Mui1 what is environment
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Transcript of Mui1 what is environment
26 avr. 2011 http://christophe-benavent.blogspot.com 1
Global and European Business Environment :
What is environment ?
Christophe BenaventProfessor – University Paris Ouest
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Business environment
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Functional components
❚ Customer Market -> downward markets❚ Financial resources -> macro-economics❚ Supply -> upward markets❚ Production and distribution technologies❚ Human resources ❚ Legal and institutional environment❚ Environmental aspects : externalities❚ Public opinion and ethics : legitimacy❚ …
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The PESTEL model
❚ Political ❚ Economical❚ Sociological❚ Technological❚ Environmental❚ Legal
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General and specific environment
Macro
Micro
TaskGeneral
Global environment
Local environmentGeneral environment
Specific environment
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A system view of task environment
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A system view of general environment
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The 2007 crisis system
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Environment uncertainty
❚ A classical organizational variable❙ Dynamism❙ Heterogeneity❙ Munificence❙ Complexity
❚ Exemples :❙ organisations as reducing uncertainty ( buffering and
smoothing) Thomson❙ Contingency theory : Lawrence and lorsch❙ Ressources Dependence Theory : complexity and
network of stakeholder influence
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CAC 40
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Down Jones
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Environment/strategy link
❚ Different views❙ The contingency view : adaptation view of
environment (Lawrence and Lorsch)❙ organizational Ecology : a determinist
environment ( Hanan and Freeman)❙ The enactement view : a constructed
environment (Weick)❙ The strategic management view : the
modeled or choice environment ( Ansoff)
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Action modalities
❚ Assimilation
❚ Accommodation
❚ Sélection
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Rent theory
Rentes de monopole-Différenciation--Domestication
Rentes Différentielles-économie d'échelle-économie d'expérience--économie d'envergure
Domination par les coûts
FocalisationConcurrencemonopolistique
Hyper-compétitivité
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Environment adaptation
Market powerThe firm could influence, modify, model its environment
MobilityThe firm could changeIts position and chooseThe environment
Selection
Accommodation Assimilation
Reconfiguration
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The grain of environment
Amplitude
frequency
Mecanist
SpecialistPolymorphist
« Improvisist »
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Processus d ’apprentissage
Extensive
Intensif
IntentionnelAccidentel
Apprentissageexpérimental
Apprentissagepar l'usage
Apprentissagepar imitation
Apprentissagepar l'échec
Apprentissagepar l'usage
ApprentissageThéorique
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Boundaries and frontierGeneral Field
Internal field
Uncertainties
Bridges
Barriers
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Field concept of environment and Ecology
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Trends
1. shifts in economic activity and growth between and within regions of the world; 2. increasing demand for goods and services among the very poor in emerging
markets; (Bope)3. a faster pace and wider locus of technological innovation;4. Increasingly global labor markets : migrations ?5. increasingly ubiquitous and inexpensive access to information and knowledge.