gas projects expected to last until 2014, Qatar’s overall economic growth is expected to decline big time in 2012.

Qatar’s General Secretariat for Development Planning (GSDP) expects economic growth to drop sharply to 5.1 per cent in 2012, down from a projected 15% for 2011 due to receding hydrocarbon expansion. The Saudi American Bank Group (SAMBA), in its November 2011 economic bulletin, has forecasted growth to moderate to 5.5 per cent in 2012, while a Standard Chartered

Bank report projects the same at 5.9 per cent. However,

investment in the non-oil and gas sectors is expected to pick up

significantly in 2012 as the country gears up to host the FIFA 2022 World Cup. Standard Chartered puts the estimated project pipeline at $107 billion. But many of the larger projects related to the 2022 World Cup may commence only after 2015.

Qatar’s National Development Strategy (NDS) 2011-2016, which comes under Qatar National Vision (QNV) 2030, entails spending $225 billion over five years to upgrade Qatar’s infrastructure to accommodate the fast growing population and economy, support growth in the non-hydrocarbon sector, and lay the groundwork for future investments leading towards the 2022 World Cup. Roughly half of the $225 billion investment envisaged under NDS will be in the non-oil and gas sector. While the government will provide $95 billion, the rest is expected to come from the private sector.

According to a statement from Qatar's Minister of Economy and Finance in October, the country’s infrastructure spending is set to reach $150 billion in the next five years. While petroleum infrastructure spending is expected to be in the region of $30-40 billion. In December, Qatar successfully completed a $5 billion sovereign bond issue whose proceeds will be deployed in funding the infrastructure plans.

Based on data from MEED projects, several high value of projects are expected to be awarded in 2012-13. These include the Qatar integrated rail project, a light rail system in Doha that will interconnect with other rail projects, with an estimated contract value of over $20 billion; a $6 billion contract for the civil works for the

metro system in Doha; $3.5 billion for part of the Lusail development to the north of Doha; a $3 billion expansion of the integrated water and power plant at Ras Lafan; and $3 billion for phases three and four of the Musheireb project, a mixed-purpose development in the centre of Doha.

Water and power Qatar's power and water demand are expected to grow rapidly in the coming years as the country invests in energy-intensive industries like petrochemicals, fertilisers and metals and prepares to host the FIFA World Cup. According to Beltone Financial, Qatar is expected to spend $20 billion on power and water production over the next 10 years. "The hosting of the FIFA 2022 World Cup means that significant investments in infrastructure (transportation networks, roads, hotels, airport and other facilities) will be needed. Going forward, expectations are that electricity demand will continue to grow by at least 10% per annum for the next five to seven years and, subsequently, at around four per cent per annum until 2030.”

In February 2011, the Qatar General Electricity & Water Corporation (Kahramaa) announced a strategic development spend of $16.48 billion (QR69 billion) on the country’s electricity and water infrastructure over the next 10 years. This includes $8 billion (QR30 billion) outlay for electricity transmission & distribution networks and $6.4 billion (QR22 billion) for water networks. With the completion of the Ras Girtas IWPP in April 2011, Qatar’s electricity capacity now stands at 8,756 MW. The Ras Girtas plant will also produce 63 MIGD of desalinated water, which constitutes about 20% of the country’s water supply capacity. The

• February2012•

Qatar’s focus on economIc

dIversIfIcatIon and Infrastructure

develoPment Plans for 2022 fIfa world cuP

wIll drIve growth In the country’s Power and water sectors.

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commissioning of Ras Girtas marked the end of a major expansion capex plan for Qatar Electricity and Water Company (QEWC). According to Moody’s, the company has no need to fund either new investments or the construction of new plants given the current excess capacity in both electricity (around 35%) and water (around 23%) in Qatar. However, QEWC is reportedly looking at options for new desalination capacity at its existing power and water facilities as Kahramaa has projected a demand of over 400,000m3/day by 2016. Qatar has also embarked on a $2 billion mega reservoirs project in Doha to provide water security. Beltone Financial forecasts Qatar’s water demand to continue growing at 11% per annum for the next five to seven years. Qatar’s total water desalination capacity currently stands at 327 MIGD. According to Business Monitor International (BMI), by 2015 a new water facility, part of a 200MW/60 MIGD IWPP is also due to come on stream. Furthermore, BMI sees investment in wastewater treatment facilities boosting water availability over the next five years as treated wastewater output increases from 0.057 billion m3/year in 2011 to 0.065 m3/year by 2015.

In November 2011, Ashghal, the Public Works Authority of Qatar, awarded a contract for Programme Management Services to CH2M Hill on the approximately $3 billion (QR10 billion) Inner Doha Re-sewerage Implementation Strategy (IDRIS) programme. IDRIS, which will provide new municipal drainage and wastewater treatment facilities for the Doha South area, is scheduled for completion in 2019. The programme will include treated sewage effluent transfer mains and pumping stations to ensure that recycled water can be utilised for irrigation and non-potable purposes. The IDRIS programme will provide the final link in the long term wastewater treatment facilities for Doha. A new wastewater treatment plant at Doha North is under construction, extensions to the Doha West plant will be completed in 2012 and construction of a new treatment facility to the south of Doha will be

implemented by 2019. A tunnelled transfer scheme is envisaged to reduce the number of existing pumping stations. Further, Ashghal also awarded contracts as part of an $8 billion programme focusing on the construction and upgrade of local roads and drainage projects over a five-year period. The infrastructure upgrade programme covers the whole of Qatar, which has been divided into five geographical zones for the purpose. More recently, MWH Global was appointed Ashghal to develop an Integrated Drainage Master Plan for Qatar. The Master Plan will provide an integrated decision framework for future investment into water and wastewater treatment, groundwater management, surface water and treated wastewater effluent infrastructure for the next 50 years.

Industrial diversificationAlthough the greater part of Qatar’s natural gas production is exported, expanding the production of value added materials is now witnessing rapid growth. The launch of Qatar Fertiliser Company’s (QAFCO) QAFCO-5 expansion last year is expected to boost Qatar's annual petrochemical production to 19 million tonnes over the next few years. When the $3.2 billion project reaches its full production capacity in 2012, it will become the world's largest single-location producer of urea and ammonia, with an annual production of 4.3 million metric tonnes of urea and 3.8 million tonnes of ammonia. Qatar’s industrial diversification strategy is throwing up diverse opportunities for the power and water industries. Phil Fan, co-president of Tri-Tech Holding, whose subsidiary, Tri-Tech US was awarded a $8.3 million contract desalination contract by QAPCO for its utility plant at Mesaieed Industrial City pointed out that Qatar’s plans to invest in petrochemical value chain opens up opportunities for water and wastewater treatment and desalination companies. For example at Pearl GTL, the world’s largest source of gas-to-liquids (GTL) products at Ras Laffan, the 280,000 barrels/day industrial water

processing plant is billed as the world’s largest, recovering, treating and re-using all the industrial process water.

Food securityQatar’s plan to boost its food security is expected to impact the country’s water consumption in the long run. In September last year, Qatar’s Emir, Sheikh Hamad Bin Khalifa Al-Thani, issued a decree calling for a master plan to be ready by 2013 and for full food security to be reached within a decade. Under the master plan, Qatar plans to turn 45,000 hectares of its own land into farms to achieve self-sufficiency. The Qatar National Food Security Programme (QNFSP) plans to secure its agricultural water from desalination, while discontinuing groundwater extraction and recharging the aquifers with desalinated water. Such a strategy will enable the groundwater aquifers to act as reservoirs that will enhance Qatar’s water security. Furthermore, QNFSP will focus on measures to optimise irrigation and agricultural operations, as well as promote national water management. Interestingly, QNFSP does not plan to use Treated Sewage Effluent (TSE) for its agriculture other than for growing animal fodder.

Alternative energyQatar is also looking to diversify its energy supplies by the use of renewable energy sources of energy, and is exploring nuclear, solar and wind power options. In 2009, the country announced plans to launch a preliminary study into the viability of developing a nuclear power plant. In January 2011, Qatar also announced that it is seeking to construct a major new solar power plant at an investment of $1 billion. Additionally, Qatar has entered into cooperation agreements with France and Russia to work on R&D, the construction and operation of nuclear energy production and research reactors, radioisotope production and their use in industries, medicine and agriculture.


QNFSP DOES NOT PLAN TO USE TREATED SEWAGE EFFLUENT (TSE) FOR AGRICULTURE

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thehub

World’s longest superconductor cable

RWE Deutschland, Nexans and Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) have jointly launched 'AmpaCity'project, where a one kilometre high-

voltage cable connecting two transformer stations in the Ruhr city of Essen will be replaced with a superconductor solution. The project, which could herald a new dimension in the restructuring of inner-city networks, has staked claim to being the longest superconductor cable installation in the world.

The pilot was preceded by a detailed study headed by KIT to analyse the technical feasibility and economic efficiency of a superconductor solution at medium-voltage level. The study found that while copper medium-voltage cables could be used in inner-city areas to transmit power, their cost efficiency would be cancelled out by the much higher ohmic drop. Also, conventional medium-voltage cables for the Essen project would require much more routing space: instead of a single 10 kV superconductor cable, five copper cables would needed to be laid in parallel – often a largely impossible task given the limited space under the city streets.

The three-phase, concentric 10 kV cable for the Ruhr project will be produced by Nexans and is designed for a transmission capacity of 40 MW. This installation will also be the first to combine a superconducting cable with a resistive superconducting fault current limiter for overload protection. As part of this project, KIT will analyse suitable superconducting and insulating materials. The technical predominance of superconducting cables can be attributed to the material properties of the conductor. At temperatures of around 200°C, the material is transformed into an almost perfect electrical conductor being able to transport at least 100 times more electricity than copper. Despite the cooling jacket (liquid nitrogen), the compact design of the superconductor means that it can transport five times the electricity as a similarly sized copper cable and with much fewer electrical losses.

In order

to reach its ideal conducting temperature, the

superconducting cable is cooled with liquid nitrogen.

(Photo: Nexans)

Masdar Institute alumnus in Forbes list

An alumnus of Masdar Institute of Science and Technology’s Laboratory for Energy and Nano Sciences (LENS) has been included in the Forbes

30 ‘Under 30’ achievers list in the ‘clean energy’ category. Steven Meyers, who graduated in June 2011, was part of the LENS team under Dr Peter Armstrong, Associate Professor in Mechanical Engineering, which conducted research in thermal and optical modelling of the Beam Down Solar Thermal Plant at Masdar City. The 27-year old solar engineer is currently working for Saudi Aramco. His responsibilities include feasibility studies into the deployment of Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) and Concentrating Photovoltaic (CPV) systems in Saudi Arabia, along with resource assessment and site selection for solar thermal projects ranging from electricity generation and desalination to enhanced oil recovery (EOR) and district cooling.

Founded by Dr Matteo Chiesa, LENS focuses on nanoscale energy transport, conversion, and storage, and on the application of nanotechnology towards the development of novel power generation devices and/or systems based on renewable energy sources. In this respect, LENS provides novel approach and expertise to improve power generation devices and systems used within Masdar City and of interest to the Masdar Initiative. LENS belongs jointly to the programmes of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science at Masdar Institute. Since its inception, the LENS-men have already achieved several important milestones and recognitions.

Earlier, a fundamental study on nanoscale energy dissipation was chosen for its impact by the editorial board of the Nanotechnology journal to be part of a special edition that compiles and publishes the most relevant articles of 2011.The research group, led by Dr Chiesa, included Dr Sergio Santos of LENS, the leading author of the manuscript, and a group of collaborators including Dr Victor Barcons, Dr Joseph Font, Dr Albert Verdaguer and Dr Neil H Thomson from Spanish and British universities.Other scientists at Masdar Institute too have been featured in prominent industry and scientific publications. The prestigious 'Science' journal published a paper co-authored by a UAE-based scientist Dr Iyad Rahwan, Assistant Professor - Computing and Information Science, Masdar Institute.The Beam Down Solar Tower at Masdar City


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Intelligent water treatment

Universitat de València is designing intelligent wireless networks for optimising the operation of sewage treatment plants and desalination plants.

The Grup de Sistemes d’Informació i Comunicacions (Group of Information and Communication Systems, GSIC), part of the Robotics Institute of Universitat de València, is coordinating the three-year EU project called Hydrobionets. The goal of this €3.5 million project is to develop, for the first time in the world, an intelligent interconnected wireless network of biosensors capable of controlling bacterial activity to determine the ideal biocides injection and thus increase the efficiency of the water treatment. The new technology is expected to save 45% of desalinated water costs and reduce energy consumption by 74%.

Apart from Universitat de València, other participants in the project include the Centro Nacional de Microelectrónica from the Superior Council of Scientific Research (CSIC), several Swedish, Hungarian, Greek and British research centres, and Acciona Agua. The GSIC director and coordinator of Hydrobionets, Baltasar Berefull, explained that the main goal of the project is to “fundamentally increase the plants productivity and reduce its costs.” This would be achieved through higher durability of reverse osmosis’ membranes in the case of the desalination, and a higher durability of bioreactors in the sewage treatment plants and more accurate use of chemical products. A better management of the facilities will be achieved by enabling access and visualisation of different processes more efficiently, he added.

For more information, visit: http://www.hydrobionets.eu/index.phphttp://smagris3.uv.es/irtic/?q=es/info_grupo/gsic

Smart wireless networks can improve durability of bioreactors in sewage treatment plants

Solar alchemy

In many places of the world, water is highly polluted by organic chemicals from industrial wastes. Experiments carried out at the Institute of Physical Chemistry of

the Polish Academy of Sciences (IPC PAS) in Warsaw have demonstrated that the biomass can be successfully transformed into useful chemicals and fuel by using photocatalysts.

“Photocatalysts studied by us differ in many respects from traditional catalysts. They are activated by light, and the temperature has no significant effect here,” said Dr Juan Carlos Colmenares from IPC PAS in a press release issued by the Academy through alphagalileo. The reactions with participation of photocatalysts occur at good exposure to sun rays at temperature about 30 degrees centigrade and normal atmospheric pressure.

The photocatalysts studied at the IPC PAS are solids based on titanium dioxide, TiO2. The catalysed reaction occurs in liquid containing organic pollutants. After the reaction is completed, the catalyst can be isolated almost without losses and used again.

With titania-based photocatalysis, the researchers managed to produce carboxylic acids that are used, for example, in pharmaceutical and food industries. It is also possible to prepare a photocatalyst so as to have the reaction completed and yielding substances with the simplest structure such as hydrogen or carbon dioxide. The latter compound is undesirable and would require disposal; hydrogen, however, has excellent prospects as the fuel of the future.

“In this year we are going to attempt the first tests in the pilot biochemical photo-reactors at the University of Cordoba, Spain. The reactions will occur there in liquids with volumes measured in tens of litres,” said Colmenares while making clear that many tests and studies are to be carried out before the new technology gets disseminated.

Dr Juan Carlos Colmenaresfrom IPC PAS Warsaw at the research equipment used in the studies on photocatalysts. (Source: IPC PAS, Grzegorz Krzyżewski)


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Nicol-André Berdellé of Prototype-Creation on the need for accelerating the shift towards renewable energy and using agriculture as stepping stone

The amount of crude oil produced is dependent on the amount of effort put into its production. If production levels stay the same over a given period of time but

efforts increase, then productivity has actually decreased, which was what happened between 2005 and 2010 when upstream investments where doubled. This profound change in the energy equation demands an adjustment of all graphs describing oil production.

The trend of increased investment continues unabated. Capital spending on exploration and production will reach $406 billion in 2011, according to a study of 139 publicly traded oil & gas companies released in August 2011. (1)While other sources predict as much as $533 billion in 2011, (2) the starting point for the surge was $95 billion in 2000.(1)

Adjustment of the original graph was done by subtracting the input-energy required for production. The real input-energy, which cannot be calculated for practical reasons, is substituted by converting the annual investment into production volume in barrels. Though investments are usually not considered to affect current production volumes, they do belong to the real-time input/

Figures 1 & 2: The fact of Peak Oil has been hidden by an increase of upstream investments

output balance of the oil-industry.The rising cost of production is part of the graph.

Without it, the fall of the curve would be steeper because the energy equivalent of investments would be greater. Production costs were simplified to one USD each year. The negative impact of increasing production cost is nevertheless included in the graph because much likely production would have been higher with static cost, assuming there was a physical peaking. The industry specific rate of inflation (UCCI) does not affect the graph because this factor would reduce investments but with the same factor production cost and thereby, the amount of subtracted production.

Interpretation of the graph in terms of defining a date for Peak Oil is pointless considering the larger picture of resources within the world economy and the environmental degradation caused by the use of resources. Peak Oil as well as other dependent peaks like, “ecological water,” “non-renewable water” or even “Peak Soil” is a thing of the past (4) . What is important now is to understand the nature of its implications for Peak Agriculture.

Modern agriculture is an industry which converts fossil fuel and water into food including non-renewable fossil water reserves. It is connected to oil production just like the gas industry. Below is a chart showing the crossroads of global food production and population (5) to give an impression of what the decrease in resource availability holds in store.

Figures 3: Change in five-yearly growth rates in Total Food Energy production and Population 1961-2007

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Prototype Creation takes a different approach to reducing the use of fossil resources in dry land agriculture with the IBTS desalination greenhouse. The invention of this closed-loop system is equivalent to the invention of high efficiency solar-cells or a biogas power plant with unprecedented resource-productivity. Although embedded energy in food is not on the radar of consumers (and other base decision makers) as an alternative in the electrical energy sector, it is the same on many levels. It is different again, reminiscing that food-production is the beginning of any economy. All subsequent products and services are dependent on the uninterrupted functionality of food provision.

The Integrated Biotectural SystemIntegrated Biotectural System (IBTS) is a broadband solution for energy and water generation providing fresh water from a highly saturated greenhouse atmosphere by relying on solar power. The beauty of this utility lies not in only its appearance, but in the proximity and linkage of all the core elements of agriculture. None of the commodities have to be imported once the water and nutrient cycles are charged; on the contrary, the IBTS exhibits solar desalination as means of charging the internal freshwater cycle. The desalination feature continues to operate after requirements of the greenhouse are met to produce excess for export. The electrical energy requirement for the condensation of the humid air is below 1.8kwh/m³ a new efficiency record for desalination. The reason for this leap is integration.

The low efficiency of photosynthesis with ~4% inside the greenhouse can be compared to new solar-cells with 16% conversion of solar irradiation. Inside the IBTS, all plants act as water pumps and fine dispersers in addition to the generation of bio energy. Principally, they offer the same effect that energy intensive technology evaporation would offer. The height of this effect occurs in the morning, when solar irradiation and energy in the thermal storage of the IBTS are down.

A truthful perspectivePhotosynthesis is a process of converting sunlight into useful energy embedded in a perfectly optimised system. It is employed instead of cumbersome photovoltaic panels and associated technology in greenhouses. The peak efficiency of photosynthesis ranges between one per cent

and eight per cent but accumulates throughout the years of growth and adoption to the environment. Each leaf on a tree varies from the others with several dozen characteristics in its capability to harness and convert sunlight . (6) Overly high temperatures, which reduce the efficiency rates of photosynthesis, as well as solar-cells, do not occur above well-sized plantations. This valuable cooling effect is due to integrated “services” like sunlight reflection or day-time evaporation (from soil).

The peak efficiency of solar-cells ranges between eight per cent and 17%, but this is not the whole picture because they are high in investment compared to plantations. Life cycle assessment (LCA) studies state their Energy Pay Back Time or EPBT to lie between 1 to 4.5 years, (7,8,9) but the energy required to build the production plants is not accounted for. This would about double the time because the EPBT of plants is three to four times higher than that of modules (10).

Imagine that each unit of energy a PV module produces is actually three units of energy because it substitutes fossil energy sources that lose two thirds of their primary energy when converted to electrical energy. Without this assumption, the EPBT is about three times longer. In reality, the fossil resources were only used to generate the solar-cells. The power they generate is additional electricity. As the installed capacity of new solar plants increases each

THE PEAK EFFICIENCY OF SOLAR-CELLS RANGES BETWEEN 8- 17%, BUT THIS IS NOT THE WHOLE PICTURE


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foresightyear, their energy production does not even make up for the annual energy investments (all globally). (9)

On top of these differences, solar-cells forfeit up to 18% of efficiency when temperatures climb up to 85°C (11). Unfortunately high temperatures occur frequently in hot deserts. If all of this was not enough, solar-cells shed about 0.5 to one per cent of efficiency annually due to aging.

All of these facts put together in an LCA and compared to the range of synergetic effects in an integrated greenhouse draw a different picture on what is substantial for a smart, global energy economy - one that can sustain after various peaks in resource availability have been knocked down. According to ISO 14040, LCA has become just another tool for bleaching data in favour of an industrial point of view, not to talk about the high ranking that CO2 assessment has in the process, although higher CO2 levels in the atmosphere promote plant growth (12).

SummaryThe adjusted oil-production graph shows us the need for a revision of fundamental data and for an accelerated shift towards renewable energies. Agriculture is presented as the (new) stage for this acceleration. The IBTS is a potent solution for agriculture in desert areas because it relies on photosynthesis and is capable of generating its own freshwater. Integration - the key to efficiency, underlying Ecosystems and the IBTS, is illustrated by comparing photosynthesis to PV. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) for PV technologies is exposed for letting energy pay back times appear 6x shorter than they really are. The IBTS desalination greenhouse could become the loophole methodology filling the gap in the energy infrastructure of Arab countries.

REFERENCES:1. Global E&P CAPEX Review IHS Herold, 20102. Energy industry trends Review, Accenture, July 20113. Petroleum Monthly, The Energy Information Administration, Dec 20104. “Peak Water: Conceptual and Practical Limits to Freshwater Withdrawal and Use” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Gleick, P.H. and M. Palaniappan, June 2010 5. Global food production and consumption trends - an energy-based approach” The Crash Watcher, Oct 20116. Photosynthesis adaptations and adjustments to changes in light and temperature“ James Ehleringer, University of Utah – Global Change and Ecosystem Centre, Oct 20117. Environmental impacts of Crystalline Silicon Photovoltaic Module Production, Erik A. Alsema1, Mariska J. de Wild-Scholten, 20068. Rec produces first PV modules with one year energy payback time and leading low carbon footprint, Renewable Energy Corporation, Sep 20119. Standardised Life Cycle Assessment of Current Photovoltaic Technologies, Tim Bakhishev, May 200910. Considerations about Global Data on Payback Times of PV‐Installations, C Harder, June 201111. Reduced Temperature Dependence of high-concentration photovoltaic Solar Cell open-circuit voltage (Voc) at high concentration levels, Sewang Yoon, Vahan Garboushian, 199412. Interim Report - Terrestrial Plants and Soils, Craig D. Idso, Robert M. Carter, S. Fred Singer, Nongovernmental International Panel on Climate Change, Sep 2011

SOLAR-CELLS FORFEIT UP TO 18% OF EFFICIENCY WHEN TEMPERATURES CLIMB UP TO 85°C. UNFORTUNATELY HIGH TEMPERATURES OCCUR FREQUENTLY IN HOT DESERTS.


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electricalreviewSafe operation

New diagNostic tools for high

voltage bushiNg

dielectric respoNse measuremeNts iN the frequeNcy domaiN (fds) or iN the time domaiN (pdc) are applied to

traNsformer iNsulatioN to determiNe the water coNteNt iN the cellulose. these methods caN be applied also for

high voltage bushiNgs with good success. measuremeNt results of oil impregNated paper (oip), resiN impregNated

paper (rip) aNd resiN boNded paper (rbp) bushiNgs are preseNted for New aNd aged bushiNgs aNd limits for the assessmeNt are discussed. practical examples illustrate

the importaNce aNd the efficieNcy of capacitaNce aNd dissipatioN factor aNd particularly dielectric respoNse

measuremeNts oN high voltage bushiNgs.

By Michael Krüger, alexander Kraetge, Kay rethMeier, MarKus Pütter, lutz hulKa,

Michael Muhr & christof suMMereder

High voltage bushings are essential parts of power transformers, circuit breakers and of other power apparatus. More than 10% of all transformer failures

are caused by defective bushings. A bushing failure can damage a transformer completely. Therefore a regular diagnostic measurement is essential for a safe operation of transformers

Measurement of Dielectric lossesThe measurement of the capacitance and the dissipation or power factor is very common since many decades. It was performed at line frequency normally. Table 1 shows the 50/60Hz limits for DF/PF and Partial Discharges (PD) according to IEC 60137 and IEEE C57.19.01.

table 1: limits and typical df and pd values

Manually balanced bridges like the Schering bridge or transformer bridges were used in the first beginning. Later the balance of the bridge was automated by a

microprocessor. These solutions are good for measuring at certain frequencies. Modern electronics enable the measurement of the Dielectric Response of the insulation that means the measurement of losses over a wide frequency range. This delivers much more information about ageing, moisture and also faulty contacting of measuring taps and capacitive layers. The principle of a typical measurement circuit is shown in Figure 1.

figure 1: measurement circuit for automated dielectric response measurement

By multiplying the small measured current through the test object with the generated high voltage sin(ωt) and cos (ω t) signals and a digitally filtering of the 2ωt AC component, an excellent filtering of the line frequent noise with over 110dB can be realised. Modern instruments are using digital electronics and switched mode amplifiers for generating the test voltages [1]. In Figure 2 the bushings of a big power transformer are measured from 15-400Hz with the described system under heavy electromagnetic interference without any problems.


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Figure 2:On-site Dielectric Response measurement of HV bushings from 15 to 400Hz

Measurement of Dielectric response on new RIP, RBP and OIP bushingsIn Figure 3, the tan δ curves of new RIP, RBP and OIP high voltage bushings are shown. The frequency range is 15 to 400Hz, the test voltage is 2kV

Figure 3: Dielectric Response of new RIP, RBP and OIP bushings

The curves are rather flat; the minimum of the curves is below the lowest test frequency of 15Hz. The values at 50Hz are fulfilling the limits in Table 1. In Figure 4, a RIP bushing can be seen, which was stored outside without any protection of the oil side.

The non-protected oil side was getting humid during the months and the change of the tan delta can be seen clearly. The moisture increases the tan δ particularly at low frequencies, the minima of the tan δ curves are shifted to higher frequencies with increasing moisture content.

Figure 4: Dielectric Response of a RIP bushing exposed to moisture

Case studies of diagnostic measurements on RIP, RBP and OIP bushingsThe described measurement principle using frequencies between 15 and 400Hz was applied for diagnostic measurements on RIP, RBP and OIP bushings.

Diagnostic measurements on a RIP bushingNormally silicon type RIP bushings have a fibre glass tube which has two functions: it gives the mechanical stability and prohibits that moisture can get into the resin active part. In the 80s some manufactures made bushings up to 245kV without such fibre glass tubes. The silicon was directly put on the resin active part. On those bushings water can diffuse into the active part from outside over the years. This can cause a breakdown of the bushing. In Figure 5, the blue curve shows a measurement on a bushing of the described design with high moisture in the active part whereas the red curve is the result of the same kind of bushing without moisture. At low frequencies the differences are most obvious.

Figure 5: RIP bushings without fibre glass tube

normally silicon type rip bushings have a Fibre glass tube which has two Functions.

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Diagnostic measurements on a RBP bushingA Resin Bonded Paper 123 kV bushing showed a conspicuous Dielectric Response (Figure 6, red curve, phase C). The blue curves was measured on the A phase bushing.

The strong increase of the tan δ curve for high frequencies is obvious. The bushings were tested afterwards at line frequency and voltages between 2 and 12kV (Figure 7). In this diagram the tan δ curve starts with rather high losses and goes down for higher test voltages.

This behaviour is known for bad contacts either on the measuring tap or on the contacting of capacitive layers. The bushing was removed from the transformer and dissembled. The measuring tap was well contacted but the inner capacitive layer had no contact to the conductor tube.

Figure 7: Bad contact of the inner capacitive layer

Bad contacts can rise the inner insulation temperature. So the exchange of the bushing was the right decision.

Diagnostic Measurements on OIP bushings33kV OIP bushings were exchanged because the tan δ was high at high temperatures. It was assumed that the inner insulation of the bushings was wet.Figure 8 shows the DF of

OIP bushings at 50Hz for different water contents as f (T) [2].

Figure 8: Different moisture: tan δ (T) at 50Hz

The new and the old bushings were tested at 30°C from 15 to 400Hz. High differences could be measured particularly at low frequencies (Figure 9).

Figure 9: Different moisture: tan δ (f ) at 30°C

This example shows very clearly that the tan δ measurement at low frequencies can detect water with high sensitivity.

FDS and PDC measurements on bushingsThe measurement of losses can be done in the frequency domain FDS (Frequency Domain Spectroscopy) or in the time domain PDC (Polarisation Depolarisation Current). The data can be transformed from the time domain into the frequency domain and vice versa. The FDS measurement covers the whole frequency range from high frequencies down to very low frequencies, but measurements at low frequency need a long measuring time, whereas the PDC is much faster but can only measure up to about 1Hz.

A new approach uses the advantage of both methods and measures the frequencies from 5kHz down to 0.1 Hz with the FDS and 0.1Hz down to 1mHz or even lower with the PDC. The PDC data are transformed into the frequency domain and showed as tangent delta values [3].

Figure 10 shows the principle of the combined FDS-PDC measurement and Figure 11 the Dielectric Response

THE MEASUREMENT OF LOSSES CAN BE DONE IN THE FREQUENCY DOMAIN FDS OR IN THE TIME DOMAIN PDC

Figure 6: Conspicuous Dielectric Response from a RBP bushing

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Figure 10: Combined PDC-FDS measurement

Figure 11: Combined FDS-PDC measurement on a RIP bushing with an Aluminium shield for interference protection

Figure 12: FDS-PDC results for RBP, RIP and OIP bushings.

In Figure 12 typical FDS-PDC results for RBP, RIP and OIP bushings are shown [4]. The temperature influences the results. With increasing temperature the losses at very low frequencies are increased, whereas the losses at higher frequencies are getting lower and the minimum of the loss curve is shifted to the higher frequencies. This has to be taken into account if FDS-PDC results are compared. The measurement in Figure 13 was performed on a RIP bushing.

Figure 13: Temperature influence on FDS-PDC curves

Experiments with a RIP bushingA RIP bushing was exposed to different moisture and temperature in a climate chamber. The experiment was started at 20°C and 38% Relative Humidity (RH). The second day the bushing was heated up to 70°C with a RH of 10% (green curve in Figure 14). The next days the bushing was exposed to high RH up to 80% at 70°C. After the ninth day the pink curve was measured at 80% RH and 70°C. On the 10th day the moisture was reduced to 10% again. The red curve was measured during the 12th day with 10% RH at 70°C. The moisture still stays in the resin surface. A last measurement was made on the 13th day. The tan δ values for frequencies above 10Hz are more or less identical, whereas the values at low frequencies still show the evidence of moisture.

Analyser (DIRANA) with the measurement arrangement. The bushing is shielded with an Aluminium tube to reduce the interference because the measured currents for RIP and OIP bushings can go down to values below 1pA.

Figure 14: RIP bushing at different moisture


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Figure 15: RIP bushing after 13 days

Drying of RBP and RIP BushingsThe bushings come normally in a wooden box with some Silicagel in a small bag. A lot of bushings are stored in those boxes for many years, some of them in a humid environment. The bushing is protected against penetrating water on the outdoor side, but on the oil side they are not protected. On this side the resin surface can be damaged by incoming water. In Figure 16, the difference between a proper resin surface and a surface which is damaged by water is shown. If the bushing shows a surface like the left hand side of Figure 16 the bushing shouldn’t be used again, even after drying, because in the bright areas is air which causes partial discharges.

(left) Figure 16: Resin surface damaged by water

Bushings with those damaged surfaces shouldn't be used again [5].

Case Studies of drying on RBPand RIP Bushings145kV RBP oil-oil bushingThe 145kV RBP bushing shown in Figure 17 was stored in the original box in a cavern for 30 years. The 50Hz tan δ value was 30%! The bushing was additionally measured with FDS-PDC (Figure 18). An experiment was carried through with drying this bushing in an oven at 80°C for 12 weeks. The result can be seen in figure 19.

(right) Figure 17: Wrongly stored RBP bushing

Figure 18: FFS-PDC measurement on the 145kV bushing

Figure 19: 145kV RBP bushing before and after drying

After the drying period of 12 weeks the measurement still shows a tan δ value of more than 20%. Bushings with such high tan δ values can't be used again.

45kV RBP oil-air bushingsAlso these bushings were stored in the original wooden box. Figure 20 shows the FDS-PDC measurement results on three non dried bushings and one that was dried in an oven for one week.

Figure 20: Drying of 45kV RBP bushings

THE BUSHING IS PROTECTED AGAINST PENETRATING WATER ON THE OUTDOOR SIDE, BUT NOT ON THE OIL SIDE


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electricalreviewBy drying the one bushing a clear improvement can be seen. The 50Hz tan δ value went from more than two per cent down to 0.66% which is acceptable.

145kV RBP oil-air bushingA 145kV oil-air bushing was dried in an oven for 12 weeks at 80°C. Figure 21 shows the results before and after drying.

The 50Hz tan δ value was reduced from 2.2% before to 1.1% after drying. This value is still rather high. A Partial Discharge PD measurement was performed to check, if there were cracks in the resin due to the drying procedure (Figure 22).

Figure 21: Dielectric Response before and after drying

Figure 22:Shows the PD instrument and the Quadrupole connected to the measuring tap of thebushing

First a PD measurement was made without using the 3 Centre Frequency Relation Diagram (3CFRD). The sum of all PD signals can be seen in Figure 23. This way a pattern recognition is impossible.

With the 3CFRD PD measurements are done simultaneously at three different centre frequencies, in this case at 500kHz, 2.8MHz and 8MHz. With this technique PD signals from different PD sources can be separated from each other and from interference coming from outside (Figures 24 and 25). This way also the PD intensity of the single PD sources can be measured. Due to the high tan δ values and the high PD intensity of more than 1nC is was decided not to use this bushing any more.

Figure 23: PD measurement without 3CFRD

Table 2: Typical dissipation factor limits for RIP, OIP and RBP bushings at 15Hz, 50/60Hz and 400Hz. Maximum test voltage should be and 2kV

Figure 24: 3CFRD (3 Centre Frequency Relation Diagram)

Figure 25: Separation of PD sources with 3CFRD


Limits for the dissipatoon factor at different frequenciesIn Table 1 limits and typical values for the dissipation factor are shown for 50/60Hz. The measurement of the dissipation factor at other frequencies should become a standard. Low frequency results (e.g. 15Hz) allow for a very sensitive moisture assessment, measurements at high frequencies (e.g. 400Hz) allow a very sensitive detection of contact problems at the measuring tap or at the innermost layer connection or of high resistive partial break downs between grading layers. The table two shows typical limits for new and aged bushings at different frequencies. All tests were done with test voltages of 2kV maximum.Table 2: Typical dissipation factor limits for RIP, OIP and RBP bushings at 15Hz, 50/60Hz and 400Hz. Maximum test voltage should be and 2kV

SummaryModern technologies enable a very effective diagnostic of high voltage bushings. The Dielectric Spectroscopy is a very promising method to detect ageing and water in the insulation with high sensitivity. With the 3CFRD PD technology also single PD faults can be analysed and a much better analysis of PD faults is possible.

About the AuthorsM. Krüger, A. Kraetge, M. Koch, K.Rethmeier, M. Pütter, and L. Hulka are with OMICRON Energy, Klaus, Austria.

M Muhr and C Summereder are with TU Graz, Austria.

REFERENCES[1] Hensler, Th., Kaufmann, R., Klapper, U., Krüger, M., Schreiner: S., 2003, "Portable testing device", US Patent 6608493[2] ABB, "Dissipation factor over the main insulation on high voltage bushings", product information, ABB 2002[3] H. Borsi, E. Gockenbach, M. Krüger "Method and apparatus for measuring a dielectric response of an electrical insulating system" US2006279292[4] Muhr, M., Summereder, C., Weingärtner, M.: Diagnose von Durchführungen mit Hilfe von frequenzabhängigen Verlustfaktormessungen, OMICRON transformer conference, Bregenz, Austria, 2007[5] Frei, K., Koch, N.: Zustandsbeurteilung von Durchführungen im Praxiseinsatz, OMICRON transformer conference, Bregenz, Austria, 2007

with the 3cfrd pd technology a much better analysis of pd faults is possible

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energyworldThe integration factor

The highly inTegraTed upsTream and downsTream

invesTmenTs in The gulf region have Thrown up Their own seT of challenges for

process auTomaTion vendors

By Anoop K Menon

Motivated by high oil prices and rapidly growing demand, the Gulf Cooperation Council

(GCC) countries have been heavily investing in oil & gas upstream projects. The UAE is planning to pump nearly $98 billion into hydrocarbon projects to expand its crude output and develop its gas industry. Saudi Arabia’s planned investment of $215 billion accounts for more than 60% of the GCC’s total hydrocarbon projects.

But it’s not an upstream story throughout, with the downstream petrochemical sector too attracting investments that seek to leverage the region’s inherent infrastructure and feedstock advantages as well as geographical proximity to the fast growing markets of Asia, especially China and India. According to an AT Kearney study, expanding local manufacturing capacity downstream presents the region’s industry with benefits in three key areas: opportunities to maintain growth, capture further value and make a meaningful contribution to creating job placements for a young growing population. Another study by the Diplomatic Centre for Strategic Studies projects $50 billion of investments flowing into the region’s petrochemical sector over the next five years.

The massive investment outlays

for both upstream and downstream have process automation vendors excited about the opportunities that sometime go beyond their traditional mandate of improving operational efficiencies, process optimisation, supply chain management, safety and environment. The dominant industry trend is value maximisation - maximising revenues from upstream oil and gas and adding value downstream. In upstream, the major challenge is to maximise and replace output from onshore and offshore fields that are maturing to protect revenues and investments and address geological uncertainties; downstream, the key challenge is tighter integration of the process and information streams in the integrated refining-petrochemical complexes, both vertically and horizontally, to get a better grip on cyclical product markets, and also address energy costs and strict safety and environmental regulations.

So how are leading players in the process automation industry gearing up to address the opportunities in the region’s oil & gas market?

Emerson’s way “There are unique challenges in oil & gas industry because of its

size, volume and criticality,” says Andrew Dennant, Marketing Director – Middle East & Africa, Emerson Process Management. “I think what we are seeing in the region is the importance of getting closer to the process.” From reservoir modelling to well-head pressure and temperature monitoring equipment to custody transfer measurement systems at the processing level to complex control systems for the midstream, Emerson Process claims to offer the broadest range of products and solutions for the oil & gas industry.

“The ability to model a complex field in record time to un-paralleled accuracy is hugely important to an upstream client,” said Dennant. Emerson’s Roxar Downhole Flow Sensor System, for example, takes multiphase measurement downhole to provide full multiphase measurements, including fluid fractions and flow rates, from either single bore or multilateral well configurations and helps operators increase field recovery. Dennant points out that the real-time down hole measurements can be linked back to a dynamic model, which can be rebuilt on the fly. “All your Deltas get dramatically shrunk because all the assumptions go, and the dynamic model is always being optimised,”


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he explained. “So when you are deciding where to put the injection or the production wells, you can do that much more efficiently. Again, if you get a slug flow coming up the line, and you measure that in the reservoir, if you get the data back in the control loop fast enough, you can close the chock down before there is significant impact downstream.”

Above the well, the big game changer is wireless. “Pretty much all of the measurements historically done through wires can now be done wirelessly,” said Dennant. “In the Gulf region, I have seen wireless retrofits in the oil-fields double production in a matter of months. Moreover, wireless enables far quicker implementations with payback period measured in days.” His favourite example is of a customer in Qatar who rang in on a Thursday afternoon wanting to put in a system to measure pressure across the strainers before commissioning in the shortest possible time. Seven days later they were measuring differential pressure across strainers in their control room. “With wires, you could never install them that quickly,” said Dennant. “We can get in data much faster while experts have more data in front of them to make better decisions. Depending on the application, nearly 2/5th of all the points can be wireless. When you take out 2/5th of the wiring infrastructure, the impact on schedule and cost is huge.”

He pointed out while 4-20mA is synonymous with safety, Fieldbus is preferred for fast acting control applications due to time-saving and diagnostic benefits. However, for everything else from slow control to monitoring, wireless is the best option today.

On the wiring front, Emerson Process Management’s trump card is the concept of I/O on Demand, which takes pain out of wiring and marshalling. Dennant explained, “We took the functionality of the I/O card on a per channel basis and put it in the junction box so you have only one set of fibres going back. The economics is clear because there is a huge amount of things you don’t have to do, while you benefit from gains in schedule and quality. You can order automation much later in the cycle,

which makes a huge difference to the schedule.”

While actual savings depend on the size and distribution of the project, Dennant believes that it is possible to compress the typical schedule by at least by 20% to 25% on the systems side of the project.

Emerson is also proud of its leadership in the field of intelligent instruments. “We believe that if you don’t have the intelligence in the device, you cannot make the right decision,” said Dennant. “Also, when things go wrong, we help ensure that the right decision is made by the right people.” For example, a valve controller, while running, will work out if there is a problem with the valve from the way the response changes over time and give an alert if there is a problem. So if a utilities valve, which has no real operational impact, starts to degrade in performance, a message is sent to the maintenance team. But in the case of a control valve, which is critical to the process, the message will be sent to both the operator and also the maintenance. Moreover, Emerson also helps to link the problem with the device into an IBM Maximo or an SAP ERP system, where the former will raise the work order to get the problematic device replaced while the latter will initiate the paperwork to order a new temperature sensor. “This frees you to go and fix the problem instead of getting hit with paperwork. With the diagnostics, you know what the problem is,” noted Dennant.

However, as the devices get more intelligent and as engineers build them, reams of complex material are generated. But most of the people who use this aren't engineers. Emerson’s answer to this conundrum is something called Human-Centred Design (HCD). “With careful design, it is possible to address about 2/3rds of the tasks you normally want to do with the device - know if it is healthy, is it connected, what’s the value - on the first screen you see,” explained Dennant. “There are also wizards to help with other things. We are extending Human-Centred Design to everything we do. We are trying very hard to make it easy for customers to do what they want to do.”

Linking the above to prevention

of failures, Dennant pointed out most failures nowadays originate in people not in devices. When people become used to things not failing, it becomes a habit, which can become a problem when things fail. So they have to know what to do and that information has to be provided as quickly as possible, which has a huge impact on quality and economics.

However, getting information around failures is one aspect; what about getting information around when things are apparently going well like control variability? Users are often unable to properly maintain each of the hundreds of control loops and instruments in their facilities. For example, an average control engineer is responsible for 200-300 control loops. In the past, if he wanted to tune those loops, he would have to go out and do it himself, a complicated and difficult job. Enter adaptive tuning, which dynamically tunes a control loop on the fly. Process dynamics based on past responses are used to define bands of differing response and optimise tuning per band on the fly. End result: the control engineer doesn’t have to go out and tune the loops, while operator doesn’t have to chase the control engineer or maintenance to resolve a problematic control loop. “Today, the device tells you when a problem could arise so you can manage the plant around it,” said

depending on the application, nearly 2/5th of all the points can be wireless. when you take out 2/5th the wiring, the impact on the schedule and cost is huge.


energyworldDennant. “You know the device is healthy because it tells you so, you know it is responding properly because it optimises itself, and the control loop optimises itself too.”

This leaves the operator to focus on really important things like optimising yield or quality, managing splits in the distillation or simply make better decisions.

Commenting on the industry trends, Dennant agreed that with skilled workforce retiring, it is important to capture and embed their knowledge in an easily accessible environment. “The people we are seeing today are very comfortable with computers but have little understanding of the process,” he explained. “Customers can either employ PhDs in engineering or try to embed the knowledge of current workforce into the system so the new workforce can take advantage of it.” For example, a senior operator with expert knowledge could be given the right to edit the notes area of Alarm Help in the DeltaV Operate environment. “When his younger less-process savvy counterpart comes in, and the alarm goes off, he hits the notes and there is the help,” said Dennant. “In five years, the senior operator retires, but the help is still there and it is built up as one can keep adding to it.”

From an automation strategy standpoint, Emerson pushes the PEpC (Procurement, Engineering, procurement and Construction) process, developed by the Construction Industry Institute (CII), for project execution. PEpC moves procurement of strategic supplies to the start of the procurement process to maximise project savings. “You bring strategic procurement upfront while keeping tactical procurement where it used to be,” said Dennant. CII claims that using a PEpC instead of an Engineer-Procure-Construct (EPC) model could produce savings in excess of 10-15% of the time and 4- 8% of the cost of the traditional EPC.

“Though automation is only a small part of the overall capex, its impact is over the plant lifecycle. Customers have realised that they can enjoy project and also significant lifecycle benefits by partnering with a Main Automation Contractor

(MAC),” said Dennant, The MAC concept implies the early and greater involvement of the automation vendor in the project execution process and co-ordinating between the small suppliers, system integrators and the end-user company. The greater co-operation between the MAC and the end-user company bridges various gaps that existed when EPC companies held greater responsibility in projects.

Emerson Process has been a MAC for projects in Qatar and Saudi Arabia. “All MACs are subtly different because the scope is differently defined,” said Dennant. “A MAC-lite version is Main Instrument Vendor (MIV) and we have done several of those too.”

ABB’s big picture From ABB’s standpoint, the big opportunity in the region’s oil & gas industry is mainly upstream. Bjarne Andre Asheim, Region Business Unit Manager for Oil, Gas and Petrochemicals, ABB Middle East feels that in Saudi Arabia, while the petrochemicals sector is big, the Kingdom will have to start developing new oil fields two-to-three years down to produce at peak production. The petrochemicals story is intact in Kuwait as the country invests in new refining capacities and transportation

pipelines; In Qatar, though, the focus is on modernising, upgrading and expanding existing LNG infrastructure. In the UAE, Bjarne continued, there is a huge market in off shore oil & gas as well as downstream refining, while in Oman, it is both onshore and offshore development and downstream refining, but all on a smaller scale. Outside the Gulf region, Bjarne feels that Iraq is set to unlock its tremendous potential with all the global oil majors establishing operations in the country. “Part of the upstream opportunity is water production and treatment for water injection purposes” he added.

On the downstream front, Neil S Wright, Global Manager for Business Unit Oil, Gas and Petrochemicals, Downstream Industry Vertical, ABB noted that Asia, which also includes the Middle East, has already supplanted the US as a major hub for all major energy production. As a result, western process technologies are now coming east. He continued, “Cost of electricity is a major factor in downstream industries and the Middle East is winning in this regard.”

“For oil, gas and petrochemicals market, we are bringing to the table everything that ABB can do, right from electrical to automation to instrumentation and telecommunication,” says Bjarne. ABB is positioning itself as an integrated electrical/ instrumentation/ control/telecoms vendor that provides the best value to customers.

The company has significant experience in the provision of complete solutions, as a composite telecoms solution supplier and as the Main Automation Contractor/Main Electrical Contractor (MAC/MEC) to the oil & gas sector. As the MAC/MEC early in a project, ABB gathers engineering requirements, optimises the scope definition, and helps reduce CAPEX and OPEX costs. This also reduces the project schedule, engineering required and change requests.

“Early involvement in the project is important,” said Bjarne. “If we are involved at the Front End Engineering and Design (FEED) stage or even earlier, we can influence the design, how the plant is built up, save space, do all kinds of things with our design.

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pepc moves procurement of strategic supplies to the start of the procurement process to maximise project savings.


The savings we generate at that stage can save money for the project as a whole, and these savings are based on global experience and best practices.” He pointed out that the end uses can save at least 30% of plant’s energy spend by applying the latest technologies available in the market, like energy efficient motors. But to be able to buy these motors, one has to influence the spec and the projects at the early stage. Without seeing their impact on the operating costs, the end-user company or the EPC contractor won’t buy the motors.

“The reason we push for early involvement goes back to costs,” said Wright. “The decisions made in the first 25% of a project’s lifecycle can cost millions to put right later if they prove to be of the wrong kind. So while automation is only a small proportion of overall capital investment, it is a very high portion of the risk.”While there is a premium attached to engaging a main automation contractor, the advantage is significant risk mitigation. “These days, the project business is all about risk mitigation. We need to get in early to minimise risk for the whole cycle, not just of the project, but also of the plant,” said Wright.

Also, the trend of roping in a main automation contractor at the starting stage of the project started at the customer-end. “Exxon was the first to make it mandatory for all their projects,” said Bjarne. “They insist on the automation vendor being involved at the early stage because they have seen the savings.”

From an EIT standpoint, ABB brings to the table its capability to integrate all the products into a system or solution. “We don’t sell merely products, but solutions. We sell the integration of these products into an automation solution,” said Bjarne. “In the earlier example with motors, automation is the glue which ties the motor into the overall strategy.” Extrapolating the integration theme to the process area, he pointed out that it is important to build proper asset monitors for all the process areas. But the data in itself doesn’t providing the big value. “We do all kinds of asset monitors for every instrument, motor or part of the plant. However, the big value lies is in combining the data

from the motor with the process and see if application has a problem.

For example, in a pump application in any process, the mechanical pump is usually connected to an electrical motor. However, as is the case with most of the plants in the region, the electrical control system is separate from the process control system. “Only by combining both, you get to see the big picture,” argued Bjarne. In other words, once can see the pump is having a problem, if the motor starts to consume more energy; or that the motor is having a problem, if pump efficiency is getting affected. Bjarne continued: “By using our asset monitoring system and combining all the data into one system, you can build a pump application, set alarms and send proper information to the operator or maintenance department as the case may be.”

Wright pointed out that many options are available to reconcile the conflicting demands of maintenance, production and operation department in integrated environments. One option is to do that through Human Machine Interfaces (HMI), by restricting plant information that certain categories or groups of people can see. Thus, only a certain category of people like Plant Managers can see everything. The other option is to use applications. “My colleagues in Norway have developed an application based on predictive

analysis,” said Wright. “It takes a lot of the raw data in the system and turns it into true information. That’s based on historical plant performance so you have a model built up on good performance and an operating envelope. The application watches how you operate within that envelope and how much you are veering out of it to predict failures up to weeks in advance.”

He pointed out that unlike asset monitors that highlight discrete signals or happenings with the equipment, the predictive analysis application (which is yet to be fully launched in the marketplace) talks of non-discrete signals that “you won’t get an alarm for within the process technology, where you know things are going wrong from the plant performance but you don’t know what is actually causing it.” To explain the non-discrete element, Wright gave the example of catalytic cracking units. “The cyclones in these units have flapper valves at the bottom,” he continued. “You can lose the flapper valves, and while it will affect performance, the cyclone will continue operate. And you have nothing in there, no discrete measurement, no temperature, pressure or anything that will tell you have lost that valve. The only indicator is: how effective is the regeneration of the catalyst.”

The predictive analysis application employs a multivariate

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The big valuelies in combining all the data


energyworlditerative process - looking at relationships between pairs or groups of data, and the relationships between groups - to give a predicted failure based on previous performance. “The package looks how far you are veering off the normal and uses a multivariate system to predict the failure,” said Wright. “The other aspect of this application is that captures the data sitting in the head of experienced operators and utilises that as a good reference to alert the current operator how far they are moving away and what problems have been seen before because there is a certain pattern.”Apart from training simulators to train operators on different plant scenarios and shutdowns, ABB has also developed a Life Cycle Simulator which provides support throughout the plant lifecycle from the FEED stage to operations. “You build a dynamic process model right at the FEED stage itself and continuously develop it through the phases of the project,” said Bjarne. “You can check your design all the way with all the concepts, from electrical to process solutions to instrumentation to digital oil fields, you can train all the operations staff.”

By pre-testing and fine-tuning control systems, by pre-training operations staff on the simulator, commissioning time and costs can be reduced. After the commissioning, the simulator can continue to be used for operator training and also for carrying out process optimisation and modification studies prior to implementing them in the actual control environment. “Before you do anything on the actual plant, you can test the change on the simulator,” said Bjarne. “You need to test these systems before implementing them in order to reduce the danger of failure.”

How open is the region’s oil & gas industry to the modern automation technologies discussed so far? Bjarne pointed out that in general, the issue is not about the latest technology, but how fast one implements the technology that is already available. “Globally, the oil & gas industry is conservative, and more so in this region,” he said. “So technology uptake here is slower than in rest of the world.”

Wright added: “As vendors,

we see technology moving very quickly. But we cannot get it into the marketplace because end users are slow in embracing new ideas. They prefer the tried and tested which can be frustrating. Integration, which we had to push for over five years to generate some traction, is typical of that.”

Bjarne believes that willingness to use latest technology is seen more in fields where the production curve is going downwards, like the North Sea. He attributes the regional industry’s conservative attitude to the fact that its competiveness hinges not so much on using the latest technology than on keeping production running. “Today’s high oil prices have made the risks and costs of shutdown very high, and this in turn, has led the industry adopt a conservative, no-risk approach to developing the fields,’ explained Bjarne. “You want to keep production running at any cost, so you want everything to be proven and tested, safe and reliable.”

Invensys’ software rules“As a process automation industry player, Invensys is the most software oriented of its peers,” says Franco Restelli, President of Invensys Operations Management (IOM), Middle East. IOM’s products and solutions are divided into four categories, namely, control and safety comprising Foxboro I/A Series distributed control system (DCS) and Triconex safety system; Advanced applications - SimSci-Esscor simulation software, Avantis asset management software, Wonderware operations management software; Equipment - Foxboro measurement and instrumentation products, Eurotherm recorders and controllers; and Enterprise Control System (ECS) – InFusion ECS for integrating plant operations.

“Apart from traditional field instrumentation and control and safety products, we also have a huge software component in our portfolio,” said Restelli. “This makes us different from our competitors who are more hardware oriented. Our dream is to make available all data from the real time world on the plant floor to the transactional world at the enterprise

level in a structured manner.” Restelli believes that integration

between the real time world and the transactional world is becoming the dominant theme in the process automation market. “From being very efficient in production, companies are trying to become very flexible; from planning long term, they are trying to work to flexible time frames,” he said. “In the power plants in Europe, they plan by the hour or even minutes; in petrochemical plants, they make plans on one day or even half day basis.”

The flexibility and the ability to react to changing market conditions quickly are major business and operational headaches for the oil & gas industry. “Often companies take a commercial decision only to find out later they cannot fulfil the same because of process issues. And if they play safe and decide not to take up a challenge, they discover later they have lost a great opportunity,” said Restelli. “To know how your process is or whether it is ready for a timeline and to give this information in a compelling way to the people

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who have to take the decision is a real challenge. At IOM, we have the expertise on the process and the tools from a software point of view to provide this opportunity to our customers.”

For Restelli, a signature reference that best encapsulates IOM’s vision of linking business strategy to product execution in the region is the multi-million dollar contract bagged in September last year from SATORP (Saudi Aramco Total Refining & Petrochemical Company) for implementing an integrated refinery information system (IRIS) based on InFusion ECS. A joint venture between Saudi Aramco and Total France, SATORP is constructing a state-of-the-art, 400,000 bpd refinery in Jubail, Saudi Arabia, that is expected to be operational before the end of 2013. The vertical and horizontal integration capabilities of the InFusion ECS are expected to play a central role in SATCORP’s plans to integrate fuels and petrochemical processes. “The SATORP deal has presented us with

an ideal opportunity to showcase our ability to this market as we had been looking for somebody to undertake this kind of integration in the region,” said Restelli. Moreover, the new contract follows an earlier one awarded in 2008 for a comprehensive refinery-wide operations management solution.

A major highlight of the contract, Restelli points out, is SATORP’s decision to integrate business strategy and production execution before the plant starts operating. “Normally, it is the other way round,” said Restelli. “They thought - why wait, we know both sides, so we can start working on the infrastructure and the integration before building the plant.”

IRIS will manage the new refinery’s supply chain, planning and scheduling functions, as well as oversee its operations management, performance management and business process optimisation functions. It will make available information in real time to different functions like production, where for example, the data can help them decide how much to produce in order to have the best economical outcome based on the demand forecasted.

“In the past, these discussions took place perhaps once a month or even a quarter. Today, with continuous shift of demand and availability, you have to take this decision in terms of days or hours,” said Restelli. “For SATORP, the goal is connect the decision and process dashboards to have a handle on what to produce, when or how to plan the different derivatives and which one of them should have priority. They want to take all the available data and filter it in the right way to be useful to take decisions. Additionally, they also want to ensure the right information is provided to the right function or division.”

Integrating the production and enterprise layers of a plant that doesn’t exist, as in SATORP’s case, implies a lot of theoretical work; however, IOM has to its advantage experience from similar projects elsewhere as well as experienced people on the ground from a similar project implemented at Petro Rabigh though on a much smaller scale. “There are two important areas

here,” said Restelli. “First, we are developing with them a methodology to collect all the data, all their needs and understand how to provide answers to these needs. The other area is testing; they understand that probably 30% of what we will develop now will need to be readjusted afterwards.”

He pointed out that that when the plant actually starts operations, SATORP will have everything in place to run the business. “While there will be adjustments and modifications, to their credit, the software tools they selected are very flexible in this direction.”

Interestingly, the majority of these tools are not from IOM. Restelli elaborated: “All the main software tools were selected in advance during the FEED study. Our software licenses constitute less than 10% of the overall software spend. What we have sold them is our integration capability in terms of people, engineering, development, consulting and methodology. Our challenge will also be to integrate these different software tools without sacrificing the flexibility.”

Restelli explained that the main challenge for SATCORP is to unite business controls, production controls and process controls in real time; which at its heart, is actually a workflow and flow of information challenge. “What they are doing differently is trying to fine-tune the

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TOdAy, wiTh cOnTinuOuS ShifT Of demAnd And AvAilAbiliTy, yOu hAve TO TAke ThiS deciSiOn in TeRmS Of dAyS OR hOuRS


energyworldintegration side before the plant commences operations and also identify what is really necessary on the desk of everyone so as to improve decision making,” he said. “Often you know what information you need, but the question is: are you getting it when you need it? Also, the important thing is to get the information rather than just data to help take right decisions.”

Interestingly, IOM’s plant floor-to- enterprise integration proposition is built on Microsoft technology. In 2011, IOM was named Microsoft Global Enterprise Partner of the Year in recognition of its efforts to bring Microsoft applications into the industry environment. Microsoft provides IOM with architectural guidance, development and technical support, product roadmap coordination and scalability testing of Invensys software solutions. In turn, Invensys provides feedback on features needed for manufacturing and the suitability of certain system features and functions

for the manufacturing market.In November, Invensys released

ArchestrA System Platform 2012 and Workflow 2012 that provide the core integration and collaboration platform inside of the InFusion Enterprise Control System. Together the improved offerings enable customers to unite their existing automation and IT systems and applications with systems and applications from Invensys, its ecosystem partners and other third-party providers so they function as one, holistic Enterprise Control System.

“Our dream is open up the platform so that anyone anywhere in the world can develop and add industrial applications to a common backbone,” said Restelli. “It helps us in two ways - first, we empower smaller developers to create and commercialise great industrial applications and second, we can take our technology more effectively into areas where we generally don’t go or where we operate through system

integrators.” The IOM chief took a dig at his

competitors who he claimed were protectionist in terms of opening up their platforms to third parties.

“Our philosophy is the other way round – we know we aren’t able to cover all customers but if everybody who goes there puts a little piece of ours in the plant, we would be in all these plants. At the same time, the platform approach also helps us to keep a tab on what is happening with the use of our tools,” - he noted.

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Willingness to use latest technology is seen in feilds where production

is headed south, like the North Sea

Story to be continuedIn our March edition, read about what Aspentech, Siemens, Honeywell and Rockwell Automation have to offer the region’s oil & gas market


2012

Celebrating the oustanding achievements of the MENA Water Sector

23rd November 2012

The third edition of the H2O Water Awards will be presented to outstanding nominations in the following categories:

Project Category• Best Water Project• Best Wastewater Project• Innovative Use/Application of Technology• Water Efficieny Leader• Water Communications & Marketing

Product Category• Best Water Product• Best Wastewater product• Water-Efficient Product if the Year• Most Innovative Product/Technology of the Year (Industrial & Commercial)

To sumbit your nominations, please visit www.h2ome.net/awards

For sponsorship enquiries, contact:Vedran Dedic (Group Sales Director)Tel: +971 4 375 6834Mobile: +971 55 8644831Email: [email protected]

For other enquiries, contact:Anoop Menon (Editor)Tel: +971 4 375 6830Mobile: +971 50 2816075Email: [email protected]

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WFES 2012 highlights: In pictures

• February2012•

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The fifTh World fuTure energy SummiT (WfeS) 2012 opened in Abu dhAbi on JAnuAry 16, 2012. The Sheer

pAce of AcTiviTy during The Three dAy evenT – The pAcked SummiT AgendA, The

round TAbleS, concurrenT conferenceS, preSS meeTS, And The exhibiTion – mAde

iT A neWShound’S delighT buT AlSo A logiSTicAl nighTmAre AS ScheduleS

overlApped. ThiS cenTreSpreAd iS buT A Slice of The hecTic fifTh ediTion of

WhAT iS TodAy one of The World’S moST AnTicipATed reneWAble induSTry evenTS.

The cApTionS Tell iT All.

1. opening day: (left to right): h.e. dr. Sultan Ahmed Al Jaber, ceo, masdar, h.e. ban ki-moon, Secretary general, united nations, h.e. Wen Jiabao, premier of china, h.h. general Sheikh mohamed bin Zayed Al nahyan, crown prince of Abu dhabi & deputy Supreme commander of the uAe Armed forces, h.e. kim hwang-sik, prime minister of South korea, and h.e. nassir Abdulaziz Al nasser, president, united nations general Assembly, attend the opening ceremony of the World future energy Summit Abu dhabi 2012

2. Opening Day: Bertrand Picard, Chief Executive Officer, Solar Impulse. (Copyright: Ryan Carter / Crown Prince Court)

3. panelists during the ‘What’s next for carbon capture and Storage’

4. ministerial panel 1: Sustainable energy for All (left to right): farooq Abdullah, minister of new and renewable energy, india; Adnan Amin, director general, international renewable energy Agency (irenA); charles holliday, chairman of the board of directors, bank of America; kandeh y. yumkella, director general, united nations industrial development organisation (unido); Andrew Steer, Special envoy for climate change, World bank; maria van der hoeven, executive director, international energy Agency (ieA)

5. young future energy leaders (yfel)

6. (left) h.e. Jaber Al Suwaidi, general director of the crown prince court - Abu dhabi, and (center) dr Sultan Ahmed Al Jaber, ceo, masdar, tour the planetSolar catamaran that runs solely on solar panels, with its captain and master, (right) erwann le rouzic (Copyright: Ryan Carter / Crown Prince Court - Abu Dhabi)

7. The masdar ceo with visiting students around the masdar city model 8. Dr. Susan Hockfield, President, MIT, with the students and faculty members of Masdar Institute

9. 2012 Zayed future energy prize winners group photo: (left to right) Jean-pascal Tricoire, president and ceo, Schneider electric; uc berkley, dr Ashok gadgil; paul Simpson, ceo, carbon disclosure project, h.h. general Sheikh mohamed bin Zayed Al nahyan, crown prince of Abu dhabi, deputy Supreme commander of the uAe Armed forces; damian miller, ceo, orb energy; eric pooley, Senior vice president, Strategy and communications, environmental defense fund; dr Sultan Ahmed Al Jaber, ceo, masdar

10. The masdar institute pavilion

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marketplaceTORAYTorayDS2 - New RO design software

TorayDS2 is the new RO design software from Toray, which the company claims, is designed to achieve faster calculations for design and

analysis of Toray equipped RO systems. TDS2 will include the following major features and improvements:

• Easy and fast setup which even allows the software to run from a flash drive. On most Win7 systems, no setup is required at all.• Runs on virtual Win7 machines inside different host OS (example: OSX, Linux)• Microsoft SQL CE server based database used for project storage and element information.• Microsoft SQL server support for use in corporate networks – common data base for all users in network if desired.• Project, case and revision management with fine graduation to manage multiple projections.• Text search in database for fast localisation of projects, cases and revisions.• Extensive ‘water library’ functions for all relevant streams in RO systems.• Detailed adjustment facility for many pre-treatment options.• Much faster calculation engine for multi-stage and multi-pass configurations.• Choice of different Energy Recovery systems (Turbo and isobaric) included.• Improved and more accurate scaling indices using USGS Pitzer calculation.• Increased design flexibility as every single element in a pressure vessel is separately configurable in terms of age, fouling factor, salt passage and module type.• User configurable process flow diagram for the display of specific process parameters.• New ‘autoCalc’ function for instant calculation by the change of any process parameter – all connected parameters change while user adjusts a value.• Easy Excel export of design results for creating a series of RO calculations for process parameter diagrams. This can be combined with the autoCalc function to create comprehensive performance predictions, based on many automated projection runs, for varying recovery, temperature, membrane age, system configuration in very short time.• Quick start for new RO designs by using hundreds of provided project templates• Compatible to previous Toray RO design software with the possibility to import the older DS1 .tid files

MEGGER New cable fault pinpointing device

Megger has launched a new cable fault pinpointing device, MPP2000 which pinpoints the fault location by acoustic and electromagnetic detection of the

flashover created by the surge generator. MPP2000, Megger claims, tells the direction to the fault, the distance to the fault and whether one is walking along the route of the cable. The MPP2000 consists of a receiver, ground microphone (probe) and headphones. It is housed in a lightweight, ergonomically designed, rugged case that is IP54 rated. The unit can be easily carried “hands free” using the adjustable neck strap. In addition, the instrument can be used with any manufacturer’s surge generator (thumper).

Key features:• Detects both Electromagnetic and Acoustic signals.• Displays Electromagnetic and Acoustic signal levels • Calculates and displays the "time difference" between the Electromagnetic and Acoustic signals.• Calculates and displays the "relative distance" to fault.• Displays Electromagnetic signal strength on two planes i.e. direction to the fault and alignment to the position/route of the cable. • Large backlit display• Background noise suppression using selectable filter band pass filters.• Integrated loudspeaker, with volume control.• Lightweight Probe/Ground Microphone; disassembles for easy storage and transportation.• Integrated noise protective collar on probe/ground microphone• "Behind-the-Head" headphones


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MEW/53/2010-2011-KShuaiba North Co-generation Plant O&M ProjectKuwaitName: Ministry of Electricity & Water (Kuwait)Address: Ministry of Electricity & Water Bldg., South Al Surra Street, Ministries AreaCity: Safat - 13001 Postal/Zip Code: 12Country: KuwaitTel: (+965) 2537 1000Fax: (+965) 2537 1420 / 1421 / 1422E-mail: [email protected]: http://www.energy.gov.kwCarrying out operation and maintenance (O&M) of the Shuaiba North co-generation electric power and water distillation plant.17,860 March 6, 2012 Tender No. MEW/53/2010-2011This project is in Kuwait. The tender is open to pre-qualified contractors only. Tender documents can be collected from:Central Tenders Committee (CTC)Safat 13011,KuwaitTel: (+965) 2401200Fax: (+965) 2416574E-mail: [email protected] pre-bid meeting will be held on August 25, 2011. Bid Bond is KD 2.4 million.Potable Water WorksPower Generation & Distribution

MPP2330-OAdam / Manah Solar Power Plant ProjectOmanName: Public Authority for Electricity & Water (Oman)Address: Public Authority for Electricity & Water Bldg., Al Azaiba AreaCity: Muscat 130 Postal/Zip Code: 1889Country: OmanTel: (+968) 2461 1100 / 2461 1111Fax: (+968) 2460 3977 /2461 1133Website: http://www.paew.gov.omBuild-own-operate (BOO) contract for the construction of a

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photovoltaic or concentrated solar plant (CSP) with capacity of 200 MW.600,000,0002013This project is in Oman. Client has selected a location for this plant. It will be located in Adam and Manah in Al Dakhiliya region. The scheme is likely to be privately financed, continuing Oman's model of developing independent power production. The government has formally approved this project. Financial Consultant Macquarie Group (Australia)Chadbourne & Parke LLP (USA)WorleyParsons (Oman)Power Generation & Distribution

ZPR190-EWind Farm Project - Gulf of SuezEgyptName: Egyptian Electricity Transmission Company (EETC)Address: Abassia, Nasr City 11517City: Cairo Postal/Zip Code: 12612Country: EgyptTel: (+20-2) 2261 8579 / 2684 3824Website: http://www.eetc.net.egBuild-Own-Operate (BOO) contract to build a wind farm in the Gulf of Suez with capacity of 250 MW of power.2014 This project is in Egypt. The wind farm will be built alongside a series of similar projects in the coastline, west of the Gulf of Suez. Germany's Fichtner has been awarded the technical consultancy contract. Fichtner will advise in the BOO selection process. It is understood that the wind measurement studies are ongoing and this is expected to be completed in January 2012. Request for Proposals (RFP) for the BOO contract is expected to be issued in first quarter of 2012. Garrad Hassan (Egypt)Fichtner Gmbh & Co. KG (Germany)

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ZPR101-KAbdaliya Thermal Solar Power & Natural Gas Hybrid Plant ProjectKuwaitName: Partnerships Technical Bureau (Kuwait)Address: Touristic Enterprises Co. Bldg., 2nd Floor, Al-Jahra StreetCity: Shuwaikh Country: KuwaitTel: (+965) 2496 5900Fax: (+965) 2496 5901E-mail: [email protected]: http://www.ptb.gov.kwBuild-operate-transfer (BOT) contract for the construction of a thermal solar power and natural gas hybrid plant at Abdaliya with total capacity of 280 MW.720,000,0002015This plant will be located in the East of Kuwait. The project will have a capacity of about 60 MW solar power and roughly 220 MW in gas-fired capacity. The plant's site has been chosen. The original site was rejected due to sub-surface oil and a nearby site has been chosen instead. Toyota Tsusho is concluding feasibility and technical studies. Once the studies are concluded, Toyota is set to enter negotiations on the power purchase agreement (PPA) and energy conversion agreements (ECA) with the Ministry of Electricity and the client. As Toyota proposed this project and carried out the necessary studies, it is likely the company will build the plant. However, it will still need to compete with other firms in a tender. According to Kuwaiti law, the company will be awarded a five-point advantage over the other bidders putting it in a strong position for the contract. The solar/gas facility will be 100% owned by the developer. The sponsor will be responsible for financing the project as an independent power project (IPP). It is understood that the technical, environmental and feasibility studies have been

completed. Issue of RFP for the BOT contract has been delayed to January 2012.Toyota Tsusho Corporation (Dubai)Power Generation & Distribution

MPP2567-SARabigh Steam IPP - Phase 2Saudi ArabiaName: Saudi Electricity Company - Central Region (Saudi Arabia)Address: Burj Al Faisaliyah Bldg., Floor 22, King Fahad RoadCity: Riyadh 11416 Postal/Zip Code: 22955Country: Saudi ArabiaTel: (+966-1) 461 9030 / 461 9009Fax: (+966-1) 403 2222E-mail: [email protected]: http://www.se.com.saConstruction of a steam independent power project (IPP) at Rabigh with capacity of 1,700 MW.2017New TenderThis project is in Mecca province of Saudi Arabia. The plant will be built near existing power plants at Rabigh. Client will issue a request for qualification (RFQ) to developers in early 2012 once land agreements and other permits have been secured. Power Generation & Distribution

MPP2552-KSolar Power Plant Project-3KuwaitName: Kuwait Oil Company (KOC)Address: KOC Industrial AreaCity: Ahmadi 61008 Postal/Zip Code: 9758Country: KuwaitTel: (+965) 398 9111Fax: (+965) 398 3661E-mail: [email protected]: http://www.kockw.comConstruction of a concentrated solar power plant to produce electricity and steam for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) schemes.This project is in Kuwait. The scheme is currently in planning stage. Client is expected to issue

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ZPR495-SA Riyadh Drainage Network ProjectSaudi ArabiaName: Riyadh Municipality (Saudi Arabia)Address: Al-Wazeer StreetCity: Riyadh 11146 Postal/Zip Code: 953Country: Saudi ArabiaTel: (+966-1) 411 2222/ 402 6400/ 412 1865Fax: (+966-1) 1413 1020E-mail: [email protected]: http://www.alriyadh.gov.saConstruction of a drainage network in Riyadh.2,900,000,0002014New TenderThis project is in Saudi Arabia. The purpose is to cope with current floods caused by seasonal heavy rainfall. The scheme is under planning and awaiting budget allocation. Invitation to bid (ITB) for the main construction contract is expected to be issued in first quarter of 2012. Sewerage & Drainage

MPP2539-OSuwayq IWP DevelopmentOmanName: Oman Power & Water Procurement Company S.A.O.CAddress: Muscat International Centre, 2nd Floor, Suite 504City: Ruwi PC 112 Postal/Zip Code: 1388Country: OmanTel: (+968) 2482 3028 / 2482 3000E-mail:[email protected]: http://www.omanpwp.co.omDevelopment of an Independent Water Project (IWP) with capacity of 50 MIGDusing

seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) technology at Suwayq.2017 New TenderThis project is in Oman. Client will issue a request for qualification (RFQ) in the second quarter of 2014, with a request for proposals (RFP) issued in the third quarter of the same year. Bids will be due in the first quarter of 2015, with a contract award expected in the following quarter. The IWP is expected to be commissioned in first quarter of 2017. Potable Water Works

ZPR468-SAJubail Seawater Reverse Osmosis 4 ProjectSaudi ArabiaName: Power & Water Utilities Company for Jubail & Yanbu - MARAFIQ (Saudi Arabia)Address: Jubail Industrial CityCity: Jubail 31961 Postal/Zip Code: 11133Country: Saudi ArabiaTel: (+966-3) 340 1111Fax: (+966-3) 340 1168E-mail: [email protected]: http://www.marafiq.com.saEngineering, procurement and construction (EPC) contract to build the seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) 4 project in Jubail with capacity of 75,000 cubic metres per day of potable water.100,000,000 2014New TenderThis project is in Saudi Arabia. It is also known as SWRO-4. The purpose is to provide potable water to Al Sharqiyah region. The scheme is currently under planning. Invitation to bid (ITB) for the EPC contract is expected to be issued soon. Bidders are expected to submit their proposals in the first quarter of 2012. The project is due to be completed in second quarter of 2014. Potable Water Works

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BWW1-A&C-LETunnel & Pipeline Construction ProjectLebanonName: Council for Development & Reconstruction (Lebanon)Address: Tallat al-SerailCity: Beirut Postal/Zip Code: 116-5351Country: LebanonTel: (+961-1) 981 252/ 981 253 / 980 096Fax: (+961-1) 981 431/ 981 434 / 981 252E-mail: [email protected]: http://www.cdr.gov.lbConstruction of 24-kilometre, 2.8-metre-diameter tunnel and 9.5-kilometre, 1,400-millimetre twin pipeline, as part of Greater Cairo Water Supply Project.2,000 March 1, 2012New TenderTender No. BMM1-A&CThis project is in Lebanon. Project No – P103063. This tender is in pre-qualification stage. Pre-qualification documents can be obtained from: Tenders Department, Legal Affairs Division, Tallet El Serail, Council for Development & Reconstruction (CDR)Beirut Central District, Lebanon.Tel:(+961-1) 980 0099Fax: (+961-1) 981 252 / 253E-mail: [email protected] By: World Bank. Potable Water WorksPublic Works, Roads & Earthworks

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calendar20126-8 FEBRUARYWaterWorld Middle East 2012The first annual WaterWorld Middle East conference and exhibition, which is targeted at the water and wastewater industry in the Middle East, will be co-located with POWER-GEN Middle East, which will be celebrating its 10th anniversary in 2012. Both events are being held at the brand new Qatar National Convention Centre, Doha under the patronage of His Excellency, Dr Mohamed bin Saleh Al-Sada, Minister of Energy and Industry, Qatar. Over two days, both WaterWorld Middle East and POWER-GEN Middle East will deliver a total of 14 strategic and technical sessions over six tracks by expert speakers representing more than 27 countries across the globe. A major focus of the conference will be how high demands for energy and fresh water coupled with diminishing water supplies, can be met through more sustainable and energy efficient technologies.

Contact: Sue McDermottTel: +44 - 1992 656 632Fax: +44 - 1992 656 700Mobile: +44 - 7984 927 441E-mail: [email protected]: www.waterworldmiddleeast.com

Doha

7-9 FEBRUARYMiddle East ElectricityMiddle East Electricity ranks among the region’s leading energy event focusing on power, lighting, new and renewable, nuclear and water sectors. With the region expected to attract investments over $560 billion in renewable energy projects, MEE has set aside a dedicated section for Solar at the 2012 event. The event organisers have instituted seven awards including Project of the Year; Best innovation or technology of the year; CSR Initiative of the year; CEO of the year; Power & Water Utility of the year; HSE project or initiative of the year and Renewable Project of the Year.

Contact: Latha RaviTel: 971 4 4072611 Fax: 971 4 335 3526E-mail: [email protected]: www.middleeastelectricity.com

Dubai

6-8 MARCHArabian Power and Water Summit 2012For the past five years MEED has hosted one of the region’s most influential gatherings of clients, project owners, contractors, developers and consultants. The Arabian Power & Water Summit (APWS) provides participants with insights on upcoming regional power and water projects, plus updates on recent financing structures and technology developments. Major highlights for 2012 edition, to be held at Park Hyatt on Saadiyat Island, include project information on Oman’s $6.7 billion power generation schemes, Iraq’s $27 billion power programme, water and power projects in the UAE, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Qatar and Bahrain, covering financing, policy and regulation and how these impact new prospects, and ‘For and against’ debates about the successes of independent projects, the role of developers, international investors and Asian contractors.

Contact: Sana AhmedTel: +971 - 4 - 390 0699Mobile: +971- 50 - 466 4990 Email: [email protected]: www.arabianpowerandwater.com

Abu Dhabi

13-15 MARCHWETEX 2012WETEX 2012 is an important regional resourcing platform for national and international companies to access wide range of latest technology and management solutions in the water, energy and environment sectors. WETEX 2012 incorporates SmarTech, which provides a B2B and B2C marketing opportunity to promote energy-efficient home appliances and related green building products and FOSSIL FUEL @ WETEX 2012, to be launched in 2012, as WETEX’s first international exhibition for energy industry professionals.

Contact: Abdul Syed Abdul HameedTel: +971 4 3072460Fax: +971 4 3244599/3248111E-mail: [email protected]: www.wetex.ae

Dubai


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MW & H2O Magazine February 2012

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