MTAT.03.231 Business Process Management (BPM) Lecture 9: Process Automation
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Transcript of MTAT.03.231 Business Process Management (BPM) Lecture 9: Process Automation
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MTAT.03.231Business Process Management (BPM)
Lecture 9: Process Automation
Marlon Dumas
marlon.dumas ät ut . Ee
(including slides by Remco Dijkman, TU/e)
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Where are we?
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• Use data sharing (Intranets, ERPs) to:– Increase availability of information to improve decisions or
visibility (subject to security/privacy)– Avoid duplicate data entry, paper copies
• Use network technology to:– Replace materials (e.g. paper document) flow with
information flow• E.g. querying government agency DBs replacing document flow
– Increase communication speed: e-mail, SMS• Note: e-mails are unavoidable, but not always desirable
– Enable self-service (e.g. online forms)(T+,Q+/-,C+/-,F-)
Business Process Automation Possibilities
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Business Process Automation Possibilities
• Use tracking technology to identify/locate materials and resources where reasonable– Identification: Bar code, RFID– Location: indoor positioning, GPS
• Use Business Rule Management Systems to automate decision tasks– Capture and automate business rules where effective
• Use Business Process Management Systems (BPMS) or related technology to automate end-to-end processes
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Data-Driven vs. Process-Aware
• A data-aware system provides functions that allow users to do anything they wish and can…– Example: our study info system
• A process-aware system users figure out what needs to be done and when– E.g. insurance claims handling system
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BPMS – General Architecture
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Worklist
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BPMS Landscape
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The Journey to Executable Processes
more abstract
moreconcrete
morebusinessoriented
moretechnolog
yoriented
1
Executable
Model
ProcessModel
2
3
Complete process
Cover all aspects
Adjust task granularity
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1. Complete process
A process often misses control-flow information,because the modelers:
• assumed that it is common knowledge• didn’t know• got contradicting statements• just forgot/ were being lazy• …
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1. Complete process
A process often misses control-flow information:• missing time-outs?• All possible loops/rework captured?• ‘sunny day’ scenario but also ‘rainy day’
scenarios?• Alternatives • …
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1. Complete process
Sunny day scenario:
there is no rejection
acceptreceiveapplication
pay out
Correct by adding a ‘rejection’.
reject
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2. Cover all aspects
• Work assignment rules• Data• Invoked applications
enterrequest
approverequest
Applicationcase_idnamedetails
Approvalcase_idapproved
John SarahAdministrator Checker
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Processor
Senior Finance Officer
FinanceDepartment
What do we need to make a process model executable?
Check Invoice Mismatches
Post InvoiceEnter Invoice
Details
mismatch exists
no mismatches
Block Invoice
Invoice received
Invoice Invoice
1. Control flow2. Data flow3. Resources
> specify decisions, timeouts…> specify data types(e.g. XML Schema) and data mappings
> specify org. model, allocation strategies, application APIs...
Unfortunately, this is not enough…
SAP System
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Let’s get our hands dirty
• Fragment of equipment rental process in Bizagi
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3. Adjust task granularity
Make your tasks the right size, because:
a workflow engine sends work orders.• Should neither be too fine-grained
• nor too coarse-grained
entername
enterstreet
enternumber
enterplace
...
enter application andhave it approved (by somebody else)
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3. Adjust task granularity
A task of the right size should encompass work that a single person can perform ``uninterrupted’’
• nothing less (not too fine-grained)• nothing more (not too coarse-grained)
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3. Adjust task granularity
Consequently, split a task when work is handed over to:
• another role• another person• the system one task
handover to new role
enterclient
enterrequest
approverequest
Administrator Administrator Checker
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3. Adjust task granularity
Consequently, split a task when work is handed over to:
• another role• another person (due to work assignment)• the system
enterclient
enterrequest
approverequest
AdministratorAdministrator Checker
verifyrequest
(four eyes)
Administrator
one taskhandover to new person
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3. Adjust task granularity
Consequently, split a task when work is handed over to:
• another role• another person• the system
– for a routing decision– before or after an automated task