MS Science TAKS MS Science TAKS review for 8review for 8thth grade grade

TEACHER KEYTEACHER KEYScience Curriculum & Instruction Science Curriculum & Instruction

Spring ISDSpring ISD

You have a glass beaker filled with a mixture of You have a glass beaker filled with a mixture of hot chemicals. The beaker and mixture have a hot chemicals. The beaker and mixture have a mass of 247 grams. If you want to know the mass of 247 grams. If you want to know the mass of the chemicals only, what should you mass of the chemicals only, what should you have done first?have done first?

A.A. Pour the chemicals directly on a spring scale.Pour the chemicals directly on a spring scale.B.B. Find a very light container that can hold the Find a very light container that can hold the

chemicals.chemicals.C.C. Obtain the mass of an empty glass beaker of Obtain the mass of an empty glass beaker of

the same size.**the same size.**D.D. Separate the chemicals into their individual Separate the chemicals into their individual

components.components.TAKS 1 TEKS 6.4A, 7.4A, 8.4A

A student made 3 stacks of books. She leaned A student made 3 stacks of books. She leaned identical boards on each stack. She covered one identical boards on each stack. She covered one board with waxed paper, one with sandpaper, & one board with waxed paper, one with sandpaper, & one with cloth. She placed a toy car at the top of one with cloth. She placed a toy car at the top of one board, released it and let it roll until it stopped. She board, released it and let it roll until it stopped. She measured the distance the car traveled. She repeated measured the distance the car traveled. She repeated the procedure for the other two boards.the procedure for the other two boards.

What is the independent variable in this investigation?What is the independent variable in this investigation?

F. The distance the car rolled.F. The distance the car rolled.G. The height from which the car was released.G. The height from which the car was released.H. The number of books used.H. The number of books used.J. The surface of the board.**J. The surface of the board.**

TAKS 1 TEKS 8.2A

Which of the following is a safe way to Which of the following is a safe way to conserve resources in the lab?conserve resources in the lab?

A.A. Clean up all equipment at the same Clean up all equipment at the same time.time.

B.B. Use older, slightly damaged equipment.Use older, slightly damaged equipment.C.C. Carefully measure chemicals.**Carefully measure chemicals.**D.D. Clean up chemical spills quickly.Clean up chemical spills quickly.

TAKS 1 TEKS 8.1B

What is the average speed in m/s of the 4 trials of What is the average speed in m/s of the 4 trials of the toy car the travels down the ramp?the toy car the travels down the ramp?

F. 6F. 6G. 7**G. 7**H. 8H. 8J. 9J. 9

TrialTrial Speed (m/s)Speed (m/s)

11 66

22 77

33 66

44 99

TAKS 1 TEKS 8.2B

Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from the information shown?

A. Most types of matter heat up at the same rate.B. Most types of matter cool down at the same rate.C. It takes less energy to heat 1 g of silver then 1 g of gold.D. It takes more energy to heat 1 g of water then 1 g of copper.**

SubstanceSubstance Specific heat capacity (J/kg x Specific heat capacity (J/kg x oC)C)

AluminumAluminum 899899

CopperCopper 387387

GoldGold 129129

SilverSilver 234234

WaterWater 4,1844,184

WoodWood 176176

TAKS 1 TEKS 6.2D, 7.2D,8.2D

At the grocery store, a student looks at a label on a At the grocery store, a student looks at a label on a box of oatmeal. The advertisement he saw on TV box of oatmeal. The advertisement he saw on TV said that by eating this brand of oatmeal every said that by eating this brand of oatmeal every morning you would lose weight. Are the morning you would lose weight. Are the advertisement’s claims reliable?advertisement’s claims reliable?

F. No, no advertisement ever makes reliable claims.F. No, no advertisement ever makes reliable claims.G. No, you must diet and exercise to decrease body G. No, you must diet and exercise to decrease body

weight.**weight.**H. Yes, advertisements that are on TV and labeled on H. Yes, advertisements that are on TV and labeled on

the box are always truthful.the box are always truthful.J. Yes, eating oatmeal makes people lose weight.J. Yes, eating oatmeal makes people lose weight.

TAKS 1 TEKS 8.3B

The graph shows the average number of days of sunny weather that Spring, Texas has each month for the last 10 years. If the trend continues next year, which month will Spring have the least amount of sunny days?

A. DecemberB. January**C. JulyD. September TAKS 1

TEKS 8.4B

05

10152025303540

Days

Jan Feb March April May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec

Months

Sunny Days in Spring, TX

A student hears a scientist on the news the A student hears a scientist on the news the says he thinks there is life on another planet. says he thinks there is life on another planet. What is the most important question that the What is the most important question that the student should ask in order to critique what the student should ask in order to critique what the scientist is saying?scientist is saying?

F. Does the scientist think there is life in other F. Does the scientist think there is life in other galaxies too?galaxies too?

G. What evidence is the scientist basing his G. What evidence is the scientist basing his statement on?**statement on?**

H. Where did the scientist study and go to H. Where did the scientist study and go to school?school?

J. Who works for the scientist and helps in his J. Who works for the scientist and helps in his research?research?

TAKS 1 TEKS 8.3A

Which of the following scientists was first to Which of the following scientists was first to suggest that Earth and the other planets in suggest that Earth and the other planets in the solar system revolve around the sun?the solar system revolve around the sun?

A.A. Isaac NewtonIsaac Newton

B.B. Marie CurieMarie Curie

C.C. Nicolas Copernicus**Nicolas Copernicus**

D.D. Galileo Galileo

TAKS 1 TEKS 8.3C, 8.13A

Which of the following questions about frogs Which of the following questions about frogs could be answered through a scientific could be answered through a scientific investigation?investigation?

F. Are frogs able to play musical instruments?F. Are frogs able to play musical instruments?G. Are some frog species happier than other G. Are some frog species happier than other

frog species?frog species?H. How do the diets of different frog species H. How do the diets of different frog species

differ?**differ?**J. What kind of dreams do frogs have?J. What kind of dreams do frogs have?

TAKS 1 TEKS 6.2A, 7.2A, 8.2A

The magnification of the eyepiece on a The magnification of the eyepiece on a compound microscope is 10X. The compound microscope is 10X. The magnification of the objective lens of 100X. magnification of the objective lens of 100X. What is the total magnification?What is the total magnification?

A.A. 10X10XB.B. 90X90XC.C. 110X110XD.D. 1,000X**1,000X**

TAKS 1 TEKS 6.4A, 7.4A, 8.4A

Which of the following objects would make the best model of a blood vessel?

F. A steel pipe

G. A rubber tube**

H. A cotton string

J. An electrical wire

TAKS 1 TEKS 8.3C

The graph show world population growth over the The graph show world population growth over the last 200 years. If the trend continues the world last 200 years. If the trend continues the world population will – population will –

A.A. decreasedecreaseB.B. increase, then decreaseincrease, then decreaseC.C. Increase**Increase**D.D. stay the samestay the same TAKS 1

TEKS 8.2C

World Population Growth

0123456789

10

1800 1850 1900 1950 2000Year

Population(in billions)

A student is planning an investigation A student is planning an investigation about plants. She says, “Plants grow about plants. She says, “Plants grow better in sunlight.” This statement is an better in sunlight.” This statement is an example of –example of –

F. dataF. data

G. a hypothesis**G. a hypothesis**

H. an investigationH. an investigation

J. a procedureJ. a procedure

TAKS 1 TEKS 6.2A, 7.2A, 8.2A

You have a bag of cookies that says it You have a bag of cookies that says it contains 34 grams. Which tool would contains 34 grams. Which tool would you use to check to be sure that the you use to check to be sure that the bag actually contains 34 grams?bag actually contains 34 grams?

A.A. Graduated cylinderGraduated cylinderB.B. Meter stickMeter stickC.C. Triple beam balance**Triple beam balance**D.D. Spring scaleSpring scale

TAKS 1 TEKS 6.4A, 7.4A, 8.4A

Which would be an important piece of safety Which would be an important piece of safety equipment to use when heating a substance equipment to use when heating a substance in science lab?in science lab?

F H

G** J

TAKS 1 TEKS 8.1A

Nitrogen fertilizer is often added to soil Nitrogen fertilizer is often added to soil to increase the growth of grass in lawns. to increase the growth of grass in lawns. Which of these nearby ecosystems Which of these nearby ecosystems would most likely be harmed by the use would most likely be harmed by the use of nitrogen fertilizer?of nitrogen fertilizer?

A.A. ForestForestB.B. MeadowMeadowC.C. ParkParkD.D. Pond**Pond**

TAKS 2 TEKS 8.12C

Which type of diagram provides the Which type of diagram provides the most information about the feeding most information about the feeding relationship among organisms in an relationship among organisms in an ecosystem?ecosystem?

F. Food chainF. Food chain

G. Food web**G. Food web**

H. Energy chainH. Energy chain

J. Energy pyramidJ. Energy pyramid

TAKS 2 TEKS 8.6C

The diagram shows the natural pattern of an ecosystem changing over time. This is known as – This is known as –

A.A. mutualismmutualismB.B. photosynthesisphotosynthesisC.C. predation predation D.D. succession**succession**

TAKS 2 TEKS 7.12D

What is one way that plant and animal What is one way that plant and animal cells are different?cells are different?

F. Plant cells do not have cell membranes.F. Plant cells do not have cell membranes.

G. Only animal cells contain cytoplasm.G. Only animal cells contain cytoplasm.

H. Only plant cells contain a nucleus.H. Only plant cells contain a nucleus.

J. Only plant cells have cell walls.**J. Only plant cells have cell walls.**

TAKS 2 TEKS 6.10B

Which biome is found around Earth’s Which biome is found around Earth’s North and south Poles?North and south Poles?

A.A. Deciduous forestDeciduous forest

B.B. Tropical RainforestTropical Rainforest

C.C. TaigaTaiga

D.D. Tundra**Tundra**

TAKS 2 TEKS 7.12C

Nerves are made of tissue, so nerves Nerves are made of tissue, so nerves are made of –are made of –

F. cells**F. cells**

G. organsG. organs

H. organ systemsH. organ systems

J. organismsJ. organisms

TAKS 2 TEKS 6.10C

Organisms found living in a tundra would be adapted to live in –

A. low altitudes

B. cold conditions**

C. sunny conditions

D. wet areas

TAKS 2 TEKS 7.12C

What occurs during photosynthesis?

F. Biomass is converted into chemical energy.

G. Heat energy is converted into biomass.

H. Chemical energy is transferred into heat energy.

J. Solar energy is transferred into chemical energy.**

TAKS 2 TEKS 7.8B

When an organism dies, chemical energy is still stored in its body’s tissues. Energy is released from the body through the process of –

A. decomposition**B. differentiationC. osmosisD. photosynthesis

TAKS 2 TEKS 6.8B

The Punnett square shows the genotype of two mice. B represents the allele for brown hair. The allele of white hair is represented by b. What are the possible genotypes of the mice’s offspring?

F. BB onlyG. Bb only**H. BB and bbJ. BB, bb and Bb

TAKS 2 TEKS 7.10C, 8.11C

?? ??

?? ??

B B

b

b

When a baby kangaroo is born, the first thing is does is crawl into its mother’s pouch. What type of behavior is the baby kangaroo exhibiting?

A. Innate behavior**B. Learned behaviorC. Emotional behaviorD. Both innate and learned behavior

TAKS 2 TEKS 8.11B

How does the respiratory system interact with How does the respiratory system interact with the muscular system?the muscular system?

F. The muscular system produces blood which is F. The muscular system produces blood which is needed by the lungs to work.needed by the lungs to work.

G. The muscular system makes mucus for the G. The muscular system makes mucus for the trachea.trachea.

H. The respiratory system provides the oxygen H. The respiratory system provides the oxygen needed by the muscles to work.**needed by the muscles to work.**

J. The respiratory system causes the muscles to J. The respiratory system causes the muscles to movement.movement.

TAKS 2 TEKS 8.6A

The circulatory system carries oxygen The circulatory system carries oxygen and nutrients to every cell in an animals and nutrients to every cell in an animals body. Which part of the system is body. Which part of the system is needed to carry the oxygen out to the needed to carry the oxygen out to the rest of the body?rest of the body?

A.A. Arteries **Arteries **B.B. HeartHeartC.C. LungsLungsD.D. VeinsVeins

TAKS 2 TEKS 6.5B

The skull is part of the skeletal system in an The skull is part of the skeletal system in an animal. One of the functions of the skeletal animal. One of the functions of the skeletal system is to protect soft body parts. The skull’s system is to protect soft body parts. The skull’s structure helps to perform this function because structure helps to perform this function because the skull – the skull –

F. has marrow, which produce blood cellsF. has marrow, which produce blood cellsG. has sharp teeth, which the animal uses to eatG. has sharp teeth, which the animal uses to eatH. is flexible, which allows the brain to continue H. is flexible, which allows the brain to continue

growing.growing.J. is hard, which protects the brain from being J. is hard, which protects the brain from being

injured.**injured.** TAKS 2 TEKS 6.5B

What is taken in by a plant as part of photosynthesis?

A. Carbon dioxide**

B. Chemical energy

C. Oxygen

D. Sulfur

TAKS 2 TEKS 8.6B

Predict how many grams of water the atmosphere could hold at 500 C.

F. 25 g

G. 35 g

H. 52 g**

J. 62 g TAKS 2 TEKS 8.10B

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

0 10 20 30 40 50

Gra

ms

of w

ater

oC

How do consumers interact with How do consumers interact with producers in an ecosystem?producers in an ecosystem?

A.A. Producers eat consumersProducers eat consumers

B.B. Consumers eat producers**Consumers eat producers**

C.C. Producers decompose consumersProducers decompose consumers

D.D. Decomposers produce consumersDecomposers produce consumers

TAKS 2 TEKS 7.12B

A forest ecosystem has an increase in rainfall A forest ecosystem has an increase in rainfall so more wildflowers grow. The wildflowers so more wildflowers grow. The wildflowers support a greater number of butterflies. Lizards support a greater number of butterflies. Lizards in the forest eat butterflies. The lizard in the forest eat butterflies. The lizard population will most likely be affected by the population will most likely be affected by the increase in the butterfly population by the size increase in the butterfly population by the size of the lizard population – of the lizard population –

F. decreasingF. decreasing

G. decreasing then increasingG. decreasing then increasing

H. increasing**H. increasing**

J. staying the sameJ. staying the sameTAKS 2 TEKS 8.11A

The Punnett square shows the genotype of two rose The Punnett square shows the genotype of two rose parents. T represents the allele for large thorns. The parents. T represents the allele for large thorns. The allele for small thorns is represented by t. What are the allele for small thorns is represented by t. What are the possible genotypes of the rose’s offspring?possible genotypes of the rose’s offspring?

A.A. Tt onlyTt onlyB.B. Tt and ttTt and ttC.C. TT and TtTT and TtD.D. TT, Tt and tt**TT, Tt and tt**

?? ??

?? ??

tT

T

t

TAKS 2 TEKS 8.11C

Humans brought domesticated cats to the Humans brought domesticated cats to the island of Madagascar. Several types of island of Madagascar. Several types of ground-nesting birds became extinct after the ground-nesting birds became extinct after the cats arrived. Which kind of threat to native cats arrived. Which kind of threat to native animals is this an example of?animals is this an example of?

F. Foreign animal trade F. Foreign animal trade

G. Habitat destructionG. Habitat destruction

H. Species introduction**H. Species introduction**

J. Unregulated huntingJ. Unregulated hunting

TAKS 2 TEKS 8.14B

All of the populations living within an All of the populations living within an area make up a(n) –area make up a(n) –

A.A. community**community**

B.B. ecosystemecosystem

C.C. organismorganism

D.D. speciesspecies

TAKS 2 TEKS 6.10C, 8.6C

What type of energy is transferred into What type of energy is transferred into chemical energy in the process of chemical energy in the process of photosynthesis?photosynthesis?

F. chemicalF. chemicalG. kineticG. kineticH. potentialH. potentialJ. radiant**J. radiant**

TAKS 3 TEKS 7.8B

Which of the following elements would be the best conductor?

A. Au**

B. C

C. Ne

D. S

TAKS 3 TEKS 8.9B

Which two elements are most similar?

F. H and O

G. Fe and Co

H. Li and F

J. Mg and Sr**

TAKS 3 TEKS 8.9B

The formula that represents sodium The formula that represents sodium chloride, commonly known as salt, is – chloride, commonly known as salt, is –

A.A. HH22OO

B.B. NaCl**NaCl**

C.C. SaLtSaLt

D.D. SoChSoCh

TAKS 3 TEKS 8.9C

This Bohr model represents the element – This Bohr model represents the element –

F. CarbonF. Carbon

G. Fluorine**G. Fluorine**

H. OxygenH. Oxygen

J. NeonJ. NeonTAKS 3 TEKS 8.8A

What part of the oxygen atom contains neutral particles?

A. Electrons

B. Electron clouds

C. Isotopes

D. Nucleus**

TAKS 3 TEKS 8.8A, 8.8B

Which of the following must be the same for every atom of the element hydrogen?

F. Atomic massG. Number of electronsH. Number of neutronsJ. Number of protons**

TAKS 3 TEKS 8.8A, 8.8B

You find an object that is shiny and You find an object that is shiny and solid. It conducts heat and electricity. solid. It conducts heat and electricity. How would the object be classified?How would the object be classified?

A.A. noble gasnoble gasB.B. non-metalnon-metalC.C. metal**metal**D.D. halogenhalogen

TAKS 3 TEKS 8.9B

Which of the following is not a property Which of the following is not a property of an atom?of an atom?

F. Color**F. Color**

G. Electric chargeG. Electric charge

H. MassH. Mass

J. Number of protonsJ. Number of protons

TAKS 3 TEKS 8.8A, 8.8B

Which of the following changes is not a physical change?

A. Beating an egg

B. Making a tossed salad

C. Boiling water

D. Frying an egg**

TAKS 3 TEKS 6.7B, 8.9A

As the stored chemical energy in biomass is As the stored chemical energy in biomass is decomposed in a compost bin, what is most decomposed in a compost bin, what is most of the energy converted into?of the energy converted into?

F. Heat**F. Heat**

G. OxygenG. Oxygen

H. SoilH. Soil

J. WaterJ. Water

TAKS 3 TEKS 6.8B

The tendency of an object at rest to The tendency of an object at rest to remain at rest or an object in motion to remain at rest or an object in motion to remain in motion is known as –remain in motion is known as –

A.A. frictionfriction

B.B. inertia**inertia**

C.C. workwork

D.D. zero gravityzero gravity

TAKS 4 TEKS 8.7A

A blow dryer transforms –

F. electrical energy to potential energy

G. electrical energy to thermal energy**

H. kinetic energy to thermal energy

J. thermal energy to heat

TAKS 4 TEKS 6.9A

A student places a pan of water on a hot A student places a pan of water on a hot plate. All the water becomes hot. What plate. All the water becomes hot. What process heats the water at the top of the process heats the water at the top of the pan?pan?

A. ConductionA. ConductionB. Convection**B. Convection**C. EvaporationC. EvaporationD. RadiationD. Radiation

TAKS 4 TEKS 8.10A

A dirt bike rider has a mass of 50 kg. A dirt bike rider has a mass of 50 kg. The dirt bike has a mass of 200 kg. How The dirt bike has a mass of 200 kg. How much force is needed to accelerate the much force is needed to accelerate the rider and the bike to 4 m/srider and the bike to 4 m/s2??

F. 2.5 NF. 2.5 N

G. 200 NG. 200 N

H. 800 NH. 800 N

J. 1,000 N**J. 1,000 N**

TAKS 4 TEKS 8.7A

What causes a rock to accelerate as it falls?

A. Air pushing down on the rock.

B. A person throwing it downward.

C. The force of gravity.**

D. The speed of the rock.

TAKS 4 TEKS 8.7A

A boat floats on water because of –A boat floats on water because of –

F. buoyant force**F. buoyant force**

G. gravityG. gravity

H. frictionH. friction

J. magnetismJ. magnetism

TAKS 4 TEKS 6.7B

What type of simple machine is used in the pliers shown?

A. Inclined plane

B. Lever**

C. Pulley

D. Wheel and axle TAKS 4 TEKS 7.6A

Which of the following forces stimulates Which of the following forces stimulates a seedling’s roots to grow downward?a seedling’s roots to grow downward?

F. Gravity**F. Gravity**

G. MagnetismG. Magnetism

H. MomentumH. Momentum

J. RadioactivityJ. Radioactivity

TAKS 4 TEKS 7.6C

When a piece of paper burns, chemical When a piece of paper burns, chemical energy changes to ____ energy.energy changes to ____ energy.

A.A. electricalelectrical

B.B. heat and light**heat and light**

C.C. kinetic and potentialkinetic and potential

D.D. mechanicalmechanical

TAKS 4 TEKS 6.9A

What simple machine changes the What simple machine changes the direction of a force without increasing or direction of a force without increasing or decreasing the force?decreasing the force?

F. Inclined planeF. Inclined plane

G. LeverG. Lever

H. Pulley**H. Pulley**

J. Wheel and axleJ. Wheel and axle

TAKS 4 TEKS 7.6A

A space heater transforms –A space heater transforms –

A.A. electrical energy to heat energy**electrical energy to heat energy**

B.B. electrical energy to potential energyelectrical energy to potential energy

C.C. kinetic energy to thermal energykinetic energy to thermal energy

D.D. thermal energy to heatthermal energy to heat

TAKS 4 TEKS 6.9A

How much work in joules is done when How much work in joules is done when a 12 N force moves an object 3.3 m? a 12 N force moves an object 3.3 m?

F. 3.64 JF. 3.64 J

G. 8.7 JG. 8.7 J

H. 15.3 JH. 15.3 J

J. 39.6 J**J. 39.6 J**

TAKS 4 TEKS 8.7A

A student is trying to move a large rock A student is trying to move a large rock in his yard. Which simple machine can in his yard. Which simple machine can best help get the rock off the ground?best help get the rock off the ground?

A.A. Inclined planeInclined planeB.B. Lever**Lever**C.C. Screw Screw D.D. Wheel and axleWheel and axle

TAKS 4 TEKS 7.6A

The diagram shows a large block held by a pulley system. What type of energy does the block have at this point in time?

F. Electrical

G. Kinetic

H. Potential**

J. Thermal

TAKS 4 TEKS 7.8A

When the heart contracts, it pumps When the heart contracts, it pumps blood to other parts of the body. The blood to other parts of the body. The blood moves because –blood moves because –

A.A. density of the blood increasesdensity of the blood increases

B.B. pressure in the heart increases**pressure in the heart increases**

C.C. size of the heart increasesize of the heart increase

D.D. temperature of the blood increasestemperature of the blood increases

TAKS 4 TEKS 7.6C

A person changes the oil in their car and dumps the old oil on the ground in an empty lot. How might this affect the environment?

F. The oil will evaporate.

G. The oil will not affect the environment.

H. The oil may enter the groundwater and pollute it.**

J. The oil may act as a fertilizer for plants.

TAKS 5 TEKS 6.14B, 7.14C, 8.14C

The tilt of Earth’s axis determines the – The tilt of Earth’s axis determines the –

A.A. length of a daylength of a day

B.B. length of a yearlength of a year

C.C. phases of the moonphases of the moon

D.D. seasons**seasons**

TAKS 5 TEKS 7.13A

All of the following are renewable energy resources except –

F. falling water

G. fossil fuels**

H. sunlight

J. wind

TAKS 5 TEKS 7,14C

Which of the following is an effect of the Which of the following is an effect of the increasing use of gasoline-powered vehicles?increasing use of gasoline-powered vehicles?

A.A. The depletion of a nonrenewable resource.**The depletion of a nonrenewable resource.**

B.B. The pollution of a inexhaustible resource.The pollution of a inexhaustible resource.

C.C. The recycling of a reusable resource.The recycling of a reusable resource.

D.D. The replenishment of a renewable resource.The replenishment of a renewable resource.

TAKS 5 TEKS 7.14C

The layer of the Earth that covers surface is the –

F. crust**

G. mantle

H. inner core

J. outer coreTAKS 5 TEKS 8.14A

What effect might cutting down a large forest What effect might cutting down a large forest have on the air in that location?have on the air in that location?

A.A. Carbon dioxide decreases and oxygen Carbon dioxide decreases and oxygen increases.increases.

B.B. Carbon dioxide increases and oxygen Carbon dioxide increases and oxygen decreases.**decreases.**

C.C. Levels of all gases increase.Levels of all gases increase.D.D. Levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide stay the Levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide stay the

same.same.

TAKS 5 TEKS 6.14C, 8.14C

Which of the following is the best evidence that Earth’s continents were once in very different positions than they are today?

F. Fossils of tropical plants have been found in Antarctica.**

G. Major rivers form deltas from erosion.

H. Penguins are found only in the Southern Hemisphere.

J. Volcanoes surround the Pacific ocean.

TAKS 5 TEKS 8.14A

Early telescopes showed stars as only points of light, while the planets appeared to be much larger, providing evidence that stars must –

A. be more plentiful in our solar system than planets.

B. be much farther from Earth than planets.**

C. reflect much more light than planets.

D. travel in elliptical orbits like planets.

TAKS 5

TEKS 6.13A, 8.13A

The Sun is a main sequence, yellow star in the Milky Way galaxy, which is described as a(n)–

F. dwarf galaxy

G. elliptical galaxy

H. irregular galaxy

J. spiral galaxy**

TAKS 5 TEKS 8.13A

Stars begin their life cycle in a –Stars begin their life cycle in a –

A.A. black holeblack hole

B.B. nebula**nebula**

C.C. novanova

D.D. supernovasupernova

TAKS 5

TEKS 8.13A

A land developer cleared all the trees in a A land developer cleared all the trees in a neighborhood to be able to build new neighborhood to be able to build new homes. A direct result of removing trees homes. A direct result of removing trees from the area would be –from the area would be –

F. a lower amount of carbon dioxide in the airF. a lower amount of carbon dioxide in the air

G. a higher rate of erosion**G. a higher rate of erosion**

H. an increase in the carnivore populationH. an increase in the carnivore population

J. a slowdown of the nitrogen cycleJ. a slowdown of the nitrogen cycle

TAKS 5 TEKS 8.14C

A current carries water from Canada and A current carries water from Canada and Alaska to the south along the California Alaska to the south along the California coast. How does this current most likely coast. How does this current most likely affect California’s climate?affect California’s climate?

A.A. The current causes floods in California.The current causes floods in California.

B.B. The current caused droughts in California.The current caused droughts in California.

C.C. The current cools California.**The current cools California.**

D.D. The current warms California.The current warms California.

TAKS 5 TEKS 8.12B

How does the Gulf Stream current probably affect How does the Gulf Stream current probably affect Iceland?Iceland?

F. The current carries cold water to Iceland.F. The current carries cold water to Iceland.G. The current causes Iceland’s climate to be warmer.**G. The current causes Iceland’s climate to be warmer.**H. The current causes Iceland’s climate to be colder.H. The current causes Iceland’s climate to be colder.J. The current prevents sunlight from reaching Iceland.J. The current prevents sunlight from reaching Iceland.

TAKS 5 TEKS 8.12B

The G

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nt

Iceland

Many weather systems form over Many weather systems form over oceans. The energy needed to form oceans. The energy needed to form these weather systems starts from – these weather systems starts from –

A.A. prevailing windsprevailing winds

B.B. the moonthe moon

C.C. the sun**the sun**

D.D. water currentswater currents

TAKS 5 TEKS 8.10B

Astronomers have discovered many differences in stars through their observations. One theory used to explain these differences is that –

F. Earth’s atmosphere distorts our view of the stars.

G. stars are at different points in their life cycles.**

H. the distances between stars are huge.

J. there is too much light pollution on Earth to study stars.

TAKS 5

TEKS 8.13A

The type of boundary shown in the diagram is –

A. convergent**B. divergentC. riftD. transform

TAKS 5 TEKS 8.14A

A rift valley is evidence of which kind of plate boundary?

F. Convergent

G. Divergent**

H. Folded

J. Transform

TAKS 5 TEKS 8.14A

Earthquake vibrations are detected, measured and recorded by instruments called –

A. magnetometers

B. Richter scales

C. seismographs**

D. sonargraphs

TAKS 5 TEKS 7.14A, 8.7B

The type of plate boundary found in Iceland is –

F. convergentG. divergent**H. lateralJ. transform TAKS 5

TEKS 8.14A

The Eurasian plate and North American plate are moving away from each other. This is causing the Atlantic Ocean to become wider. What other change will this movement most likely cause?

A. The destruction of beaches along the coast of Europe.

B. The formation of mountains along the east coast of North America.

C. The Pacific Ocean is becoming smaller in size.**D. The Gulf of Mexico is becoming deeper.

TAKS 5 TEKS 8.14A

The theory of plate tectonics states that Earth’s lithosphere is divided into pieces called plates that are constantly moving. The diagram above shows two plates that are colliding. What landforms result from this action?

F. Mountains**G. PlainsH. PlateausJ. Valleys TAKS 5

TEKS 8.14A

What lunar phase will occur when the moon is in the position indicated in the model?

A. Crescent

B. Full moon

C. Gibbous

D. New moon**

TAKS 5 TEKS 7.13B, 8.12A

The moon can be seen in the night sky because the moon –

F. emits its own light

G. produces radiant energy

H. reflects sunlight**

J. refracts sunlight

TAKS 5 TEKS 6.13A, 7.13B, 8.12A

When does the Northern Hemisphere experience summer?

A. When the length of the day equals the length of the night.

B. When the Earth is closest to the sun.

C. When the Earth is tilted most on its axis.

D. Then the North Pole is tilted toward the sun.**

TAKS 5 TEKS 7.13A

The plates of the Earth’s lithosphere are moved around by –

F. winds in the atmosphereG. conduction in the asthenosphereH. convection currents in the oceanJ. convection currents in the

asthenosphere**

TAKS 5 TEKS 8.14A

The map shows acid rain concentrations across the United States. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for the differences in acid rain concentrations across the country?

A. The southwest part of the U.S. produces more solid wastes.

B. The southeastern part of the U.S. has the most forests.

C. The northeast part of the U.S. burns the most fossil fuels.**

D. The northwest part of the U.S. used only solar energy.

TAKS 5 TEKS 7.14C, 8.14B, 8.14C

A meteorite collides with the Earth’s surface. What will be the most likely effect of this collision?

F. A crater will form.**G. A convergent plate boundary will form.H. A divergent plate boundary will form. J. A volcanic eruption will occur.

TAKS 5 TEKS 7.14A

Pressure builds up along a fault line and eventually the rocks along the fault shift positions. What will be the effect of this process?

A. An earthquake will occur.**B. A hot spot will form.C. A tsunami will form.D. A volcanic eruption will occur.

TAKS 5 TEKS 7.14A

An earthquake would most likely result An earthquake would most likely result near which of the following features?near which of the following features?

F. CaveF. Cave

G. Fault**G. Fault**

H. PlainH. Plain

J. ValleyJ. Valley

TAKS 5 TEKS 7.14A

Light-years are the most appropriate measurement for which of the following distances?

A. The distance between the moon and Earth.B. The distance between the North and South

Poles.C. The distance from the sun to the center of the

galaxy.**D. The distance from Florida to California.

TAKS 5 TEKS 8.13B

How would the planet most likely be affected if How would the planet most likely be affected if Earth were not tilted on its axis?Earth were not tilted on its axis?

F. Earth would become very hot on one side.F. Earth would become very hot on one side.

G. Earth would not experience different seasons.**G. Earth would not experience different seasons.**

H. The length of day and night would be very H. The length of day and night would be very different.different.

J. The moon would not revolve around the Earth.J. The moon would not revolve around the Earth.

TAKS 5 TEKS 7.13A

Which of the following lunar phases occurs approximately 28 days after a full moon in the lunar cycle?

A. CrescentB. Full moon**C. GibbousD. New moon

TAKS 5 TEKS 6.13A, 7.13B

Which of the following causes the moon’s phases to occur?

F. The Earth’s rotation on its axisG. The Earth’s revolution around the sunH. The moon’s rotation on its axisJ. The moon’s revolution around the

Earth.**

TAKS 5 TEKS 6.13A, 7.13B

Which of the following conservation practices is the best way to conserve some of the Earth’s nonrenewable resources?

A. Recycling newspapers.B. Reusing a paper sack as wrapping paper.C. Turning off the water while brushing your

teeth.D. Walking instead of driving in a car.**

TAKS 5 TEKS 7.14C, 8.14B, 8.14C

What is the name of the galaxy we live in?What is the name of the galaxy we live in?

F. AndromedaF. Andromeda

G. BetaG. Beta

H. Milky Way**H. Milky Way**

J. PolarisJ. Polaris

TAKS 5 TEKS 8.13A

The moon’s surface is made up of rocks and The moon’s surface is made up of rocks and dust-like soil. Which is the likely cause of the dust-like soil. Which is the likely cause of the “soil” on the moon?“soil” on the moon?

A.A. Breakup of rocks from rain and moving water.Breakup of rocks from rain and moving water.B.B. Breakup of rocks when meteors struck the Breakup of rocks when meteors struck the

moon.**moon.**C.C. Weathering by glaciers.Weathering by glaciers.D.D. Weathering by wind.Weathering by wind.

TAKS 5 TEKS 6.13A

Which of the following lists is in order from largest to Which of the following lists is in order from largest to smallest?smallest?

F. Moon, Earth, Sun, Solar System, Galaxy, UniverseF. Moon, Earth, Sun, Solar System, Galaxy, UniverseG. Solar System, Galaxy, Universe, Moon, Sun, EarthG. Solar System, Galaxy, Universe, Moon, Sun, EarthH. Universe, Galaxy, Sun, Solar System, Earth, MoonH. Universe, Galaxy, Sun, Solar System, Earth, MoonJ. Universe, Galaxy, Solar System, Sun, Earth, Moon**J. Universe, Galaxy, Solar System, Sun, Earth, Moon**

TAKS 5 TEKS 6.13A

Which of the following is a Which of the following is a nonrenewable source of energy?nonrenewable source of energy?

A.A. WoodWood

B.B. Coal**Coal**

C.C. WaterWater

D.D. WindWind

TAKS 5 TEKS 7.14C

When the phase of the moon is a full moon, -When the phase of the moon is a full moon, -

F. the sunlit side of the moon is facing away from F. the sunlit side of the moon is facing away from EarthEarth

G. the sunlit side of the moon is facing the G. the sunlit side of the moon is facing the earth**earth**

H. the sun is not shining on the moonH. the sun is not shining on the moon

J. the moon is in Earth’s shadowJ. the moon is in Earth’s shadow

TAKS 5 TEKS 6.13A, 7.13B

Which of these planets would have the Which of these planets would have the longest revolution around the sun?longest revolution around the sun?

A.A. EarthEarth

B.B. JupiterJupiter

C.C. Neptune**Neptune**

D.D. VenusVenus

TAKS 5 TEKS 6.13A,

Which of the following lists the Which of the following lists the components in order from smallest to components in order from smallest to largest?largest?

F. Solar system, universe, galaxyF. Solar system, universe, galaxyG. Galaxy, solar system, universeG. Galaxy, solar system, universeH. Solar system, galaxy, universe**H. Solar system, galaxy, universe**J. Universe, solar system, galaxyJ. Universe, solar system, galaxy

TAKS 5

TEKS 8.13A

Which of the four planets in the table has the Which of the four planets in the table has the shortest day?shortest day?

A.A. Earth**Earth**B.B. MarsMarsC.C. MercuryMercuryD.D. JupiterJupiter

PlanetPlanet Approximate Time Approximate Time for One Rotationfor One Rotation

Approximate Time Approximate Time for One Revolutionfor One Revolution

MercuryMercury 59 days59 days 88 days88 days

EarthEarth 24 hours24 hours 365 days365 days

MarsMars 24.7 hours24.7 hours 687 days687 days

JupiterJupiter 10 hours10 hours 11.9 years11.9 years

TAKS 5 TEKS 6.13A, 8.2E

You cannot see a new moon because –You cannot see a new moon because –

F. Earth’s axis tilts away from the moonF. Earth’s axis tilts away from the moonG. The moon has absorbed all the light G. The moon has absorbed all the light

that hits itthat hits itH. The moon’s sunlit side is facing away H. The moon’s sunlit side is facing away

from Earth**from Earth**J. The sun is not shining on the moonJ. The sun is not shining on the moon

TAKS 5 TEKS 6.13A, 7.13B