MPLS and GMPLS - Khulna University of Engineering & Technology€¦ · traffic engineering (late...

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10/3/2011 1 MPLS and GMPLS Deep Medhi & Karthik Ramasamy October 2010 http://www.NetworkRouting.net © D. Medhi & K. Ramasamy, 2008 2 MPLS: a bit of history Initially motivated by faster IP packet processing (exact prefix matching) IP switching ATM switching Tag switching Then, found its application to IP traffic engineering (late 90’s) MPLS VPN

Transcript of MPLS and GMPLS - Khulna University of Engineering & Technology€¦ · traffic engineering (late...

Page 1: MPLS and GMPLS - Khulna University of Engineering & Technology€¦ · traffic engineering (late 90’s) MPLS VPN. 10/3/2011 2 3 Where does MPLS header fit in the protocol stack?

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MPLS and GMPLS

Deep Medhi & Karthik Ramasamy

October 2010

http://www.NetworkRouting.net

© D. Medhi & K. Ramasamy, 2008

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MPLS: a bit of history

Initially motivated by faster IP packet processing (exact prefix matching)

IP switching

ATM switching

Tag switching

Then, found its application to IP traffic engineering (late 90’s)

MPLS VPN 

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Where does MPLS header fit in the protocol stack?

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MPLS header format

Label

Experimental bits: can assign priority

Time‐to‐Live field

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Label Swapping at an MPLS router (LSR)

Label‐switched router (LSR)

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How are IP packets carried by MPLS

Label Edge Routers, Label Switched Routers

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Label swapping with IP packets

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Two Labels…

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MPLS router

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IP traffic engineering: 

Link weight adjustment

Set up MPLS tunnels

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How to set up and keep track of tunnel?

Protocols for tunnel setup RSVP‐TE

CR‐LDP (now “decommissioned”)

Need to bank on Link‐state routing protocol to “get” information IS‐IS‐TE

OSPF‐TE

RSVP(‐TE) overview

RSVP‐TE is used for signaling between routers to set up LSP flows

Message Types: Path, Resv, PathErr, ResvErr, PathTear, ResvTear, and ResvConf

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RSVP messages for LSP set up

RSVP packet format

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Why OSPF‐TE

New attributes of a links needed for MPLS

Max link bandwidth

Max reserved bandwidth

Unreserved bandwidth at different priority levels

Traffic engineering metric

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OSPF‐TE through LSA extention

In OSPFv2, several link state advertisement (LSA) types: one of them: opaque LSA

The intended use of opaque LSA is to allow a general LSA feature so that it might be useful for any future extension. 

Opaque LSA: three link state types have been presented for the scope of flooding

type 9, type 10, and type 11 for local subnet 

flooding, intra‐area flooding, and flooding in the entire autonomous systems, respectively.

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OSPF‐TE (cont’d)

For MPLS traffic engineering, opaque LSA type 10 is used

This limits flooding to an intra‐area of an OSPF domain; it is known as a traffic engineering LSA.

TE LSA contains a standard header that includes information such as link state age, advertising router, and link state sequence number; in addition, it uses nested TLV to contain information needed for TE LSA. 

At the top level, there are two TLVs: (1) a router address TLV and (2) a Link TLV. 

Link TLV contains several sub‐TLVs: these are used for the new attributes of a link (such as bandwidth etc)

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IS‐IS‐TE

Similar to OSPF‐TE, IS‐IS is also extended to allow TE features

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MPLS traffic enginering

Basic Steps: Determine points to be connected:

• End points: ingress‐egress point

• Size of the tunnel (e.g. 6Mbps)

Determine bandwidth availability•Using ISIS‐TE, OSPF‐TE

Set up paths using RSVP‐TE (like a telephone call)

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How to select

Constrained  Shortest‐path

Network flow modeling

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MPLS‐VPN Traffic Engineering

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Customer’s logical view

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VPN routing view

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Virtual LAN service (“emulated Ethernet Services) over MPLS

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BGP/MPLS IP VPN architecture

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BGP/MPLS route distinguisher

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MPLS and GMPLS labels

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Separation of Data path and control path in GMPLS

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Scalability issues/Manageability issues

How many tunnels in the networks?

How often to change them?

Bandwidth adjustment

Route adjustment

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