Molecules of Life. Carbon Compounds The Versatile Carbon Atom Carbon has 4 electrons in outer shell...
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Transcript of Molecules of Life. Carbon Compounds The Versatile Carbon Atom Carbon has 4 electrons in outer shell...
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Molecules of Life
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Carbon Compounds
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The Versatile Carbon Atom
Carbon has 4 electrons in outer shell
Can form a bond with four other molecules
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Molecular Structure
What is a polymer? Monomer?
How are they assembled?
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Monosaccharaides are single-unit sugars
These molecules typically have a formula that is a multiple of CH2O
Each molecule contains hydroxyl groups and a carbonyl group
Monosaccharaides are the fuels for cellular work
Carbohydrates
Figure 3.4A
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Isomers
Glucose and fructose are isomers They contain the
same atoms but in different arrangements
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The ‘Ring’ form
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Polysaccharides
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LipidsNot true polymers
Hydrocarbons that are non-polar
Triglycerides are our bodies main energy reserve
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Phospholipid
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Lipids
Steroids like cholesterol make up parts of cell membranes
Steroid hormones
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Form & Function
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ProteinsUsed for structural components (cartilage)and functional (enzymes)
Amino acids: carboxyl, amine and R-group
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Primary Structure
of a Protein
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How Are Proteins Made?
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Nucleic AcidsGenetic material Link between gene &
proteins
Energy carriers and chemical messengersNucleotides: sugar, phosphate, nitrogenous baseATP
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The Four Bases
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DNA & Protein: Uses
in Systematics