Musculoskeletal Flash CardsNeck, trunk, & Pelvis

Prepared by: Feng-Yen LiSupervised by: Kim Topp

IntroductionUseful tips for usage:1. These flashcards are meant to help you learn the movements

of the muscles. They are most useful when you see how the movements makes sense in relation to the origin and insertion points.

2. For exam purposes, you only need to know (memorize) the action, innervation, and arterial supply of each muscle. But Italicized = do not need to know for exam.

3. The purple slides are summary slides (if applicable) of subsequent muscles. Use these to learn the common properties of groups of muscles.

4. Information about each muscle is also listed in the notes section under each picture slide.

5. The titles in table of contents are hyperlinked its slide, but you need to go into presentation mode to use the hyperlinks.

Acknowledgements

Special thanks go to: Kim Topp for reviewing all the slides for validity. Daniel Orjuela and Paul Teresi for taking the

cadaver pictures. UCSF 2006 Curriculum Ambassador Program

for funding this project. UCSF 2006 Curriculum Ambassadors and

Mentors for offering useful suggestions. Members of the UCSF Class of 2009 for inspiring

and supporting me to do this project.

Useful Websites

Here are other useful sites to learn the muscles:

http://www.rad.washington.edu/atlas/ (shows each muscle in isolation)

http://www.ithaca.edu/faculty/lahr/LE2000/LE_index.html

(has many nicely labeled cadaver pictures)

Table of Contents

Gluteal RegionIlliopsoasGluteus MaximusGluteus MediusGluteus MinimusPiriformisTensor Fasciae Latae

Neck and ThoraxScalenesSternocleidomastoidLevator ScapulaeSpleniusPectoralis MajorPectoralis MinorSerratus AnteriorTrapeziusRhomboidLatissimus DorsiTeres MajorTeres MinorInfraspinatusSupraspinatusDeltoids

Neck and Trunk

Scalenes

anteriormiddleposterior

anterior

posteriormiddle

Origin

Insertion

Scalenes

• Origin Cervical vertebrae

• Insertion First two ribs

• Action Flex + slightly rotate neck

• Innervation Anterior primary rami of C5, 6; (Rami and trunks of brachial plexus passes between anterior and middle scalenes)

• Arterial Supply (Subclavian vein passes anterior to anterior scalene; Subclavian artery passes posterior to anterior scalene)

Sternocleidomastoid

Origin

Insertion

Sternocleidomastoid

• Origin Manubrium, clavicle• Insertion Mastoid process• Action flex + rotate head• Innervation Accessory nerve (cranial nerve XI)• Arterial Supply Sternocleidomastoid artery

Levator ScapulaeOrigin

Insertion

Levator Scapulae• Origin Cervical vertebrae• Insertion Superior part of medial border of

scapula • Action Elevates scapula • Innervation Dorsal scapula (C5) and cervical

(C3 and C4) nerves • Arterial Supply Dorsal scapular artery

Splenius

Origin Insertion

Splenius• Origin Thoracic vertebrae• Insertion Mastoid process• Action Extends and rotates head and neck• Innervation Dorsal rami• Arterial Supply Muscular branch of occipital

artery

Pectoralis Major

OriginInsertion

Pectoralis Major• Origin Clavicle, sternum, 6th costal cartilage• Insertion humerus• Action Flexes, adducts, + medially rotates arm• Innervation Medial and lateral pectoral nerves • Arterial Supply pectoral branch of the

thoracoacromial trunk

Pectoralis Minor

Origin Insertion

Pectoralis Minor• Origin 3rd to 5th ribs • Insertion coracoid process • Action Stabilizes scapula by drawing it inferiorly and

anteriorly against thoracic wall • Innervation Medial pectoral nerves; clavicular head (C8

and T1) • Arterial Supply Pectoral branch of the thoracoacromial

trunk

Serratus AnteriorOrigin Insertion

Serratus Anterior• Origin Ribs• Insertion Scapula• Action protract + superiorly rotate scapula• Innervation long thoracic nerve • Arterial Supply lateral thoracic artery

TrapeziusInsertion

Ori

gin

Trapezius• Origin thoracic/cervical vertebrae, occiput• Insertion clavicle, acromion, + spine of scapula • Action elevate, retract, depress, + superiorly

rotate scapula• Innervation Accessory nerve (CN XI)• Arterial Supply Transverse cervical artery

Rhomboid

Origin

Insertion

Rhomboid• Origin thoracocervical vertebrae• Insertion Medial border of scapula• Action Retract + inferiorly rotate scapula• Innervation Dorsal scapular nerve (C4, C5)• Arterial Supply Dorsal scapular artery

Latissimus Dorsi

Origin

Insertion

Latissimus Dorsi• Origin Thoracolumbar fascia, thoracic vertebra,

illiac crest, ribs• Insertion humerus• Action Extends, adducts, and medially rotates

humerus; raises body toward arms during climbing • Innervation Thoracodorsal nerve (C6, C7, and C8) • Arterial Supply Thoracodorsal artery

Teres Major

Origin

Insertion

Teres Major• Origin Inferior angle of scapula • Insertion Humerus• Action Adducts and medially rotates arm;

assist arm extension• Innervation Lower subscapular nerve (C6

and C7) • Arterial Supply Subscapular and

circumflex scapular arteries

Teres Minor

Origin

Insertion

Teres Minor

• Origin Lateral border of scapula • Insertion Greater tuberosity of humerus • Action Laterally rotate arm; hold humeral head in

glenoid fossa • Innervation Axillary nerve (C5 and C6) • Arterial Supply Subscapular and circumflex scapular

arteries

Infraspinatus

Origin

Insertion

Infraspinatus

• Origin Medial border of scapula • Insertion Greater tuberosity of humerus • Action Laterally rotate arm; helps to hold humeral

head in glenoid fossa • Innervation Suprascapular nerve (C5 and C6) • Arterial Supply Suprascapular and circumflex

scapular arteries

Supraspinatus

OriginInsertion

Supraspinatus

• Origin Supraspinous fossa of scapula • Insertion Greater tuberosity of humerus • Action Initiates and assists deltoid in abduction• Innervation Suprascapular nerve (C4, C5 and C6)• Arterial Supply Suprascapular artery

Subscapularis

OriginInsertion

Subscapularis• Origin Subscapular fossa of scapula • Insertion Lesser tuberosity of humerus • Action Medially rotates arm and adducts it; helps

to hold humeral head in glenoid cavity. • Innervation Upper and lower subscapular nerves

(C5, C6 and C7)• Arterial Supply Subscapular artery

Deltoids

Origin

Insertion

Deltoids• Origin clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula • Insertion humerus • Action All movements of arm except adduction • Innervation Axillary nerve (C5 and C6) • Arterial Supply anterior and posterior

circumflex humeral arteries

Gluteal Region

IliopsoasOrigin

Insertion

Iliopsoas• Origin Lumbar vertebrae and iliac fossa• Insertion Lesser trochanter of femur• Action Flex the torso and thigh with respect to

each other; flex the thigh at the hip joint• Innervation

– Psoas: lumbar plexus; L1-4

– Iliacus: femoral nerve (L2-4)

• Arterial Supply Internal iliac artery

Gluteus MaximusOrigin

Insertion

Gluteus Maximus• Origin Sacrum and pelvis• Insertion Femur and iliotibial band to tibia• Action Major extensor of thigh at hip joint• Innervation Inferior gluteal nerve (L5, S1,

S2) • Arterial Supply Inferior and superior gluteal

arteries

Gluteus MediusOrigin

Insertion

Gluteus Medius• Origin Dorsal ilium inferior to iliac crest • Insertion Greater trochanter • Action Major abductor of thigh; rotate thigh

medially and laterally• Innervation Superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5,

S1) • Arterial Supply Superior gluteal artery

Gluteus MinimusOrigin

Insertion

Gluteus Minimus• Origin Dorsal ilium between inferior and

anterior gluteal lines• Insertion Greater trochanter • Action Abducts and medially rotates the

thigh • Innervation Superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5,

S1) • Arterial Supply Superior gluteal artery

Piriformis

Origin

Insertion

Piriformis• Origin Sacrum • Insertion Greater trochanter • Action Lateral rotator of the hip joint; also

helps abduct the hip if it is flexed • Innervation Piriformis nerve (S1, S2) • Arterial Supply Superior and inferior gluteal

and internal pudendal arteries

Tensor Fasciae Latae

Origin

Insertion

Tensor Fasciae Latae• Origin ASIS • Insertion Iliotibial band to tibia• Action Helps stabilize and steady the hip and

knee joints by putting tension on the iliotibial band of fascia

• Innervation Superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1) • Arterial Supply Superior gluteal and lateral

circumflex femoral artery