Multi-isotope and elemental pattern for tracing the geographical origin of Treviso Red Chicory (NE Italy)

Alba Gallo*1, Daniele Zannoni1, Anastassiya Tchaikovsky2, Barbara Stenni1, Christine Opper3, Federica Camin4, Giancarlo Rampazzo1, Thomas Prohaska3

• Corresponding author: alba.gallo@unive.it; 1 Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, Italy; 2FFoQSI-Austrian Competence Centre for Feedand Food Quality, Safety & Innovation, Austria; 3 Department of Chemistry-VIRIS Research group, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Austria; 4 IASMA, Edmund Mach Foundation, Italy

How?Soil (n= 92) Plant (n= 68) Fertilizer (n= 7) Water (n= 40)

Multi-element analyses(Ca, Na, K, S, Mg, P, Fe, Al, Si, As, Cd, Cr,

Cu, Sr, Rb, V, Co, Ba, Mn, Zn, Ti)

prepFastseparation

MC-ICP-MS

87Sr/ 86Sr

Results - soil

Conclusions

IRMS TC/EA

δDδ18O

δ15Nδ34Sδ13C

legebbjh

Where?Protected Geographical Indication (PGI) area

VDC1

TRS1TRS1

TRS1TRS1

• Multi-element analysis allows a good preliminary geographic fingerprint• Isotope composition have been applied to verify the geographic origin:

C3-plant (Calvin cycle); δ15N, δ34S andδ13C in soil and chicory samples show the local agricultural practices; δD and δ18O are probably related to: composition of soil water, organic material and plant physiology

• Strontium isotope ratios in upper soil samples show a clear discrimination between the farms• Discrimination analyses provide a clear sample separation according to the provenance of samples,

despite the overlap between the late chicory variety in different sites• The elemental and stable isotopic fingerprints give a clear discrimination between the investigated sites

• Multi-element and stable isotopes composition in water and fertilizer sample• Sr isotope determination in red chicory, water and fertilizer samples• A further improvement is expected with an increasing number of data

digestion/separation

ICP-MS

Next steps

Unique fingerprint of PGI protected Treviso Red Chicory compared to red chicory produced in Padova (Veneto, NE Italy)

GoalLegend : R= Treviso farm G= Padova farm P= early variety T= late variety c= fertilizers 2= second year

Results - chicoryu

g/g

L i V C r C o N i C u R b C d T l 0

5

1 0

3 0

5 0

7 01 0 0

3 0 0

5 0 0

mg

/g

M g K C a N a F e B a M n S r0

1 0

2 0

3 0

5 0 0

1 0 0 0

1 5 0 0

2 0 0 0

Multi-element composition

G P 2 G P 2 G P c 2 R P 2 R P cR P

Isotope composition

Multi-element composition Isotope compositionLegend: R= Treviso farm G= Padova farm P= early variety T= late variety c= fertilizers 2= second year

LegendTRS1= alluvial plain; clayey-skeletal (Pleistocene)VDC1= alluvial plain; fine-loamy (Pleistocene)CMS1/TRE1= alluvial plain; coarse-loamy (Pleistocene)CAG1= alluvial plain; fine-loamy (Holocene)MOG1/ZRM1= alluvial plain; fine-silty (Pleistocene)CMS1/TRE1

VDC1CAG1 MOG1/ZRM1

Upper soil (0-20 cm)

ug

/g

S M

g N a

C d0 .0

0 .1

0 .2

0 .35 0

1 0 5 0

2 0 5 0

3 0 5 0

4 0 5 0

5 0 5 0

6 0 5 0

ug/g

N a R b C oM n Z n

0 .0

0 .1

0 .2

0 .3

0 .41

1 1

2 1

3 1

4 1

5 0 0

1 0 0 0

1 5 0 0

50

1 700

mg

/g

Mg K C

aN

a F eB

aM

n S r0

5

1 0

1 5

5 01 0 01 5 02 0 02 5 03 0 05 0 0

1 0 0 0

1 5 0 0

L i V C r

C o N i

C u R b

C d T l

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

91 0

1 2 0

2 3 0

3 4 0

ug

/g

‰

δ1 5 N

δ1 3 C

δ3 4 S δD

δ1 8 O

-9 0

-8 0

-7 0

-6 0

-5 0-3 0

-2 9

-2 8

-2 70

5

1 0

1 5

2 0

2 5

3 0

δ1 5 N

δ1 3 C

δ3 4 S δD

δ1 8 O

-8 5-7 5-6 5-5 5-4 5-3 5-2 9

-2 8

-2 7

-2 60

1 0

2 0

‰

30

‰

δ1 5 N δ

1 3 C-3 0

-2 5

-2 0

-1 5

5

6

7

8

‰

δ1 5 N

δ1 3 C

-3 0

-2 5

-2 0

-1 5

-1 06

7

8

9

LDA

LDA

Upper soil (0-20 cm)

G P 2 G P 2 G P c 2 R P 2 R P cR P