Mushroom Highlights Newsletter ~ October 2016...2016/10/12 · October 2016 - Mushroom Highlights...
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October 2016 - Mushroom Highlights Newsletter for Wild Mushrooms PNW ❖ www.wildmushroomspnw.com Upcoming Mushroom Shows and Festivals The 17 th Annual Yachats Mushroom Festival is October 21-23 in Yachats, OR. The mushroom display will be at the Lions Club on Fourth St. behind the Commons. If you can contribute specimens bring them on Friday. There will be mushroom dishes prepared at some of the local restaurants all weekend. The weekend is filled with guided mushroom walks and talks, mushroom exhibits, and a culinary mushroom growing workshop. Festival goers will also find fungi arts, culinary mushroom markets, live entertainment and lots more. www.yachats.org/MFest2016.html. Anyone in the area of Bellevue, WA, should check out the 53 rd Annual PSMS (Puget Sound Mycological Society) Wild Mushroom Show on October 29 th and 30 th . It will be at the Bellevue College Cafeteria, 2000 Landerholm Circle SE. You will see lots of mushroom displays, exhibits, and vendors. It is one of the largest on the West Coast and the largest PSMS event of the year. www.psms.org/show.php. The Oregon Mycological Society have their Fall Mushroom Show on October 30 th from noon until 5 PM at Miller Hall, World Forestry Center in Portland, OR. You will see beautifully displayed mushrooms from around the region and talk to mushroom experts. There will be vendors, books for sale, mushroom cooking samples, speakers, and more. www.wildmushrooms.org Mt. Pisgah Arboretum Mushroom Festival in Eugene is October 30 as well. This is the 34th fall celebration of mushrooms and the harvest season co-presented by Mt. Pisgah Arboretum, Cascade Mycological Society, and Lane Community College. The event is the largest mushroom display on the West Coast. Hundreds of locally-collected wild fungi will be on display with experts on hand to answer your questions and identify any specimens that you bring in. The festival also features a huge plant sale, a scarecrow contest, children’s activities, hayrides, craft vendors, mushroom-inspired food, fresh apple cider, wine, live music. This celebration starts at 10 AM so come early before the crowds appear. www.mountpisgaharboretum.com Lots going on this month so mark your calendar now and plan to attend or volunteer to help at any of this year’s events. To be successful the shows depend on volunteers. They are only able to put on a great show year after year because of your help. For more information check out their websites. This is a wonderful way to spend a fall day and learn more about wild mushrooms.
Transcript of Mushroom Highlights Newsletter ~ October 2016...2016/10/12 · October 2016 - Mushroom Highlights...
October 2016 - Mushroom Highlights
NewsletterforWildMushroomsPNW❖www.wildmushroomspnw.com
UpcomingMushroomShowsandFestivals
The17thAnnualYachatsMushroomFestivalisOctober21-23inYachats,OR.ThemushroomdisplaywillbeattheLionsClubonFourthSt.behindtheCommons.IfyoucancontributespecimensbringthemonFriday.Therewillbemushroomdishespreparedatsomeofthelocalrestaurantsallweekend.Theweekendisfilledwithguidedmushroomwalksandtalks,mushroomexhibits,andaculinarymushroomgrowingworkshop.Festivalgoerswillalsofindfungiarts,culinarymushroommarkets,liveentertainmentandlotsmore.www.yachats.org/MFest2016.html.
AnyoneintheareaofBellevue,WA,shouldcheckoutthe53rdAnnualPSMS(PugetSoundMycologicalSociety)WildMushroomShowonOctober29thand30th.ItwillbeattheBellevueCollegeCafeteria,2000LanderholmCircleSE.Youwillseelotsofmushroomdisplays,exhibits,andvendors.ItisoneofthelargestontheWestCoastandthelargestPSMSeventoftheyear.www.psms.org/show.php.
TheOregonMycologicalSocietyhavetheirFallMushroomShowonOctober30thfromnoonuntil5PMatMillerHall,WorldForestryCenterinPortland,OR.Youwillseebeautifullydisplayedmushrooms
fromaroundtheregionandtalktomushroomexperts.Therewillbevendors,booksforsale,mushroomcookingsamples,speakers,andmore.www.wildmushrooms.org
Mt.PisgahArboretumMushroomFestivalinEugeneisOctober30aswell.Thisisthe34thfallcelebrationofmushrooms
andtheharvestseasonco-presentedbyMt.PisgahArboretum,CascadeMycologicalSociety,andLaneCommunityCollege.TheeventisthelargestmushroomdisplayontheWestCoast.Hundredsoflocally-collectedwildfungiwillbeondisplaywithexpertsonhandtoansweryourquestionsandidentifyanyspecimensthatyoubringin.Thefestivalalsofeaturesahugeplantsale,ascarecrowcontest,children’sactivities,hayrides,craftvendors,mushroom-inspiredfood,
freshapplecider,wine,livemusic.Thiscelebrationstartsat10AMsocomeearlybeforethecrowdsappear.www.mountpisgaharboretum.com
Lotsgoingonthismonthsomarkyourcalendarnowandplantoattendorvolunteertohelpatanyofthisyear’sevents.Tobesuccessfultheshowsdependonvolunteers.Theyareonlyabletoputonagreatshowyearafteryearbecauseofyourhelp.Formoreinformationcheckouttheirwebsites.Thisisawonderfulwaytospendafalldayandlearnmoreaboutwildmushrooms.
GrowCultivatedMushrooms
Strophariarugosoannulatacanbecultivated.Thecapsgetaswideas20cmwhenmature.Theyareconsiderednotonlyedible,butchoice.Itisoneofthelargestspeciesinthisgenus,successfullycultivatedoncompostedstraworwoodchips.
GrowingMushroomsinyourChickenCoop
WhatifyoucouldhaveachickenrunthatliterallyeatsthemanurethatchickensleavebymixingwoodchipswithmushroomspawnoftheKingStropharia(Strophariarugosoannulata).Thismethodcombatsbothharmfulbacteriaandodor.Theaddedbonusisthatthismushroomisalsoedible.AbagofKing
Strophariarunsabout$25toinoculate1cubicyardofchips.
1. Layer6-8inchesofhardwoodwoodchipsinthechickenrun.Mixinthespawnasyougo.Laydownpoultrywireontop.
2. Ontopofthisfilteradd3-4inchesofwoodchipsmixedagainwiththespawn.Wormsattractedtothespawncometothesurfaceforit,inspiringthechickenstoscratchandworkthechips.Allthismixingcreatestheperfectmushroom-growingarea.
3. Watertherundailyforthefirstweek,thenweekly,washingitdowntothebottomlayerwherethespawniswaiting.
4. Ontheoutsideofthecoop,addafootortwoofwoodchips.Ifthecoopislocatednearadownhillslope,makeatrenchtocapturesomeofthewatertoslowitdown.Fillwithhardwoodchipsandspawn.Themyceliummatgrowsquicklyspreadingoutwardfromthecoop.
5. Harveststhemushroomsattheedgesofthecoopthroughoutsummerandfall.Boththestalkandcapareedible.
6. Waterthetoplayerofthewoodchipsweekly.Replacetheentirefilteryearly,andyoucanharvestanicelayerofsoilthatdevelopsfromthenutrientbreakdown.(fromPSMSNewsletter,Sept.2016,byJenniferWilson)PhotobyM.Trappe
HiddenParasiticFungiintheDigestiveTract
Agroupoforganismscalledmicrosporidia,invadetheintestinaltractofmanyanimals,causingdiarrheainhumansandimmune-compromisedpatientsmoresevereproblems.Manyindividualscarryatleastoneofthe14speciesthatinfectpeople.
Theseparticularsingle-celledorganismsdosomethingthathasnotbeenobservedbefore.Theymultiplybystickinghostcellstogether.Thisishowtheyspreadinfection. Thefactthatparasiticfungistayhiddenwithinanorganhasimplicationfor treatment,sinceexistingdrugshavenotbeeneffectiveagainsttheparasites becauseofhowdifficultithasbeentodetectthem.
MushroomsandVitaminD
Sincecommercialmushroomsaregrowninthedark,itissomewhatoddthattheyareagoodsourceofvitaminD,thesunshinevitamin.Theyareoneofthefewvegetariansourcesofthisvitaminwhichisalsofoundnaturallyincodliveroil,fattyfishsuchasmackerel,salmon,sardines,andtuna,oreggsandliver.Itisestimatedthat10mushroomsprovide10%ofthedailyvalueofvitaminD.RecentresearchsuggeststhatexposingmushroomstoUVraysforjust5minutescouldincreasetheirvitaminDcontentto100%oftheRDA.
WithoutFungi,AllEcosystemsWouldFail
MyceliumRunningbyPaulStametsstatesthatfungiare“thegrandrecyclersofourplanet,themyco-magiciansdisassemblinglargeorganicmoleculesintosimplerforms,whichinturnnourishothermembersoftheecologicalcommunity.Fungiaretheinterfaceorganismsbetweenlifeanddeath.”Yetmostofusonlyrecognizemushroomsassmallprotuberancespokingthroughthelawnorforestfloor.Untilrecentlynotmuchwasknownaboutfungiandtheirimportantrolesinourworld,andhowmuchisyettobediscovered?
FungusIdentifiedasKeyFactorinCrohn’sDisease
Thisisthefirsttimeafungushasbeenfoundasakeyfactorinthisdisease.Alsolinkedwasanew
bacterium.ThisgroundbreakingfindingwaspublishedintheSept.20thissueofmBio.Thiscouldleadtonewtreatmentsandcuresforthisdebilitatinginflammatoryboweldisease.Seewww.sciencedaily.comformoreinformation.
MushroomoftheMonth–Chlorophyllumrachodes,theShaggyParasol
YoumayhavelearnedthismushroomasLepiotarachodes,butthenamehaschangedtoChlorophyllumrachodes.Thecapcanbecomeaslargeas20cmacrossandthestalk20cmlong.Thecapisroundedforalongtimebeforebecomingmoreflattenedandhasaslightcentralbumpinage.Thebackgroundcoloriswhiteordingybuffwithlargecoarseorshaggyscalesthatarelightbrown,reddish-brown,tocinnamon-brown.Soon,theybreakintoaconcentricallyarrangedpattern.The centerissmoothatfirst,soonbreakingupintosmooth, upturnedscalesandbecomingincreasinglyscalytowardthe margin.Themarginisoftenfringed.Surfaceisdry.
Theringis whitebecomingbrownishinage.Itisdoublecrownedand oftenmovable.Thefleshiswhitebutbruisesorangeand thenturnsbrownish-redespeciallywhenthestalkisinjured.Gills arefreefromthestalkbeingwhitetosometimesadingybrown toreddish,especiallywhenhandled.
Thestalkmaybeclub-shapedbutthereisabasalbulbthatisusuallyundergroundbutcanbeseenif
youdigthemushroomout.Thestalkstartsoutstuffedwhenyoungthenhollowinage.PhotobyB.Pruitt
Thisisverytastymushroom,butcookitthoroughlybeforeeatingsincesomepeoplebecomeillifthisisnotdone.DonotpickandeatLepiotasorChlorophyllumsifgrowinginthewoods.Theselook-alikesmaybepoisonous.Chlorophyllumrhacodesisusuallyanurban-growingmushroomfoundingroupsorringsonthegroundunderconifersbutalsounderbushes,ingardens,incomposepiles,nearstables,inparksandmeadows,alongroadsandotherdisturbedplacessuchaslawns.Thereareoftenseveralcropsproducedeachseason.Ifyoupicktheminsomeone’slawnbesureithasnotbeensprayedorchemicalsappliedtotheareasincemushroomscanconcentratethesetoxins.PhotobyK.Scates
StuffedShaggyParasolMushroomsfromtheForagerChef
ThecapsofChlorophyllumrachodesarewonderfullyconcaveandjustbeggingtobestuffedwithsomething.Thestalksareinterestinginthattheyhaveadifferentcookingtimethanthecaps.Choppingthestalksupandcookingthemforastuffingisagreatwaytogetbythatissue.Shaggyparasolshaveamuchbetterflavorthanmostcommercialmushrooms,butyouneedtomakesuretheyarethoroughlyandcompletelycooked.Allowthemtocoolabitandservedjustwarm.Serves4-6asanappetizer.
Ingredients:
1lb.youngshaggyparasolmushrooms,capsunopenedandstalksremovedandreserved(about12-15mushrooms)
1Tbsp.softenedunsaltedbutter,plus2Tbsp.forfinishingthedish
1Tbsp.shallot,diced¼inch
1tsp.choppedfreshthyme
2oz.highqualityslabbacon,diced¼inch
¼cuptoastedpankobreadcrumbs,plusanadditional½cupforfinishingthedish
1Tbsp.freshchoppedItalianparsley
¼cupgratedgranaPadanoorparmigianareggianocheese
¼cupdrysherry
Method:
1. Dicethemushroomstalks.Cookthebaconinapanonmediumheattoreleasethefatandbrownlightly,thenaddthedicedmushroomsstalks,garlic,thyme,andshallot,andcookfor2moreminutes.Seasontotastewithsaltandpepper,thende-glazethepanwithsherry.Cook,stirringoccasionallyuntilthealcoholhasmostlyevaporated,thenremovethemixturetoabowlandstirinthecheese,¼cuptoastedbreadcrumbsand1Tbsp.ofsoftenedbutter.
2. Heattheovento375.3. Mixthehalfcupofreserved,toastedbreadcrumbswiththeparsley,thenpackthemushroomcapsfullofthe
stuffingandplaceinawidebakingdishorcastironpan,topwiththebreadcrumb-parsleymixture,anddotwiththeremaining2Tbsp.butter.
4. Bakefor25minutesoruntilthoroughlycookedandhotthroughout.5. Serveimmediately.
CheckoutChefAlanBergo’swebsiteatwww.foragerchef.comforsomegreatmushroomsrecipesandotherinformationaboutforagingandwildmushrooms.
SomeoneStoletheBlob
InNorthCenterIllinoissomeonestoletheBlob,whichwasamysteriousfungalmoundthatspilledoutofayardmorethan15yearsagoandwasafixtureeversinceonthesidewalkinfrontofthishome.AroundLaborDaytheBlobwentmissing.Notascrapremains.JustastainonthesidewalktomarkthespotwheretheBloboncelived.Thepolicearemystifiedbythefungusthief’smethodofremovalandwhatcouldbetheperson’smotive.Despiteitsspongyappearancethemoundwasrockhard.Youcouldnotjustbenddownandpickitup.Youwouldneedaspadeorsomekindoftoolanditwasalmost3feetlong.SonowthisbitofhistoryonMontrosestreetisgone.Somanypeopleenjoyedseeingit.Someevenkneeleddowntotaketheirpicturewithit.Itwasindescribable,indestructible,andnowjustgone.ByPattiWetli,www.dnainfo.com,Sep21,2015
EgyptEasesErgotBanonWheatAfterSellerOutrage–Part1
Egypthasliftedabanoneventraceamountsoftheergotfungus,Clavicepspurpurea,initswheatimportsaftersellersenragedbyCairo’sdemandsboycotted,threateningthesupplyoftheworld’slargestimporterofthegrain.ThisannouncementbytheCabinetreinstatesrulesallowingimportedwheatcargoestocontainupto0.05percentofergot,inlinewithglobalstandards.Thisamountofergotfungusissupposedtobe“harmless.”
Clavicepspurpureaisextremelypoisonousifeatenbycattleorhumansinproductscontainingtheinfectedgrain(wheat,rye,barley)andcancauseviolentpoisoningknownasSt.Anthony’sFire.Itcanproducehallucination,aburningfeeling,etc.Itwas
theoriginalsourceofLSD,thepotentpsychedelicdrug.Therearetwotypes:convulsiveandgangrenousergotism.Thefirstischaracterizedbynervousdysfunctionsandthesecondoneiswherevictimsmaylosepartsoftheirextremities.Thecureisavoidanceofthefungus.
Thehistoryofergotfunguspoisoningsisveryinteresting.ThroughtheyearstherearemanyeventslinkedtoitincludingitsroleintheSalemWitchHuntof1692wheresomewomeninSalemdevelopedpeculiarbehaviorsaftereatingergot-contaminatedfood.Itdoeshaveitsuseinmedicinesinceitcontainschemicalsthatcanhelpreducebleedingbycausinganarrowingofthebloodvessels.
Ergotisparasiticontheovariesofgrainsandeventuallyreplacesthem.Itiscommonlyseenprojectingfromthefloweringpartsofgrassesbeforeitfallstotheground.Thesearedarkpurpleorblackgrainkernels,knownasergotbodies.MorerecentlyergotsproducedbydifferentstrainsofClavicepspurpurea,andthosegrowingindifferentsoils,mayproducedifferentergotalkaloidcompositions.Thismayexplainthedifferentmanifestationsofergotismindifferentoutbreaks.Lesswealthycountriesaremorepronetobeingpoisonedbytheergotfungusandismostcommonintheryeplant.Infact,itsoccurrencewassocommonthatitwasthoughttobepartoftheplantuntilthe1850’swhenthetruenatureofergotwasunderstood.Formoreinformationseewww.botany.hawaii.edu.PhotobyH.Barnhart
